essedum

* * *

essĕdārĭus, a, um, adj. [essedum], of or belonging to a war-chariot:

mulier,

Petr. 45, 7.—Hence, as subst.: essedari-us, i, m.

A fighter in a (Gallic or British) war-chariot, Caes. B. G. 4, 24, 1; 5, 15, 1; 5, 19, 1; Cic. Fam. 7, 6 fin. —

In the Roman circus, a gladiator, Petr. 36, 6; Suet. Calig. 35; id. Claud. 21; Inscr. Orell. 2566; v. essedum.

* * *

vēnālis, e, adj. [2. venus], of or belonging to selling, to be sold, for sale, purchasable.

Lit.

In gen.:

aedes,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 67:

aedis venalis hasce inscribit litteris,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 131:

horti,

Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58:

venales ac proscriptae possessiones,

id. Agr. 3, 4, 15:

cibus uno asse,

Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 54:

ut ne opera quidem pistoria proponi venalia sinerent,

Suet. Tib. 34:

essedum,

id. Claud. 16:

cibumque coctum venalem proponi vetuit,

Val. Max. 2, 7, 2:

vox,

i. e. of a public crier, Cic. Quint. 3, 13:

otium non gemmis venale,

Hor. C. 2, 16, 7:

postremo dixisse (Jugurtham), Urbem venalem et mature perituram, si emptorem invenerit,

Sall. J. 35, 10:

ubi non sit, quo deferri possit venale, non expediat colere (hortos),

Varr. R. R. 1, 16, 3:

familia,

i. e. a gang of slaves for sale, Quint. 7, 2, 26.—

In partic.: vēnālis, is, m., a young slave offered for sale, Plaut. Aul. 3, 3, 4; id. Rud. 4, 3, 35; id. Trin. 2, 2, 51 al.; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 146; Sen. Ben. 4, 13, 3; id. Ep. 80, 8; Hor. S. 1, 1, 47; Plin. 35, 17, 57, § 199; cf. Quint. 8, 2, 8.—Hence, Caesărī vēnāles (or as one word, Caesărĭvēnāles), ium, m., a name given to the inhabitants of Castulo, in Spain, Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 25.—

Transf., that can be bought by bribes or presents, venal:

quae ipse semper habuit venalia, fidem, jus jurandum, veritatem, officium, religionem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 144:

fidem cum proposuisses venalem in provinciā,

id. ib. 2, 2, 32, §

78: juris dictio,

id. ib. 2, 2, 48, §

119: multitudo pretio,

Liv. 35, 50, 4:

amicae ad munus,

Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 21:

cena,

Mart. 3, 60, 1:

animae,

Sil. 15, 500:

amici,

Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.

vēnālis, e, adj. [2. venus], of or belonging to selling, to be sold, for sale, purchasable.

Lit.

In gen.:

aedes,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 67:

aedis venalis hasce inscribit litteris,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 131:

horti,

Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58:

venales ac proscriptae possessiones,

id. Agr. 3, 4, 15:

cibus uno asse,

Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 54:

ut ne opera quidem pistoria proponi venalia sinerent,

Suet. Tib. 34:

essedum,

id. Claud. 16:

cibumque coctum venalem proponi vetuit,

Val. Max. 2, 7, 2:

vox,

i. e. of a public crier, Cic. Quint. 3, 13:

otium non gemmis venale,

Hor. C. 2, 16, 7:

postremo dixisse (Jugurtham), Urbem venalem et mature perituram, si emptorem invenerit,

Sall. J. 35, 10:

ubi non sit, quo deferri possit venale, non expediat colere (hortos),

Varr. R. R. 1, 16, 3:

familia,

i. e. a gang of slaves for sale, Quint. 7, 2, 26.—

In partic.: vēnālis, is, m., a young slave offered for sale, Plaut. Aul. 3, 3, 4; id. Rud. 4, 3, 35; id. Trin. 2, 2, 51 al.; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 146; Sen. Ben. 4, 13, 3; id. Ep. 80, 8; Hor. S. 1, 1, 47; Plin. 35, 17, 57, § 199; cf. Quint. 8, 2, 8.—Hence, Caesărī vēnāles (or as one word, Caesărĭvēnāles), ium, m., a name given to the inhabitants of Castulo, in Spain, Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 25.—

