dēpressus

* * *

( depressus)

to press down, depress, low-lying.

dē-prĭmo, pressi, pressum, 3, v. a. [premo], to press down, weigh down, sink down, to depress (freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

vis venti nubem deprimit,

Lucr. 6, 432:

qui (Critolaus) tantum propendere illam lancem putet, ut terram et maria deprimat,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 17 fin.; cf. id. Fin. 5, 30, 92: deprimi in tenebras, id. Fragm. ap. Lact. 3, 19:

ad mentum depresso supercilio,

id. Pis. 6 fin.:

animus caelestis ex altissimo domicilio depressus et quasi demersus in terram,

id. de Sen. 21:

depresso aratro (sc. in terram),

Verg. G. 1, 45 et saep.— Absol.:

haec quae porto deprimunt,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 1, 9.—

In partic.

To sink deep, as a plant, a well, etc.; to plant deep, to dig deep:

vites in terram,

Cato R. R. 32 fin.; cf. Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 10:

plantas,

Col. 11, 3, 28 et saep.:

qui tollit aedificium, vel deprimit,

Dig. 8, 2, 17, § 2:

saxum in mirandam altitudinem depressum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 27; cf.:

valle in altitudinem depressa,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 9, 2:

locus circiter duodecim pedes humi depressus,

Sall. C. 55, 3:

fossam,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 40, 3; Tac. A. 15, 42:

deprimere vel allevare rivum,

Dig. 8, 4, 11 et saep.—

Naut. t. t., to sink to the bottom, to sink, sc. a ship:

partem navium,

Caes. B. C. 1, 58 fin.:

naves,

id. ib. 2, 6 fin.; 2, 7; Nep. Con. 4, 4:

lenunculos,

Caes. B. C. 2, 43 fin.:

carinam,

Ov. M. 14, 185; Tac. H. 4, 79: classis superata atque depressa, Cic. de imp. Pomp. 8, 21 et saep. —

Trop.

To press down, depress:

animus depressus,

Lucr. 6, 53: vos, gemi nae voragines scopulique reipublicae, vos meam fortunam deprimitis? vestram extollitis? (a figure borrowed from the sinking of a ship, v. supra, no. I. B. 2), Cic. Pis. 18; cf.:

improbitate depressa veritas emergit,

id. Clu. 65, 183:

ita se quisque extollit, ut deprimat alium,

Liv. 3, 65 fin.; cf. id. 30, 36; Plin. Pan. 44, 6 et saep.:

preces,

to suppress, silence, Nep. Att. 22, 2:

nunc quid elocutio attollat aut deprimat dicendum,

Quint. 8, 3 fin.: depressus in ludum, i. e. pressed, forced, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3.—

Esp., to depreciate in words, disparage (cf. depretio):

adversariorum causam per contemptionem deprimere,

Auct. Her. 1, 5, 8; Cic. Inv. 1, 16, 22.—

To oppress (late Lat.):

populum,

Vulg. 2 Esdr. 5, 15.—Hence, dēpressus, a, um, P. a.

Lit., pressed down, i. e. deep, lying low, depressed (perh. only post-Aug.):

humilius et depressius iter,

Plin. Ep. 9, 26, 2:

aquaeductus depressior,

Front. Aquaed. 65:

depresso loco castra ponere,

id. Strat. 1, 5, 24.—

Transf., of the voice, low, suppressed:

quam sedatissima et depressissima vox,

Auct. Her. 3, 14.— Adv.: dē-pressē, deeply; pos. not found.— Comp.:

fodere, quo depressius aestivos specus foderint,

Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 9, 2:

pastinare,

Col. 11, 3, 10.

* * *

dē-mergo, si, sum, 3, v. a., to sink, submerge, to plunge into, to dip (class.).

Lit.:

candens ferrum in gelidum imbrem,

Lucr. 6, 149:

pars remorum demersa liquore,

id. 4, 441; cf.: cornix demersit caput, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 8 fin.;

and demersis aequora rostris Ima petunt,

Verg. A. 9, 119:

Marium senile corpus paludibus occultasse demersum,

Cic. Sest. 22, 50; cf. id. Div. 2, 68; id. Fin. 2, 32, 105:

navem,

Plin. 32, 2, 6, § 15: triremem hostium perforare et demergere, Auct. B. Alex. 25, 5; 31 fin.:

pullos mari,

Suet. Tib 2; and in pass. of a person:

vehementi circio bis paene demersus est,

id. Claud. 17:

plebem in fossas cloacasque exhauriendas,

i. e. to busy, employ, Liv. 1, 59; cf.:

vultum in undas,

Prop. 3, 18, 9 (4, 17, 9 M.):

metalla,

Plin. H. N. 33 prooem.: stirpem, to sink or set in, to plant (with deponere), Col. 3, 18, 2 sq.; cf.

