dē-cŭtĭo

con-cŭtĭo, cussi, cussum, 3, v. a. [quatio, as cur = quāre].

To strike one upon another, to strike together (rare): utrum cavae manus concutiantur, an planae, Sen. Q. N. 2, 28, 1:

concussā manu dare signa,

Ov. M. 11, 465:

frameas,

Tac. G. 11.—

To shake violently, to shake, agitate (freq. and class. in prose and poetry).

Lit. (mostly poet.): concutit ungula terram, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 419 Vahl.): tonitru concussa aequora caeli, Att. ap. Non. p. 505, 8 (Trag. Rel. v. 224 Rib.); cf.:

templa caeli summa sonitu (in a parodying of pathos),

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 42; cf.:

serena caeli sonitu,

Lucr. 2, 1101; 6, 358:

grandi tonitru concussa repente Terra,

id. 5, 551; cf. id. 6, 544:

terra ingenti motu concussa est,

Liv. 3, 10, 6; Ov. M. 8, 781:

concussae cadunt urbes,

Lucr. 5, 1236: concusso terrae motu theatro, * Suet. Ner. 20:

moenia,

Ov. M. 13, 175:

freta,

id. ib. 6, 691;

7, 201: undas,

id. ib. 8, 605:

artus,

Lucr. 5, 1076; 6, 595; cf. id. 2, 949:

corpora risu,

id. 1, 918; 2, 976; cf. Juv. 3, 101; Quint. 6, 3, 9:

caput,

Ov. M. 2, 50:

caesariem,

id. ib. 1, 179; cf.

comam,

id. F. 2, 846:

tempora,

id. M. 13, 644:

manum,

id. ib. 11, 465:

pectus,

id. ib. 2, 755:

arma manu,

to hurl, id. ib. 1, 143; 7, 130; cf.:

tela lacertis,

id. ib. 12, 79:

te certo arcu,

to hit surely, Prop. 1, 7, 15:

inmissis aurigae undantia lora Concussere jugis,

Verg. A. 5, 147:

in calicibus concussis,

Plin. 35, 16, 55, § 193 Sillig N. cr.:

munimenta arietibus admotis,

Curt. 8, 2, 22:

aures Caesaris concutit fragor,

Luc. 6, 163:

corpus concutit gestatio,

Sen. Ep. 15, 6:

pectora planctu,

Stat. S. 5, 1, 179.— Pass.:

quorum (ignium) ictu concuti aera verum est,

Plin. 2, 43, 43, § 112:

corpus concutitur gestatione,

Cels. 3, 21:

majore cachinno Concutitur,

Juv. 3, 100:

concutitur sanguis,

Lucr. 3, 249.—Esp. in part. perf.:

mugitibus aether,

Verg. G. 3, 151:

risu tremulo (ora),

Lucr. 1, 919; 2, 976:

rates,

shattered, Ov. P. 2, 3, 59:

coma,

id. F. 2, 846:

corpus vulnere,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 70:

fores,

Ov. Am. 1, 6, 50:

ilex,

Verg. G. 4, 81:

quercus,

id. ib. 1, 159:

materies per artus,

Lucr. 2, 949:

Lyrnesia moenia dextrā,

Ov. M. 13, 175:

mons,

Prop. 3, 13 (4, 12), 53:

paries,

Dig. 39, 2, 18, § 11:

remo concusso tollere ratem,

Val. Fl. 1, 340.— With Gr. acc.:

pectus concussa crebris verberibus,

Luc. 2, 335.—

Se, to examine by shaking one's self; the figure taken from the searching of a thief, etc., by shaking his garments; hence, trop. equiv. to search, examine (cf. excutio):

te ipsum Concute, num qua tibi vitiorum inseverit olim Natura,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 35 Orell. ad loc. and cf. B. 3. infra.—

Trop.

