free+from

empty, devoid of, free from.

ef-frēnus, a, um (also effrenis mula, Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 171; Sen. de Ira, 3, 15, 2), adj. [ex-frenum], free from the bridle, unbridled (not ante Aug., and mostly poet. for effrenatus; cf. also: infrenus, infrenatus).

Lit.:

equus,

Liv. 4, 33, 7.—

Trop., unbridled, unrestrained:

gens,

Verg. G. 3, 382:

amor,

Ov. M. 6, 465:

juventa,

Stat. Achill. 1, 277:

profatu,

id. Silv. 5, 3, 103.

ē-mendo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [mendum], to free from faults, to correct, improve, amend (cf. corrigo—class.;

not in Caes.): tota civitas emendari et corrigi solet continentia principum,

Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 30; cf. Quint. 2, 2, 7; 2, 4, 14; 9, 3, 89:

leviter tuum consilium (with conformare),

Cic. Mur. 29:

consuetudinem vitiosam,

id. Brut. 75:

vitia adolescentiae multis virtutibus,

Nep. Them. 1:

facta priora novis,

Ov. F. 4, 596:

res Italas legibus,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 3:

legem severius,

Suet. Aug. 34:

sucos acerbos in pomis,

Ov. Med. Fac. 5; cf.

terram terrā,

Plin. 17, 5, 3, § 41:

bovem cubitorem fame et siti,

Col. 6, 2, 11:

angorem animi (sui),

Amm. 14, 10, 2.—Esp. freq. of correcting, emending language (oral or written), Cic. Att. 2, 16 fin.; id. Or. 46; Quint. 2, 2, 7; 8, 2, 4 et saep.—In medic. lang., like corrigere, for to cure:

alopecias,

Plin. 20, 13, 50, § 129:

tussim,

id. 20, 16, 62, § 170:

albugines oculorum,

id. 32, 7, 24, § 70:

cicatrices,

id. 36, 21, 42, § 156 et saep. —

In post-class. lang. in partic., to correct by punishment, to chastise:

libertum non obsequentem aut verbis aut fustium castigatione,

Dig. 1, 16, 9, § 3; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 51; Lact. Mort. Pers. 22 al.— Hence, ēmendātus, a, um, P. a., faultless, perfect, pure:

mores,

Cic. Lael. 17, 61; cf.

vir,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 30; Plin. Ep. 3, 3, 5:

e. et Latina locutio,

Cic. Brut. 74; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 1; 33; 2, 4, 15 al.:

opus,

Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 92:

aquae,

id. 36, 15, 24, § 121.— Comp.:

mulier,

Petr. 126, 13:

vita,

Dig. 4, 3, 11.— Sup.:

homo (with optimus),

Plin. Ep. 8, 22, 2: libri, Quint. Ep. ad Tryph. § 3; cf.:

correcta et emendata maxime,

Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 13.— Adv.: ēmendāte, faultlessly, perfectly, purely:

loqui, scribere, etc.,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 2; Quint. 8, 1, 2; 8, 3, 1; Hirt. B. G. 8 prooem. § 6; Vitr. 10, 11.— Comp.:

facere capillum,

Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 58; Quint. 1, 6, 19 Zumpt.

ēnōdis, e, adj. [nodus], free from knots, without knots ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

Prop.:

trunci,

Verg. G. 2, 78; cf.

cedri,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 360:

nitor arborum,

Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 14:

harundo,

Mart. Cap. 9, § 906.—

Transf., smooth, supple: artus ( al. arcus) laterum, Claud. ap. Eutr. 2, 361.—

Trop., of speech, clear, plain, intelligible:

elegi,

Plin. Ep. 5, 17, 2; Ambros. Ep. 1, 12; id. in Luc. 7, § 136 init.

ē-nūbĭlo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to free from clouds, to make clear (eccl. Lat.).

Lit., Tert. Apol. 35.—

Trop.:

veritatem,

Paul. Carm. 21, 667 al.

ē-rŭdĭo, īvi or ii, ītum, 4, v. a., qs. to free from roughness, i. e. to polish, educate, instruct, teach (freq. and class.; cf.: doceo, edoceo, praecipio, instituo).

