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1 elьcь
elьcь Grammatical information: m. jo Proto-Slavic meaning: `dace'Page in Trubačev: VI 22-23Russian:eléc `dace' [m jo], el'cá [Gens]Ukrainian:jaléc' `bleak' [m jo]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Kashubian:i̯el `a fish' [m jo??]Lower Sorbian:Serbo-Croatian:jálac `dace' [m jo];Indo-European reconstruction: eliko-Certainty: -Page in Pokorny: 302-304Comments: As Trubačëv observes (VI: 305), the semantics of Pokorny's root *el- are capacious and complex. In my opinion, there is little evidence for a root *el- `light-coloured'. It is tempting to seek a connection between *jelьcь and OHG alunt `ide'. Pokorny identifies what is presumedly the root of the latter word with the first element of *albʰo- `white' and links it to *el-. Since the fish-names under discussion refer to shining, whitish species, this is semantically unproblematic. Nevertheless, it seems quite possible that the root *al/el (Slavic *el as a result of Rozwadowski's change?) originates from a substratum language. -
2 màkъ
màkъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `poppy'Page in Trubačev: XVII 149-151Church Slavic:Russian:Czech:mák `poppy' [m o]Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:mȁk `poppy' [m o], mȁka [Gens], màka [Gens];Čak. mȁk (Vrgada) `poppy' [m o], makȁ [Gens]Slovene:màk `poppy' [m o], máka [Gens]Bulgarian:Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ?Lithuanian:aguonà `poppy' [f ā] 2;mãguonė (dial.) `poppy' [f ē] 1 \{1\}Latvian:Old Prussian:IE meaning: poppyCertainty: -Page in Pokorny: 698Comments: The Germanic forms show grammatischer Wechsel as well as an alternation *ā: a. The vocalism, which could reflect PIE *eh₁: h₁, does not match the ā of the Greek and the Slavic forms, which leads us to assume that the vowel alternation arose when at a comparatively late stage the root māk- was borrowed into Germanic (cf. Kluge 1989, 484). The Lithuanian and Latvian forms are usually considered borrowings from Germanic, whereas OPr. moke may have been borrowed from Polish. The Estonian and Livonian forms must be borrowings from Baltic, probably Latvian. It is generally agreed upon that ultimately we are dealing with a word of non-Indo-European (Mediterranean?) origin.Other cognates:Dor. μά̑κων `poppy' [f];Notes:\{1\} Besides, we find the variants maguona and magūna. The forms with m are restricted to the area around Klaipėda. \{2\} I have found the variants magùona2, magana, magane and magūne. \{3\} The initial m of the word for `poppy' was apparently lost in Lithuanian but not in Latvian. The Lithuanian dialect forms with m- may be due to the influence of the (Latvian) language of the fishermen of the Couronian Isthmus (cf. Būga RR III: 320). Sabaliauskas suggests dissimilatory loss of m, parallel to the loss of r in arotai: rarotai, akrūtas: rakrūtas, Latv. ruodere: uodere, ūk̨eris (1960, 71-72). \{4\} The first element means `sleep', cf. Nw. dial. vale `deep sleep', Sw. dial. valbjörn `Schlafdorn'.
См. также в других словарях:
first language — n the language that you first learn as a child = ↑native language/tongue, mother tongue ↑mother tongue →↑second language … Dictionary of contemporary English
first language — noun count 1. ) the first language that you learn to speak: NATIVE LANGUAGE 2. ) the main language that people speak in a region or country … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
first language — first languages N COUNT Someone s first language is the language that they learned first and speak best; used especially when someone speaks more than one language … English dictionary
First language — The monument for the Mother tongue in Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan Mother tongue redirects here. For other uses, see Mother tongue (disambiguation). Native speaker redirects here. For the novel, see Native Speaker. A first language (also native… … Wikipedia
first language — noun one s native language; the language learned by children and passed from one generation to the next • Syn: ↑mother tongue, ↑maternal language • Hypernyms: ↑natural language, ↑tongue * * * ˌfirst ˈlanguage f132 [first language … Useful english dictionary
first language — UK / US noun [countable] Word forms first language : singular first language plural first languages linguistics 1) the first language that you learn to speak 2) the main language that people speak in a region or country … English dictionary
first language — noun a) the first language one is taught to speak; ones native language. b) the language one feels most comfortable and capable with … Wiktionary
ˌfirst ˈlanguage — noun [C] 1) the first language that you learn to speak 2) the main language that people speak in a region or country … Dictionary for writing and speaking English
first language — noun (C) the language that you first learn as a child compare second language … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
first language — /fɜst ˈlæŋgwɪdʒ/ (say ferst langgwij) noun the language first used by a person for oral communication and often identified with one s nationality; mother tongue. Also, native language …
first language — ➡ World English * * * … Universalium
