fin+da+principio

căballus, i, m., = kaballês [perh. Celtic; hence Ital. cavallo, Fr. cheval, Engl. cavalry, cavalier, etc.; cf. cob, Germ. Gaul], an inferior riding- or pack-horse, a nag ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose): tardus, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 86, 15;

Varr. ib.: mediā de nocte caballum Arripit,

his nag, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 88; so id. S. 1, 6, 59; 1, 6, 103; id. Ep. 1, 18, 36; Juv. 10, 60; 11, 195; Sen. Ep. 87, 8; Petr. 117, 12; Dig. 33, 7, 15:

Gorgoneus, jestingly for Pegasus,

Juv. 3, 118.—

Prov.

Optat ephippia bos piger, optat arare caballus, i.e. no one is content with his own condition, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 43.—

Tamquam caballus in clivo, for one who walks wearily, Petr. 134, 2 (cf. Ov. R. Am. 394: principio clivi noster anhelat equus).

Căballus, i, m., a Roman cognomen, in the pun:

qui Galbam salibus tuis, et ipsum Possis vincere Sextium Caballum. Non cuicumque datum est habere nasum. Ludit qui stolidā procacitate, non est Sextius ille, sed caballus,

Mart. 1, 42 fin.

fămes, is (ante- and post-class. nom. sing.:

famis,

Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 15; Prud. Psych. 479; gen.: fami, Cato and Lucil. ap. Gell. 9, 14, 10; abl., scanned fămē, Lucr. 3, 732; Verg. A. 6, 421; Ov. M. 5, 165; 8, 846; 11, 370 al.) f. [root gha-; Sanscr. gahami, to leave, abandon; Gr. chatis, chêtos, want; chêros, deprived of], hunger (syn.: inedia, jejunium, esuries, esuritio).

Lit.:

interficere aliquem siti fameque atque algu,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 36; id. Rud. 2, 2, 7; cf.:

cum cibo et potione fames sitisque depulsa est,

Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37:

cibi condimentum esse famem, potionis sitim,

id. ib. 2, 28, 90:

bestiae fame monitae,

id. Clu. 25, 67:

fame atque inopia rerum omnium confecti,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 134;

(avis) fame enecta,

starved to death, id. Div. 2, 35, 73; cf.:

plebem fame necare,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2:

patientia famis,

id. Cat. 1, 10, 26: famem explere, to satiate, id. pro Dom. 23:

tolerare,

Caes. B. G. 1, 28, 3:

extremam famem sustentare,

id. ib. 7, 17, 3:

duram propellere,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 6; cf.:

pellere querna glande,

Tib. 2, 1, 38:

propulsare,

Col. 2, 10, 1; Tac. A. 14, 24:

deponere,

Ov. F. 6, 530:

levare,

to assuage, id. H. 14, 96:

vincere sacris extis,

Val. Fl. 2, 347 et saep.:

in principio fame utendum,

the patient must fast, Cels. 8, 10, 7; cf.:

primis diebus fames, deinde liberalius alimentum,

id. ib. —Prov.:

ambitiosa non est fames,

is not nice, Sen. Ep. 119, 14:

malum panem tibi tenerum et siligineum fames reddet,

id. ib. 123, 2.—

Transf.

Famine, dearth (rare in class. Lat.):

fames, quae tum erat in hac mea Asia: messis enim nulla fuerat,

Cic. Att. 5, 21, 8:

fames esse coepit,

Curt. 10, 8:

in fame frumentum exportare,

Cic. Fl. 7, 17; Vulg. Ruth, 1, 1; id. Matt. 24, 7 et saep.—

In gen., poverty, indigence:

aliquem ad famem reicere,

Ter. Phorm. prol. 19.

Trop.

Like sitis, a violent longing for any thing, greediness, greed, avidity ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

quid non mortalia pectora cogis, Auri sacra fames!

