Перевод: с английского на французский

с французского на английский

С французского на:
Английский
С английского на:
Все языки
Польский
Русский
Украинский
Французский

development+support+system

Толкование Перевод

1 hold

hold ⇒ Capacity measurement

A n

1 (grasp, grip) prise f ; to get hold of attraper [rope, handle] ; to keep (a) hold of ou on tenir [ball, rail, hand] ; ⇒ catch, grab, grasp, seize, take ;

2 ( possession) to get hold of se procurer [book, ticket, document] ; [press] avoir vent de [story] ; découvrir [details, information] ;

3 ( contact) to get hold of ( by phone) joindre [person] ; ( by other means) trouver [person] ;

4 ( control) emprise f (on, over sur) ; to have a hold on ou over sb avoir de l'emprise sur qn ; to get a hold of oneself se reprendre ;

5 (storage, area) Aviat soute f ; Naut cale f ;

6 Sport ( in wrestling) prise f ; to have sb in a hold faire une prise à qn ;

7 (of hairspray, gel) fixation f ; normal/extra hold fixation normale/extra-forte.

B vtr ( prét, pp held)

1 ( clasp) tenir [object, hand, person] (above, over au-dessus de ; against contre) ; to hold sth in one's hand tenir qch à la main [brush, pencil, stick] ; ( enclosed) tenir qch dans la main [button, coin, sweet] ; to hold sth/sb by tenir qch/qn par [handle, stem, sleeve, leg] ; to hold one's stomach/head (in pain) se tenir l'estomac/la tête (à cause de la douleur) ; to hold sb (in one's arms) serrer qn dans ses bras ; to hold each other se serrer l'un contre l'autre ; can you hold my bag for me? tu peux me tenir mon sac? ;

2 ( maintain) to hold one's head upright/still tenir sa tête droite/immobile ; to hold one's hands apart/still tenir ses mains écartées/immobiles ; to hold a pose/smile garder une pose/un sourire ; to hold sth in place ou position maintenir qch en place ; to hold one's speed maintenir sa vitesse ;

3 ( arrange) organiser, tenir [meeting, talks] ; organiser [competition, ballot, demonstration, course, election] ; organiser, donner [party, reception] ; organiser, monter [exhibition, show] ; avoir [conversation] ; célébrer [church service] ; mener [enquiry] ; faire passer [interview] ; to be held avoir lieu ;

4 ( have capacity for) [box, case, tank] (pouvoir) contenir [objects, amount] ; [theatre, room] avoir une capacité de [350 people] ; the bus holds ten (people) le bus a dix places ; to (be able to) hold one's drink ou liquor tenir l'alcool ;

5 ( contain) [drawer, cupboard, box, case] contenir [objects, possessions] ;

6 ( support) [shelf, fridge, branch, roof] supporter [weight, load, crate] ; the branch won't hold you la branche ne supportera pas ton poids ;

7 ( restrain) [dam, wall] retenir, contenir [water, flood waters] ; [person] tenir [dog] ; maîtriser [thief] ; there is/there'll be no holding him fig on ne peut/pourra plus l'arrêter ;

8 ( keep against will) [police, kidnappers] détenir [person] ; to hold sb prisoner/hostage garder qn prisonnier/en otage ;

9 ( possess) détenir, avoir [shares, power, record, playing card] ; être titulaire de [degree, sporting title, cup] ; occuper [job, position] ; avoir, être en possession de [ticket, passport, licence] ; porter [title] ; Jur, gen [bank, computer, police, solicitor] conserver [document, information, money] ; avoir [mortgage] ;

10 ( keep back) garder [place, seat, ticket] ; faire attendre [train, flight] ; mettre [qch] en attente [letter, order] ; hold it ○ ! minute ○ ! ; hold everything! arrête tout! ; two burgers, but hold the mustard! deux hamburgers, sans moutarde ;

11 ( believe) avoir [opinion, belief] ; to hold sb/sth to be tenir qn/qch pour, considérer qn/qch comme ; to hold that [person] soutenir que ; [law, theory] dire que ; to hold sb liable ou responsible tenir qn pour responsable ;

12 ( defend successfully) Mil tenir [territory, city, bridge] ; Pol, Sport conserver [title, seat, lead, position] ; ( in tennis) to hold one's serve ou service gagner or remporter son service ; to hold one's own [person] se défendre tout seul (against contre) ; [army] tenir bon (against devant) ;

13 ( captivate) captiver [person, audience, class] ; capter, retenir [attention, interest] ;

14 Telecom to hold the line patienter, rester en ligne ; can you hold the line please ne quittez pas s'il vous plaît ;

15 Mus tenir [note] (for pendant) ;

16 Aut to hold the road tenir la route.

C vi ( prét, pp held)

1 ( remain intact) [rope, shelf, bridge, dam, glue] tenir ; fig ( also hold good) [theory, offer, objection, law] tenir ;

2 ( continue) [weather] rester beau/belle, se maintenir ; [luck] continuer, durer ;

3 Telecom patienter ;

4 ( remain steady) hold still! tiens-toi tranquille!