To shake the power of, shake to its foundation, to shatter, cause to waver, to impair, disturb, distract:

rem publicam,

Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 109; Plin. Pan. 6, 3:

provincias magnis momentis,

Vell. 2, 78:

regnum,

Liv. 33, 19, 1:

orbem,

Tac. H. 1, 16:

opes Lacedaemoniorum,

Nep. Epam. 6, 4:

provincias magnis molimentis,

Vell. 2, 78, 1:

concusso jam et paene fracto Hannibale,

Liv. 28, 44, 11:

domum,

Tac. H. 3, 45:

concussā Transrhenanorum fide,

id. ib. 5, 25:

nondum concusso senatusconsulto,

id. A. 14, 43:

imperium Persarum,

Curt. 4, 14, 20; cf. Plin. Ep. 10, 114 (115), 3:

concussa fides,

Luc. 1, 182.—

Usually, to put in fear, terror, or anxiety, to terrify, alarm, trouble:

terrorem metum concutientem definiunt,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 19:

consules declarantur M. Tullius et C. Antonius, quod factum primo populares conjurationis concusserat,

Sall. C. 24, 1:

populum Romanum terrore Numantini belli,

Vell. 2, 90, 3; Quint. 4, 2, 37:

urbem,

Verg. A. 4, 666:

totam Asiam,

Curt. 4, 1, 20:

ingens barbaros pavor concusserat,

id. 8, 2, 24:

casu concussus acerbo,

Verg. A. 5, 700; Tac. H. 2, 99 fin.:

extemplo turbati animi concussaque vulgi Pectora,

Verg. A. 11, 451. — Poet. in a Greek constr.:

casu animum concussus amici,

Verg. A. 5, 869:

hoc concussa metu mentem Juturna virago,

id. ib. 12, 468; so Hor. S. 2, 3, 295.—

In the jurists: aliquem, to terrify one by threats, etc., in order to extort money from him, Dig. 1, 18, 6, § 3; Paul. Sent. 5, 25, 12; Cod. Th. 9, 27, 6; cf. concussio, II., concussor, and concussura.—

In gen., of any excitement of the passions: magnum et summum est deoque vicinum, non concuti. Hanc stabilem animi sedem Graeci euthumian vocant... ego tranquillitatem voco, Sen. Tranq. 2, 3:

hoc agite: Poenas petite violatae Stygis: Concutite pectus,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 105.—

To urge, excite, rouse to activity, = excitare, commovere (rare and not ante-Aug.):

fecundum concute pectus,

Verg. A. 7, 338:

tu concute plebem,

Petr. Poet. 124, 288:

se concussere ambae,

Juv. 10, 328:

non leviter se Numidia concussit,

Flor. 3, 1, 2.—Hence, * concussus, a, um, P. a., stirred up, restless:

Pallas aliquanto concussior,

Mart. Cap. 4, § 332.

dē-cŭtĭo, cussi, cussum, 3, v. a. [quatio], to shake off, strike or beat off, cast off (not freq. till after the Aug. per.; not in Caes. or Cic.).

Lit.:

decussa Cydonia ramo,

Prop. 3, 13 (4, 12), 27:

lilia,

Ov. F. 2, 707:

summa papaverum capita baculo,

Liv. 1, 54:

olivas,

Plin. 15, 3, 3, § 11:

mella foliis,

Verg. G. 1, 131: honorem ( poet. for frondem) silvis, id. ib. 2, 404:

rorem,

id. ib. 4, 12:

uncum mento fixum,

Prop. 4, 1, 141 (5, 1, 141 M.):

Victoria fulmine icta decussaque,

struck down, Liv. 26, 23; cf. id. 25, 7:

pinnas muri,

id. 40, 45; 44, 8; cf.:

partem muri arietibus,

id. 32, 17:

muros ariete,

id. 33, 17:

nidos avium sagittis,

Plin. 10, 33, 50, § 97: collem decusso Labieni praesidio celeriter occupaverunt, dislodged, Auct. B. Afr. 50 fin.; cf.:

decussus Capitolio,

Val. Max. 1, 4, 2.—In comic lang.:

ex armario argenti tantum, quantum, etc.,

to shake out, Plaut. Epid. 2, 3, 4.—

Trop.: cetera aetate [p. 525] jam sunt decussa, shaken off, thrown aside, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13, 1 (al. decursa):

ad id non accedes, ex quo tibi aliquid decuti doles,

wrested, Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 18 8 fin.

dēcŭtĭo, ire, 4, v. a. [de-cutis], to deprive of skin, to flay, Tert. ad Nat. 1, 14.

dis-cŭtĭo, cussi, cussum, 3, v. a. [quatio], to strike asunder, dash to pieces, shatter, etc.