Verg. A. 3, 57; so,

auri fames,

Plin. 33, 4, 21, § 72; cf.:

argenti sitis importuna famesque,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 23; Plin. 33, 1, 3, § 6; cf.:

auri fames durissima est,

id. 33, 4, 21, § 72:

ex longa fame satiaret se auro,

Curt. 5, 1, 4:

crescentem sequitur cura pecuniam Majorumque fames,

Hor. C. 3, 16, 17:

honorum Marii fames,

Flor. 3, 21, 6.—

Of speech, poverty of expression:

jejunitatem et famem malle quam ubertatem et copiam,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 1, 3.—

Personified: Fames, as a goddess, Verg. A. 6, 276; Ov. M. 8, 784; 785 et saep.

impĕrātor ( inp-), ōris (archaic form induperator, Enn. Ann. v. 86; 332; 350; 552 Vahl.; Lucr. 4, 967; 5, 1227; cf. 1. init.; but in Enn. also imperator, Trag. v. 34 Vahl.), m. [id.].

Orig., milit. t. t., a commander-in-chief, general, = stratêgos (cf.: dux, ductor).

In gen.: si forte quaereretur, quae esset ars imperatoris, constituendum putarem principio, quis esset imperator: qui cum esset constitutus administrator quidam belli gerendi, tum adjungeremus de exercitu, de castris, etc.... de reliquis rebus, quae essent propriae belli administrandi: quarum qui essent animo et scientia compotes, eos esse imperatores dicerem, utererque exemplis Africanorum et Maximorum;

Epaminondam atque Hannibalem atque ejus generis homines nominarem,

Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 210:

aliae sunt legati partes, aliae imperatoris: alter omnia agere ad praescriptum, alter libere ad summam rerum consulere debet,

Caes. B. C. 3, 51, 4:

sapiens et callidus imperator,

Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 58:

bonus ac fortis,

id. de Or. 2, 44, 187; cf.:

egregie fortis et bonus,

id. ib. 2, 66, 268:

eosdem labores non aeque esse graves imperatori et militi,

id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62:

ego sic existimo in summo imperatore quatuor has res inesse oportere, scientiam rei militaris, virtutem, auctoritatem, felicitatem, etc.,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

unum ad id bellum imperatorem deposci,

id. ib. 2, 5:

nomen invicti imperatoris,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 38, § 82:

Themistocles... imperator bello Persico,

id. Lael. 12, 42:

cum pro se quisque in conspectu imperatoris... operam navare cuperet,

Caes. B. G. 2, 25 fin.: insece, Musa, manu Romanorum induperator Quod quisque in bello gessit cum rege Philippo, Enn. ap. Gell. 18, 9, 3 (Ann. v. 332 Vahl.):

induperatores pugnare ac proelia obire,

Lucr. 4, 967.—As a title, placed after the name:

M. Cicero S. D. C. Antonio M. F. Imp.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 5 inscr.:

Cn. Pompeio Cn. F. Magno Imperatori,

id. ib. 5, 7 inscr.:

Vatinio Imp. S.,

id. ib. 5, 11 et saep. —

In partic., pregn., in the times of the republic, a title of honor conferred on a general after any important victory:

his rebus gestis Curio se in castra ad Bagradam recepit, atque universi exercitus conclamatione Imperator appellatur,

Caes. B. C. 2, 26, 1; cf.:

Pompeius eo proelio Imperator est appellatus,

id. ib. 3, 71, 3; Cic. Phil. 14, 4, 11; 14, 5, 12; Caes. B. C. 3, 31, 1; Liv. 27, 19, 4; Inscr. Orell. 542; 3417 sq. (cf. also Plin. Pan. 12, 1).—

Transf. beyond the milit. sphere.

In gen., a commander, leader, chief, director, ruler, master:

(Romani) immutato more annua imperia, binos imperatores sibi fecere,

i. e. consuls, Sall. C. 6, 7:

(vis venti) Induperatorem classis super aequora verrit,

admiral, Lucr. 5, 1227:

imperator histricus,

director, manager, Plaut. Poen. prol. 4:

di te servassint semper... salus interioris hominis amorisque inperator,

id. As. 3, 3, 66:

familiae,

id. Capt. 2, 2, 57: nolo eundem populum imperatorem et portitorem esse terrarum, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 24, 22 (Rep. 4, 7 Mos.):

dux et imperator vitae mortalium animus est,

Sall. J. 1, 3:

vitae nostrae necisque,

Plin. 29, 1, 5, § 11.—

In partic.

