encouragement

lux, lūcis (adverb. abl. luce, luci, and lucu, and in these old forms also used as m.; v. infra; in Plaut. lux is usually m.; Brix ad Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 11), f. [luceo], light.

Lit.

In gen., the light of the sun and other heavenly bodies:

cum id solis luce videatur clarius,

Cic. Div. 1, 3, 6; id. Tusc. 1, 37, 90; id. Cat. 1, 3; id. Cael. 9:

per umbras Stella facem ducens multā cum luce cucurrit,

Verg. A. 2, 694: a lucifero donec lux occidat, till sunset, Juv, 13, 158. — The light, splendor, brightness of shining bodies:

viridi cum luce zmaragdi,

Lucr. 4, 1126:

luce coruscus ahenā,

Verg. A. 2, 470:

lucem non fundentes gemmae,

Plin. 37, 7, 25, § 94:

ferri,

Stat. Th. 8, 124.—

In partic., the light of day, daylight, day:

diurna,

Lucr. 6, 848:

Metellus cum primā luce in campum currebat,

Cic. Att. 4, 3, 4:

ante lucem,

id. de Or. 2, 64, 259:

primā luce ad eum accurrit,

at daybreak, dawn of day, Caes. B. G. 1, 22:

luce sub ipsā,

on the very verge of day, Verg. G. 4, 490:

in luci,

by day, Lucr. 4, 233:

luce reversā,

Juv. 6, 312.—Hence,

In abl. adverb.: luce, luci, and (ante-class.) lucu, by daylight, in the daytime:

ut luce palam in foro saltet,

Cic. Off. 3, 24, 93; so,

luce,

id. Pis. 10, 23; Auct. Her. 4, 36, 48; Verg. A. 9, 153 al.:

nocte ac luce,

Juv. 15, 43:

ut veniamus luci,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 2, 7:

cum luci simul,

id. Merc. 2, 1, 31:

luci claro,

id. Aul. 4, 10, 18; cf. Non. 210, 9:

quis audeat luci,

Cic. Phil. 12, 10, 25:

quodsi luce quoque canes latrent,

id. Rosc. Am. 20, 56; Liv. 35, 4, 5:

cum primo lucu ibo hinc,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 55:

cum primo luci,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 49.—

Transf.

The heavenly bodies:

illae, quae fulgent luces,

Cic. Arat. 96.—

A day:

centesima lux est ab interitu P. Clodii,

Cic. Mil. 35, 98:

longiore luce ad id certamen nobis opus est,

Liv. 3, 2:

anxia nocte, anxia luce gemit,

Ov. M. 2, 806:

crastina,

Verg. A. 10, 244:

natali die mihi dulcior haec lux,

Juv. 12, 1:

septima quaeque lux,

id. 14, 105; cf.:

natura volvente vices et lucis et anni,

id. 13, 88. —Hence, poet.:

lux aestiva,

summer, Verg. G. 4, 52:

lux brumalis,

winter, Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 39.—

Life:

qui ab Orco mortuom me reducem in lucem feceris,

Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 12:

corpora luce carentum,

i. e. of the dead, Verg. G. 4, 255; Sil. 13, 473; cf.:

simul atque editi in lucem sumus,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, 2.—

An eye, the eyesight:

effossae squalent vestigia lucis,

Stat. Th. 11, 585:

damnum lucis ademptae,

Ov. M. 14, 197.—

A light, of an eminent man to whom all eyes turn:

Luce nihil gestum, nihil est Diomede remoto,

Ov. M. 13, 100.—Of a beloved person:

o lux salve candida,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 34.—

Trop.

The sight of all men, the public view, the public, the world:

nec vero ille in luce modo, atque in oculis civium magnus sed intus domique praestantior,

Cic. Sen. 4, 12: Isocrates forensi luce caruit, id. Brut. 8, 32:

familiam abjectam et obscu ram e tenebris in lucem vocare,

id. Deiot. 11, 30:

res occultas aperire in lucemque proferre,

id. Ac. 2, 19, 62.—

Light, encouragement, help, succor:

lux quaedam videbatur oblata, non modo regno, sed etiam regni timore sublato,

Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 40:

civibus lucem ingenii et consilii porrigere,

id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; cf.:

lucem adferre rei publicae,

id. Manil. 12, 33.—

A light, an ornament:

hanc urbem, lucem orbis terrarum,

Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 11:

genus sine luce,

undistinguished, obscure, Sil. 8, 248.—

Light, illustration, elucidation:

historia testis temporum, lux veritatis,

Cic. de Or. 2, 9, 36.—

That which enlightens, the source of illumination: ratio quasi quaedam lux lumenque vitae. Cic. Ac. 2, 8, 26; cf.:

ego sum lux mundi,

Vulg. John, 8, 12; id. ib. 12, 26.

prŏ-indē (abbrev. proin, like dein for deinde;

usually monosyl.,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 155; id. Capt. prol. 63; 3, 4, 20 et saep.; Ter. And. 2, 4, 5; id. Eun. 1, 1, 11; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 3;

dissyl.,

Cat. 20, 16), adv.