In gen.: dentes, Lucil. ap. Non. 455, 18:

deum delubra,

Lucr. 6, 418; cf.:

columna rostrata tota ad imum fulmine discussa est,

Liv. 42, 20:

ne saxa ex catapultis lateritium discuterent,

Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 3; cf.:

aliquantum muri tribus arietibus,

Liv. 21, 12: rostro (navis) discusso, shattered, Auct. B. Alex. 46, 2; cf.:

tempora cava ictu,

Ov. M. 2, 625:

ora saxo,

id. ib. 4, 519:

percussam aquam,

Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 118:

nubes,

Ov. M. 15, 70:

discussae jubae capiti,

Verg. A. 9, 810 et saep.—

In partic.

In medic. lang., to scatter, disperse ( = digerere), Cels. 2, 17; 3, 15; Scrib. Comp. 43; Plin. 30, 15, 47, § 135 et saep. —

Pregn., to break up, scatter, disperse, dissipate.

Lit. (rarely):

illos coetus,

Liv. 2, 28; cf.:

Boeoticum consilium,

id. 42, 44:

sole orto est discussa (caligo),

id. 29, 27:

caligo,

Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 5; cf.

umbras (sol),

Verg. G. 3, 357; id. A. 12, 669:

discussa nox,

Luc. 5, 700.—Rarely with pers. objects:

Cato discutit Etruscos, Gabinius Marsos, etc.,

routs, subdues, Flor. 3, 18, 13; cf.:

hostiles turmae discussae,

Amm. 25, 1.—Far more freq. and class.,

Trop.:

terrorem animi tenebrasque,

to disperse, dispel, Lucr. 1, 148; 2, 61 al.; cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 57:

quod rem totam discusseram,

had frustrated, brought to naught, id. Q. Fr. 2, 12;

so freq.: rem,

Liv. 34, 56; 39, 10; Suet. Dom. 2 al.:

discutere et comprimere periculum consilio,

Cic. Mur. 39, 84; so,

periculum,

Liv. 2, 52; Front. Strat. 2, 11, 4:

captiones (shortly before: dissolvere interrogationes),

Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 46: omnem ejus cunctationem, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 2:

disceptationem,

Liv. 38, 13:

crimen alicujus,

Quint. 4, 2, 18:

famam,

Tac. H. 2, 9:

fidem,

Luc. 1, 119:

consilia hostium,

Front. Strat. 4, 7, 31:

seditionem,

id. ib. 1, 9, 2; Vell. 2, 81:

bellum (with sepelire),

id. 2, 75:

nefas,

Flor. 3, 18, 9 et saep. —Hence, * discussē, adv., only comp., minutely, accurately:

explorare discussius,

Mart. Cap. 9, § 891.

, to separate mentally, distinguish, as in disputare, discernere, etc.), which prevails in the post-class. derivatives: discussio, discussor, and discusse; as also in the Romance: discutere, discussare, discussione; discuter, discussion, etc., there appear to be no examples in the literary language.

ex-cŭtĭo, cussi, cussum, 3 (archaic perf. subj. excussit, for excusserit, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 2, 16), v. a. [quatio], to shake out or off, to cast out, drive out, to send forth (class., esp. in the trop. sense).

Lit.