An epithet of Jupiter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129:

signum Jovis Imperatoris,

Liv. 6, 29, 8.—

The conqueror at a game of chess, Vop. Proc. 13, 2.—

The title of the Roman emperors, placed either before or after the name (cf. I.);

before it,

Suet. Caes. 76; Claud. 12; 26:

IMP. CAESARI DIVI IVLI F.,

Inscr. Orell. 596; so ib. 597; 600; 602; 604 sq.;

after it,

Suet. Oth. 2; Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20; Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 9; 4, 17, 8; 4, 22, 4.—Hence afterwards absol.:

Imperator,

a Roman emperor, Tac. A. 3, 74:

velut praesagium insequentis casus, quo medius inter utriusque filios exstitit Imperator,

Suet. Galb. 6; id. Claud. 13; 29; id. Galb. 3, 6, 20; id. Vit. 3 et saep.

inde, adv. [i-im, locative from is, and de = die; hence],

Of place, from that place, thence:

inde e promptuaria cella,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 4:

si quis me quaeret, inde me vocatote aliqui,

id. Stich. 1, 2, 9:

eo die mansi Calibus: inde has litteras dedi,

Cic. Att. 7, 21:

ut in provinciam exirent, atque inde in Italiam contenderent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 33:

nec inde venit, unde mallem,

Cic. Att. 13, 39, 2:

Palaepolis fuit haud procul inde ubi nunc Neapolis sita est,

Liv. 8, 22, 5:

triginta inde stadia abesse,

Curt. 3, 8, 24:

si legiones sese recepissent inde quo temere essent progressae,

Caes. B. C. 3, 45. —With gen. loci ( poet.):

inde loci,

Lucr. 5, 438 al.; Cic. Arat. 327; Enn. ap. Fest. p. 301 Müll.; id. ap. Serv. Aen. 12, 121.—

Of things:

ex avaritia erumpat audacia necesse est: inde omnia scelera gignuntur,

from this, Cic. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

inde est, quod, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 7, 5.—

Of persons:

nati filii Duo: inde ego hunc majorem adoptavi mihi,

of them, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 21:

in Dacos et inde in Parthos,

Suet. Aug. 8:

nihil inde (i. e. ab iis) praesidii,

Curt. 3, 1, 8:

rege inde sumpto (i. e. ex Sabinis),

Liv. 1, 18, 5 al. —

Of time.

Prop., from that time, thenceforward, since (mostly preceded by jam):

suo jam inde vivere ingenio coepit,

Liv. 3, 36, 1:

inde durat ad nos usque vehementer,

Quint. 1, 5, 21.—

So of time continued from a point referred to: inde ab ineunte aetate,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9:

inde usque amicus fuit mihi a puero puer,

Plaut. Cap. 3, 4, 112:

jam inde ab ortu,

Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 124:

quoad longissime potest mens mea respicere spatium praeteriti temporis... inde usque repetens, etc.,

id. Arch. 1, 1; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 1.—

In gen., after that, thereafter, thereupon, then (cf. deinde), Liv. 1, 2, 3; 5, 39, 10; 22, 30, 1 al.:

ne perorandi quidem ei data est facultas: inde judicio damnatus,

Nep. Phoc. 4:

exhinc Rhaeticum bellum, inde Pannonicum, inde Germanicum gessit,

then... then, Suet. Tib. 9:

eodem impetu altera castra sunt adorti, inde tertia, deinceps reliqua,

Caes. B. C. 3, 9.—

With other specifications of time:

jam inde a principio hujus imperii, Prov. Cons. 13, 33: jam inde ab incunabulis,

Liv. 4, 36 fin. —

With gen.:

inde loci (transferred to time),

after that, thereupon, Lucr. 5, 789.

impĕrātor ( inp-), ōris (archaic form induperator, Enn. Ann. v. 86; 332; 350; 552 Vahl.; Lucr. 4, 967; 5, 1227; cf. 1. init.; but in Enn. also imperator, Trag. v. 34 Vahl.), m. [id.].

Orig., milit. t. t., a commander-in-chief, general, = stratêgos (cf.: dux, ductor).