Prop.:

studiosos discendi erudiunt atque docent,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, 156:

aliquem,

id. Div. 2, 2 (with docere); id. de Or. 3, 9, 35 (with instituere); id. ib. 2, 1, 12; Quint. prooem. § 1;

6 et saep.: filios ad majorum instituta (with instituere),

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 69; cf. id. Tusc. 1, 26:

aliquem artibus,

id. Fam. 1, 7 fin.; cf. id. Rep. 2, 19, 34:

eum ad exquisitissimam consuetudinem Graecorum erudiit,

id. ib. 2, 21, 37:

aliquem in jure civili,

id. de Or. 1, 59 fin.; cf. id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3.—With two acc. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

aliquem leges praeceptaque belli,

Stat. Th. 10, 507; cf. Val. Fl. 2, 50; v. also under P. a.: aliquem, with an object-clause, Plin. 33, 11, 53, § 149; cf.

without aliquem,

Ov. F. 3, 820; Sil. 11, 352.—With a rel.-clause as object:

qua possint arte capi,

Ov. F. 3, 294:

tirones neque in ludo, neque per lanistas,

i. e. to cause to be instructed, Suet. Caes. 26:

gladiatores sub eodem magistro eruditi,

Quint. 2, 17, 33:

Athenas erudiendi gratia missus,

Just. 17, 3, 11;

once: aliquem de aliqua re, Cic.: obviae mihi velim sint tuae litterae, quae me erudiant de omni re publica,

instruct me, keep me informed of, Cic. Fam. 2, 12, 1.—

Transf., of objects not personal:

artes,

Ov. M. 8, 215:

ut flerent, oculos erudiere suos,

id. R. Am. 690; id. Am. 1, 14, 30:

Polycletus consummasse hanc scientiam judicatur et toreuticen sic erudisse, ut Phidias aperuisse,

to have cultivated, brought to perfection, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 56.— Hence, ērŭdītus, a, um, P. a., learned, accomplished, well-informed, skilled, experienced (cf.: litteratus, doctus, peritus, gnarus, scitus).

Prop.:

est non satis politus iis artibus, quas qui tenent eruditi appellantur,

Cic. Fin. 1, 7 fin.:

Graeculus otiosus et loquax, et fortasse doctus atque eruditus,

id. de Or. 1, 22, 102:

semper mihi et doctrina et eruditi homines placuerunt,

id. Rep. 1, 17 fin.; id. Tusc. 1, 3:

nec sicut vulgus sed ut eruditi solent appellare sapientem,

id. Lael. 2, 6; cf.

opp. rusticus,

Quint. 11, 1, 45; 8, 6, 75 et saep.:

non transmarinis nec importatis artibus eruditi, sed genuinis domesticisque virtutibus,

Cic. Rep. 2, 15 fin.:

homines non litteris ad rei militaris scientiam, sed rebus gestis ac victoriis eruditos,

id. Font. 15, 33; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 7 fin.; cf. id. Brut. 67, 236; id. Arch. 7; id. N. D. 3, 9, 23 al.:

eruditi Socraticis disputationibus,

id. de Or. 3, 34, 139:

a pueris eruditi artibus militiae,

Liv. 42, 52 et saep.; cf. in the comp.:

litteris eruditior quam Curio,

Cic. Brut. 82; and in the sup.:

Scaevola, homo omnium et disciplina juris civilis eruditissimus,

id. de Or. 1, 39, 180.— With acc.:

Graecas res eruditi,

Gell. 2, 21, 3; cf. id. 19, 12, 9.—With inf.:

eruditus utilia honestis miscere,

Tac. Agr. 8.—

Transf., of inanimate and abstract subjects:

quod ceteri minus eruditis hominum seculis fuerunt,

Cic. Rep. 2, 10:

tempora (with docti homines),

id. ib.:

aures,

id. ib. 2, 42; id. Or. 34, 119; Quint. 10, 1, 32:

animus,

Cic. Fam. 5, 14: oratio (opp. popularis), id. Par. prooem. § 4; cf. Quint. 8, 3, 17; 8, 6, 24 al.:

Graecorum copia,

fulness of Greek learning, Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 7: palata, i. e. practised, fine (with docta), Col. 8, 16, 4; cf.

gustus,

Tac. A. 16, 18.—In neutr. with a subject-clause:

ex historia ducere urbanitatem, eruditum est,

Quint. 6, 3, 98; cf.:

eruditissimum longe, si, etc.,

id. 9, 2, 97.— Adv.: ērŭdītē, learnedly, eruditely. — Comp., Cic. de Sen. 1 fin.; Quint. 1, 5, 36.— Sup., Cic. Or. 52; Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 8.