In gen.:

posse ex his (litteris) in terram excussis annales Ennii, ut deinceps legi possint, effici,

shaken out, Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 94:

equus excussit equitem,

threw off, Liv. 8, 7, 10:

excussus equo,

Verg. A. 11, 640:

excussus curru,

id. ib. 10, 590; Suet. Caes. 37; Curt. 3, 11; cf.:

lectis excussit utrumque,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 112:

gubernatorem in mare e puppi,

Curt. 4, 4 med.; cf.

also: ancora ictu ipso excussa e nave sua,

Liv. 37, 30, 9:

lapide clavum,

to knock off, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 10:

pulvis digitis excutiendus erit,

Ov. A. A. 1, 150:

poculum e manibus,

Pers. 3, 101:

ignem de crinibus,

to shake off, Ov. M. 12, 281:

rem de manu alicujus,

to strike out, Dig. 47, 2, 53, § 13:

Pelion subjectā Ossā (Juppiter),

Ov. M. 1, 155:

poma venti,

to cast down, shake down, id. ib. 14, 764 et saep.:

ne nucifrangibula (i. e. dentes) excussit ex malis meis,

to knock out, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 2, 16; cf.:

cerebrum alicui,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 69; id. Aul. 2, 1, 29:

oculum alicui cyatho, verberibus,

id. Pers. 5, 2, 16; Suet. Tib. 53; cf.:

oculo excusso,

id. Caes. 68: ipso cum domino calce omnes excutiamus, to drive out or forth, Lucil. ap. Non. 298, 33:

Teucros vallo,

Verg. A. 9, 68:

hostem oppidis et regionibus,

Flor. 2, 6, 42:

ab obsidione Nolae urbis (with pellere a Campania),

id. ib. 29:

feras cubilibus,

to scare, rouse up, Plin. Pan. 81, 1:

si flava excutitur Chloë,

be shaken off, cast off, Hor. C. 3, 9, 19:

(viros) excussos patriā infesta sequi,

Verg. A. 7, 299:

ut me excutiam atque egrediar domo,

take myself off, decamp, Ter. Ph. 4, 1, 20:

quartanas,

to drive away, Plin. 20, 6, 23, § 56 et saep.:

(leo) gaudet comantes Excutiens cervice toros,

shaking about, shaking, Verg. A. 12, 7; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 71:

caesariem,

Ov. M. 4, 492:

pennas,

id. ib. 6, 703:

habenas,

id. ib. 5, 404; cf.:

nares inflare et movere... et pulso subito spiritu excutere, etc.,

to blow up, dilate, Quint. 11, 3, 80:

se (gallinae edito ovo),

Plin. 10, 41, 57, § 116:

tela,

to hurl, discharge, Tac. A. 2, 20; cf. Curt. 8, 13:

fulmen in Thebas,

Stat. Th. 10, 69:

excussaque brachia jacto,

tossed, Ov. M. 5, 596; id. H. 18, 189:

(aër) Excussit calidum flammis velocibus ignem,

sends out, produces, Lucr. 6, 688; cf. id. 6, 161: largum imbrem (procellae), Curt. 4, 7:

lacrimas alicui,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 59; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 15:

vomitum alicui,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 3, 15:

sudorem,

Nep. Eum. 5 et saep.— Transf.:

excutior somno,

I am roused from sleep, Verg. A. 2, 302; Ov. H. 13, 111; Hor. S. 2, 6, 112.—

In partic., to shake out, shake.

Esp. a garment, to free it from dust:

vexatam solo vestem,

Petr. 128, 4; Vulg. Act. 18, 6; cf.:

excutere de pulvere,

shake yourself, Vulg. Isa. 52, 2; and:

pulverem de pedibus,

id. Matt. 10, 14.—

To stir, move any thing to see under it; and hence, to search, examine a person: St. Di me perdant, si ego tui quicquam abstuli. Eu. Agedum, excutedum pallium, Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 19; so,

culcitisque et stragulis praetentatis et excussis,

Suet. Claud. 35.—With personal objects: excutiuntur tabellarii, Asin. Poll. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 4; cf.:

verum (porcellum) ut subesse pallio contenderent Et excuti juberent,

Phaedr. 5, 5, 19:

non excutio te, si quid forte ferri habuisti: non scrutor,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97.

