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81 ♦ wall
♦ wall /wɔ:l/n.1 muro; muraglia; muraglione; parete: (edil.) bearing wall, muro portante; boundary wall, muro di cinta; main wall, muro maestro; an exterior wall, un muro esterno; a wall of fire, una muraglia di fiamme; the wall of the park, il muraglione del parco; the town walls, le mura della città; le mura cittadine; She covered the walls with very nice paper, ha ricoperto le pareti di una carta bellissima7 ( calcio) barriera ( formata dai difensori): to shoot straight into the wall, tirare direttamente sulla barriera difensiva8 ( calcio, ecc.) sponda; giocatore che riceve un passaggio: wall pass, tiro di sponda; uno-due; triangolazione● (edil.) wall anchor, grappa □ ( ginnastica) wall bars, spalliera svedese □ wall bed, letto a scomparsa nella parete □ wall bracket mensola a muro □ wall climbing, scalata di pareti di roccia; ( sport) la roccia □ wall clock, orologio da muro □ (med.) wall eye, occhio affetto da leucoma della cornea; ( anche) occhio affetto da strabismo divergente □ (med.) wall-eyed, affetto da leucoma della cornea; ( anche) affetto da strabismo divergente, strabico □ wall fruit, frutto di spalliera □ (bot.) wall germander ( Teucrium chamaedrys), camedrio; (erba) querciola □ wall knot, nodo a piede di pollo □ (edil.) wall light point, punto luce per applique □ (edil.) wall lining, rivestimento dei muri □ (zool.) wall lizard ( Lacerta muralis), lucertola comune □ (edil.) wall-mounted, a muro: a wall-mounted telephone, un telefono a muro □ wall newspaper, giornale murale □ (elettr., edil.) wall outlet, presa a muro □ ( arte) wall painting, pittura murale □ (bot.) wall-pepper ( Sedum acre), erba pignola; borraccina □ wall-plate, (edil.) banchina, piano di posa; (elettr.) mostrina ( per presa da incasso); (mecc.) piastra a muro da fissaggio □ (geol.) wall rock, roccia incassante □ (bot.) wall-rue ( Asplenium ruta-muraria), ruta muraria □ wall safe, cassaforte a muro □ (geol.) wall-sided glacier, ghiacciaio vallivo □ (elettr., edil.) wall socket, presa a muro □ ( USA) wall tent, tenda da campo ( con pareti verticali) □ (edil.) wall tie, ferro d'ancoraggio; catena (fam.) □ (edil.) wall tile, piastrella per rivestimenti □ (edil.) wall tiling, piastrellatura delle pareti □ ( di tappeto) wall-to-wall, che va da un'estremità all'altra ( della stanza, ecc.); (fig.) onnipresente, che è dovunque □ ( USA) wall-to-wall carpet (o carpeting), moquette □ wall tree, albero di spalliera □ wall unit, pensile ( mobiletto da cucina) □ (fig.) to drive (o to push) sb. to the wall, mettere q. con le spalle al muro □ (fig. slang) to drive sb. up the wall, fare ammattire (o arrabbiare) q. □ dry-stone wall, muro a secco □ (stor.) to give sb. the wall, cedere il passo a q. ( per strada) □ (fig.) to go to the wall, avere la peggio; fallire; far fiasco □ (fig. slang) to go up the wall, andare su tutte le furie □ (geogr.) the Great Wall of China, la Grande Muraglia Cinese □ ( slang) to be off the wall, ( di una persona) essere matto (o pazzoide, svitato, scentrato); ( di una cosa) essere folle, essere assurdo □ (fig.) to run (o to bang) one's head against a ( brick) wall, battere il capo nel muro; dar la testa contro il muro □ sea wall, diga foranea; frangiflutti □ (fig.) to see through a brick wall, essere assai perspicace □ (stor.) to take the wall of sb., non cedere il passo a q. ( per strada) □ (fam.) to be up the wall, essere furibondo; essere fuori dei gangheri (fam.) □ (fig.) to be with one's back to the wall, essere con le spalle al muro; essere alle strette □ Be careful, walls have ears, sta' attento, i muri hanno orecchi.(to) wall /wɔ:l/v. t.murare; cingere di mura; proteggere con mura. -