In gen.: si forte quaereretur, quae esset ars imperatoris, constituendum putarem principio, quis esset imperator: qui cum esset constitutus administrator quidam belli gerendi, tum adjungeremus de exercitu, de castris, etc.... de reliquis rebus, quae essent propriae belli administrandi: quarum qui essent animo et scientia compotes, eos esse imperatores dicerem, utererque exemplis Africanorum et Maximorum;

Epaminondam atque Hannibalem atque ejus generis homines nominarem,

Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 210:

aliae sunt legati partes, aliae imperatoris: alter omnia agere ad praescriptum, alter libere ad summam rerum consulere debet,

Caes. B. C. 3, 51, 4:

sapiens et callidus imperator,

Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 58:

bonus ac fortis,

id. de Or. 2, 44, 187; cf.:

egregie fortis et bonus,

id. ib. 2, 66, 268:

eosdem labores non aeque esse graves imperatori et militi,

id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62:

ego sic existimo in summo imperatore quatuor has res inesse oportere, scientiam rei militaris, virtutem, auctoritatem, felicitatem, etc.,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

unum ad id bellum imperatorem deposci,

id. ib. 2, 5:

nomen invicti imperatoris,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 38, § 82:

Themistocles... imperator bello Persico,

id. Lael. 12, 42:

cum pro se quisque in conspectu imperatoris... operam navare cuperet,

Caes. B. G. 2, 25 fin.: insece, Musa, manu Romanorum induperator Quod quisque in bello gessit cum rege Philippo, Enn. ap. Gell. 18, 9, 3 (Ann. v. 332 Vahl.):

induperatores pugnare ac proelia obire,

Lucr. 4, 967.—As a title, placed after the name:

M. Cicero S. D. C. Antonio M. F. Imp.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 5 inscr.:

Cn. Pompeio Cn. F. Magno Imperatori,

id. ib. 5, 7 inscr.:

Vatinio Imp. S.,

id. ib. 5, 11 et saep. —

In partic., pregn., in the times of the republic, a title of honor conferred on a general after any important victory:

his rebus gestis Curio se in castra ad Bagradam recepit, atque universi exercitus conclamatione Imperator appellatur,

Caes. B. C. 2, 26, 1; cf.:

Pompeius eo proelio Imperator est appellatus,

id. ib. 3, 71, 3; Cic. Phil. 14, 4, 11; 14, 5, 12; Caes. B. C. 3, 31, 1; Liv. 27, 19, 4; Inscr. Orell. 542; 3417 sq. (cf. also Plin. Pan. 12, 1).—

Transf. beyond the milit. sphere.

In gen., a commander, leader, chief, director, ruler, master:

(Romani) immutato more annua imperia, binos imperatores sibi fecere,

i. e. consuls, Sall. C. 6, 7:

(vis venti) Induperatorem classis super aequora verrit,

admiral, Lucr. 5, 1227:

imperator histricus,

director, manager, Plaut. Poen. prol. 4:

di te servassint semper... salus interioris hominis amorisque inperator,

id. As. 3, 3, 66:

familiae,

id. Capt. 2, 2, 57: nolo eundem populum imperatorem et portitorem esse terrarum, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 24, 22 (Rep. 4, 7 Mos.):

dux et imperator vitae mortalium animus est,

Sall. J. 1, 3:

vitae nostrae necisque,

Plin. 29, 1, 5, § 11.—

In partic.

An epithet of Jupiter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129:

signum Jovis Imperatoris,

Liv. 6, 29, 8.—

The conqueror at a game of chess, Vop. Proc. 13, 2.—

The title of the Roman emperors, placed either before or after the name (cf. I.);

before it,

Suet. Caes. 76; Claud. 12; 26:

IMP. CAESARI DIVI IVLI F.,

Inscr. Orell. 596; so ib. 597; 600; 602; 604 sq.;

after it,

Suet. Oth. 2; Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20; Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 9; 4, 17, 8; 4, 22, 4.—Hence afterwards absol.:

Imperator,

a Roman emperor, Tac. A. 3, 74:

velut praesagium insequentis casus, quo medius inter utriusque filios exstitit Imperator,

Suet. Galb. 6; id. Claud. 13; 29; id. Galb. 3, 6, 20; id. Vit. 3 et saep.

mundus, a, um, adj. [Sanscr. mund, purificari], clean, cleanly, nice, neat, elegant.