Transf., that can be bought by bribes or presents, venal:

quae ipse semper habuit venalia, fidem, jus jurandum, veritatem, officium, religionem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 144:

fidem cum proposuisses venalem in provinciā,

id. ib. 2, 2, 32, §

78: juris dictio,

id. ib. 2, 2, 48, §

119: multitudo pretio,

Liv. 35, 50, 4:

amicae ad munus,

Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 21:

cena,

Mart. 3, 60, 1:

animae,

Sil. 15, 500:

amici,

Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.

con-cĭdo, cĭdi, 3, v. n. [cado], to fall together, to fall down, to tumble to the ground (class. in prose and poetry).

In gen., of buildings:

conclave illud concidit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 353:

navis veluti terrestre machinamentum,

Tac. A. 14, 6:

turris terrae motu,

Suet. Tib. 74; cf.:

urbs acerbissimo concidat incendio conflagrata,

Auct. Her. 4, 8, 12.—Of other objects:

omne caelum,

Cic. Rep. 6, 25, 27:

ipse et equus ejus ante signum Jovis concidit,

id. Div. 1, 35, 77:

(alces) infirmas arbores pondere adfligunt atque unā ipsae concidunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 27:

pinus bipenni Thessalā,

Phaedr. 4, 7, 7:

ad terram pondere vasto,

Verg. A. 5, 448:

sub onere,

Liv. 24, 8, 17:

pronus in fimo,

Verg. A. 5, 333 al. —

Pregn.

To fall down faint or lifeless, to fall in battle or combat (cf. cado, I. B. 2.): concidit, et sonitum simul insuper arma dederunt, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 396 Vahl.):

paene in cursu concidi,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 16:

vi morbi coactus concidere,

Lucr. 3, 488; cf.:

accesserat ad religionem, quod consul concidit, et parte membrorum captus, etc.,

Liv. 41, 16, 3; 10, 29, 7; cf. Lucr. 6, 759:

Entellus concidit, ut quondam cava concidit... pinus,

Verg. A. 5, 448; Ov. M. 7, 538:

sanus bibit, statim concidit,

Quint. 4, 2, 54; cf.:

concidere epoto poculo,

id. 5, 13, 15; and:

ad primum gustum,

Suet. Ner. 33:

deficientibus viribus,

id. Tib. 73:

par quoddam (gladiatorum) mutuis ictibus,

id. Claud. 34; cf. Ov. M. 5, 77:

Dido usa manu,

id. H. 7, 196:

sparo percussus,

Nep. Epam. 9, 1:

in proelio,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 37, 89:

vitio adversariorum,

Nep. Ages. 5, 2.—Of game:

multaeque per herbas Conciderant illo percutiente ferae,

Ov. H. 4, 94.—Of victims, to be slaughtered or slain, to fall:

vitulus... propter mactatus concidit aras,

Lucr. 2, 353; Tib. 1, 2, 62; Ov. M. 8, 764; 10, 272;

hence also of Iphigenia,

Lucr. 1, 99.—

Trop. (cf. cado, II.), to lose strength, value, etc., to fall to the earth, to be overthrown, to fail, be defeated, to decay, perish, fall, to go to ruin, waste away, cease; of the wind, to fall, subside, go down:

concidunt venti,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 30; Lucr. 4, 509. —Of a flame:

jam illa flamma, quae magnā congerie convaluerat, diductis quibus alebatur, concidet,

Quint. 5, 13, 13; cf. in a figure: nonne, ut ignis in aquam conjectus continuo restinguitur et refrigeratur, sic refervens falsum crimen in purissimam et castissimam vitam collatum statim concidit et restinguitur? Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 17:

macie,

to shrink together, shrivel up, Ov. H. 21, 215:

illas assumere robora gentes, Concidere has,

id. M. 15, 422; cf.:

concidit auguris Argivi domus,

Hor. C. 3, 16, 11:

quā concidit Ilia tellus,

Verg. A. 11, 245:

eodem anno, quo Carthago concidit,

Vell. 1, 13:

judicum vocibus fractus reus et unā patroni omnes conciderunt,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 5; cf. id. ib. §

10: ecquis umquam tam ex amplo statu concidit?

