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community+of+interest

  • 121 ἐκκλησία

    ἐκκλησία, ας, ἡ (ἐκ + καλέω; Eur., Hdt.+)
    ① a regularly summoned legislative body, assembly, as gener. understood in the Gr-Rom. world (Jos., Ant. 12, 164; 19, 332, Vi. 268) Ac 19:39 (on ‘[regular] statutory assembly’, s. ἔννομος and IBM III/2, p. 141. The term ἐννόμη ἐ. here contrasts w. the usage vss. 32 and 40, in which ἐ. denotes simply ‘a gathering’; s. 2 below. On the ἐ. in Ephesus cp. CIG III, 325; IBM III/1, 481, 340; on the ἐ. in the theater there s. the last-named ins ln. 395; OGI 480, 9).—Pauly-W. V/2, 1905, 2163–2200; RAC IV 905–21 (lit.).
    ② a casual gathering of people, an assemblage, gathering (cp. 1 Km 19:20; 1 Macc 3:13; Sir 26:5) Ac 19:32, 40.
    ③ people with shared belief, community, congregation (for common identity, cp. the community of Pythagoras [Hermippus in Diog. L. 8, 41]. Remarkably, in Himerius, Or. 39 [Or. 5], 5 Orpheus forms for himself τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, a group of wild animals, who listen to him, in the Thracian mountains where there are no people), in our lit. of common interest in the God of Israel.
    ⓐ of OT Israelites assembly, congregation (Dt 31:30; Judg 20:2; 1 Km 17:47; 3 Km 8:14; PsSol 10:6; TestJob 32:8 τῆς εὐώδους ἐ.; Philo; Jos., Ant. 4, 309; Diod S 40, 3, 6) Hb 2:12 (Ps 21:23); e.g. to hear the law (Dt 4:10; 9:10; 18:16) Ac 7:38.
    ⓑ of Christians in a specific place or area (the term ἐ. apparently became popular among Christians in Greek-speaking areas for chiefly two reasons: to affirm continuity with Israel through use of a term found in Gk. translations of the Hebrew Scriptures, and to allay any suspicion, esp. in political circles, that Christians were a disorderly group).
    α. of a specific Christian group assembly, gathering ordinarily involving worship and discussion of matters of concern to the community: Mt 18:17; συνερχομένων ὑμῶν ἐν ἐ. when you come together as an assembly 1 Cor 11:18; cp. 14:4f, 12, 19, 28, 35; pl. vs. 34. ἐν ἐ. ἐξομολογεῖσθαι τὰ παραπτώματα confess one’s sins in assembly D 4:14; cp. 3J 6 (JCampbell, JTS 49, ’48, 130–42; for the Johannines s. ESchweizer below). In Ac 15:22 the ‘apostles and elders’ function in the manner of the βουλή or council, the committee of the whole that was responsible in a Gr-Rom. polis for proposing legislation to the assembly of citizens.—Of Christians gathering in the home of a patron house-assembly (‘house-church’) Πρίσκαν καὶ Ἀκύλαν … καὶ τὴν κατʼ οἶκον αὐτῶν ἐ. Ro 16:5; cp. 1 Cor 16:19. Νύμφαν καὶ τὴν κατʼ οἶκον αὐτῆς ἐ. Col 4:15; ἡ κατʼ οἶκόν σου ἐ. Phlm 2.—FFilson, JBL 58, ’39, 105–12; other reff. οἶκος 1aα.—Pl. ἐ. τῶν ἁγίων 1 Cor 14:33; ἐ. τῶν ἐθνῶν Ro 16:4.—1 Ti 5:16 prob. belongs here, s. βαρέω b.
    β. congregation or church as the totality of Christians living and meeting in a particular locality or larger geographical area, but not necessarily limited to one meeting place: Ac 5:11; 8:3; 9:31 (so KGiles, NTS 31, ’85, 135–42; s. c below), 11:26; 12:5; 15:3; 18:22; 20:17; cp. 12:1; 1 Cor 4:17; Phil 4:15; 1 Ti 5:16 perh., s. α above; Js 5:14; 3 J 9f; 1 Cl 44:3; Hv 2, 4, 3. More definitely of the Christians in Jerusalem Ac 8:1; 11:22; cp. 2:47 v.l.; 15:4, 22; Cenchreae Ro 16:1; cp. vs. 23; Corinth 1 Cor 1:2; 2 Cor 1:1; 1 Cl ins; 47:6; AcPlCor 1:16; Laodicea Col 4:16; Rv 3:14; Thessalonica 1 Th 1:1; 2 Th 1:1; Colossae Phlm subscr. v.l. Likew. w. other names: Rv 2:1, 8, 12, 18; 3:1, 7; IEph ins; 8:1; IMg ins; ITr ins; 13:1; IRo 9:1; IPhld ins; 10:1; ISm 11:1; Pol ins. Plural: Ac 15:41; 16:5; Ro 16:16; 1 Cor 7:17; 2 Cor 8:18f, 23f; 11:8, 28; 12:13; Rv 2:7, 11, 17, 23, 29; 3:6, 13, 22; 22:16; the Christian community in Judea Gal 1:22; 1 Th 2:14; Galatia Gal 1:2; 1 Cor 16:1; Asia vs. 19; Rv 1:4, and cp. vss. 11 and 20; Macedonia 2 Cor 8:1. κατʼ ἐκκλησίαν in each individual congregation or assembly Ac 14:23 (on the syntax cp. OGI 480, 9 [s. 1 above]: ἵνα τιθῆνται κατʼ ἐκκλησίαν in order that they [the statues] might be set up at each [meeting of the] ἐ.). On κατὰ τ. οὖσαν ἐ. Ac 13:1 cp. εἰμί 1 end.
