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81 unless
ən'les1) (if not: Don't come unless I telephone.) a menos que2) (except when: The directors have a meeting every Friday, unless there is nothing to discuss.) a menos que; excepto cuandounless conj a menos que / a no ser que / si notr[ən'les]1 a menos que, a no ser que1 salvo, excepto■ this agreement is binding unless otherwise provided este acuerdo es obligatorio salvo disposición contrariaunless [ən'lɛs] conj: a menos que, salvo que, a no ser queconj.• a menos que conj.• a no ser que conj.prep.• excepto prep.ʌn'les, ən-conjunction a no ser que (+ subj), a menos que (+ subj)unless I'm very much mistaken — si no estoy muy equivocada, a menos que or a no ser que esté muy equivocada
[ǝn'les]CONJ a menos que + subjun, a no ser que + subjununless he comes tomorrow — a menos que venga mañana, a no ser que venga mañana
unless I hear to the contrary — a menos que me digan lo contrario, a no ser que me digan lo contrario
I won't come unless you phone me — no vendré a menos que me llames, no vendré a no ser que me llames
unless I am mistaken, we're lost — si no me equivoco, estamos perdidos
* * *[ʌn'les, ən-]conjunction a no ser que (+ subj), a menos que (+ subj)unless I'm very much mistaken — si no estoy muy equivocada, a menos que or a no ser que esté muy equivocada
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82 absprachewidrig
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83 anderslautende Bestimmungen
Bestimmungen fpl: anderslautende Bestimmungen fpl conflicting provisions pl; agreement at variance; rules pl to the contrary -
84 spirit
n1) дух; моральная сила3) pl настроение; атмосфера•to infuse / to put spirit into smb — воодушевлять кого-л.
- defiant spiritto show a mean spirit — проявлять / показывать себя с дурной стороны
- democratic spirit
- evil spirit
- friendly and cooperative spirit
- good spirit
- greatness of spirit
- high moral spirit
- in a spirit of reciprocity
- in accordance with the spirit of
- man of spirit
- man of unbending spirit
- martial spirit
- national spirit
- public spirit
- spirit of bayonet
- spirit of discontent
- spirit of harmony
- spirit of reconciliation
- spirit of struggle
- spirit of the age
- spirit of the agreement
- spirit of the speech
- spirit of the time
- team spirit -
85 पूर्व _pūrva
पूर्व a. (Declined like a pronoun when it implies relative position in time or space, but optionally so in nom. pl.; and abl. and loc. sing.)1 Being in front of, first, foremost.-2 Eastern, easterly, to the east of; ग्रामात् पर्वतः पूर्वः Sk.; पूर्वापरौ तोयनिधी वगाह्य Ku.1.1.-3 Previous to, earlier than; ब्राह्मणे साहसः पूर्वः Ms.8.276.-4 Old, ancient; पूर्वसूरिभिः R.1.4; इदं कविभ्यः पूर्वेभ्यो नमोवाकं प्रशास्महे U.1.1.-5 Former, previous, anterior, prior, antecedent (opp. उत्तर); in this sense often at the end of comp. and translated by 'formerly.' or 'before'; श्रुतपूर्व &c.; व्यतीता या निशा पूर्वा पौराणां हर्षवर्धिनी Rām.7.37.1.-6 Aforesaid, before-mentioned.-7 Initial.-8 Established, customary, of long standing-9 Early, prime, पूर्वे वयसि Pt.1.165 'in early age or prime of life.-1 Elder (ज्येष्ठ); रामः पूर्वो हि नो भ्राता भविष्यति महीपतिः Rām.2.79.8.-11 (At the end of comp.) Preceded by, accompanied by, attended with; संबन्धमा भाषणपूर्वमाहुः R.2.58; पुण्यः शब्दो मुनिरिति मुहुः केवलं राजपूर्वः Ś2.17; तान् स्मितपूर्वमाह Ku.7.47; बहुमानपूर्वया 5.31; दशपूर्वरथं यमाख्यया दशकण्ठारिगुरुं विदुर्बुधाः R.8.29; so मतिपूर्वम् Ms.11.147 'intentionally', 'knowingly'; 12.89; अबोधपूर्वम् 'unconsciously', Ś.5.2. &c.-र्वः An ancestor, a forefather; पूर्वैः किलायं परिवर्धितो नः R.13.3; पयः पूर्वैः सनिश्वासैः कवोष्णमुपभुज्यते 1.67;5.14; अनुकारिणि पूर्वेषां युक्तरूपमिदं त्वयि Ś.2.17.-र्वम् The fore- part; अनवरतधनुर्ज्यास्फालनक्रूरपूर्वम् (गात्रम्) Ś.2.4.-र्वा 1 The east-2 N. of a country to the east of Madhya- deśa.-र्वम् ind.1 Before (with abl.); मासात् पूर्वम्.-2 Formerly, previously, at first, antecedently, before- hand; तं पूर्वमभिवादयेत् Ms.2.117;3.94;8.25;; R. 12.35; प्रणिपातपूर्वम् K; भूतपूर्वखरालयम् U.2.17 'which formerly was the abode', &c.; समयपूर्वम् Ś.5. 'after a formal agreement.'-3 Immemorially. (पूर्वेण 'in front', 'before', 'to the east of', with gen. or acc.; अद्य पूर्वम् 'till-now', 'hitherto';पूर्वः -ततः -पश्चात् -उपरि 'first- then, first-afterwards', 'previously, subsequently',पूर्वम् -अधुना or-अद्य 'formerly-now.'