id. ib. 3, 10, 2:

malas causas semper obtinuit, in optimā concidit,

id. ib. 7, 25 med.:

concidit (Phocion) maxime uno crimine, quod, etc.,

Nep. Phoc. 2, 4; Tac. A. 16, 21; cf.:

Tiberii saevitiā,

id. ib. 16, 29:

hostes concidunt animis,

are disheartened, Hirt. B. G. 8, 19; cf. Cic. Div. 2, 58, 119:

scimus Romae solutione impeditā fidem concidisse,

failed, was prostrated, id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 19 fin.:

opes Persarum,

Tac. A. 12, 13:

senatūs auctoritas,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 7; cf.:

imperii majestas,

Nep. Pelop. 2, 4; Cic. Or. 43, 148:

artificia,

id. Ac. 2, 47, 146:

praeclara nomina artificum,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 12:

omnis ferocia,

Liv. 28, 26, 14:

bellum,

Tac. H. 2, 57 al.

con-cīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to cut up, cut through, cut away, cut to pieces, to bring to ruin, destroy, etc. (class. in prose and poetry).

Prop.

In gen.:

nervos,

Cic. Fl. 30, 73:

corpus in partes,

Petr. 141, 2:

vitulum Ajax,

id. 59 fin.:

ligna,

Ov. F. 2, 647:

agrum umidiorem fossis,

Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 47:

concidere et cremare naves,

to break up, Liv. 38, 39, 2:

essedum argenteum,

Suet. Claud. 16:

haec minute,

Col. 12, 22.—

In partic.

To cut to pieces, for to beat severely, cudgel soundly:

aliquem virgis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 122:

loris,

Juv. 6, 413:

pugnis,

id. 3, 300.—

To cut to pieces in war, to cut down, destroy, kill:

hi novissimos adorti magnam multitudinem eorum fugientium conciderunt,

Caes. B. G. 2, 11:

eos inopinantes adgressus magnam partem eorum concidit,

id. ib. 1, 12; so Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9; id. Att. 5, 16, 4; Nep. Dion, 10, 1; id. Dat. 6, 6; id. Hann. 3, 4.—

In mal. part. (cf. caedo, I. B. 3.), to lie with, Pompon. ap. Non. p. 166, 2;

hence caede, concide, in a double sense as an address to gladiators,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 66, § 155 Zumpt; cf. Lampr. Elag. 10. —

Trop.

Of discourse, to divide minutely, dismember, render feeble:

nec minutos numeros sequens concidat delumbetque sententias,

Cic. Or. 69, 231; cf.:

(sunt qui) infringendis concidendisque numeris in quoddam genus abjectum incidant,

id. ib. 69, 230; so also Quint. praef. § 24; cf. id. 3, 11, 21; 5, 10, 91; 11, 3, 53 al.—

To strike down, to prostrate, ruin, destroy, annul, by word or deed:

omnem auctoritatem universi ordinis,

Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 4:

Antonium decretis vestris,

id. Phil. 5, 11, 28:

Vatinium arbitratu nostro,

to annihilate, id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 1; cf.:

Sevius adlisus est, ceteri conciduntur,

are condemned, id. ib. 2, 4, 6:

Timocraten totis voluminibus,

to confute, id. N. D. 1, 33, 93:

testamentum,

to revoke, Dig. 28, 4, 1.—

In Plaut., to deceive, cheat, defraud:

em istic homo te articulatim concidit,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 52 Ritschl.—Hence, concīsus, a, um, P. a. (in acc. with II. A.), divided, broken up, short, concise:

sententiae,

Cic. Brut. 17, 66:

concisae et angustae disputationes,

id. de Or. 2, 14, 61:

brevitas,

id. ib. 3, 53, 202:

brevia illa atque concisa,

Quint. 10, 7, 10; cf.

thus with brevis,

id. 6, 4, 2; and (opp. perpetuus) id. 2, 20, 7; 2, 21, 13; Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 327.— Transf. of the orator Thrasymachus, Cic. Or. 13, 40.— Comp.:

insonuerit vox tubae longior atque concisior,

Vulg. Jos. 6, 5.— Adv.: concīsē, briefly, concisely:

(philosophia) non tam est minute atque concise in actionibus utendum, etc.,

Quint. 12, 2, 11:

ululare,

Vulg. Num. 10, 7.

cōram, adv. and prep. [prob. kindred with ōs, ōris].