    ⓒ the global community of Christians, (universal) church (s. AvHarnack, Mission I4 420 n. 2 on Ac 12:1): Mt 16:18 (OBetz, ZNW 48, ’57, 49–77: Qumran parallels; s. HBraun, Qumran I, ’66, 30–37); Ac 9:31 (but s. 3bβ); 1 Cor 6:4; 12:28; Eph 1:22; 3:10, 21; 5:23ff, 27, 29, 32 (HSchlier, Christus u. d. Kirche im Eph 1930; also ThBl 6, 1927, 12–17); Col 1:18, 24; Phil 3:6; B 7:11; Hv 2, 2, 6; 2, 4, 1 (with the depiction of the church as an elderly lady cp. Ps.-Demetr. 265 where Hellas, the homeland, is represented as λαβοῦσα γυναικὸς σχῆμα); 3, 3, 3; IEph 5:1f and oft.—The local assembly or congregation as well as the universal church is more specif. called ἐ. τοῦ θεοῦ or ἐ. τ. Χριστοῦ. This is essentially Pauline usage, and it serves to give the current Gk. term its Christian coloring and thereby its special mng.:
    α. ἐ. τοῦ θεοῦ (Orig., C. Cels. 1, 63, 22) 1 Cor 1:2; 10:32; 11:16, 22; 15:9; 2 Cor 1:1; Gal 1:13; 1 Th 2:14; 2 Th 1:4; 1 Ti 3:5, 15; Ac 20:28; ITr 2:3; 12:1; IPhld 10:1; ISm ins al.
    β. ἐ. τοῦ Χριστοῦ (Orig., C. Cels. 5, 22, 14) Ro 16:16.
    γ. both together ἐ. ἐν θεῷ πατρὶ καὶ κυρίῳ Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ 1 Th 1:1.
    δ. ἡ ἐ. ἡ πρώτη ἡ πνευματική the first, spiritual church (conceived in a Platonic sense as preexistent) 2 Cl 14:1; ἐ. ζῶσα the living church the body of Christ vs. 2; ἡ ἁγία ἐ. Hv 1, 1, 6; 1, 3, 4; ἡ καθολικὴ ἐ. ISm 8:2; ἡ ἁγία καὶ καθολικὴ ἐ. MPol ins; ἡ κατὰ τὴν οἰκουμένην καθολικὴ ἐ. 8:1; 19:2; ἓν σῶμα τῆς ἐ. ISm 1:2.—The literature before ’32 is given in OLinton, D. Problem der Urkirche in d. neueren Forschung (s. esp. 138–46) ’32 and AMedebielle, Dict. de la Bible, Suppl. II ’34, 487–691; before ’60, s. RAC; also s. TW, Sieben, and JHainz, Ekklesia ’72. Esp. important: EBurton, Gal (ICC) 1921, 417–20; KHoll, D. Kirchenbegriff des Pls usw.: SBBerlAk 1921, 920–47=Ges. Aufs. II 1928, 44ff; FKattenbusch, D. Vorzugsstellung d. Petrus u. d. Charakter d. Urgemeinde zu Jerusalem: KMüller Festschr. 1922, 322–51; KLSchmidt, D. Kirche des Urchristentums: Dssm. Festschr. 1927, 259–319, TW III 502–39. S. also: EPeterson, D. Kirche aus Juden u. Heiden ’33; KLSchmidt, D. Polis in Kirche u. Welt ’39; WBieder, Ekkl. u. Polis im NT u. in d. alten Kirche ’41; OMichel, D. Zeugnis des NTs v. d. Gemeinde ’41; NDahl, D. Volk Gottes ’41; RFlew, Jesus and His Church2, ’43; GJohnston, The Doctrine of the Church in the NT ’43; WKümmel, Kirchenbegriff u. Geschichtsbewusstsein in d. Urg. u. b. Jesus ’43; DFaulhaber, D. Johev. u. d. Kirche ’38; AFridrichsen, Kyrkan i 4. ev.: SvTK 16, ’40, 227–42; ESchweizer, NT Essays (Manson memorial vol.) ’59, 230–45; EWolf, Ecclesia Pressa—eccl. militans: TLZ 72, ’47, 223–32; SHanson, Unity of the Church in the NT ’46; HvCampenhausen, Kirchl. Amt u. geistl. Vollmacht in den ersten 3 Jahrh. ’53; EKäsemann, Sätze hlg. Rechtes im NT, NTS 1, ’55, 248–60; AGeorge, ET 58, ’46/47, 312–16; in ATR: JBernardin 21, ’39, 153–70; BEaston 22, ’40, 157–68; SWalke 32, ’50, 39–53 (Apost. Fath.); JMurphy, American Ecclesiastical Review 140, ’59, 250–59; 325–32; PMinear, Images of the Church in the NT, ’60; BMetzger, Theology Today 19, ’62, 369–80; ESchweizer, Church Order in the NT, tr. FClarke ’61; RSchnackenburg, The Church in the NT, tr. WO’Hara ’65; LCerfaux, JBL 85, ’66, 250–51; AHilhorst, Filología Neotestamentaria 1, ’88, 27–34. S. also ἐπίσκοπος 2 end; Πέτρος; πέτρα 1.—B. 1476f. DELG s.v. καλέω. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐκκλησία

  • 122 interés común

    • common interest
    • community interest
    • interest in common
    • joint interest

    Diccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > interés común

  • 123 społeczny

    adj

    klasa/drabina/opieka społeczna — social class/ladder/welfare

    dobro/poparcie społeczne — public good/support

    ubezpieczenie społeczne — national insurance (BRIT), social security (US)

    * * *
    a.
    social, communal; (o więzi, reformach, polityce) social; (o własności, poparciu) public; ( o konfliktach) civil; ( o organizacji) voluntary; (o pracy, pracowniku – bez wynagrodzenia) voluntary, volunteer; drabina społeczna social ladder; klasa społeczna social class; choroba społeczna social disease; nauki społeczne social sciences, social science, social studies; zasiłek społeczny welfare benefit; pozycja społeczna social standing, social status, station; warstwa społeczna social stratum; pochodzenie społeczne social background; margines społeczny lowlife, scum; niziny społeczne the gutter; wyżyny społeczne upper crust; niższe warstwy społeczne the lower orders, lower classes; wysoka/niska pozycja społeczna high/low standing l. social status; wymiar społeczny social dimension; awans społeczny social advancement; działalność społeczna community work, social activism; fundusz społeczny social fund; społeczny podział pracy social division of labor; mit społeczny urban myth l. legend; wrażliwość społeczna social conscience; awans społeczny upward mobility; nastroje społeczne climate of opinion; względy społeczne social considerations; ubezpieczenie społeczne social security l. insurance; świadczenia społeczne social l. welfare services; pomoc społeczna public l. social assistance; praca społeczna community work; opieka społeczna social welfare l. service, social work, casework; pracownik opieki społecznej l. społeczny social worker; niepokoje społeczne social unrest, civil disorder; szkoła społeczna szkoln. community school; reklama społeczna public service announcement; dom opieki społecznej residential home; w interesie społecznym in the public interest; obniżyć swój status społeczny come down in the world; u szczytu/dołu drabiny społecznej at the top/bottom of the social ladder.