D v refl ( prét, pp held) to hold oneself upright/well se tenir droit/bien.

E on hold adv phr

1 Telecom en attente ; to put sb on hold Telecom faire patienter qn ; to put a call on hold Telecom mettre un appel en attente ;

2 to put one's plan/a project on hold gen laisser ses projets/un projet en suspens.

Phrasal verbs

■ hold against: to hold sth against sb reprocher qch à qn ; to hold it against sb that en vouloir à qn parce que ; I don't hold it against him/them je ne lui/leur en veux pas ; your age could be held against you ton âge pourrait jouer en ta défaveur.

■ hold back:

▶ hold back se retenir ; to hold back from doing se retenir de faire, préférer ne pas faire ;

▶ hold [sb/sth] back, hold back [sb/sth]

1 ( restrain) contenir [water, tide, crowd, animals] ; retenir [hair, tears] ; retenir [person] ; refouler [feelings] ; contenir [anger] ; to hold back one's laughter se retenir or s'empêcher de rire ;

2 ( prevent progress of) ( involuntarily) [person] retarder [person, group] ; ( deliberately) [person] retenir [person] ; [background, poor education] gêner [person] ; entraver [production, progress, development] ;

3 ( withhold) [person, government, organization] cacher [information, result] ; ( to protect privacy) tenir [qch] secret, ne pas divulguer [name, information, identity] ; [person, company] différer [payment].

■ hold down:

▶ hold [sb/sth] down, hold down [sb/sth]

1 ( prevent from moving) maintenir [qch] en place [tent, carpet, piece of paper] ; tenir, maîtriser [person] ;

2 ( press down) appuyer sur [pedal, key] ;

3 ( keep at certain level) limiter [number, rate, expenditure, costs, inflation] ; limiter l'augmentation de [wages, taxes, prices] ;

4 ( keep) ( not lose) garder [job] ; ( have) avoir [job].

■ hold forth péj disserter, pérorer pej (about, on sur).

■ hold in:

▶ hold [sth] in, hold in [sth]

1 ( restrain) réprimer, contenir [feeling, anger, disappointment] ;

2 ( pull in) rentrer [stomach, buttocks].

■ hold off:

▶ hold off [enemy] accorder un répit ; [creditors] accorder un délai ; I hope the rain holds off j'espère qu'il ne pleuvra pas ; the rain held off until after the match il s'est mis à pleuvoir après le match ; to hold off buying/making a decision reporter l'achat/la décision à plus tard ; he held off leaving until the weekend il a reporté son départ au week-end ;

▶ hold [sb] off, hold off [sb] tenir [qn] à distance [enemy, creditor, journalists] ; faire patienter [client] ;

▶ hold [sth] off repousser [attack].

■ hold on:

▶ hold on

1 ( wait) gen attendre ; Telecom patienter ; ‘hold on, I'll just get him’ ( on telephone) ‘ne quittez pas, je vais le chercher’ ;

2 ( grip) tenir (with de, avec) ; ‘hold on (tight)!’ ‘tiens-toi (bien)!’ ;

3 ( endure) [person, company] tenir ;

▶ hold [sth] on [screw, glue] maintenir [qch] en place ; to be held on with sth [door, handle, wheel] être maintenu par qch.

■ hold on to:

▶ hold on to [sb/sth]

1 ( grip) s'agripper à [branch, railing, rope] ; s'agripper à, se tenir à [person] ; ( to prevent from falling) agripper, retenir [person] ; serrer [object, purse] ; (bien) tenir [dog] ;

2 ( retain) conserver [power, title, lead] ; garder [shares, car] ; to hold on to one's dreams fig s'accrocher à ses rêves ; to hold on to one's ou the belief that persister à croire que ;

3 ( look after) garder [object] (for pour).

■ hold out:

▶ hold out

1 ( endure) tenir le coup, tenir bon ; to hold out against tenir bon devant [enemy, changes, threat] ;

2 ( remain available) [supplies, food, stocks] durer ;

▶ hold [sth] out, holdout [sth] tendre [glass, money, ticket] (to à) ; to hold out one's hand/leg tendre la main/la jambe ;

▶ hold out [sth] garder, conserver [hope] ; I don't hold out much hope je ne me fais guère d'illusions, je n'ai plus beaucoup d'espoir ; they don't hold out much hope of finding him ils ont perdu presque tout espoir de le retrouver ; to hold out for insister pour obtenir [pay rise, increase] ; to hold out on sb ○ cacher des choses à qn ; they know something, but they're holding out on us ils sont au courant mais ils nous cachent quelque chose.