Object., in the presence of, before the eyes of, in the face of, before (freq. and class.).

Adv.:

vereor coram in os te laudare amplius,

Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 5:

omnia quae tute dudum coram me incusaveras,

id. Phorm. 5, 8, 21:

coram potius me praesente dixissent,

Cic. Agr. 3, 1, 1:

Manlius quoque ad restituendam aciem se ipse coram offert,

i. e. before the soldiers, Liv. 2, 47, 4:

ut veni coram, singultim pauca locutus,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 56 et saep.:

lenissimum genus admonitionis fuit traditio coram pugillarium,

in their presence, in their own hands, Suet. Aug. 39.—

With gen. (very rare):

coram noxae prehensus,

in the very act, App. M. 9, p. 226 fin. —So in coram with gen. in App. = coram:

omnium,

App. M. 7, p. 197, 21 Oud.; so id. ib. 9, p. 221, 17; 9, p. 223, 32; 10, p. 241, 5.—

Esp., with verbs of command, in one's presence, i. e. on the spot, forthwith (post-Aug.;

mostly in Suet.): clipeos et imagines ejus coram detrahi jubet,

Suet. Dom. 23:

Pinarium... coram confodi imperavit,

id. Aug. 27:

essedum... redimi concidique coram imperavit,

id. Claud. 16 (al. explain coram in all these passages as = coram omnibus, i. e. publicly, openly; cf. palam).—Hence, coram deprehensus = ep autophôrôi, in the very act, App. M. 3, p. 131, 2.—

Prep with abl.

Before the noun:

coram genero meo quae dicere ausus es?

Cic. Pis. 6, 12:

coram frequentissimo legationum conventu,

Nep. Epam. 6, 4; Quint. 6, 3, 47; Tac. A. 4, 75:

coram judicibus,

Suet. Aug. 56:

coram ipso,

id. Tib. 43; so id. ib. 62:

coram populo,

Hor. A. P. 185:

coram latrone,

Juv. 10, 22 al. —

After the noun (freq. in Tac.):

ipso Germanico coram,

Tac. A. 3, 14; so id. ib. 3, 24; 4, 8; 13, 32; Suet. Ner. 33; id. Oth. 1:

te coram,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 95.—

Subject. adv., present in one's own person or presence, personally (very freq. and class.):

quia ted ipsus coram praesens praesentem videt,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 43:

istos rastros... faoito coram ut tradas in manum,

id. Merc. 2, 2, 7:

sine me expurgem atque illum huc coram adducam,

Ter. And. 5, 3, 29:

velut si coram adesset,

Caes. B. G. 1, 32; so,

adesse,

Verg. A. 1, 595:

eadem fere, quae ex nuntiis litteris cognoverat, coram perspicit,

Caes. B. G. 5, 11; so,

opp. letters,

Cic. Att. 1, 20, 1; 7, 3, 12; 12, 1, 2 al.; cf. with abl.:

coram me tecum eadem haec agere saepe conantem deterruit pudor, quae nunc expromam absens audacius,

by word of mouth, id. Fam. 5, 12. 1:

coram cernere letum nati,

Verg. A. 2, 538:

quod coram etiam ex ipso audiebamus,

Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 13:

fidem nec dare nec accipere nisi cum ipso coram duce,

Liv. 28, 17, 8; 28, 18, 7; 36, 11, 1; 43, 5, 6: rexque paterque Audisti coram, nec verbo parcius absens, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 38; Verg. A. 3, 173; Ov. M. 9, 560 et saep.

rĕd-ĭmo, ēmi, emptum, 3, v. a. [emo].

To buy back, repurchase (freq. and class.; syn.: recupero, reparo).