    The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > społeczny

  • 124 bibliotecario

    adj.
    library.
    m.
    librarian.
    * * *
    ► nombre masculino,nombre femenino
    1 librarian
    * * *
    (f. - bibliotecaria)
    noun
    * * *
    bibliotecario, -a
    1.
    ADJ library antes de s
    2.
    SM / F librarian
    * * *
    - ria masculino, femenino librarian
    * * *
    - ria masculino, femenino librarian
    * * *
    bibliotecario1
    1 = librarian, male librarian, practising librarian, professional librarian.

    Ex: In particular we are concerned with those techniques which are of interest to librarians and information workers.

    Ex: To the general public 'the female librarian is still angular, elderly, acidulous and terrifying', to use Geoffrey Langley's words, 'and a male librarian is impossible under any hypothesis'.
    Ex: He asked for a discussion of the practical problems which face practicing librarians and media specialists and urged me to state my opinion on all matters.
    Ex: The author discusses the practical personnel problems facing junior and middle grade professional librarians = El autor analiza los problemas prácticos de personal a los que se enfrentan los bibliotecarios de grado medio y básico.
    * actuar en defensa de los intereses de las bibliotecas y bibl = library advocacy.
    * AIBDA (Asociación Interamericana de Bibliotecarios y Documentalistas de Agri = AIBDA (Inter-American Association of Agricultural Librarians and Information Specialists).
    * ALA (Asociación Americana de Bibliotecarios) = ALA (American Library Association).
    * Asociación Australiana de Bibliotecarios y Documentalistas (ALIA) = Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA).
    * asociación de bibliotecarios = library association.
    * Asociación de Bibliotecarios de Medicina = Medical Library Association (MLA).
    * Asociación de Bibliotecarios Suizos = Vereinigung Schweizerischer Bibliothekare.
    * Asociación de Bibliotecarios y Documentalistas de Suráfrica (LIASA) = Library and Information Association of South Africa (LIASA).
    * biblioteca con un solo bibliotecario = one person library.
    * bibliotecario académico = academic librarian.
    * bibliotecario cibernético = cyberlibrarian, cybrarian.
    * bibliotecario colegiado = chartered librarian.
    * bibliotecario con conocimientos de medicina = informationist.
    * bibliotecario de biblioteca de derecho = law librarian.
    * bibliotecario de biblioteca de agricultura = agricultural librarian.
    * bibliotecario de biblioteca de arte = art librarian.
    * bibliotecario de biblioteca de barrio = district librarian.
    * bibliotecario de biblioteca de hospital = hospital librarian.
    * bibliotecario de biblioteca especializada = special librarian.
    * bibliotecario de biblioteca móvil = mobile librarian.
    * bibliotecario de biblioteca pública = public librarian.
    * bibliotecario de biblioteca sucursal = branch librarian.
    * bibliotecario de biomedicina = health-care librarian.
    * bibliotecario de ciencias de la salud = health librarian.
    * bibliotecario de conservación = preservation librarian.
    * bibliotecario de empresa = industrial librarian.
    * bibliotecario de hemeroteca = serials librarian.
    * bibliotecario de las ciencias de la salud = health sciences librarian.
    * bibliotecario de medicina = medical librarian.
    * bibliotecario de medios audiovisuales = library media specialist.
    * bibliotecario de préstamo = lending librarian.
    * bibliotecario de préstamos = borrowing librarian.
    * bibliotecario de prisiones = prison librarian.
    * bibliotecario de referencia = reference librarian, research librarian.
    * bibliotecario de servicios técnicos = technical services librarian.
    * bibliotecario de sistemas = systems librarian.
    * bibliotecario de universidad = academic librarian, university librarian.
    * bibliotecario digital = digitarian, digital librarian.
    * bibliotecario encargado de colecciones especializadas = special collections librarian.
    * bibliotecario encargado de la sección juvenil = young adult librarian.
    * bibliotecario encargado de la automatización = systems librarian, library systems analyst.
    * bibliotecario encargado de la colección de mapas = map librarian.
    * bibliotecario encargado de las cuestiones digitales = digital librarian.
    * bibliotecario encargado de las adquisiciones = acquisitions librarian.
    * bibliotecario encargado de las diapositivas = slide librarian.
    * bibliotecario encargado de la sección infantil = children's librarian, children's librarian.
    * bibliotecario encargado del desarrollo de la colección = collections librarian.
    * bibliotecario encargado de libros raros = rare book libarian.
    * bibliotecario encargado de los servicios dirigidos a la comunidad = community services librarian.
    * bibliotecario en servicios mínimos = duty librarian.
    * bibliotecario en solitario = solo librarian.
    * bibliotecario escolar = school librarian.
    * bibliotecario especializado en material audiovisual = audiovisual librarian.
    * bibliotecario encargado de la formación de usuarios = instruction librarian.
    * bibliotecario integrado = embedded librarian.
    * bibliotecario itinerante = circuit librarian, circuit rider librarian, circuit rider.
    * bibliotecario municipal = city librarian.
    * bibliotecario que no se dedica a la catalogación = non-cataloguer.
    * bibliotecario recién diplomado = newly graduated librarian.
    * bibliotecario referencista = reference librarian.
    * bibliotecario universitario = university librarian.
    * comunidad de bibliotecarios y documentalistas, la = library and information community, the.
    * defensa de los intereses de las bibliotecas y bibliotecarios = library advocacy.
    * IFLA (Federación Internacional de Asociaciones de Bibliotecarios y Bibliotec = IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions).
    * LA (Asociación de Bibliotecarios del Reino Unido) = LA (Library Association).
    * profesión de bibliotecario = library profession.
    * profesión de bibliotecario y de documentalista, la = library and information services profession, the.
    * profesión del bibliotecario y documentalista, la = library and information profession, the.
    * profesiones de bibliotecario y de documentalista, las = information professions, the.
    * profesor-bibliotecario = teacher-librarian.
    * puesto de bibliotecario = library staff post.
    * trayectoria profesional como bibliotecario = library career.

