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1 κράτιστος
A strongest, mightiest, Il.1.266, etc.; θεῶν κ., i.e. Zeus. Pi.O.14.13; κ. Ἑλλήνων, i.e. Achilles, S.Ph.3: in Prose,εἰ τοὺς κ. ἐνικήσαμεν Th.7.67
; Λημνίων τὸ κ. the best of their men, Id.5.8; τὸ δυνάμεως κ. the strength or flower of.., X.Cyr.6.1.28, etc.; of things, καρτίστην.. μάχην fiercest fight, Il.6.185;δεσμὸς κ. Ti.Locr.99a
.2 generally, best, most excellent, as [comp] Sup. of ἀγαθός, Pi.I.1.17, S.Ant. 1050, etc.: colloquially, "ἄνδρα κ. εἰπών Thphr. Char.5.2
; οἱ κράτιστοι the aristocracy, X.HG7.1.42, v. ἀγαθός 1; τὰ κ. τῆς χώρας ib.3.4.20.b as a title or mode of address,κράτιστε Θεόφιλε Ev.Luc. 1.3
; esp. = Lat. egregius,ὁ κ. ἡγεμών PFay.p.33
(i A.D.); (ii A.D.); ἡ κ., of a woman of the equester ordo, IG14. 1346; also, = Lat. clarissimus, of Senators, ὁ κ. ἀνθὐπατος ib.9(1).61;ὁ κ. συγκλητικός IGRom.3.581
, etc.;ἡ κ. βουλή POxy.2108.6
(iii A. D.).c with modal words added,κ. τὴν ψυχήν Th.2.40
; πάντων πάντα κ. best of all in.., X.An.1.9.2;ἔν τινι Id.Mem.3.4.5
; ; ;πρός τι X.HG3.4.16
: c. inf., best at doing, Th.2.81, Pl.Phdr. 267d, X.Mem.1.4.1, etc.: c. part.,τῶν ἡλίκων κ. εἶναι ἀκοντίζων καὶ τοξεύων Id.Cyr.1.3.15
.3 neut. folld. by inf., φυγέειν κάρτιστον to flee were best, Od.12.120, cf. E.El. 379, Ar.Eq.80, etc.: in pl.,κράτιστα.. ἑλεῖν E.Med. 384
: abs., ὅπερ κ. the main point, Th.1.143.4 Adv. usages, ἀπὸ τοῦ κρατίστου in all good faith, Plb.8.17.4;κατὰ τὸ κ. D.H.2.22
: neut. pl. κράτιστα as Adv., X.HG3.4.16, Ages.1.25.—The [comp] Comp. in use is κρείσσων (q.v.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κράτιστος
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2 κράτιστος
κράτιστος, η, ον (Hom. et al.; IBM III/2, 482A, 6 et al.; pap, LXX, EpArist, Philo, Joseph. Isolated superl. of κρατύς ‘strong, mighty’) strongly affirmative honorary form of address, most noble, most excellent, used in address of pers. of varied social status. Of the governor of Judea (on formula of address to officials, s. Magie 31; 112; Hahn 259; OSeeck in Pauly-W. V 2006f; OHirschfeld, Kleine Schriften 1913, 651, 5; 654; Wilcken, Her. 20, 1885, 469ff; WSchubart, Einf. in d. Papyruskunde 1918, 259. Cp. PHerrmann, Inschriften von Sardeis: Chiron 23, ’93, 236 n. 13.—Jos., Ant. 20, 12; whether the Lat. rendering ‘vir egregius’ was applied in the first cent. to highly placed officials cannot be determined with certainty) Ac 23:26; 24:3; 26:25. In a form of polite address with no official connotation (Theophr., Char. 5; Dionys. Hal., De Orat. Ant. 1 ὦ κράτιστε Ἀμμαῖε; Jos., Vi. 430 κράτιστε ἀνδρῶν Ἐπαφρόδιτε [a freedman of Domitian, to whom Joseph. dedicated his Antiquities and his books against Apion]; likew. C. Ap. 1, 1 [but 2, 1 τιμιώτατέ μοι Ἐ.; 2, 296 simply his name]. κ. is also found in dedications Diosc., Mat. Med. I 3, 1f; Hermog., Inv. 3 p. 126, 2f; Artem. 236, 2f P.; Galen X 78; XIV 295; XIX 8 Kühn.—B-D-F §60, 2) Lk 1:3; Dg 1:1. S. Zahn, Einl. II3 340; 365; 390, Ev. des Lk.3, 4 1920, 56f; Cadbury, Making of Luke-Acts 314f; LAlexander, The Preface to Luke’s Gospel ’93 132f; 188–90 (the social status of Luke’s addressee remains undetermined).—M-M.
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