-Comp. -अग्निः the sacred fire kept in the house (आवसथ्य).-अङ्गः the first day in the civil month.-अचलः, -अद्रिः the eastern mountain behind which the sun and moon are supposed to rise.-अधिकारिन् m. the first occu- pant, a prior owner.-अन्तः the end of a preceding word.- अपर a.1 eastern and western; कतमो$यं पूर्वापर- समुद्रावगाढः सानुमानालोक्यते Ś.7; पूर्वापरौ तोयनिधी वगाह्य Ku. 1.1.-2 first and last.-3 prior and subsequent, pre- ceding and following.-4 connected with another.(-रम्) 1 what is before and behind.-2 connection; न च पूर्वापरं विद्यात् Ms.8.56.-3 the proof and the thing to be proved. ˚विरोधः inconsistency, incongruity.-अभि- मुख a. turned towards or facing the east.-अभ्यासः former practice or experience.-अम्बुधिः the eastern ocean.-अर्जित a. attained by former works. (-तम्) ancestral property.-अर्धः, -र्धम् 1 the first half; दिनस्य पूर्वार्धपरार्धभिन्ना छायेव मैत्री खलसज्जनानाम् Bh.2.6; समाप्तं पूर्वार्धम् &c.-2 the upper part (of the body); शकुन्तला पूर्वार्धेन शयनादुत्थाय Ś.3; R.16.6.-3 the first half of a hemistich.-अवसायिन् a. what occurs first or earlier; पूर्वावसायिनश्च बलीयांसो जघन्यावसायिभ्यः ŚB. on MS.12.2.34.-अह्णः the earlier part of the day, forenoon; Ms.4. 96,152. श्वः कार्यमद्य कुर्वीत पूर्वाह्णे चापराह्णिकम् (पूर्वाह्णतन, पूर्वा- ह्णिकः, पूर्वाह्णेतन a. relating to the forenoon).-आवेदकः a plaintiff.-आषाढा N. of the 2th lunar mansion con- sisting of two stars.- इतर a. western.-उक्त, -उदित a. beforementioned, aforesaid,-उत्तर a. north-eastern. (-रा) the north-east. (-रे dual) the preceding and following, antecedent and subsequent.-कर्मन् n.1 a former act or work.-2 the first thing to be done, a prior work.-3 actions done in a former life.-4 preparations, preliminary arrangements.-कल्पः former times.-कायः 1 the fore-part of the body of animals; पश्चार्धेन प्रविष्टः शरपतनभयाद् भूयसा पूर्वकायम् Ś.1.7.-2 the upper part of the body of men; स्पृशन् करेणानतपूर्वकायम् R.5.32; पर्यङ्कबन्धस्थिरपूर्वकायम् Ku.3.45.-काल a. belonging to ancient times. (-लः) former or ancient times.-कालिक, -कालीन a. ancient.-काष्ठा the east, eastern quarter.-कृत a. previously done. (-तम्) an act done in a former life.-कोटिः f. the starting point of a debate, the first statement or पूर्वपक्ष q. v.-क्रिया preparation.-गा N. of the river Godāvarī.-गङ्गा N. of the river Narmadā; रेवेन्दुजा पूर्वगङ्गा नर्मदा मेकलीद्रिजा Abh. Chin.183.-चोदित a.1 aforesaid, above-men- tioned.-2 previously stated or advanced (as an objec- tion.-ज a.1 born or produced before or formerly, first-produced, first-born; यमयोः पूर्वजः पार्थः Mb.3.141. 11.-2 ancient, old.-3 eastern.(-जः) 1 an elder brother; अपहाय महीशमार्चिचत् सदसि त्वां ननु भामपूर्वजः; Śi. 16.44; R.15.36.-2 the son of the elder wife.-3 an ancestor, a forefather; स पूर्वजानां कपिलेन रोषात् R.16.34.-4 (pl.) the progenitors of mankind.-5 the manes living in the world of the moon. (-जा) an elder sister.-जन्मन् n. a former birth. (-m.) an elder brother; स लक्ष्मणं लक्ष्मणपूर्वजन्मा (विलोक्य) R.14.44.;15.95.-जातिः f. a former birth.-ज्ञानम् knowledge of a former life.-तापनीयम् N. of the first half of नृसिंहतापनीयोपनिषद्.-दक्षिण a. south-eastern. (-णा) the south-east.-दिक्पतिः Indra, the regent of the east.-दिनम् the forenoon.-दिश् f. the east.-दिश्य a. situated towards the east, eastern.-दिष्टम् the award of destiny.-दृष्ट a.1 primæval.-2 declared by the ancients; यथा ब्राह्मण- चाण्डालः पूर्वदृष्टस्तथैव सः Ms.9.87.-देवः 1 an ancient deity.-2 a demon or Asura; भूमिदेवनरदेवसंगमे पूर्वदेवरिपुरर्हणां हरिः Śi.14.58.-3 a progenitor (पितृ).-4 (du.) an epithet of Nara-Nārāyaṇa; सव्यसाचिन् महाबाहो पूर्वदेव सनातन Mb.3. 41.35. (com. पूर्वदेव नरनारायणसख).-देवता a progenitor (पितृ) of gods or of men; अक्रोधनाः शौचपराः सततं ब्रह्म- चारिणः । न्यस्तशस्त्रा महाभागाः पितरः पूर्वदेवताः ॥ Ms.3.192.-देशः the eastern country, or the eastern part of India.-द्वार a. favourable in the eastern region.-निपातः the irregular priority of a word in a compound; cf. परनिपात.-निमित्त an omen.-निविष्ट a. made formerly, in past; यस्तु पूर्वनिविष्टस्य तडागस्योदकं हरेत् Ms.9.281.-पक्षः 1 the fore-part or side.-2 the first half of a lunar month; सर्वं पूर्वपक्षापरपक्षाभ्यामभिपन्नम् Bṛi. Up.3.1.5.-3 the first part of an argument, the prima facie argument or view of a question; विषयो विशयश्चैव पूर्वपक्षस्तथोत्तरम्.-4 the first objection to an argument.-5 the statement of the plaintiff.-6 a suit at law.-7 an assertion, a proposi- tion. ˚पादः the plaint, the first stage of a legal proceeding.-पदम् the first member of a compound or sentence.-पर्वतः the eastern mountain behind which the sun is supposed to rise.-पश्चात्, -पश्चिम ind. from the east to the west.-पाञ्चालक a. belonging to the eastern Pañch- ālas.-पाणिनीयाः m. (pl.) the disciples of Pāṇini living in the east.-पालिन् m. an epithet of Indra.-पितामहः a forefather, an ancestor; अब्रवीद् हि स मां क्रुद्धस्तव पूर्वपितामहः । मूत्रश्लेष्माशनः पाप निरयं प्रतिपत्स्यसे ॥ Mb.12.3.21.-पीठिका introduction.-पुरुषः 1 an epithet of Brahmā.-2 anyone of the first three ancestors, beginning with the father (पितृ, पितामह, and प्रपितामह); Pt.1.89.-3 an ancestor in general.-पूर्व a. each preceding one. (-र्वाः) m. (pl.) forefathers.-प्रोष्ठपदा = पूर्वभाद्रपदा; Mb.13.89.13.-फल्गुनी the eleventh lunar mansion containing two stars. ˚भवः an epithet of the planet Jupiter.-बन्धुः first or best friend; Mk.-भवः a former life.-भागः 1 the forepart.-2 the upper part.-भा(भ)द्रपदा the twentyfifth lunar mansion containing two stars.-भावः 1 priority.-2 prior or antecedent existence; येन सहैव यस्य यं प्रति पूर्वभावो$वगम्यते Tarka K.-3 (Rhet.) disclosing an intention.-भाषिन् a. willing to speak first; hence polite, courteous.-भुक्तिः f. prior occupation or possession; Ms.8.252.-भूत a. preceding, previous.-मध्याह्नः the forenoon.-मारिन् a. dying before; एवंवृत्तां सवर्णां स्त्रीं द्विजातिः पूर्वमारिणीम् (दाहयेत्) Ms.5.167.-मीमांसा 'the prior or first Mīmāṁsā', an inquiry into the first or ritual portion of the Veda, as opposed to the उत्तरमीमांसा or वेदान्त; see मीमांसा.-मुख a. having the face turned towards the east.-याम्य a. south-eastern.-रङ्गः the commencement or prelude of a drama, the prologue; यन्नाठ्यवस्तुनः पूर्वं रङ्गविघ्नोपशान्तये । कुशीलवाः प्रकुर्वन्ति पूर्वरङ्गः स उच्यते ॥ D. R; पूर्वरङ्गं विधायैव सूत्रधारो निवर्तते S. D.283; पूर्वरङ्गः प्रसंगाय नाटकीयस्य वस्तुनः Śi.2.8. (see Malli. there- on).-रागः the dawning or incipient love, love between two persons which springs (from some previous cause) before their meeting; श्रवणाद् दर्शनाद् वापि मिथः संरूढरागयोः । दशाविशेषोयो$प्राप्तौ पूर्वरागः स उच्यते ॥ S. D.214.-रात्रः the first part of the night (from dusk to midnight).-रूपम् 1 indication of an approaching change; an omen.-2 a symptom of occuring disease.-3 the first of two con- current vowels or consonants that is retained.-4 (in Rhet.) a figure of speech which consists in describing anything as suddenly resuming its former state.-लक्षणम् a symptom of coming sickness.-वयस् a. young. (-n.) youth.-वर्तिन् a. existing before, prior, previous.-वाक्यम् (in dram.) an allusion to former utterance.-वादः the first plea or commencement of an action at law; पूर्ववादं परित्यज्य यो$न्यमालम्बते पुनः । पदसंक्रमणाद् ज्ञेयो हीनवादी स वै नरः ॥ Mitā.-वादिन् m. the complainant or plaintiff.-विद् a. knowing the events of the past; historian; पृथोरपीमां पृथिवीं भार्यां पूर्वविदो विदुः Ms.9.44.-विप्रतिषेधः the conflict of two statements contrary to each other.-विहित a. deposited before.-वृत्तम् 1 a former event; पूर्ववृत्तकथितैः पुराविदः सानुजः पितृ- सखस्य राघवः (अह्यमानः) R.11.1.-2 previous conduct.-वैरिन् a. one who first commences hostilities, an ag- gressor.-शारद a. relating to the first half of autumn.-शैलः see पूर्वपर्वत.-सक्थम् the upper part of the thigh. P. V.4.98.-संचित a. gathered before (as in former birth); त्यजेदाश्वयुजे मासि मुन्यन्नं पूर्वसंचितम् Ms.6.15.-सन्ध्या daybreak, dawn; रजनिमचिरजाता पूर्वसंध्या सुतैव (अनुपतति) Si.11.4.-सर a. going in front.-सागरः the eastern ocean; स सेनां महतीं कर्षन् पूर्वसागरगामिनीम् R.4.32.-साहसः the first of the three fines; स दाप्यः पूर्वसाहसम् Ms.9.281.-स्थितिः f. former or first state. -
86 प्रतिज्ञा _pratijñā
1प्रतिज्ञा 9 Ā.1 To promise, declare solemnly, engage, agree, vow; हरचापारोपणेन कन्यादानं प्रतिजानीते P. R.4.-2 To state, affirm, assert, maintain, allege.-3 To bring forward or introduce, adduce.-4 To admit, own, acknowledge.-5 To confirm.-6 To approve, consent.-7 To observe, learn, discern.-8 To propose.-9 To remember with regret.-1 To become aware of; कौन्तेय प्रतिजानीहि न मे भक्तः प्रणश्यति Bg.9.31.2प्रतिज्ञा 1 Admission, acknowledgment.-2 A vow, promise, engagement, solemn declaration; दैवात् तीर्णप्रतिज्ञः Mu.4.12; तीर्त्वा जवेनैव नितान्तदुस्तरां नदीं प्रतिज्ञामिव तां गरीयसीम् Śi.12.74.-3 A statement, assertion, declaration, affirmation.-4 (In Nyāya phil.) A propo- sition, statement of the proposition to be proved, the first member of the five-membered Indian syllogism; साध्यनिर्देशः प्रतिज्ञा यथा पर्वतो वह्निमान् Gautamasūtram; see under न्याय; (पर्वतो वह्निमान् is the usual instance).-5 (In Law) A plaint, an indictment.-Comp. -अन्तरम् (in logic) a subsequent proposition on failure of the first.-पत्रम्, -पत्रकम् a bond, written contract or docu- ment.-परिपालनम्, -पालनम् keeping one's word.-पारणम् fulfilment of a vow.-भङ्गः breach of promise.-विरोधः 1 breaking an agreement, acting contrary to promise.-2 denial of a logical proposition.-विवाहित a. betrothed.-संन्यासः 1 breaking a promise.-2 (in logic) abandonment of the original proposition; also प्रतिज्ञाहानि in this sense; प्रतिज्ञानार्थाय नयनं प्रतिज्ञासंन्यासः. -
87 प्रतिज्ञाविरोध
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88 provision
provision [prəˈvɪʒən]1. nouna. ( = supply) provision f• to make provision for [+ one's family, dependents] pourvoir aux besoins de ; [+ future] prendre des dispositions pourc. ( = stipulation) disposition f2. plural noun* * *[prə'vɪʒn] 1.1) (of housing, information, facility, equipment) mise f à disposition; ( of food) approvisionnement m; ( of service) prestation fhealth care provision — services mpl pour la santé
2) ( for future) dispositions fpl2.provision to the contrary — stipulation f du contraire
provisions plural noun ( food) provisions fpl -
89 vertragswidrig
vertragswidrig contrary to the agreementDeutsch-Englisch Fachwörterbuch Architektur und Bauwesen > vertragswidrig
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90 соответствовать
(кому-л./чему-л.)несовер.correspond (to/with), conform (to), agree (with), comply (with), be in keeping/line (with)Каждому знаку соответствует свой жест. — For every sign there is a certain gesture.
не соответствовать (требованиям и т.п.) — to fall short (of)
не соответствовать — to be not corresponding with/to, not to agree with, to be inconsistent (with)
соответствовать обстановке — to meet/fit the situation
соответствовать требованиям — to meet/satisfy the requirements
Русско-английский словарь по общей лексике > соответствовать
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91 условие услови·е
1) condition; (договора и т.п.) term, provisionвключить условие (в договор) — to insert a provision (in a treaty)
выполнить условия — to meet / to fulfil the conditions
договориться об условиях — to make / to settle the terms
поставить условие — to tie a string (to)
помогать, не выставляя никаких условий — to assist without any strings (attached)
предложить условия — to propose stipulations / conditions
придерживаться условий — to hold to terms / conditions
принимать условия — to accept terms / conditions
сделать условие (договора) недействительным — to make a provision void
согласиться на условия — to agree to (smb.'s) terms / conditions, to make terms (with)
взаимовыгодные условия — mutually advantageous / beneficial terms
выгодные условия — beneficial / advantageous terms
единые / совпадающие условия — concurrent conditions
единственным условием является... — the only stipulation is...
льготные условия — concessionary / easy / favourable / preferential / soft terms
кабальные условия — enslaving / crippling / crushing terms
неопределённые / нечёткие условия — ambiguous terms
неотъемлемое / непременное условие — indispensable condition; sine qua non (condition) лат.
обременительные условия — onerous terms; (платежа) exacting terms
предварительное условие — precondition, preliminary condition
существенные условия (договора и т.п.) — substantive provisions
технические условия — specifications, rules
выполнение условий — fulfilment of conditions / terms
условия договора — terms of the treaty, treaty provisions
условия, достигнутые в результате переговоров — negotiated terms
условия, необходимые с юридической точки зрения — juridical requirements
условие, несовместимое с целью договора — repugnant condition
условие оплаты / платежа — terms of payment
без каких-л. условий — without any strings (attached)
на любых условиях — on equal terms / footing
при условии, что... — on the assumption of..., on / upon condition that, under / on the stipulation that...
2) мн. (обстоятельства) conditionsжилищные условия — housing / living conditions
объективные условия — objective conditions / reasons
реальные условия — real / realistic conditions
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92 antagonism
1. n вражда; враждебность; неприятие; сопротивлениеher plan to become an actress met with antagonism of her family — её намерение стать актрисой натолкнулось на сопротивление всей семьи
2. n антагонизм, противоборство3. n антагонистическое противоречиеСинонимический ряд:1. discord (noun) antithesis; con; conflict; contradistinction; contraposition; contrariety; contrary; discord; dissension; friction; opposition; opposure; polarity; strife2. enmity (noun) animosity; animus; antipathy; aversion; dislike; enmity; hatred; hostility; rancor; repellenceАнтонимический ряд:agreement; harmony -
93 provision
A n1 ( supplying) (of housing, information, facility, equipment) mise f à disposition (to à) ; ( of food) approvisionnement m (to à) ; ( of service) prestation f (to à) ; health care provision services mpl pour la santé ; to be responsible for the provision of transport/teachers être responsable d'assurer le transport/de fournir des enseignants ;2 (for future, old age) précautions fpl, dispositions fpl (for pour ; against contre) ; to make provision for prendre des dispositions pour ;3 Jur, Admin ( stipulation) (of agreement, treaty) clause f ; (of bill, act) disposition f ; provision to the contrary stipulation f du contraire ; to make provision for prévoir ; under the provisions of aux termes de ; with the provision that à la condition que (+ subj) ; within the provisions of the treaty dans le cadre du traité ; to exclude sth from its provisions [act, treaty] exclure qch de ses termes. -
94 etwaige entgegenstehende Vereinbarungen
Deutsch-Englisches Wörterbuch > etwaige entgegenstehende Vereinbarungen
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95 γνώμη
γνώμη, ης, ἡ (s. γινώσκω; w. var. mngs. since Pind., Pre-Socr.; BSnell, Die Ausdrücke f. den Begriff des Wissens in der vorplatonischen Philosophie 1924, 20–30; Hdt.+)① that which is purposed or intended, purpose, intention, mind, mind-set ἐν αὐτῇ γνώμῃ in unity of mind 1 Cor 1:10; sim. Rv 17:13 (μία γνώμη as Demosth. 10, 59; Plut., Cam. 150 [40, 2]; Ael. Aristid. 23, 31 K.=42 p. 778 D.; SIG 135, 21; Pollux 8, 151 μίαν γ. ἔχειν; Philo, Mos. 1, 235; Jos., Ant. 7, 60; 276; s. WvanUnnik in: Studies in John Presented to Prof. Dr. JSevenster, ’70, 209–20). ἐν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ γνώμῃ under the control of the mind of J. C. IEph 3:2; IPhld ins; ἡ εἰς θεὸν γ. mind directed toward God IRo 7:1; IPhld 1:2; ἡ ἐν θεῷ γ. mind fixed in God IPol 1:1. γ. τοῦ θεοῦ purpose/will of God IEph 3:2 (here also Christ as τοῦ πατρὸς ἡ γ., i.e., the personification of what God has in mind for appropriate conduct.—Jos., Ant. 2, 309; 3, 16; 17 τοῦ θεοῦ γ. is clearly God’s will. Likew. Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 100 §421 κατὰ γνώμην θεῶν; IAndrosIsis, Kyme 40 p. 124 Peek; OGI 383, 110 [I B.C.]; Just., D. 95, 2; 125, 4; Tat. 32, 2); IRo 8:3; ISm 6:2; IPol 8:1; ἡ τ. ἐπισκόπου γ. IEph 4:1; of the devil θλιβέντες τῇ γνώμῃ αὐτοῦ oppressed by his design IPhld 6:2 (γνώμῃ as instrumental dat. in Pind., N. 10, 89). γ. ἀγαθή good will or motive B 21:2 (cp. SIG 75, 28).—γ. ὀρθή IEph 1:1 v.l. (Lghtf.); γ. ἀλλοτρία=(behaves) in a contrary state of mind IPhld 3:3 (cp. 2 below).—As used in diplomatic parlance (s. OGI 315, 82f al.) B 2:9 of divine attitude or disposition = mind-set.② a viewpoint or way of thinking about a matter, opinion, judgment, way of thinking (earliest use Hdt. 1, 120 [Parm. 8, 61 is questionable]; Dio Chrys. 55 [72], 12 ἑπτὰ σοφῶν τ. γνώμας; Vi. Aesopi G 20 ἡ τοῦ φίλου γνώμη; Sir 6:23; 2 Macc 14:20; 4 Macc 9:27; Jos., Ant. 13, 416) Ac 4:18 D; κατὰ τὴν ἐμὴν γ. in my judgment 1 Cor 7:40 (κατὰ τ. γ. as PPetr II, 11; I, 1; Wsd 7:15); γ. διδόναι express an opinion, appraise a matter, offer counsel or direction (for the phrase cp. Diod S 20, 16, 1 τ. ἐναντίαν δοὺς γνώμην; for the sense ‘direction, guidance’ s. also Iren. 4, 37, 2 [Harv. II 287, 8]) 1 Cor 7:25; 2 Cor 8:10; ἀλλοτρία γ. alien view IPhld 3:3 (cp. Just., D. 35, 6 of heresies). This mng. is poss. Phlm 14, and the phrase χωρὶς τῆς σῆς γ. can be understood in the sense without your input, but s. 3 below.③ the act of expressing agreement with a body of data, approval (Polyb. 2, 21, 3 Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 96 §403 γ. δημοκρατικῆς διανοίας=showing preference for republican government; Jos., Ant. 18, 336) χωρὶς τῆς σῆς γ. Phlm 14: numerous versions (incl. NRSV, REB) and comm. favor approval, consent (s. 2 above); also ἄνευ γνώμης σου IPol 4:1 (exx. fr. Hellenistic times for both in Nägeli 33; also Diod S 16, 50, 8 ἄνευ τῆς ἐκείνου γνώμης; IAndrosIsis [δοξάζω 2]; UPZ 112, III 3 [III B.C.] al.). μετὰ γνώμης τινός w. someone’s approval (Isaeus 2, 8; Demosth. 25, 10; Diod S 16, 91, 2 μετὰ τῆς τῶν θεῶν γνώμης; UPZ 27, 1 [II B.C. al.) IPol 5:2. S. Renehan ’82, 49.④ a declaration that expresses formal consideration of a matter, declaration, decision, resolution (freq. used as a t.t. for official proposals and proclamations: s. Herodas 2, 86 γνώμῃ δικαίῃ of judges; IPriene 105, 31 [9 B.C.] γνώμη τοῦ ἀρχιερέως; POxy 54, 12; PFay 20, 4; PBrem 15, 8 al.) of God Rv 17:17; w. impv. foll. γ. ἀγαθή gracious pronouncement i.e. a declaration that displays God’s gracious disposition 1 Cl 8:2. Sim. resolve, decision (Thu. 1, 53, 2; 2, 86, 5 γ. ἔχοντες μὴ ἐκπλεῖν; POxy 1280, 5 ἑκουσίᾳ καὶ αὐθαιρέτῳ γνώμῃ; En 6:4; Philo, In Flacc. 145, Spec. Leg. 2, 88 al.; Jos., Ant. 10, 253; Tat. 7:2 αὐτεξουσίῳ γ.; Ath. 34, 1 ὑπὸ χειρὸς καὶ γνώμης) Ac 20:3 (γίνομαι 7); of a proposal Hs 5, 2, 8.—SMouraviev, Glotta 51, ’73, 69–78. B. 1240. DELG s.v. γιγνώσκω. M-M. TW. Sv. -
96 ἄν
1I. ἄν (after relatives ἐάν [q.v.] is oft. used for ἄν, but the mss. vary greatly, s. B-D-F §107; 377; Mlt. 42ff, 165ff; Mayser 152f; Crönert 130f; Thackeray 67; Dssm., NB 30ff [BS 202ff]). A particle peculiar to Gk. (Hom.+) denoting aspect of contingency, incapable of translation by a single English word; it denotes that the action of the verb is dependent on some circumstance or condition; the effect of ἄν upon the meaning of its clause depends on the mood and tense/aspect of the verb w. which it is used. The NT use of ἄν corresponds in the main to older Gk., although the rich variety of its employment is limited, as is generally the case in later Greek. In certain constructions (s. aβ) an aspect of certainty is indicated, suggesting the gloss would. In most other instances aspects of varying possibility or conditionality find expression in ways that can be rendered ever, but with other glosses required when ἄν is used in conjunction with other particles.ⓐ ἄν w. aor. or impf. indic.α. denoting repeated action in past time, but only under certain given conditions, esp. after relatives (B-D-F §367; Rob. index): aor. (Gen 30:42; Num 9:17; 1 Km 14:47; Ezk 10:11) ὅσοι ἂν ἥψαντο αὐτοῦ, ἐσῴζοντο whoever touched him was cured Mk 6:56. Impf. (Ezk 1:20; 1 Macc 13:20; Tob 7:11) ὅπου ἂν εἰσεπορεύετο εἰς κώμας wherever he went (as he was accustomed to do—ADebrunner, D. hellenist. Nebensatziterativpräteritum mit ἄν: Glotta 11, 1920, 1–28) into villages Mk 6:56. καθότι ἄν τις χρείαν εἶχεν as anyone was in need Ac 2:45; 4:35. Similarly ὡς ἂν ἤγεσθε (v.l. ἀνήγεσθε) 1 Cor 12:2. Cp. also ὅταν 1bγ and δ.β. in the apodosis of a contrary to fact (unreal) condition w. εἰ (B-D-F §360; but ἄν is not always used [s. the vv.ll. J 18:36]: §360, 1; Mlt. 199ff; PMelcher, De sermone Epicteteo 1905, 75); it is foundא. w. impf. (4 Macc 17:7; Bar 3:13; ParJer 5:20; GrBar 6:6; ApcMos 39) οὗτος εἰ ἦν προφήτης, ἐγίνωσκεν ἄν if he were a prophet, he would (now) know (but he does not) Lk 7:39. εἰ ἔχετε πίστιν …, ἐλέγετε ἄν if you had faith …, you would say 17:6. εἰ ἐπιστεύετε Μωϋσεῖ, ἐπιστεύετε ἂν ἐμοί J 5:46. εἰ ἐμὲ ᾔδειτε, καὶ τὸν πατέρα μου ἄν ᾔδειτε 8:19; cp. vs. 42; 9:41; 15:19. εἰ ἔτι ἀνθρώποις ἤρεσκον, Χριστοῦ δοῦλος οὐκ ἂν ἤμην Gal 1:10; cp. 3:21. εἰ ἑαυτοὺς διεκρίνομεν, οὐκ ἂν ἐκρινόμεθα 1 Cor 11:31. εἰ ἦν ἐπὶ γῆς, οὐδʼ ἂν ἦν ἱερεύς if he were on earth, he would not even be a priest Hb 8:4; cp. 4:8; 8:7; 11:15.ב. w. aor., placing the assumption in the past (Gen 30:27; Wsd 11:25; Jdth 11:2; 4 Macc 2:20; TestJob 7:9 al.; ParJer 5:5; GrBar 8:7; PGiss 47, 17) εἰ ἐγένοντο αἱ δυνάμεις, πάλαι ἂν … μετενόησαν if the miracles had been performed, they would long ago have repented Mt 11:21. εἰ ἔγνωσαν, οὐκ ἂν ἐσταύρωσαν 1 Cor 2:8; cp. Ro 9:29 (Is 1:9). εἰ ἐγνώκειτε, οὐκ ἂν κατεδικάσατε if you had recognized, you would not have condemned Mt 12:7. εἰ ἠγαπᾶτέ με, ἐχάρητε ἄν if you loved me, you would have rejoiced J 14:28; cp. 11:21. The plpf. for aor. indic. (PGiss 79 II, 6 εἰ δυνατόν μοι ἦν, οὐκ ἂν ὠκνήκειν; BGU 1141, 27f) εἰ ἦσαν, μεμενήκεισαν ἄν 1J 2:19; cp. J 11:21 v.l.—In κἀγὼ ἐλθὼν σὺν τόκῳ ἂν αὐτὸ ἔπραξα Lk 19:23, ἐλθών functions as an unreal-temporal protasis (B-D-F §360, 2); cp. καὶ ἐλθὼν ἐγὼ ἐκομισάμην ἂν τὸ ἐμόν Mt 25:27. Sim. ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἂν ἐπαύσαντο προσφερόμεναι; where ἐπεί functions as protasis, otherwise (i.e. if the sacrifices had really brought about a lasting atonement) would they not have ceased to offer sacrifices? Hb 10:2.ⓑ ἄν w. subjunc. after relatives, the rel. clause forming virtually the protasis of a conditional sentence (B-D-F §380, 1) of the future more vivid or present general type.α. w. fut. or impf. in apodosis, to show that the condition and its results are thought of as in the future, of single and repeated action (IG XIV, 865 [VI B.C.] ὸ̔ς δʼ ἄν με κλέψῃ, τυφλὸς ἔσται; TestAbr B 4 p. 109, 10 [Stone p. 66]). ὸ̔ς δʼ ἂν ποιήσῃ καὶ διδάξῃ, οὗτος μέγας κληθήσεται but whoever does and teaches=if a person does and teaches it Mt 5:19. ὸ̔ς ἂν ἐσθίῃ …, ἔνοχος ἔσται 1 Cor 11:27. οὓς ἐὰν (v.l. ἂν) δοκιμάσητε, τούτους πέμψω 16:3—Mt 10:11; 1 Cor 16:2.β. w. pres. in apodosis, to show that the condition and its results involve repeated action, regardless of the time element: ἃ ἂν ἐκεῖνος ποιῇ, ταῦτα καὶ ὁ υἱὸς ὁμοίως ποιεῖ whatever he does, the Son does likewise J 5:19. ὅπου ἐὰν (v.l. ἂν) αὐτὸν καταλάβῃ, ῥήσσει αὐτόν wherever it seizes him Mk 9:18. ὑμῖν ἐστὶν ἡ ἐπαγγελία …, ὅσους ἂν προσκαλέσηται κύριος Ac 2:39. ὸ̔ς ἐὰν (v.l. ἂν) βουληθῇ φίλος εἶναι τοῦ κόσμου, ἐχθρὸς τοῦ θεοῦ καθίσταται whoever wishes to be a friend of the world Js 4:4. Cp. ὅπου ἄν 3:4 v.l.—Where ὅς or ὅστις appears w. subj. without ἄν (but cp. IG XII/1, 671 ὸ̔ς ἀνασπαράξῃ τ. τάφον; CPR I, 24, 33; 25, 19; AcThom 93 [Aa II/2, 206], 19; Is 7:2; 31:4), the reading that gives the fut. ind. is prob. the right one: ὅστις τηρήσῃ (v.l.-σει) Js 2:10. ὅσοι (without ἄν PPetr I, 13, 3;5; CPR I, 237, 3; IPergamon 249, 26 ὅσοι … ἐγλίπωσι τὴν πόλιν; Vett. Val. 125, 16): ὅσοι μετανοήσωσιν καὶ καθαρίσωσιν Hs 8, 11, 3 (s. W. and Joly app. for the textual tradition). See Reinhold 108; B-D-F §380, 4.ⓒ In temporal clauses ἄν is found w. the subjunct. when an event is to be described which can and will occur, but whose occurrence cannot yet be assumed w. certainty. Soα. ὅταν (=ὅτε ἄν; s. ὅταν) w. pres. subjunct. to indicate regularly recurring action (Wsd 12:18): ὅταν ἄρτον ἐσθίωσιν whenever they eat bread Mt 15:2. ὅταν λαλῇ τὸ ψεῦδος whenever he tells a lie J 8:44. ὅταν λέγῃ τις whenever anyone says 1 Cor 3:4.—W. aor. subjunct. to express action in the future which is thought of as already completed (Sir Prol. ln. 22; Tob 8:21) ὅταν ποιήσητε πάντα when you have done Lk 17:10. ὅταν ἔλθῃ ὁ κύριος when the owner has come Mt 21:40; ὅταν ἔλθῃ ἐν τῇ δόξῃ Mk 8:38; cp. J 4:25; 16:13; Ac 23:35. ὅταν πάλιν εἰσαγάγῃ τὸν πρωτότοκον Hb 1:6.β. ἡνίκα ἄν every time that (Ex 1:10; 33:22; 34:24 al.; POxy 104, 26 [96 A.D.]; PTebt 317, 18 [174/75] ἡνίκα ἐὰν εἰς τὸν νόμον παραγένηται). ἡνίκα ἂν (also ἐάν mss.) ἀναγινώσκηται Μωϋσῆς every time that Moses is read aloud 2 Cor 3:15; cp. vs. 16.γ. ὁσάκις ἐάν as often as: ὁσάκις ἐὰν (also ἄν mss.) πίνητε 1 Cor 11:25. ὁσάκις ἐὰν (also ἄν mss.) ἐσθίητε vs. 26.δ. ὡς ἄν as soon as (PHib 59, 2 [c. 245 B.C.] ὡς ἂν λάβῃς; 66, 4; PEleph 9, 3 [III B.C.]; PParis 46, 18 [143 B.C.]; BGU 1209, 13 [23 B.C.]; Josh 2:14; Jdth 11:15; 1 Macc 15:9): ὡς ἂν πορεύωμαι as soon as I travel Ro 15:24. ὡς ἂν ἔλθω as soon as I come 1 Cor 11:34. ὡς ἂν ἀφίδω τὰ περὶ ἐμέ as soon as I see how it will go with me Phil 2:23. ὡς ἐάν (PFay 111, 16 [95/96]) Hv 3, 8, 9; 3, 13, 2.—ἀφʼ οὗ ἄν after Lk 13:25.—In the case of temporal particles indicating a goal, viz. ἕως οὗ, ἄχρις (οὗ), μέχρις (οὗ), the mss. show considerable variation; the addition of ἄν is prob. correct only in rare cases (see B-D-F §383, 2). Only ἕως ἄν (PPetr II, 40a, 28 [III B.C.] ἕως ἂν ὑγιαίνοντας ὑμᾶς ἴδωμεν; Gen 24:14, 19; 49:10; Ex 23:30 al.) has certain attestation: μείνατε ἕως ἂν ἐξέλθητε stay until you go away Mt 10:11. ἕως ἂν ἴδωσιν τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ Lk 9:27.—Mt 2:13; 5:26. ἕως ἂν λάβῃ Js 5:7 v.l.—ἄχρις οὗ (+ ἄν v.l.) ἔλθῃ 1 Cor 11:26. ἄχρις οὗ (+ ἄν v.l.) θῇ 15:25; ἄχρις οὗ ἂν ἥξω Rv 2:25 (v.l. ἄχρι). ἄχρις ἂν ἔλθῃ (cp. BGU 830, 13 [I A.D.] ἄχρις ἄν σοι ἔλθω) Gal 3:19 v.l.—πρὶν ἄν: πρὶν ἢ ἂν (vv.ll. πρὶν ἄν, πρὶν ἢ, only πρὶν or ἕως ἂν) ἴδῃ τὸν Χριστόν Lk 2:26 (B-D-F §383, 3).ⓓ In purpose clauses the Attic (EHermann, Griech. Forschungen I, 1912, 267f; JKnuenz, De enuntiatis Graec. finalibus 1913, 13ff; 26ff) ὅπως ἄν, esp. freq. in earlier ins (Meisterhans3-Schw. 254), has become quite rare (LXX still rather often: Gen 18:19; 50:20; Ex 33:13; Jer 7:23 al.) ὅπως ἂν ἀποκαλυφθῶσιν διαλογισμοί Lk 2:35. ὅπως ἂν ἔλθωσιν καιροί Ac 3:20.—15:17 (Am 9:12 v.l.); Ro 3:4 (Ps 50:6); Mt 6:5 v.l.ⓔ The opt. w. ἄν in a main clause (potential opt.) has almost wholly disappeared; a rare ex. is εὐξαίμην (v.l. εὐξάμην) ἄν Ac 26:29 in Paul’s speech before Agrippa (literary usage; s. B-D-F §385, 1; also Rob. 938; Themist. 6 p. 80 D.—On the rarity of the potential opt. in pap, LXX, Apost. Fathers see CHarsing, De Optat. in Chartis Aeg. Usu, diss. Bonn 1910, 28; Reinhold 111). Cp.—also in the literary lang. of Lk—direct rhetor. questions (Gen 23:15; Job 19:23; Sir 25:3; 4 Macc 7:22; 14:10 v.l.; TestJob 13:5 τίς ἄν δώῃ 35:5) πῶς γὰρ ἂν δυναίμην; Ac 8:31. τί ἂν θέλοι οὗτος λέγειν; 17:18. Dg has also preserved the opt. as a mark of elegant style (2:3, 10; 3:3f; 4:5; 7:2f; 8:3). MPol 2:2 has τίς οὐκ ἂν θαυμάσειεν;—More freq. in an indirect question, after an impf. or histor. pres. (B-D-F §386, 1; Rob. 938f) τὸ τί ἂν θέλοι καλεῖσθαι αὐτό what he wanted the child’s name to be Lk 1:62. τίς ἂν εἴη περὶ οὗ λέγει J 13:24. τὸ τίς ἂν εἴη μείζων αὐτῶν which of them was the greatest Lk 9:46; cp. 18:36 v.l. τί ἂν ποιήσαιεν τῷ Ἰησοῦ what they should do to Jesus 6:11. τί ἂν γένοιτο τοῦτο Ac 5:24. τί ἂν εἴη τὸ ὅραμα 10:17. (IMagnMai 215 [I A.D.] ἐπερωτᾷ … τί ἂν ποιήσας … ἀδεῶς διατελοίη; Esth 3:13c πυθομένου δέ μου … πῶς ἂν ἀχθείη τοῦτο.)ⓕ The use of ἄν w. inf. and ptc., freq. in earlier Gk., is not found in the NT at all (B-D-F §396); ἵνα μὴ δόξω ὡς ἂν (or ὡσὰν, q.v.) ἐκφοβεῖν ὑμᾶς 2 Cor 10:9 is surely to be expl. in such a way that ὡς ἂν=Lat. quasi: I would not want it to appear as if I were frightening you; s. B-D-F §453, 3; Mlt. 167.—On εἰ μήτι ἂν (sc. γένηται) ἐκ συμφώνου except perhaps by agreement 1 Cor 7:5 s. B-D-F §376; Mlt. 169.—M-M.2II. ἄν for ἐάν is rare in Hellen. Gk. (B-D-F §107; Mlt. 43 n. 2; cp. Hyperid. 4, 5; 5, 15; Teles p. 31, 6; Plut., Mor. 547a; Epict., index Schenkl; pap [Mayser 152]; ins, esp. of the Aegean Sea [Rdm.2 198, 3; s. also SIG index IV 204]; 1 Esdr 2:16; 4 Macc 16:11; Jos., Ant. 4, 70; 219; Test12Patr; Mel. Fgm. 8b 24), but appears J 13:20; 16:23; 20:23; as v.l. 5:19; 9:22; 12:32; 19:12; Ac 9:2; and IMg 10:1.—Mlt. 63, 1.—M-M.
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