    bibliotecario2

    Ex: That is a kind of, I would submit, bibliothecal arrogance on our part, a kind of intellectual elitism, if you will.

    * complejo bibliotecario = library complex.
    * comunidad bibliotecaria, la = library community, the, librarianship community, the.
    * cooperativa bibliotecaria en Escocia = SCOLCAP.
    * educación bibliotecaria = library education.
    * enseñanza bibliotecaria = library education.
    * extensión bibliotecaria = library outreach.
    * mercado bibliotecario, el = library market, the.
    * no bibliotecario = non-librarian.
    * personal de apoyo bibliotecario = library support staff.
    * prensa bibliotecaria, la = library press, the.
    * sector bibliotecario = library sector.
    * servicio bibliotecario mediante pago = fee-based library service.
    * servicio de extensión bibliotecaria = reach out.
    * servicios bibliotecarios para jóvenes = youth services.
    * servicios bibliotecarios para los sordos = library services for the deaf.
    * sistema bibliotecario de bibliotecas de un sólo tipo = single-type library system.
    * sistema bibliotecario de bibliotecas de varios tipos = multitype library system.

    * * *
    masculine, feminine
    librarian
    * * *

    bibliotecario
    ◊ - ria sustantivo masculino, femenino

    librarian
    bibliotecario,-a sustantivo masculino y femenino librarian

    ' bibliotecario' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    bibliotecaria
    English:
    librarian
    * * *
    bibliotecario, -a nm,f
    librarian
    * * *
    m, bibliotecaria f librarian
    * * *
    : librarian
    * * *
    bibliotecario n librarian

    Spanish-English dictionary > bibliotecario

  • 125 collettività

    f community
    * * *
    1 ( l'essere collettivo) collective nature, collectivity, communal use: la collettività di un servizio, the collective nature of a service
    2 ( comunità) community, general public: agire per il bene della collettività, to act for the good of all (o for the common interest).
    * * *
    [kollettivi'ta]
    sostantivo femminile invariabile community
    * * *
    collettività
    /kollettivi'ta/
    f.inv.
    community; nell'interesse della collettività for the common good.