In gen.:

eam (domum) non minoris, quam emit Antonius, redimet,

Cic. Phil. 13, 5, 10:

neque adeo hasce emi mihi — illi redemi rursum,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 145:

aut emendum sibi quod non habebat, aut redimendum quod habebat,

Cic. Sest. 30, 66:

de fundo redimendo,

id. Att. 11, 13, 4:

orabo, ut mihi pallam reddat, quam dudum dedi, Aliam illi redimam meliorem,

will buy in return, Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 115; 4, 3, 6; cf. Plin. 6, 28, 32, § 162.—

In partic., to buy back, ransom, release, redeem a prisoner, slave, etc.: Li. Tu redimes me, si me hostes interceperint? De. Redimam, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 93; Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 29:

ut is homo redimatur illi,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 91; cf. id. Merc. 3, 1, 31:

captos, captivos ab hoste, a praedonibus, etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 16, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 90; cf.:

haec benignitas, redimi e servitute captos,

id. Off. 2, 18, 63; Plaut. Pers. 4, 6, 14:

servi in publicum redempti ac manumissi,

ransomed, liberated at public cost, Liv. 26, 27:

me raptum pugnā pretiove redemptum Mandere humo,

Verg. A. 9, 213; Ov. H. 3, 39; id. Am. 1, 8, 63. — Hence,

In gen., to buy off from any thing; to set free, release, rescue:

aliquem a piratis publicā civitatium pecuniā,

Vell. 2, 42, 3:

pecuniā se a judicibus, palam redemerat,

Cic. Mil. 32, 87; cf.:

se ab inquisitoribus pecuniā,

Suet. Caes. 1:

se a Gallis auro,

Liv. 22, 59:

se a cane,

Petr. 72 fin.:

se ab invidiā fortunae,

Plin. 37, 1, 2, § 3:

aliquem suo sanguine ab Acheronte,

Nep. Dion, 10, 2; cf.:

fratrem Pollux alternā morte redemit,

Verg. A. 6, 121:

corpus (sc. a morbo),

Ov. R. Am. 229:

redimite armis civitatem, quam auro majores vestri redemerunt,

Liv. 9, 4, 9; 15, 34, 5: so,

redemit Dominus Jacob,

Vulg. Jer. 31, 11; id. 1 Pet. 1, 18 et saep. —

Lit.

In gen. (rare):

statim redemi fundos omnes, qui patroni mei fuerant,

Petr. 7:

essedum sumptuose fabricatum,

Suet. Claud. 16:

libros suppressos,

id. Gram. 8.—

Of persons, to hire, bribe:

auditores conducti et redempti,

Plin. Ep. 2, 14, 4; so,

plausor redemptus,

Petr. 5, 8:

tutor aut curator redemptus,

Cod. Just. 5, 1, 4:

aemuli corrupti ac redempti,

ib. 10, 54.— More freq. and class.,

In partic., a mercant. and jurid. t. t., to take or undertake by contract; to hire, farm, etc.:

Dumnorigem portoria reliquaque omnia Aeduorum vectigalia parvo pretio redempta habere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Varr. L. L. 6, § 92 Müll.; cf.:

picarias de censoribus,

Cic. Brut. 22, 85:

opus,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 141:

istum eripiendum,

id. ib. 2, 1, 11, §

31: vestimenta texenda vel insulam, vel navem fabricandam,

Dig. 7, 8, 12 fin.:

litem,

to undertake, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 35.— Esp., in law, t. t., to undertake the risk of a suit for a consideration (which was held dishonorable;

opp. to the authorized stipulation of a fee): litem te redemisse contra bonos mores,

Cod. Just. 2, 12, 15; cf.

also: redimit eventum litium majoris pecuniae praemio contra bonos mores (procurator),

Dig. 17, 1, 7:

qui alios actionum suarum redimunt exactores,

i. e. who engage persons to undertake their suits in their own names, Cod. Just. 2, 13, 2; so ib. 2, 13, 1; cf., respecting redimere litem, Mühlenbruch, Die Lehre von der Cession, p. 362 sq.—

Trop., to buy, purchase.