82 sensor
датчик; прибор [средство] обнаружения; приемник сигналов; ( разведывательно-) сигнализационный датчик [прибор]; обнаруживать; см. тж. detectorover-the-hill operation (surveillance) sensor — прибор обнаружения, забрасываемый на территорию противника
— laser illumination sensor— remotely monitored sensor* * * -
83 roof
nCOAL bóveda f, roca del techo fCONST of tunnel, cave techumbre f, top of building techo m, exterior upper covering of building tejado mMINE bóveda f, roca del techo fPROD of fire box cielo mRAIL, VEH techo m -
84 surface
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85 paint
1) краска; окраска2) ( сухой) пигмент4) красить; окрашивать; раскрашивать•- acid-resistant paint - acoustic paint - aerosol spray-on paint - alkyd paint - aluminium paint - anticondensation paint - anticorrosive paint - antifouling paint - asbest-based paint - asbestos paint - bactericidal paint - bituminous paint - boiled oil paint - brick and concrete paint - brineproof paint - building paint - cement paint - cement-water paint - chameleon paint - coloured paint - commercial paint - concrete paint - construction paint - daylight luminous paint - decorative paint - disinfectant paint - distemper paint - emulsion paint - enamel paint - engineer's paint - epoxy paint - exterior house paint - fatty paint - finishing paint - fire-retardant paint - gloss paint - gouache paint - ground coat paint - heat indicating paint - heat resistant paint - heavy-bodied paint - hiding paint - house paint - indelible paint - indoor paint - insecticidal paint - latex paint - lead paint - luminous paint - masking paint - mineral paint - natural paint - neoprene paint - oil-base paint - opaque paint - outdoor paint - oven-baked polyester paint - paste paint - prepared paint - prime paint - priming paint - protection paint - quick-drying paint - quickly-drying paint - ready-mixed paint - red-lead paint - reflectorized paint - road paint - roadway paint - roof paint - sample paints - ship bottom paint - shop paint - sound-deadening paint - thermosensitive paint - traffic paint - varnish paint - vinyl paint - water paint - watercolour paint - waterglass paint - water-thinned paint - waterproof paint - weatherproof paint - white-lead paint - wood paintto formulate paint — составлять краску, подбирать колер
* * *краска, красящий состав- absorbent paintpaints mixed on the site — краски, приготовленные на стройплощадке
- acid-resistant paint
- acoustical paint
- acoustic paint
- aerosol paint
- alkali-resistant paint
- alkyd paint
- aluminum paint
- anechoic paint
- anticondensation paint
- anticorrosive paint
- antifouling paint
- antinoise paint
- antirust paint
- antislip paint
- asbest-base paint
- asphalt paint
- bactericidal paint
- bitumastic paint
- bitumen paint
- casein paint
- cement paint
- ceramic paint
- chlorinated rubber paint
- concrete paint
- emulsion paint
- enamel paint
- epoxy paint
- fast-to-light paint
- fatty paint
- fire-retardant paint
- flat paint
- floor paint
- fluorescent paint
- gloss paint
- glue water paint
- graphite paint
- gun-sprayed paint
- heat-resistant paint
- heavy-bodied paint
- latex emulsion paint
- linseed oil paint
- luminous paint
- marine paint
- metallic paint
- microporous paint
- neoprene paint
- oil paint
- paste paint
- phenolic paint
- quick-drying paint
- ready-mixed paint
- ready-mix paint
- red lead paint
- resin emulsion paint
- roof paint
- rubber-emulsion paint
- silicate paint
- size paint
- sound-absorbing paint
- traffic paint
- trim paint
- two-coat paint
- vinyl paint
- water base paint
- water paint
- water glass paint
- waterproof paint