surculos,

Pall. Febr. 17, 3:

dapes in alvum,

Ov. M. 15, 105; cf. id. ib. 6, 664: si quando nos demersimus, ut qui urinantur, Cic. Ac. Fragm. ap. Non. 474, 27.— Poet.:

colla demersere humeris (i. e. absconderunt),

Stat. Th. 6, 850.—

Esp. of the sun-god, etc., to sink in the sea, cause to set ( poet.):

sex ubi sustulerit totidem demerserit orbes purpureum rapido qui vehit axe diem,

Ov. F. 3, 517 sq.:

Titan igniferi tantum demerserat orbis, quantum, etc.,

Luc. 3, 41 sq. —

Intrans., to set (late Lat.):

demergit sol et nascitur,

Min. Fel. 34, 11.—

Trop., to sink, depress, overwhelm:

animus depressus et quasi demersus in terram,

Cic. de Sen. 21:

demersae leges alicujus opibus, emergunt aliquando,

id. Off. 2, 7, 24:

patriam demersam extuli,

id. Sull. 31, 87; cf. Nep. Dion, 6;

and concidit domus, ob lucrum demersa exitio,

Hor. Od. 3, 16, 13:

plebs aere alieno demersa,

Liv. 2, 29, 8; cf. id. 6, 27, 6:

Rheam in perpetuam virginitatem demersit,

Just. 43, 2.—P. a., dēmersus, a, um, depressed. —Comp.:

pulsus, Coel. Am. Acut. 2, 32, 165: qui demersiora scrutantur,

Rufin. Origen in Cant. 3, p. 10.

hŭmus, i (archaic form of the abl. sing. humu, Varr. ap. Non. 488, 6 and 48, 26), f. (archaic masc. humum humidum pedibus fodit, Laev. ap. Prisc. p. 719 P.: humidum humum, Gracch. ib.) [from the prim. form XAM, whence chămai, chămothen, chămalos, Lat. humilis; kindr. with Sanscr. Xám, earth; Gr. chthôn], the earth, the ground, the soil.

Lit. (class.; cf.: terra, solum, tellus): humus erat immunda, lutulenta vino, coronis languidulis et spinis coöperta piscium, Cic. Fragm. Or. pro Gall. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 66 (ap. Orell. IV. 2, p. 454); cf.:

omnia constrata telis, armis, cadaveribus et inter ea humus infecta sanguine,

Sall. J. 101 fin.:

subacta atque pura,

Cic. de Sen. 17, 59: cubitis pinsibant humum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 23 Müll. (Trag. v. 435 Vahl.); cf.: procubuit moriens et humum semel ore momordit. bit the ground and died (cf. the Homer. odax helein gaian), Verg. A. 11, 418:

calcibus atram Tundit humum exspirans,

id. ib. 10, 731; cf. Ov. A. A. 1, 112:

pede candido In morem Salium ter quatient humum,

Hor. C. 4, 1, 28:

Acestes aequaevum ab humo attollit amicum,

Verg. A. 5, 452:

sedit humo,

Ov. M. 4, 261:

ipse feraces Figat humo plantas,

Verg. G. 4, 115; cf.:

semina spargere humo,

Ov. M. 5, 647:

surgit humo,

id. F. 6, 735; cf.:

nec se movit humo,

id. M. 4, 264:

dejectoque in humum vultu,

id. ib. 6, 607:

propter humum volitat,

id. ib. 8, 258:

humi atque ipsius stirpis laetitia,

Col. 4, 24, 4; cf.:

quis cibus erat caro ferina atque humi pabulum uti pecoribus,

Sall. J. 18, 1:

ii, quos humus injecta contegeret (shortly afterwards, gleba),

Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57:

quae (genera arborum) humi arido atque arenoso gignuntur,

Sall. J. 48, 3 Kritz N. cr. — Poet., as a fig. for what is low, mean, common:

sermones repentes per humum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 251; cf.:

ne, dum vitat humum, nubes et inania captet,

id. A. P. 230:

ad humum maerore gravi deducit et angit,

id. ib. 110; v. also [p. 871] under adv.:

affigit humo divinae particulam aurae,

id. S. 2, 2, 79.—

Transf., in gen., like solum, land, country, region:

Punica nec Teucris pressa fuisset humus,

Ov. H. 7, 140:

Aonia,

id. F. 1, 490:

Illyrica,

id. Med. Fac. 74:

Pontica,

id. P. 3, 5, 56.—

Adverbial form humi, like chamai, on the ground or to the ground:

jacere humi,

Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26:

requiescere,

Sall. J. 85, 33:

strati,

Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 22; cf.:

serpit humi tutus nimium timidusque procellae,

Hor. A. P. 28:

quousque humi defixa tua mens erit?

fixed on the ground, Cic. Rep. 6, 17:

locus circiter duodecim pedes humi depressus,

Sall. C. 55, 3:

quot humi morientia corpora fundis?

Verg. A. 11, 665:

spargere humi dentes,

Ov. M. 3, 105; cf.:

hunc stravit humi,

id. ib. 12, 255:

tremens procumbit humi bos,

Verg. A. 5, 481:

volvitur ille excussus humi,

id. ib. 11, 640; cf.:

projectum humi jugulavit,

Tac. H. 2, 64:

stratus humi palmes viduas desiderat ulmos,

Juv. 8, 78.

rīvus, i, m. [root ri- (li-), to flow, drop; Gr. limnê;cf. liris; Sanscr. rīna, flowing; cf. ripa], a small stream of water, a brook (cf.: fluvius, amnis).