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > collettività

  • 126 Xu Guangqi (Hsu Kuang-Chhi)

    [br]
    b. 1562 China
    d. 1633 China
    [br]
    Chinese writer and reporter on agricultural practice.
    [br]
    Living during the troubled Ming Dynasty, Xu Guangqi combined his energy and interest in scientific improvement to develop and strengthen the State: his interest in military technology was used in the formation of the defence of the State, whilst his interest in irrigation and crop husbandry was put to use in programmes of famine relief. He was a friend and protector of the Jesuit community in China, and between 1607 and 1610, when he was forced to absent himself from the political scene, he devoted his time to the study of the irrigation systems practised by the Jesuits, and also the cultivation of new crops.
    Stimulated by these studies he continued to collect information on agricultural technology even after he returned to political life. In addition he prepared a number of draft texts of an agricultural treatise, which he intended to provide a practical guide to agricultural practice, but which would also give an indication of the solutions to China's economic problems at the time. Despite the fact that he had amassed a huge amount of material, it was left to the Chinese scholar Chen Ziling (Chhen Tzu-Ling) to edit the draft, which was finally published six years after the death of Xu Guangqi in 1633.
    The treatise, called the Nong Zbeng Quan Shu (Wade-Giles transliteration: Nung Cheng Chhuan Shu), is a massive work quoting from some 299 sources, sometimes verbatim. In addition to parts dealing with husbandry, there are also large sections devoted to rural administration and to the development of rural light industry, as well as to the introduction of cash crops such as cotton. The Ming dynasty fell in 1644, and the policies set out by Xu Guangqi within this treatise were never implemented.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    F.Bray, Vol. VI. 2 in J.Needham (ed.), Science and Civilisation in China, Cambridge (devotes an early chapter to her sources in a comprehensive account of Chinese agriculture).
    AP

    Biographical history of technology > Xu Guangqi (Hsu Kuang-Chhi)

  • 127 Europe

    Europe [øʀɔp]
    feminine noun
    • l'Europe centrale/occidentale central/Western Europe
    * * *
    øʀɔp
    nom propre féminin Europe
    * * *
    øʀɔp nf
    * * *
    1 Géog Europe; l'Europe de l'Est Eastern Europe;
    2 Pol UE l'Europe communautaire the European community; l'Europe des douze the twelve, the twelve members of the EC; l'Europe de 1993 Europe in 1993; l'Europe verte Agricultural Europe; l'Europe de l'espace the joint European space venture; l'Europe sociale social aspects in Europe; faire l'Europe to build (the new) Europe.
    [ørɔp] nom propre féminin
    (l')Europe de l'Est East ou Eastern Europe
    l'Europe des douze the Twelve, the twelve member states (of the EC)
    Europe 1radio station broadcasting popular entertainment and general interest programmes