Lit. (class.;

syn.: lautus, nitidus, purus): supellex,

Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 7:

caena,

id. C. 3, 29, 14:

ager,

Gell. 19, 12, 8:

mundissimum cubile desiderat (animal),

Col. 7, 9, 14:

jam intus mundissimumst,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 7.— Poet., with abl., = ornatus: Ostia munita est: idem loca navibus pulchris Munda facit, adorned, Enn. ap. Tert. p. 258 Müll. (Ann. v. 146 Vahl.).—

Transf.

Of mode of living, neat, fine, elegant, smart, genteel:

cultus justo mundior,

too elegant dress, Liv. 8, 15.— As subst.: mundus, i, m. (sc. homo), an elegant or nice person, Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23.—

Of quality, not coarse, fine (post-class.):

annonae, of wheat,

Lampr. Alex. Sev. 42, 3:

panis,

id. ib. 37, 3.—

Trop.

Of speech, neat, fine, elegant ( poet. and in postclass. prose):

verba, Ov A. A. 3, 479: versus, quibus mundius nihil reperiri puto,

Gell. 19, 9, 10:

in Gallos mundius subtiliusque est, quam cum Gallis aut contra Gallos,

id. 17, 2 med. —

Subst.: mun-dum, i. n., only in the phrase: in mundo (esse or habere), in readiness (ante-class.): tibi vita seu mors in mundo est, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 181 P. (Ann. v. 457 Vahl.:

in mundo pro palam et in expedito ac cito, Charis.): nempe habeo in mundo,

Plaut. Pers. 1, 1, 46:

mihi in mundo sunt virgae,

id. As. 2, 1, 16; 2, 2, 50:

nescio quid vero habeo in mundo,

id. Stich. 3, 2, 23; id. Ps. 1, 5, 85 Ritschl.—

In eccl. Lat., morally pure, upright, free from sin:

cor mundum crea in me, Deus,

Vulg. Psa. 50, 12:

beati mundo corde,

id. Matt. 5, 8.—Hence, adv., in two forms (both, for the most part, anteand post-class.).—

mundē, cleanly, neatly, prettily:

(copia) in suo quaeque loco sita munde,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 5: verrite aedes, spargite munde, Titin. ap. Charis. p. 183 P.:

parum munde et parum decenter,

Sen. Ep. 70, 20:

munde facti versus,

Gell. 10, 17, 2:

quam mundissime purissimeque fiat,

Cato, R. R. 66, 1.—

mun-dĭter, cleanly, neatly.

Lit.:

cum sedulo munditer nos habeamus,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 26.—

Trop., decently, with propriety:

dicere,

App. Mag. p. 296, 14.

mundus, i, m. ( neutr. collat. form, mundum: legavit quidam uxori mundum omne penumque, all her toilet, Lucil. ap. Gell. 4, 1, 3, and ap. Non. 214, 17) [1. mundus], toilet ornaments, decorations, dress (of a woman).

Lit.:

mundus muliebris est, quo mulier mundior fit: continentur eo specula, matulae, unguenta, vasa unguentaria, et si qua similia dici possunt, veluti lavatio, riscus... Unguenta, quibus valetudinis causā unguimur, mundo non continentur,

Dig. 34, 2, 25:

munditiae et ornatus et cultus, haec feminarum insignia sunt: hunc mundum muliebrem appellārunt majores nostri,

Liv. 34, 7, 9: virginalis, Att. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 142 Müll.:

quamvis auro, veste, gemmis, omnique cetero mundo exornata mulier incedat,

App. M. 2, p. 118. —

Transf.