- white paint
- white lead paint
- white lime paint
- wood paint
- zinc-rich paint -
86 rivestimento
m—FRA revêtement m de plancherDEU Fußbodenbelag mENG floor coveringITA rivestimento m del pavimentoRUS покрытие n поласм. поз. 923 наrivestimento della carcassaelastica
—FRA enveloppe f de carcasse èlastiqueDEU Überzug mITA rivestimento m della carcassaelasticaPLN obicie n oparciaRUS чехол mсм. поз. 1737 на—FRA revêtement m de toitureDEU Dachdecke fENG roof coveringITA rivestimento m dell'imperialePLN pokrycie n dachuRUS лист m крышисм. поз. 995 наrivestimento dell'imperiale (lega leggera)
—FRA revêtement f de toiture (alliage léger)ITA rivestimento m dell'imperiale (lega leggera)PLN blacha f dachowa (alummiowa)RUS лист m крыши, алюминиевыйсм. поз. 998 на—FRA revêtement m de dossierDEU Bezug mITA rivestimento m dello schienaleRUS обивка f, верхняясм. поз. 1736 наrivestimento di carro refrigerante
—FRA revêtement m de wagon réfrigérantDEU Isolierungsaufbau m des KühlwagensITA rivestimento m di carro refrigerantePLN izolacja f wagonu chłodniRUS изоляция f вагона-холодильникасм. поз. 1015 наrivestimento di parete in legno
—FRA panneautage f de paroi en boisDEU Wandbekleidung f, hölzerneITA rivestimento m di parete in legnoRUS обшивка f стены вагона, деревянная—FRA revêtement m extérieurDEU Außenbekleidung fITA rivestimento m esternoPLN płycina f zewnętrzna drzwiRUS обшивка f двери, наружнаясм. поз. 1223 наrivestimento esterno (lamiera di acciaio)
—FRA revêtement m extérieur (tôle f d’acier)DEU Außenbekleidung f (Stahlblech m)ITA rivestimento m esterno (lamiera f di acciaio)PLN poszycie n zewnętrzne (blacha f stalowa)RUS обшивка f стен, наружная из стальных листовсм. поз. 1017 на—FRA habillage m en boisDEU Holzauskleidung fENG timber coverITA rivestimento m in legnoPLN wykładzina f drewnianaRUS обшивка f, деревяннаясм. поз. 2063 наrivestimento in materia plastica
—FRA revêtement m plastiqueDEU Zwischenlage f, plastischeENG plastic liningITA rivestimento m in materia plasticaPLN przekładka f z materiału plastycznegoRUS облицовка f, пластмассоваясм. поз. 953 наrivestimento interno del tetto (lamiera d'alluminio)
—FRA revêtement m intérieur de plafond (tôle f d’aluminium)DEU Decke f (Alublech n)ITA rivestimento m interno del tetto (lamiera f d'alluminio)PLN sufit m (blacha f aluminiowa)RUS обшивка f потолка из алюминиевых оксидированных листовсм. поз. 1016 наrivestimento interno della parete (lamiera ondulata di alluminio)
—FRA revêtement m intérieur de paroi (tôle f ondulée d’aluminium)DEU Innenbekleidung f (Aluwellblech m)ITA rivestimento m interno della parete (lamiera f ondulata di alluminio)PLN pokrycie n wewnętrzne ściany (blacha f aluminiowa falista)RUS обшивка f стен, внутренняя из алюминиевых гофрированных листовсм. поз. 1019 на—FRA revêtement m isolantDEU Wärmeschutzfolie fITA rivestimento m isolantePLN otulina f izolacjiRUS фольга f, теплоизоляционнаясм. поз. 904 наFRA enveloppe f calorifugeDEU Wärmeschutzmatte fITA rivestimento m isolantePLN otulina fRUS изоляция fсм. поз. 2312 наFRA enveloppe f calorifugeDEU Platte f aus IsolierstoffITA rivestimento m isolantePLN otulina f, izolacja fRUS изоляция f, тепловаясм. поз. 2411 наrivestimento isolante del collettore
—FRA enveloppe f calorifuge du collecteurDEU Isolierung f für LuftsammlerITA rivestimento m isolante del collettorePLN otulina f komory powietrznejRUS изоляция f воздухосборникасм. поз. 2415 наrivestimento isolante spruzzato
—FRA revêtement m isolant projetéDEU Isolierung f, gespritzteITA rivestimento m isolante spruzzatoPLN izolacja f cieplna (dachu)RUS теплоизоляция fсм. поз. 940 на—FRA revêtement m latéralDEU Seitenverkleidung fENG side upholsteryITA rivestimento m lateraleRUS обивка f, боковаясм. поз. 1739 на -