Trop.

In gen., to shake out or off, force away, etc.:

omnes istorum delicias, omnes ineptias,

to shake off, discard, Cic. Cael. 28, 67:

noli aculeos orationis meae, qui reconditi sunt, excussos arbitrari,

plucked out, removed, id. Sull. 16, 47:

omnia ista nobis studia de manibus excutiuntur,

are torn, wrested from our hands, id. Mur. 14, 30; cf.:

hanc excutere opinionem mihimet volui radicitus,

id. Tusc. 1, 46, 111:

severitatem veterem,

id. Fam. 9, 10, 2; cf.

also: excutient tibi istam verborum jactationem,

id. Sull. 8, 24:

excute corde metum,

remove, banish, Ov. M. 3, 689:

diros amores,

id. ib. 10, 426:

orbem paci excutere,

to banish peace from the world, Luc. 1, 69:

omnis quae erat conceptae mentis intentio mora et interdum iracundia excutitur,

Quint. 10, 3, 20:

quem (Senecam) non equidem omnino conabar excutere,

id. 10, 1, 126:

aliena negotia curo, excussus propriis,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 20:

dummodo risum excutiat sibi,

can raise, produce, id. ib. 1, 4, 35. —

In partic. (acc. to I. B.), to search, examine, inspect, investigate:

explicando excutiendoque verbo,

Cic. Part. Or. 36, 134; cf.: pervulgata atque in manibus jactata et excussa, qs. shaken out, i. e. examined, id. Mur. 12. 26:

illud excutiendum est, ut sciatur quid sit carere,

id. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:

quae fere omnia Cicero in crimine veneficii excutit,

Quint. 5, 7, 37; 12, 8, 13:

totum locum,

id. 5, 7, 6:

aut conjecturā excutiuntur, an vera sint, etc.,

id. 5, 13, 19 et saep.— Hence, excussus, a, um, P. a., stretched out, extended, stiff (post-Aug. and rare):

interest, utrum tela excusso lacerto torqueantur, an remissa manu effluant,

Sen. Ben. 2, 6; so,

lacerto,

Ov. H. 4, 43:

palma excussissima,

Petr. 95.— Adv.: excussē, strongly, violently:

mittere pilam (with rigide, opp. languidius),

Sen. Ben. 2, 17, 4.

per-cŭtĭo, cussi, cussum, 3 ( perf. contr. percusti for percussisti, Hor. S. 2, 3, 273), v. a. [quatio].

(With the notion of the per predominating.) To strike through and through, to thrust or pierce through (syn.: percello, transfigo).

Lit.:

percussus cultello,

Varr. R. R. 1, 69, 2:

gladio percussus,

Cic. Mil. 24, 65:

Mamilio pectus percussum,

Liv. 2, 19, 8:

coxam Aeneae,

Juv. 15, 66:

vena percutitur,

a vein is opened, blood is let, Sen. Ep. 70, 13:

fossam,

to cut through, dig a trench, Front. Strat. 3, 17; Plin. Ep. 10, 50, 4.—

Transf., to slay, kill (class.; cf.:

neco, perimo, ico, ferio): aliquem securi,

to behead, Cic. Pis. 34, 84; id. Fin. 1, 7, 23:

collum percussa securi Victima,

Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 5; Liv. 39, 43:

aliquem veneno,

App. M. 10, p. 252, 21:

hostem,

Suet. Calig. 3; Ov. H. 4, 94.—Hence, percutere foedus, to make a league, conclude a treaty (because an animal was slaughtered on the occasion;

only post-Aug. for ferio, ico), Auct. B. Alex. 44: cum Albanis foedus percussit,

Just. 42, 3, 4; 43, 5, 10; Vulg. 3 Reg. 5, 12.—

(With the idea of the verb predominating.) To strike, beat, hit, smite, shoot, etc. (cf.: ico, pulso, ferio).