In gen., an implement (ante- and post-class.):

operae messoriae mundus,

implements for the harvest work, App. M. 6 init.:

Cereris,

the mystical casket of Ceres, id. Mag. p. 282 (the expression in mundo esse and habere belongs to the adj. mundus, v. mundus, II. B.).—

Like the Gr. kosmos, the universe, the world, esp. the heavens and the heavenly bodies: ut hunc hac varietate distinctum bene Graeci kosmon, nos lucentem mundum nominaremus, the heavens, Cic. Univ. 10: nam quem kosmos Graeci, nomine ornamenti appellaverunt. eum nos a perfectā absolutāque elegantiā, mundum, Plin. 2, 4, 3, § 8: concussit micantia sidera mundus, heaven shook, Cat. 64, 206:

aetherius,

Tib. 3, 4, 17:

arduus,

Verg. G. 1, 240:

aestuat infelix angusto limite mundi,

Juv. 10, 169. Also: mundus caeli, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Sat. v. 10, p. 156 Vahl.):

o clarissima mundi Lumina,

Verg. G. 1, 5 sq.:

immensi copia mundi,

Ov. M. 2, 157:

ipse mundus deorum hominumque causā factus est...Est enim mundus quasi communis deorum atque hominum domus, aut urbs utrorumque,

the world, Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 154:

innumerabiles,

id. Ac. 2, 17, 55:

e tabulā pictos ediscere mundos,

parts of the world, Prop. 5, 3, 37.—

Transf.

The world, i. e. the earth, the inhabitants of the earth, mankind ( poet.):

quicumque mundo terminus obstitit,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 53:

spes miseri mundi,

Luc. 5, 469; Stat. S. 3, 3, 87:

fastos evolvere mundi,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 112:

mundum laedere,

mankind, Claud. Ruf. 1, 87:

nullā in parte mundi cessat ebrietas,

Plin. 14, 22, 29, § 149; 30, 1, 2, § 8; Flor. 2, 12, 1; Just. 30, 4, 9:

(Alexander) scrutatur maria ignota, et, ut ita dicam, mundi claustra perrumpit,

Sen. Ep. 119, 7:

mundi principio,

Juv. 15, 147.—

The heavens, i. e. the sky, the weather (post-class.):

tepida indulget terris clementia mundi,

Grat. Fal. 288:

ad Eoos tractūs mundique teporem,

Luc. 8, 365.—

The sun (perh. only in Manilius):

quā mundus redit,

Manil. Astron. 1, 36; id. ib. 3, 591.—

Euphemistically for the Lower World, the infernal regions. The opening into this mundus was at Rome, in the Comitium, and was kept covered with a stone (lapis manalis); three times in the year, on the 24th of August, the 5th of October, and the 8th of November, days sacred to the gods of the infernal regions, this round pit was opened, and all sorts of fruits were thrown into it as offerings, Varr. ap. Macr. S. 1, 16, 18; Paul. ex Fest. s. v mundus, p. 154 Müll., and s. v. manalem lapidem, p. 128 ib.—

Esp. (eccl. Lat.), the world as opposed to the church; this world, the realm of sin and death, as opposed to Christ's kingdom of holiness and life:

non pro mundo rogo,

Vulg. Johan. 17, 9:

de mundo non sunt,

id. ib. 17, 16:

princeps hujus mundi (i. e. Satan),

id. ib. 12, 31;

14, 30: regnum meum non est de hoc mundo,

id. ib. 18, 36; cf. id. Eph. 2, 2; 6, 12.

ordĭor, orsus, 4 ( fut. ordibor for ordiar: non parvam rem ordibor, Att. ap. Non. 39, 22; part. perf. orditus, Sid. Ep. 2, 9; Vulg. Isa. 25, 7), v. dep., lit., to begin a web, to lay the warp; hence, also, in gen., to begin, undertake a thing:

ordiri est rei principium facere, unde et togae vocantur exordiae,

Fest. p. 185 Müll.; cf. Isid. 19, 29, 7:

telam,

Hier. in Isa. 9, 30, v. 1; Vulg. Isa. 25, 7.

Lit., to begin to weave a web, to weave, spin:

araneus orditur telas,

Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 80.—So of the Fates:

Lachesis plenā orditur manu,

Sen. Apoc. 4:

(Parca) hominis vitam orditur,

Lact. 2, 10, 20.—

In gen., to begin, commence, set about, undertake (class.; syn.: incipio, incoho, infit); constr. with acc., de, inf., or absol.

With acc.:

reliquas res,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 2:

alterius vitae quoddam initium ordimur,

id. Att. 4, 1:

reliquos,

to relate, describe, Nep. Alc. 11, 6:

querelae ab initio tantae ordiendae rei absint. Liv. praef. § 12: majorem orsa furorem,

Verg. A. 7, 386.—

With de:

paulo altius de re ordiri,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105.—

With inf.:

ea, de quā disputare ordimur,

Cic. Brut. 6, 22:

cum adulescens orsus esset in foro dicere,

id. ib. 88, 301:

cum sic orsa loqui vates,

Verg. A. 6, 125:

et orsa est Dicere Leuconoë,

Ov. M. 4, 167:

tunc sic orsa loqui,

id. ib. 4, 320.—

Absol., to begin, commence, set out, take or have a beginning:

unde est orsa, in eodem terminetur oratio,

Cic. Marcell. 11, 33: Veneris contra sic filius orsus, thus began (to speak), Verg. A. 1, 325:

sic Juppiter orsus,

id. ib. 12, 806; so commonly with specification of the point from which:

unde ordiri rectius possumus quam a naturā?

Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 37 init.:

a principio,

id. Phil. 2, 18, 44:

a facillimis,

id. Fin. 1, 5, 13:

a capite,

Plin. 25, 11, 83, § 132.—

Of things or subjects, to begin, to be begun (where the verb may be taken in pass. sense):

tormina ab atrā bile orsa mortifera sunt,

Cels. 2, 8:

cum ex depressiore loco fuerint orsa fundamenta,

Col. 1, 5, 9: sed ab initio est ordiendus (Themistocles), i. e. I must begin ( his life) at the beginning, Nep. Them. 1, 2; cf.:

ab eo nobis causa ordienda est,

Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21.

sŭper-sĕdĕo, sēdi, sessum, 2, v. n. and a., to sit upon or above.

Lit. (very rare;

not in Cic. or Cæs.): eques Romanus elephanto supersedens,

Suet. Ner. 11:

tentorio (aquila),

id. Aug. 96:

corio (damnati),

Amm. 23, 6, 82:

utribus,

id. 25, 8, 2.—With acc.:

ansam (aspis),

App. M. 11, p. 262, 29. —

Trop.

To preside over:

vilicus litibus familiae supersedeat,

i. e. decide them, Cato, R. R. 5, 1.—

To be above or superior to, to forbear, to refrain or desist from, to pass, omit (the predom. and class. signif.); constr. usu. with abl., less freq. with dat., acc., or inf.

With abl.:

ita censeo facias, ut supersedeas hoc labore itineris, Cic Fam. 4, 2, 4: proelio,

Caes. B. G. 2, 8:

istis rebus,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 37:

istis verbis,

id. Poen. 1, 3, 5: nuptiis, Turp. ap. Non. 40, 8 (Com. Rel. v. 163 Rib.):

commode principio,

Auct. Her. 3, 9, 17 et saep.— Impers. pass.:

posse complexione supersederi,

Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 72:

supersederi litibus et jurgiis,

Liv. 38, 51, 8:

divinis rebus,

id. 6, 1, 12:

tributo ac delectu supersessum est,

id. 7, 27, 4:

quod cum acciderit, omnino oratione supersedendum est,

Cic. Inv. 1, 21, 30:

supersedendum multitudine verborum,

id. ib. 1, 20, 28:

complexione,

Auct. Her. 2, 19, 30.—

With dat.:

pugnae, Auct. B. Afr. 75, 2: maledicto,

App. Mag. p. 285, 19.—

With acc.:

operam,

Gell. 2, 29, 13.— Pass.:

haec causa non visa est supersedenda,

Auct. Her. 2, 17, 26:

istis omnibus supersessis,

App. Flor. p. 359, 9.—

With inf.: de virtute eorum accusanda proloqui supersederunt, Sisenn. ap. Non. 40, 11:

supersedissem loqui apud vos,

Liv. 21, 40, 1:

certare,

id. 4, 7, 8; 34, 59, 2: quae in vulgus edita ejus verbis invertere supersedeo, Tac A. 15, 63 fin.:

scribere,

Plin. Ep. 5, 7, 5:

castigare territos,

Curt. 5, 6, 14:

spectare supersedit,

Suet. Tit. 7:

deflectere ad visendum Apin supersedit,

id. Aug. 93:

ut venire supersedeant,

Val. Max. 2, 8, 6.