To gain, acquire, obtain, procure any thing desirable:

ut ab eo (praetore) servorum sceleris conjurationisque damnatorum vita vel ipso carnifice internuncio redimeretur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 6, § 14:

ego vitam omnium civium... quinque hominum amentium ac perditorum poenā redemi,

id. Sull. 11, 33: non vitam liberum sed mortis celeritatem pretio, id. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 119:

sepeliendi potestatem pretio,

id. ib.:

pacem sibi sempiternam,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 11, § 34:

pacem Ariovisti ne obsidibus quidem datis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 37:

pacem ab aliquo,

Just. 43, 5, 9:

omnium gratiam atque amicitiam ejus morte,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44 fin.:

militum voluntates largitione,

id. B. C. 1, 39:

primo tantummodo belli moram,

Sall. J. 29, 3:

neve auro redimat jus triste sepulcri,

Ov. M. 13, 472:

mutuam dissimulationem mali,

Tac. Agr. 6:

quidquid homines vel vitā aestimant vel morte redimunt,

Curt. 5, 5, 18; 5, 9, 3.—

To buy off, i. e. to ward off, obviate, avert an evil:

quam (acerbitatem) ego a re publicā meis privatis et domesticis incommodis libentissime redemissem,

Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 4:

haec vero, quae vel vitā redimi recte possunt, aestimare pecuniā non queo,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 9, § 23:

qui se uno quaestu decumarum omnia sua pericula redempturum esse dicebat,

id. ib. 2, 3, 19, §

49: metum virgarum pretio,

id. ib. 2, 5, 44, §

117: ignominiam assiduo labore,

Front. Strat. 4, 1, 21:

bellum ab Illyriis pactā mercede redimere,

Just. 7, 5, 1; cf.

bella,

id. 6, 1, 6; 7, 5, 1; 7, 6, 5:

si mea mors redimenda tuā esset,

Ov. P. 3, 1, 105; cf.:

nec te pugnantem tua forma redemit,

id. M. 12, 393:

qui delatorem redemit,

has bought off, hushed up, Dig. 49, 14, 29.—

To pay for; to make amends, atone, compensate for a wrong:

flagitium aut facinus redimere,

Sall. C. 14, 3:

multa desidiae crimina morte,

Vell. 2, 87 Ruhnk.:

nullam congiario culpam,

Plin. Pan. 28, 2; cf. simply culpam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8:

vitium auctore (sc. Jove),

Ov. H. 17, 49:

sua perjuria per nostram poenam,

id. Am. 3, 3, 21.—

Of one's word or promise, to redeem, keep:

verba sua,

Sen. Ben. 4, 36, 1.

vēnālis, e, adj. [2. venus], of or belonging to selling, to be sold, for sale, purchasable.

Lit.

In gen.:

aedes,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 67:

aedis venalis hasce inscribit litteris,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 131:

horti,

Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58:

venales ac proscriptae possessiones,

id. Agr. 3, 4, 15:

cibus uno asse,

Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 54:

ut ne opera quidem pistoria proponi venalia sinerent,

Suet. Tib. 34:

essedum,

id. Claud. 16:

cibumque coctum venalem proponi vetuit,

Val. Max. 2, 7, 2:

vox,

i. e. of a public crier, Cic. Quint. 3, 13:

otium non gemmis venale,

Hor. C. 2, 16, 7:

postremo dixisse (Jugurtham), Urbem venalem et mature perituram, si emptorem invenerit,

Sall. J. 35, 10:

ubi non sit, quo deferri possit venale, non expediat colere (hortos),

Varr. R. R. 1, 16, 3:

familia,

i. e. a gang of slaves for sale, Quint. 7, 2, 26.—

In partic.: vēnālis, is, m., a young slave offered for sale, Plaut. Aul. 3, 3, 4; id. Rud. 4, 3, 35; id. Trin. 2, 2, 51 al.; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 146; Sen. Ben. 4, 13, 3; id. Ep. 80, 8; Hor. S. 1, 1, 47; Plin. 35, 17, 57, § 199; cf. Quint. 8, 2, 8.—Hence, Caesărī vēnāles (or as one word, Caesărĭvēnāles), ium, m., a name given to the inhabitants of Castulo, in Spain, Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 25.—

Transf., that can be bought by bribes or presents, venal:

quae ipse semper habuit venalia, fidem, jus jurandum, veritatem, officium, religionem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 144:

fidem cum proposuisses venalem in provinciā,

id. ib. 2, 2, 32, §

78: juris dictio,

id. ib. 2, 2, 48, §

119: multitudo pretio,

Liv. 35, 50, 4:

amicae ad munus,

Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 21:

cena,

Mart. 3, 60, 1:

animae,

Sil. 15, 500:

amici,

Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.