Lit.

In gen. (class.):

ceu lapidem si Percutiat lapis aut ferrum,

Lucr. 6, 162:

cum Cato percussus esset ab eo, qui arcam ferebat,

had been struck, Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 279:

januam manu,

Tib. 1, 5, 68; 1, 6, 3:

turres de caelo percussae,

struck with lightning, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19; cf.:

hunc nec Juppiter fulmine percussit,

id. N. D. 3, 35, 84:

percussus ab aspide calcatā,

stung, bitten, Plin. 23, 1, 27, § 56; cf.: PERCVSSVS A VIPERA, Inscr. Vermigl. Iscriz. Perug. p. 319; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 30; 28, 4, 10, § 44:

color percussus luce refulgit,

struck, Lucr. 2, 799; cf. Ov. M. 6, 63; Val. Fl. 1, 495:

auriculae (voce) percussae,

Prop. 1, 16, 28:

percussus vocibus circus,

Sil. 16, 398.— Neutr.:

sol percussit super caput,

Vulg. Jonae, 4, 8.—

In partic.

To strike, stamp, coin money (post-Aug.):

ut nummum argenteum notā sideris Capricorni percusserit,

Suet. Aug. 94; id. Ner. 25. —

To strike, play a musical instrument ( poet.):

lyram,

Ov. Am. 3, 12, 40; Val. Fl. 5, 100.—

As t. t. in weaving, to throw the shuttle with the woof: (lacernae) male percussae textoris pectine Galli, badly or coarsely woven, Juv. 9, 30.—

Haec meraclo se percussit flore Libyco (=vino Mareotico), to get drunk, Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 16 (cf.: sauciare se flore Liberi, Enn. ap. Fulg. 562, 25).—

Trop.

To smite, strike, visit with calamity of any kind (class.):

percussus calamitate,

Cic. Mur. 24, 49:

percussus fortunae vulnere,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 11:

ruina,

Vulg. Zach. 14, 18: anathemate. id. Mal. 4, 6:

plaga,

id. 1 Macc. 1, 32:

in stuporem,

id. Zach. 12, 4.—

To strike, shock, make an impression upon, affect deeply, move, astound (class.):

percussisti me de oratione prolatā,

Cic. Att. 3, 12, 3; id. Mil. 29, 79: audivi ex Gavio, Romae esse hominem, et fuisse assiduum: percussit animum, it struck me, made me suspicious, id. Att. 4, 8, b, 3:

animos probabilitate,

id. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:

percussus atrocissimis litteris,

id. Fam. 9, 25, 3:

fragor aurem percutit,

Juv. 11, 98.—

To cheat, deceive, impose upon one (class.):

aliquem probe,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 9:

hominem eruditum,

Cic. Fl. 20, 46:

hominem strategemate,

id. Att. 5, 2, 2:

aliquem palpo,

to flatter, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 28.—

(Acc. to II. A. 2. a.) To strike, stamp (post-Aug.):

facta dictaque tua unā formā percussa sunt,

Sen. Ep. 34, 3.

suc-cŭtĭo ( subc-), ussi, ussum, 3, v. a. [sub-quatio], to fling up from below, fling aloft, toss up ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

Lit.:

orbes rotarum,

Lucr. 6, 551:

currus alte,

Ov. M. 2, 166:

mare,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 1, 1:

vasculum,

App. M. 2, p. 166:

caput,

id. Mag. p. 333 et saep.—

Trop.:

vultūs succussus,

Val. Max. 6, 9 ext. 5.

suc-cŭtĭo ( subc-), ussi, ussum, 3, v. a. [sub-quatio], to fling up from below, fling aloft, toss up ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

Lit.:

orbes rotarum,

Lucr. 6, 551:

currus alte,

Ov. M. 2, 166:

mare,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 1, 1:

vasculum,

App. M. 2, p. 166:

caput,

id. Mag. p. 333 et saep.—

Trop.:

vultūs succussus,

Val. Max. 6, 9 ext. 5.