■ hold over:

▶ hold [sth] over, hold over [sth]

1 ( postpone) ajourner [question, programme] ;

2 ( continue to show) maintenir [qch] à l'affiche [film] ; prolonger [show, exhibition].

■ hold to:

▶ hold to [sth] s'en tenir à [belief, opinion, decision] ;

▶ hold sb to [sth] faire tenir [qch] à qn [promise] ; faire honorer [qch] à qn [contract, offer] ; I'll hold you to that! je note!, je m'en souviendrai!

■ hold together:

▶ hold together

1 ( not break) [car, shoes, chair] tenir ;

2 ( remain united) [family, party] rester uni ; [alliance] rester intact ;

▶ hold [sth] together

1 ( keep intact) faire tenir [car, machine, chair] ; maintenir ensemble [papers, pieces] ; to be held together with sth tenir avec qch ;

2 ( unite) assurer la cohésion de [company, party, government] ; my mother held the family together la famille est restée unie grâce à ma mère.

■ hold up:

▶ hold up

1 ( remain intact) tenir, résister ; to hold up well [currency] résister ;

2 ( remain valid) [theory, argument] tenir ;

▶ hold [sb/sth] up, hold up [sb/sth]

1 ( support) soutenir [shelf, picture] ; tenir [trousers, stockings] ; to be held up by ou with sth tenir avec qch ;

2 ( raise) lever [object] ; to hold one's hand up lever la main ;

3 ( display) to hold sb/sth up as an example ou model of présenter qn/ qch comme un exemple de ; to hold sb up to ridicule tourner qn en ridicule, ridiculiser qn ;

4 ( delay) retarder [person, flight] ; ralentir [production, traffic] ; arrêter, interrompre [procession] ;

5 ( rob) attaquer [train, bank, person].

■ hold with: not to hold with ne pas être d'accord avec [idea, system] ; être contre [television, imitations etc] ; he doesn't hold with teaching children French il est contre le fait qu'on enseigne le français aux enfants.

Big English-French dictionary > hold
2 scale

scale [skeɪl]

1. noun

   a. ( = scope) échelle f ; ( = size) importance f

• on a large/small scale sur une grande/petite échelle

• on a national scale à l'échelle nationale

• a disaster on this scale une catastrophe de cette ampleur

   b. [of map] échelle f

• on a scale of 1cm to 5km à une échelle de 1 cm pour 5 km

• this map is not to scale les distances ne sont pas respectées sur cette carte

   c. (on thermometer, ruler) échelle f graduée ; [of wages] barème m

• scale of charges tarifs mpl

• social scale échelle f sociale

   d. (musical) gamme f

• to practise one's scales faire ses gammes

   e. [of fish] écaille f

   f. → scales

2. transitive verb

   a. [+ wall, mountain] escalader

   b. [+ fish] écailler

   c. [+ teeth] détartrer

3. compounds

► scale drawing noun dessin m à l'échelle

► scale model noun modèle m réduit

► scale back separable transitive verb

(US) = scale down

► scale down separable transitive verb réduire ; [+ drawing] réduire l'échelle de ; [+ production] réduire

* * *
[skeɪl] 1.
noun

1) ( extent) (of crisis, disaster, success, violence) étendue f; (of reform, development, defeat, recession, task) ampleur f; (of activity, operation) envergure f; (of support, change) degré m

on a large/small scale — [map] à grande/petite échelle

on a modest scale — [building] d'une ampleur modeste

to do something on a large scale — fig faire quelque chose sur une grande échelle

2) ( grading system) échelle f

pay scale —

salary scale — échelle des salaires

on a scale of 1 to 10 — sur une échelle allant de 1 à 10

3) (for maps, models) échelle f

on a scale of 2 km to 1 cm — à une échelle de 1 cm pour 2 km

4) ( on gauge etc) graduation f

5) ( for weighing) balance f

6) Music gamme f

7) (on fish, insect) écaille f

8) ( deposit) ( in kettle) (dépôt m) calcaire m; ( on teeth) tartre m
2.
scales plural noun balance f
3.
transitive verb

1) ( climb) escalader

2) ( take scales off) écailler

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- scale down

- scale up

••

the scales fell from my eyes — tout d'un coup j'ai compris

English-French dictionary > scale
3 scale

scale

A n

1 ( extent) (of crisis, disaster, success, violence) étendue f (of de) ; (of reform, development, defeat, recession, task) ampleur f (of de) ; (of activity, operation) envergure f (of de) ; (of support, change) degré m (of de) ; on a large/small scale à grande/petite échelle ; on an unexpected/a modest scale d'une ampleur inattendue/modeste ;

2 ( grading system) échelle f ; pay scale, salary scale échelle des salaires ; social scale échelle sociale ; scale of values échelle de valeurs ; at the other end of the scale à l'autre bout de l'échelle ; on a scale of 1 to 10 sur une échelle allant de 1 à 10 ;

3 (for maps, models) échelle f ; on a scale of 2 km to 1 cm à une échelle de 1 cm pour 2 km ; the model is out of ou not to scale la maquette n'est pas à l'échelle ;

4 (on thermometer, gauge etc) graduation f ;

5 ( for weighing) balance f ;

6 Mus gamme f ; to play/sing a scale faire/chanter une gamme ; the scale of G la gamme de sol ;

7 Zool (on fish, insect) écaille f ;

8 ( deposit) (in kettle, pipes) (dépôt m) calcaire m ; ( on teeth) tartre m.