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > Europe

  • 128 κοινός

    κοινός, ή, όν (s. the numerous cognates that follow this entry; Hes.+) prim. ‘common’ (opp. ἴδιος)
    ① pert. to being of mutual interest or shared collectively, communal, common (so gener. Gk. lit., also LXX; EpArist, Philo, Joseph., SibOr).
    ⓐ adj. (ὁ κ. πάντων πατήρ Orig., C. Cels. 8, 53, 27) τράπεζα (Diod S 4, 74, 2) Dg 5:7a. πίστις Tit 1:4. σωτηρία (cp. SIG 409, 33f [ca. 275 B.C.]; X., An. 3, 2, 32; Diod S 37, 2, 5; Polyaenus 5, 31) Jd 3. κ. ἐλπίς IEph 21:2; IPhld 5:2; 11:2. κ. ὄνομα (Philo, Abr. 7, Leg. ad Gai. 194) IEph 1:2; εἶχον ἅπαντα κ. they had everything in common (κοινὰ πάντα ἔχειν: Strabo 7, 3, 9.—Diod S 5, 9, 4: the inhabitants of Lipara τὰς οὐσίας κοινὰς ποιησάμενοι καὶ ζῶντες κατὰ συσσίτια=they made their possessions common property and lived acc. to the custom of common meals; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 30, 168 of the Pythagoreans: κοινὰ πᾶσι πάντα … ἦν, ἴδιον δὲ οὐδεὶς οὐδὲν ἐκέκτητο. Porphyr., Vi. Pyth. 20. The word occurs in a sim. context w. ref. to the Essenes: Philo, Prob. Lib. 85; 86; Jos., Ant. 18, 20, and the Therapeutae: Philo, Vi. Cont. 32; 40; HBraun, Qumran u. d. NT, I, ’66, 43–50. Even Pla., Phdr. 279c κοινὰ τὰ τῶν φίλων) Ac 2:44; cp. 4:32 (cp. 1QS 6:2; for the recurring idea of the “other self” in antiquity s. also Persius, Satires 5, 22f; Horace, Odes 1, 3, 8; 2, 17, 5).—PSchmiedel, Die Gütergemeinschaft der ältesten Christenheit: PM 2, 1898, 367–78; EvDobschütz, Probleme des apost. Zeitalters 1904, 39ff; JBehm, Kommunismus im Urchristentum: NKZ 31, 1920, 275–97; KLake: Beginn. I/5, ’33, 140–51; Haenchen ad loc. (lit.). κοινῆς εἰκαιότητος καὶ ἀπάτης of general silliness and deceit Dg 4:6—Of body and spirit ἀμφότερα κ. ἐστιν both are in communion = belong together, cannot be separated Hs 5, 7, 4.
    ⓑ subst. τὸ κοινόν what is (in) common τὸ κ. τῆς ἐλπίδος the common ground of hope 1 Cl 51:1.—τὸ κ. the society, the community (to designate all those who belong to a given group: POxy 53, 2 τὸ κ. τῶν τεκτόνων; 84, 3; Jos., Vi. 65; Orig., C. Cels. 1, 31, 26; Hippol., Ref. 9, 19, 1) διακονία εἰς τὸ κ. service for the (Christian) community IPhld 1:1. Also the common treasury (Appian, Iber. 8, §31 τὸ κ.=the state treasury) of slaves ἐλευθεροῦσθαι ἀπὸ τοῦ κ. to be freed at the expense of the common treasury (i.e. of the Christian community) IPol 4:3 (cp. X., An. 4, 7, 27; 5, 1, 12 ἀπὸ κοινοῦ=at state expense; Jos., Vi. 297 ἐκ τοῦ κ.; 298).
    ⓒ adv. κοινῇ together, collectively (Soph., Thu.+; ins; PMagd 29, 2; LXX; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 70; 2, 166; Just., A I, 67, 5 and 7) IEph 20:2; ISm 12:2 (both in contrast to κατʼ ἄνδρα [‘man for man’, ‘individually’], as SIG 1073, 18); 7:2 (opp. κατʼ ἰδίαν, as Diod S 11, 24, 4; Dio Chrys. 34 [51], 9; SIG 630, 15 (restored rdg.); 2 Macc 9:26). τὸ κοινῇ συμφέρον the common good B 4:10.
    ② pert. to being of little value because of being common, common, ordinary, profane
    ⓐ in a general sense (cp. Alcman [VII B.C.], Fgm. 49 D.2 τὰ κοινά of that which ordinary people eat, in contrast to those of more refined tastes; Plut., Mor. 751b καλὸν γὰρ ἡ φιλία καὶ ἀστεῖον, ἡ δὲ ἡδονὴ κοινὸν καὶ ἀνελεύθερον [Ltzm., Hdb. on Ro 14:14]; cp. 1 Macc 1:47, 62; EpArist 315=Jos., Ant. 12, 112 κοινοὶ ἄνθρωποι; 13, 4; Iren. 4, 18, 5 [Harv. II 206, 11]). κ. ἡγεῖσθαί τι consider someth. ordinary Hb 10:29, unless this belongs in 2b.
    ⓑ specifically, of that which is ceremonially impure: Rv 21:27. χεῖρες (ceremon.) impure Mk 7:2, 5 (MSmith, Tannaitic Parall. to the Gosp. ’51, 31f); οὐδὲν κ. διʼ ἑαυτοῦ nothing is unclean of itself Ro 14:14a; cp. bc of this same vs. οὐδέποτε ἔφαγον πᾶν κ. καὶ ἀκάθαρτον I have never eaten anything common or unclean (1 Macc 1:62) Ac 10:14; cp. vs. 28; 11:8 (CHouse, Andrews University Seminary Studies 21, ’83, 143–53); GJs 6:1 (s. deStrycker). Hb 10:29, s. 2a.—Dg 5:7b (see κοίτη 1b).—B. 1365. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > κοινός

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