Lit.: rivus est locus per longitudinem depressus, quo aqua decurrat, cui nomen est apo tou rhein, Dig. 43, 21 (de rivis), 1:

rivorum a fonte deductio,

Cic. Top. 8, 33:

prostrati in gramine molli Propter aquae rivum,

by a waterbrook, Lucr. 2, 30; so,

aquae,

id. 5, 1392; Hor. C. 3, 16, 29; cf. Inscr. Orell. 51:

omnia flumina atque omnes rivos, qui ad mare pertinebant, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 49; 3, 37; cf. 3, 88 fin.; Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 7:

pronus,

id. ib. 1, 10, 21; id. C. 1, 29, 11:

mobiles,

id. ib. 1, 7, 14; cf.

celeres,

id. ib. 3, 11, 14:

gelidi,

id. ib. 3, 13, 7; id. Ep. 1, 18, 104:

claudite jam rivos,

Verg. E. 3, 111:

tenuis fugiens per gramina rivus,

id. G. 4, 19.—Prov.: e rivo flumina magna facere, to magnify an insignificant object; or, as we say, to make a mountain of a mole-hill, Ov. P. 2, 5, 22.—

Transf.

An artificial water-course, channel, canal, Dig. 7, 1, 61; 8, 3, 15; 8, 4, 11.—

A gutter, Vitr. 8, 6 (7), 1 al.—

Of other liquids, a stream, etc. (mostly poet.):

manabat venis ferventibus argenti rivus et auri,

Lucr. 5, 1256:

lactis uberes,

Hor. C. 2, 19, 11:

sanguinis,

Verg. A. 11, 668; Liv. 26, 23; Curt. 4, 9, 13:

sudoris,

Verg. A. 5, 200:

lacrimarum,

Ov. M. 9, 655:

ignium,

Plin. 2, 106, 110, § 236:

rivis currentia vina,

Verg. G. 1, 132.—

Trop., a stream (very rare;

v. rivulus, II.): liquidus fortunae rivus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 9: facundiae rivus, Lact. Opif. Dei, 20 fin.

torpĕo, ēre, v. n. [Sanscr. root tarp-, to sate; Gr. terpô], to be stiff, numb, motionless, inactive, torpid, sluggish, etc. (syn.: langueo, languesco, stupeo, rigeo).

Lit.:

torpentes gelu,

Liv. 21, 56, 7; 21, 55, 8; cf.:

digitus torpens frigore,

Suet. Aug. 80:

languidi et torpentes oculi,

Quint. 11, 3, 76:

torpentes rigore nervi,

Liv. 21, 58, 9:

membra torpent,

Plin. 7, 50, 51, § 168; cf.:

torpentes membrorum partes,

id. 24, 4, 7, § 13:

torpent infractae ad proelia vires,

Verg. A. 9, 499:

duroque simillima saxo Torpet,

Ov. M. 13, 541:

quid vetat et nervos magicas torpere per artes?

id. Am. 3, 7, 35:

serpentes torpentes inveniantur,

Plin. 24, 16, 92, § 148:

hostem habes aegre torpentia membra trahentem,

Sil. 4, 68:

non eadem vini atque cibi torpente palato Gaudia,

Juv. 10, 203; cf.:

non exacuet torpens sapor ille palatum,

Ov. P. 1, 10, 13.—

Transf., of inanim. things, to be still, motionless, sluggish:

torpentes lacus,

Stat. Th. 9, 452:

amnis,

id. ib. 4, 172:

locus depressus hieme pruinis torpet,

Col. 1, 4, 10:

Orpheus tacuit torpente lyrā,

Sen. Med. 348:

antra Musarum longo torpentia somno,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, praef. 51; 1, 262.—

Trop., to be stupid, stupefied, astounded; to be dull, listless, inactive (cf. stupeo):

timeo, totus torpeo,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 179; cf.:

timore torpeo,

id. Truc. 4, 3, 50:

torpentibus metu qui aderant,

Liv. 28, 29, 11:

deum volumus cessatione torpere,

Cic. N. D. 1, 37, 102:

quidnam torpentes subito obstupuistis Achivi? id. poët. Div. 2, 30, 64: torpentes metu,

Liv. 28, 29, 11:

defixis oculis animoque et corpore torpet?

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 14:

cum Pausiacā torpes tabellā,

when you are lost in admiration, id. S. 2, 7, 95:

nec torpere gravi passus sua regna veterno,

Verg. G. 1, 124:

frigere ac torpere senis consilia,

Liv. 6, 23, 7:

consilia re subitā,

id. 1, 41, 3:

torpebat vox spiritusque,

id. 1, 25, 4:

Tyrii desperatione torpebant,

Curt. 4, 3, 16:

rursus ad spem et fiduciam erigere torpentes,

id. 4, 10, 7; 4, 14, 13.