Just so, in the same manner, in like manner, equally, just, even; usually with a foll. atque ( ac), quasi, or ut, rarely quam:

tibi nunc, proinde ac merere, summas habeo gratias,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 33; cf. Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 6; and:

Scipiades... Ossa dedit terrae, proinde ac famul infimus esset,

Lucr. 3, 1035; so, proinde atque (ac) si, Lex Rubr. lin. 17, ap. Haubold, Monum. Leg. p. 146; cf.:

quā de re quoniam nihil ad me scribis, proinde habebo ac si scripsisses nihil esse,

just as if, the same as if, Cic. Att. 3, 13, 1:

proinde aestimans, ac si usus esset,

Caes. B. C. 3, 1, 5:

proinde expiscare quasi non nosses,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 35:

proinde quasi nemo siet, Ita, etc.,

id. Heaut. 1, 1, 13; Cic. Rep. 1, 5, 9; cf.:

proinde quasi nostram ipsam mentem videre possimus,

id. Mil. 31, 84; and:

proinde quasi aut plures fortunati sint quam infelices, aut, etc.,

id. Tusc. 1, 36, 86:

haec curata sint Fac sis, proinde adeo, ut me velle intellegis,

Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 27:

faciam, sit, proinde ut dixi, Tragicomoedia,

id. ib. prol. 63:

proinde ut commodumst et lubet,

id. ib. 2, 1, 8:

proinde ut quisque fortunā utitur, ita praecellet,

id. Ps. 2, 3, 13; cf.

, in the reverse order: quia, ut vos mihi domi eritis proinde ego ero fama foris,

Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 21; Lucr. 4, 648:

si proinde amentur mulieres diu quam lavant,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 3, 3: equidem diis habeo gratiam, non proinde quia natus est quam, etc. (Gr. ouch houtôs... hôs), Gell. 9, 3, 5.— Absol.: hunc filii loco non proinde habere turpe mihi videtur, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 5; Petr. 83:

ut, sive dulcis esset sapor uvae sive acidus, proinde aestimarent,

Col. 11, 2, 68; Just. 41, 3, 8.—

Hence, therefore, accordingly, then, in expressions of advice, exhortation, encouragement, etc.:

proinde actutum istuc quid sit quod scire expetis eloquere,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 12:

proinde istud facias ipse, quod faciamus nobis suades,

id. ib. 3, 3, 54:

proinde hinc vos amolimini,

Ter. And. 4, 2, 24: proinde aperte dice, quid sit, quod times, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 229 (Trag. Rel. v. 63 Rib.):

proin tu fac, apud te ut sies,

id. And. 2, 4, 5; Cic. Fam. 12, 6, 2:

proinde aut exeant aut quiescant,

id. Cat. 2, 5, 11; Caes. B. G. 7, 38 fin.:

proinde parati intentique essent signo dato Romanos invadere,

Sall. J. 49, 3; 83, 1:

proinde tona eloquio, solitum tibi!

Verg. A. 11, 383:

proinde ne gravarentur,

Liv. 1, 9; 2, 15; 3, 57; Curt. 3, 5, 13; Just. 31, 7, 6; Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 8; 3, 19, 9.

prōvŏcātĭo, ōnis, f. [id.].

A calling out, summoning, challenging to combat (post-Aug.):

ex provocatione hostem interemit,

Vell. 1, 12, 4; Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 81; 7, 28, 29, § 101; 33, 1, 4, § 12.—

A stimulus, provocation, encouragement (late Lat.):

in provocationem caritatis,

Vulg. Heb. 10, 24. —

A citation before a higher tribunal, an appeal (freq. and class.):

ad populum provocatio esto,

Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6; cf.:

Publicola legem ad populum tulit... ne quis magistratus civem Romanum adversus provocationem necaret neve verberaret,

id. Rep. 2, 31, 53; 2, 36, 61; 2, 37, 62; 3, 32, 44; id. de Or. 2, 48, 99; id. Agr. 2, 13, 33; Liv. 1, 26:

provocationem interponere,

to appeal, Dig. 49, 1, 18:

est provocatio,

an appeal lies, Liv. 3, 55; Sen. Ep. 108, 31:

appellatio provocatioque,

Liv. 3, 56 et saep.; Plin. praef. § 10.—In plur.:

provocationes omnium rerum,

Cic. Rep. 1, 40, 62.