87 front
1. n перёд; передняя сторона2. n передний план3. n фасад; сторонаfront elevation — передний фасад, вид спереди
4. n поэт. ритор. лоб, чело; лик5. n разг. лицоinner front hang — вис на в.ж. лицом наружу между жердями
6. n фронт, объединение, сплочённость7. n прибрежная полосаshore front — прибрежная полоса; берег
8. n набережная; приморский бульвар9. n накрахмаленная манишка10. n накладка из волос11. n геол. фас сброса12. a переднийfront tooth — передний зуб, резец
front door — парадная дверь, парадное
13. v выходить на, быть обращённым на14. v находиться, быть расположенным перед, впередиclosed front tower — матча, закрытая спереди
15. v украшать фасад16. v служить фасадом, «крышей»17. v арх. поэт. встречать лицом к лицуСинонимический ряд:1. beginning (adj.) beginning; first; initial2. anterior (noun) anterior; forepart3. blind (noun) blind; camouflage; cover4. effrontery (noun) assurance; effrontery; rudeness5. face (noun) cloak; color; coloring; colour; colouring; disguise; disguisement; face; false front; frontal; gloss; guise; mask; masquerade; muffler; pretence; pretext; put-on; semblance; show; veil; veneer; window dressing; window-dressing6. forehead (noun) brow; forehead; frons7. frontage (noun) appearance; exterior; facade; foreground; frontage; obverse; pretense8. mien (noun) aspect; carriage; countenance; demeanor; demeanour; expression; mien; port; presence9. prow (noun) beak; bow; bowsprit; jib; nose; prow; rostrum; stem10. vanguard (noun) front line; outpost; van; vanguard11. conceal (verb) conceal; cover; disguise; mask12. encounter (verb) accost; confront; encounter; look on13. face (verb) beard; brave; challenge; dare; defy; face; look; outdare; outface; venture14. meet (verb) close; meet15. veneer (verb) border; overlay; veneerАнтонимический ряд:astern; back; final; posterior; rear; reveal -
88 лак
м. varnish; lacquerбесцветный лак — clear varnish; clear lacquer
защитный лак — protective varnish; stop-off lacquer
покровный лак — coating varnish; overprint varnish
-
89 Perret, Auguste
[br]b. 12 February 1874 Ixelles, near Brussels, Belgiumd. 26 February 1954 Le Havre (?), France[br]French architect who pioneered and established building design in reinforced concrete in a style suited to the modern movement.[br]Auguste Perret belonged to the family contracting firm of A. \& G.Perret, which early specialized in the use of reinforced concrete. His eight-storey building at 25 bis Rue Franklin in Paris, built in 1902–3, was the first example of frame construction in this material and established its viability for structural design. Both ground plan and façade are uncompromisingly modern, the simplicity of the latter being relieved by unobtrusive faience decoration. The two upper floors, which are set back, and the open terrace roof garden set a pattern for future schemes. All of Perret's buildings had reinforced-concrete structures and this was clearly delineated on the façade designs. The concept was uncommon in Europe at the time, when eclecticism still largely ruled, but was derived from the late nineteenth-century skyscraper façades built by Louis Sullivan in America. In 1905–6 came Perret's Garage Ponthieu in Paris; a striking example of exposed concrete, it had a central façade window glazed in modern design in rich colours. By the 1920s ferroconcrete was in more common use, but Perret still led the field in France with his imaginative, bold use of the material. His most original structure is the Church of Notre Dame at Le Raincy on the outskirts of Paris (1922–3). The imposing exterior with its tall tower in diminishing