B scales npl balance f.

C vtr

1 ( climb) escalader [wall, peak, tower] ;

2 ( take scales off) écailler [fish].

Idiom

the scales fell from my eyes tout d'un coup j'ai compris.

Phrasal verbs

■ scale back = scale down 2.

■ scale down:

▶ scale [sth] down, scale down [sth]

1 ( reduce according to scale) réduire l'échelle de [drawing, map] ;

2 fig ( reduce) ralentir [production] ; réduire [expenditure, import, involvement, activity].

■ scale up:

▶ scale [sth] up, scale up [sth]

1 lit augmenter l'échellle de [drawing, map] ;

2 fig augmenter [activity, work].

Big English-French dictionary > scale
4 sustain

sustain

A vtr

1 ( maintain) maintenir [interest, mood, growth, success, quality] ; poursuivre [campaign, war, policy] ;

2 Mus soutenir, tenir [note] ;

3 ( provide strength) ( physically) donner des forces à ; ( morally) soutenir ;

4 ( support) soutenir [regime, economy, market, system] ; to sustain life rendre la vie possible ;

5 ( suffer) recevoir [injury, blow, burn] ; éprouver [loss] ; subir, essuyer [defeat] ; to sustain severe damage subir d'importants dégâts ;

6 ( bear) supporter [weight] ;

7 Jur ( uphold) faire droit à [claim] ; admettre [objection] ; objection sustained! objection accordée!

B sustained pp adj [attack, criticism, development, effort] soutenu ; [applause, period] prolongé ; [note] tenu.

C sustaining pres p adj [drink, meal] nourrissant.

Big English-French dictionary > sustain

См. также в других словарях:

Decision support system — Example of a Decision Support System for John Day Reservoir. A decision support system (DSS) is a computer based information system that supports business or organizational decision making activities. DSSs serve the management, operations, and… … Wikipedia
Life support system — For other uses of Life support , see Life support (disambiguation). In human spaceflight, a life support system is a group of devices that allow a human being to survive in space. US government space agency NASA,[1] and private spaceflight… … Wikipedia
Spatial Decision Support System — Spatial Decision Support Systems (sDSS) developed in parallel with the concept of Decision Support Systems (DSS).An sDSS is an interactive, computer based system designed to support a user or group of users in achieving a higher effectiveness of… … Wikipedia
Process Development Execution System — A Process Development Execution System (PDES) is a system, which is used by companies to perform development activities for high tech manufacturing processes. A PDES is similar to a Manufacturing Execution System (MES) in several aspects. The… … Wikipedia
Primary Life Support System — A Primary (or Portable) Life Support System/Subsystem, or PLSS, is the backpack of a spacesuit. It provides most of the functions of a spacecraft life support system, in a smaller package. The functions performed by the PLSS include: *regulating… … Wikipedia
Land Allocation Decision Support System — LADSS or Land Allocation Decision Support System, is an agricultural land use planning tool being developed at The Macaulay Institute. LADSS is implemented using the programming language G2 from Gensym alongside a Smallworld GIS application using … Wikipedia
Operations support system — Operations support systems (also called operational support systems or OSS) are computer systems used by telecommunications service providers. The term OSS most frequently describes network systems dealing with the telecom network itself,… … Wikipedia
Business Support System — Business Support Systems (BSS) are the components that a telephone operator or telco uses to run its business operations towards customer. BSS and OSS platforms are linked in the need to support various end to end services. Each area has its own… … Wikipedia
life-support system — ▪ environmental any mechanical device that enables a person to live and usually work in an environment such as outer space or underwater in which he could not otherwise function or survive for any appreciable amount of time. Life support… … Universalium
Development communication — Development Communication, has been alternatively defined as a type of marketing and public opinion research that is used specifically to develop effective communication or as the use of communication to promote social development. Defined as the … Wikipedia
Development Assistance Database — The Development Assistance Database (DAD) is a widely used Aid Information Management System (AIMS) developed by Synergy International Systems, Inc for Aid Management, Public Investment and National Budgeting. It has been established in more than … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на французский

development+support+system

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на французский

development+support+system

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка: