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21 contextually
kontekstuaalselt, kontekstis -
22 contextually
[kən'tekstjuəlɪ], [-ʧuə-]нареч.контекстуально, в зависимости от контекста -
23 contextually
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24 contextually
adv.contextualmente, fiel al contexto. -
25 contextually
adv контекстуально, в контексте -
26 Contextually Targeted Advertising
Реклама: контекстная рекламаУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Contextually Targeted Advertising
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27 contextually determined
Универсальный англо-русский словарь > contextually determined
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28 contextually relevant index
Англо-русский словарь по машиностроению > contextually relevant index
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29 as contextually appropriate
Общая лексика: в зависимости от контекстаУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > as contextually appropriate
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30 Computers
The brain has been compared to a digital computer because the neuron, like a switch or valve, either does or does not complete a circuit. But at that point the similarity ends. The switch in the digital computer is constant in its effect, and its effect is large in proportion to the total output of the machine. The effect produced by the neuron varies with its recovery from [the] refractory phase and with its metabolic state. The number of neurons involved in any action runs into millions so that the influence of any one is negligible.... Any cell in the system can be dispensed with.... The brain is an analogical machine, not digital. Analysis of the integrative activities will probably have to be in statistical terms. (Lashley, quoted in Beach, Hebb, Morgan & Nissen, 1960, p. 539)It is essential to realize that a computer is not a mere "number cruncher," or supercalculating arithmetic machine, although this is how computers are commonly regarded by people having no familiarity with artificial intelligence. Computers do not crunch numbers; they manipulate symbols.... Digital computers originally developed with mathematical problems in mind, are in fact general purpose symbol manipulating machines....The terms "computer" and "computation" are themselves unfortunate, in view of their misleading arithmetical connotations. The definition of artificial intelligence previously cited-"the study of intelligence as computation"-does not imply that intelligence is really counting. Intelligence may be defined as the ability creatively to manipulate symbols, or process information, given the requirements of the task in hand. (Boden, 1981, pp. 15, 16-17)The task is to get computers to explain things to themselves, to ask questions about their experiences so as to cause those explanations to be forthcoming, and to be creative in coming up with explanations that have not been previously available. (Schank, 1986, p. 19)In What Computers Can't Do, written in 1969 (2nd edition, 1972), the main objection to AI was the impossibility of using rules to select only those facts about the real world that were relevant in a given situation. The "Introduction" to the paperback edition of the book, published by Harper & Row in 1979, pointed out further that no one had the slightest idea how to represent the common sense understanding possessed even by a four-year-old. (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986, p. 102)A popular myth says that the invention of the computer diminishes our sense of ourselves, because it shows that rational thought is not special to human beings, but can be carried on by a mere machine. It is a short stop from there to the conclusion that intelligence is mechanical, which many people find to be an affront to all that is most precious and singular about their humanness.In fact, the computer, early in its career, was not an instrument of the philistines, but a humanizing influence. It helped to revive an idea that had fallen into disrepute: the idea that the mind is real, that it has an inner structure and a complex organization, and can be understood in scientific terms. For some three decades, until the 1940s, American psychology had lain in the grip of the ice age of behaviorism, which was antimental through and through. During these years, extreme behaviorists banished the study of thought from their agenda. Mind and consciousness, thinking, imagining, planning, solving problems, were dismissed as worthless for anything except speculation. Only the external aspects of behavior, the surface manifestations, were grist for the scientist's mill, because only they could be observed and measured....It is one of the surprising gifts of the computer in the history of ideas that it played a part in giving back to psychology what it had lost, which was nothing less than the mind itself. In particular, there was a revival of interest in how the mind represents the world internally to itself, by means of knowledge structures such as ideas, symbols, images, and inner narratives, all of which had been consigned to the realm of mysticism. (Campbell, 1989, p. 10)[Our artifacts] only have meaning because we give it to them; their intentionality, like that of smoke signals and writing, is essentially borrowed, hence derivative. To put it bluntly: computers themselves don't mean anything by their tokens (any more than books do)-they only mean what we say they do. Genuine understanding, on the other hand, is intentional "in its own right" and not derivatively from something else. (Haugeland, 1981a, pp. 32-33)he debate over the possibility of computer thought will never be won or lost; it will simply cease to be of interest, like the previous debate over man as a clockwork mechanism. (Bolter, 1984, p. 190)t takes us a long time to emotionally digest a new idea. The computer is too big a step, and too recently made, for us to quickly recover our balance and gauge its potential. It's an enormous accelerator, perhaps the greatest one since the plow, twelve thousand years ago. As an intelligence amplifier, it speeds up everything-including itself-and it continually improves because its heart is information or, more plainly, ideas. We can no more calculate its consequences than Babbage could have foreseen antibiotics, the Pill, or space stations.Further, the effects of those ideas are rapidly compounding, because a computer design is itself just a set of ideas. As we get better at manipulating ideas by building ever better computers, we get better at building even better computers-it's an ever-escalating upward spiral. The early nineteenth century, when the computer's story began, is already so far back that it may as well be the Stone Age. (Rawlins, 1997, p. 19)According to weak AI, the principle value of the computer in the study of the mind is that it gives us a very powerful tool. For example, it enables us to formulate and test hypotheses in a more rigorous and precise fashion than before. But according to strong AI the computer is not merely a tool in the study of the mind; rather the appropriately programmed computer really is a mind in the sense that computers given the right programs can be literally said to understand and have other cognitive states. And according to strong AI, because the programmed computer has cognitive states, the programs are not mere tools that enable us to test psychological explanations; rather, the programs are themselves the explanations. (Searle, 1981b, p. 353)What makes people smarter than machines? They certainly are not quicker or more precise. Yet people are far better at perceiving objects in natural scenes and noting their relations, at understanding language and retrieving contextually appropriate information from memory, at making plans and carrying out contextually appropriate actions, and at a wide range of other natural cognitive tasks. People are also far better at learning to do these things more accurately and fluently through processing experience.What is the basis for these differences? One answer, perhaps the classic one we might expect from artificial intelligence, is "software." If we only had the right computer program, the argument goes, we might be able to capture the fluidity and adaptability of human information processing. Certainly this answer is partially correct. There have been great breakthroughs in our understanding of cognition as a result of the development of expressive high-level computer languages and powerful algorithms. However, we do not think that software is the whole story.In our view, people are smarter than today's computers because the brain employs a basic computational architecture that is more suited to deal with a central aspect of the natural information processing tasks that people are so good at.... hese tasks generally require the simultaneous consideration of many pieces of information or constraints. Each constraint may be imperfectly specified and ambiguous, yet each can play a potentially decisive role in determining the outcome of processing. (McClelland, Rumelhart & Hinton, 1986, pp. 3-4)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Computers
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31 what with
1) вследствие;
из-за Syn: as for
2) парный союз или с сочинением в значении Introducing advb. phrases formed with prepositions( in the earliest periods chiefly for, later usually, now almost always, with), implying (in early use only contextually) in consequence of, on account of, as a result of;
in view of, considering( one thing and another) '. What with one thing and another, I see that my work is well cut out for me. в связи с;
из-за - * summer time it was still broad daylight так, как было лето, еще было совсем светло - * his laziness he did almost nothing in his freshman year вследствие своей лени он почти не занимался на первом курсеБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > what with
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32 CTA
1) Общая лексика: Cerificate of Training Achievement2) Авиация: control area3) Медицина: computed tomography angiography (компьютерная томографическая ангиография), компьютерная томографическая ангиограмма4) Латинский язык: Cum Testamento Annexo5) Военный термин: Central TMDE ( Test, Measurement, and Diagnostic Equipment) Activity, Central Technical Authority, Chaplain, Territorial Army, Common Table of Allowance, Completely Terrible Analysis, combined target area, common table of allowances, companion trainer aircraft, components test area, controlled airspace6) Техника: communications technician A, administrative, compatibility test area, inform all addresses7) Юридический термин: Counter Tactical Assault8) Бухгалтерия: Corporation Tax Assessing9) Финансы: Currency Translation Adjustment, cumulative translation adjustment, Commodity Trading Advisor10) Биржевой термин: Call To Action, commodity trading adviser11) Сокращение: Caribbean Tourist Association, Case Telescoped Ammunition, CelsiusTech Australia, Circuit Technology (Australia), Commercial Travellers Association, Companion Trainer Aircraft (USAF), Conduit de Tir Analogue (Analogue fire control system (France))12) Физиология: Clear to auscultation13) Нефть: completions tank area14) Биохимия: Cystine Trypticase Agar15) Транспорт: Chicago Transit Authority, Controlled Time of Arrival16) Фирменный знак: Curriculum Training Associates (Company)17) Реклама: Contextually Targeted Advertising19) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Common Terms Agreement between the Company and the Phase 2 Senior Lenders20) ЕБРР: common terms agreement21) Полимеры: cellulose triacetate22) Контроль качества: Протокол об испытаниях (Certificate of Test Analyses)23) Фармация: Clinical Trial Application24) Общественная организация: Children of The Americas25) Должность: Chief Technical Adviser26) NYSE. Center Trust, Inc.28) НАСА: Controlled Thrust Assembly -
33 contextual
con·tex·tual[kənˈtekstjuəl, AM kənˈtekstʃuəl]adj attrthe \contextual view of this situation makes a revolution look likely wenn man diese Situation im Gesamtzusammenhang betrachtet, so scheint eine Revolution wahrscheinlich* * *[kən'tekstjʊəl]adjkontextuell (form); meaning aus dem Zusammenhang or Kontext (geh) ersichtlich* * *contextual [kɒnˈtekstjʊəl; -tʃʊəl; US kɑnˈtekstʃəwəl; -tʃəl] adj (adv contextually) kontextual, kontextuell* * *adj.textabhängig adj. -
34 contextual
{kən'tekstjuəl}
a контекстуален* * *{kъn'tekstjuъl} а контекстуален.* * *a контекстуален;contextual; а контекстуален.* * *a контекстуален* * *contextual[kən´tekstjuəl] adj във (връзка с) контекста, контекстуален; FONT face=Times_Deutsch◊ adv contextually. -
35 contextual
[kɔntékstjuəl]adjective ( contextually adverb)miselno povezan, ki je jasen iz konteksta -
36 Report Abuse
"The link to the form where a user can report violations of the terms of use. Contextually, it's understood that the abuse in question is poor conduct, such as obscene language or threats." -
37 sub-grid
"A grid added to a form by a customizer that provides users with access to a group of records, which are usually contextually related." -
38 Multilanguage (MUI) Resource Management
"A centralized mechanism for managing language resources, helping developers create contextually tailored and consistent experiences by reducing code complexity and fragility."English-Arabic terms dictionary > Multilanguage (MUI) Resource Management
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39 Business Network
A feature that is a series of interwoven social components that are surfaced contextually to users. -
40 Report a Concern
"The link to the form where a user can report violations of the terms of use. Contextually, it's understood that the abuse in question is poor conduct, such as obscene language or threats."
См. также в других словарях:
contextually — adv. Contextually is used with these adjectives: ↑related … Collocations dictionary
contextually — context ► NOUN 1) the circumstances that form the setting for an event, statement, or idea. 2) the parts that immediately precede and follow a word or passage and clarify its meaning. DERIVATIVES contextual adjective contextualize (also… … English terms dictionary
contextually — adverb see context … New Collegiate Dictionary
contextually — See contextual. * * * … Universalium
contextually — adverb In a contextual manner; with reference to context … Wiktionary
contextually — adv. according to context … English contemporary dictionary
contextually — con·tex·tu·al·ly … English syllables
contextually — adverb in a manner dependent on context • Derived from adjective: ↑contextual … Useful english dictionary
contextual — contextually, adv. /keuhn teks chooh euhl/, adj. of, pertaining to, or depending on the context. [1805 15; < L contextu , s. of contextus CONTEXT + AL1] * * * … Universalium
Beowulf — This article is about the epic poem. For the character, see Beowulf (hero). For other uses, see Beowulf (disambiguation). Beowulf first page of Beowulf in Cotton Vitellius A. xv … Wikipedia
Policy appliances — are technical control and logging mechanisms to enforce or reconcile policy rules (information use rules) and to ensure accountability in information systems. [The use of policy appliances in this context was first described in K. A. Taipale,… … Wikipedia