stages is finely designed, but the interior has magnificence. It is a wide, light church, the segmented vaulted roof supported on slender columns. The whole structure is in concrete apart from the glass window panels, which extend the full height of the walls all around the church. They provide a symphony of colour culminating in deep blue behind the altar. Because of the slenderness of the columns and the richness of the glass, this church possesses a spiritual atmosphere and unimpeded sight and sound of and from the altar for everyone. It became the prototype for churches all over Europe for decades, from Moser in prewar Switzerland to Spence's postwar Coventry Cathedral.In a long working life Perret designed buildings for a wide range of purposes, adhering to his preference for ferroconcrete and adapting its use according to each building's needs. In the 1940s he was responsible for the railway station at Amiens, the Atomic Centre at Saclay and, one of his last important works, the redevelopment after wartime damage of the town centre of Le Havre. For the latter, he laid out large open squares enclosed by prefabricated units, which display a certain monotony, despite the imposing town hall and Church of St Joseph in the Place de L'Hôtel de Ville.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsPresident des Réunions Internationales des Architectes. American Society of the French Legion of Honour Gold Medal 1950. Elected after the Second World War to the Institut de France. First President of the International Union of Architects on its creation in 1948. RIBA Royal Gold Medal 1948.Further ReadingP.Blater, 1939, "Work of the architect A.Perret", Architektura SSSR (Moscow) 7:57 (illustrated article).1848 "Auguste Perret: a pioneer in reinforced concrete", Civil Engineers' Review, pp.296–300.Peter Collins, 1959, Concrete: The Vision of a New Architecture: A Study of Auguste Perret and his Precursors, Faber \& Faber.Marcel Zahar, 1959, D'Une Doctrine d'Architecture: Auguste Perret, Paris: Vincent Fréal.DY -
90 lighting
lighting nсветосигнальное оборудованиеaerodrome lightingаэродромное светосигнальное оборудованиеaerodrome security lightingсветосигнальное оборудование аэродрома для обеспечения безопасностиairfield lighting systemсистема светосигнального оборудования летного поляairway lightingсветосигнальное оборудование авиалинииapproach lightingсистема посадочных огнейapproach lighting systemсистема огней подхода(к ВПП) crossbar approach lighting systemсистема световых горизонтов огней подхода(к ВПП) emergency lightingаварийное светосигнальное оборудованиеemergency lighting systemсистема аварийного освещенияexterior lighting systemсистема наружное освещения(посадочные фары, габаритные огни) high-intensity lighting systemсистема огней высокой интенсивности(на аэродроме) inner approach lightingсветосигнальное оборудование ближней зоны приближенияlead-in lighting systemсистема ведущих огней(при заруливании на стоянку) light an engineзапускать двигательlighted signтрафарет с подсветомlighting chargeсбор за освещениеlighting dischargeразряд молнииlighting facilitiesсветотехническое оборудованиеobstacle lightingсистема освещения препятствийprecision approach lighting systemсистема огней точного захода на посадкуrunway lead-in lighting systemсистема огней подхода к ВППrunway lightingсветосигнальное оборудование ВППrunway lighting systemсветосигнальная система ВППrunway lighting unitкомплект светотехнического оборудования ВППsimple approach lighting systemупрощенная система огней подхода(к ВПП) stopway lightingсветосигнальное оборудование концевой полосы торможения
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