-
1 commeatus
I.A going to and fro, passing freely, going at will:II.in eo conclavid ego perfodi parietem, Quā conmeatus clam esset hinc huc mulieri,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 65; cf.:commeatum vocis exercent fauces,
Pall. 1, 3.—Meton.A.A place through which one can pass back and forth, a thoroughfare, passage (rare; cf.:B.abitus, aditus, circuitus, etc.): nimis beat, quod conmeatus transtinet trans parietem,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 58:per hortum utroque conmeatus continet,
id. Stich. 3, 1, 44; Dig. 43, 8, 2, § 25.—A leave of absence from one ' s station for a definite time, a furlough:C.commeare, ultro citro ire: unde commeatus dari dicitur, id est tempus, quo ire, redire quis posset,
Fest. p. 277, 27 Müll.:dare commeatum totius aestatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 25, § 62:petere,
Vell. 2, 11, 2; Suet. Tib. 10; id. Ner. 35; id. Galb. 6; id. Claud. 23:sumere,
Liv. 3, 46, 10:dare,
id. 3, 46, 9; Suet. Calig. 29:accipere,
Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 2:in commeatu esse,
to be on furlough, Liv. 33, 29, 4:commeatu abesse,
Suet. Tib. 72; Dig. 4, 6, 35, § 9:in iis stativis satis liberi commeatus erant,
Liv. 1, 57, 4:(legiones) promiscuis militum commeatibus infirmaverat,
Tac. A. 15, 10; cf. id. H. 1, 46:cum miles ad commeatus diem non adfuit,
on the day when the furlough expired, Quint. 7, 4, 14; cf. Auct. Her. 1, 14, 24:commeatūs spatium excedere,
Dig. 49, 16, 14:ultra commeatum abesse,
ib. 50, 1, 2, § 6.— Transf.:cras igitur (sc. proficiscar), nisi quid a te commeatus,
Cic. Att. 13, 41 fin. dub. (al. commeat); v. Orell. N. cr.:longum mihi commeatum dederat mala valetudo,
rest, Sen. Ep. 54, 1:servitus assidua... sine intervallo, sine commeatu,
id. Q. N. 3, praef. § 16.—A train, a convoy, caravan, a company carried, a transportation, trip, passage:D.Londinium copiā negotiatorum et commeatuum maxime celebre,
Tac. A. 14, 33; 13, 39; Suet. Ner. 20:duobus commeatibus exercitum reportare instituit,
Caes. B. G. 5, 23: secundum commeatum in Africam mittit ad Caesarem, Auct. B. Afr. 34: commeatibus per municipia ac colonias dispositis, supplies of provisions, relays of horses, etc., Suet. Tib. 38:cerneres canes... per omnem nostrum commeatum morsibus ambulare,
App. M. 8, p. 209, 18.—Provisions, supplies (very freq., esp. in the histt., in sing. and plur.): interclude inimicis commeatum;2.tibi muni viam, Quā cibatus commeatusque ad te et legiones tuas Tuto possit pervenire,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 70 sq.; cf.:importare in coloniam,
id. Ep. 3, 2, 7:ex omnibus provinciis commeatu et publico et privato prohibebamur,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53:ne foro quidem et commeatu juvare populum Romanum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 52:commeatu nostros prohibere,
Caes. B. G. 2, 9 fin.:neque exercitum sine magno commeatu atque molimento in unum locum contrahere posse,
id. ib. 1, 34; Quint. 8, 6, 26:maritimi,
Liv. 5, 54, 4:ex montibus invecti,
id. 9, 13, 10:advecti,
id. 9, 32, 2:convecto,
id. 2, 14, 3 al.; Suet. Calig. 43:magni commeatus frumenti Romam subvecti,
Liv. 28, 4, 7.—Freq. opp. frumentum, the remaining supplies of war:* E.ad Vesontionem rei frumentariae commeatūsque causā moratur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 39:uti frumento commeatuque Caesarem intercluderet,
id. ib. 1, 48; 3, 6; 3, 23 fin.; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 70 supra.—Transf.:commeatus argentarius,
gain acquired by money transactions, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 9. -
2 conmeatus
I.A going to and fro, passing freely, going at will:II.in eo conclavid ego perfodi parietem, Quā conmeatus clam esset hinc huc mulieri,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 65; cf.:commeatum vocis exercent fauces,
Pall. 1, 3.—Meton.A.A place through which one can pass back and forth, a thoroughfare, passage (rare; cf.:B.abitus, aditus, circuitus, etc.): nimis beat, quod conmeatus transtinet trans parietem,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 58:per hortum utroque conmeatus continet,
id. Stich. 3, 1, 44; Dig. 43, 8, 2, § 25.—A leave of absence from one ' s station for a definite time, a furlough:C.commeare, ultro citro ire: unde commeatus dari dicitur, id est tempus, quo ire, redire quis posset,
Fest. p. 277, 27 Müll.:dare commeatum totius aestatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 25, § 62:petere,
Vell. 2, 11, 2; Suet. Tib. 10; id. Ner. 35; id. Galb. 6; id. Claud. 23:sumere,
Liv. 3, 46, 10:dare,
id. 3, 46, 9; Suet. Calig. 29:accipere,
Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 2:in commeatu esse,
to be on furlough, Liv. 33, 29, 4:commeatu abesse,
Suet. Tib. 72; Dig. 4, 6, 35, § 9:in iis stativis satis liberi commeatus erant,
Liv. 1, 57, 4:(legiones) promiscuis militum commeatibus infirmaverat,
Tac. A. 15, 10; cf. id. H. 1, 46:cum miles ad commeatus diem non adfuit,
on the day when the furlough expired, Quint. 7, 4, 14; cf. Auct. Her. 1, 14, 24:commeatūs spatium excedere,
Dig. 49, 16, 14:ultra commeatum abesse,
ib. 50, 1, 2, § 6.— Transf.:cras igitur (sc. proficiscar), nisi quid a te commeatus,
Cic. Att. 13, 41 fin. dub. (al. commeat); v. Orell. N. cr.:longum mihi commeatum dederat mala valetudo,
rest, Sen. Ep. 54, 1:servitus assidua... sine intervallo, sine commeatu,
id. Q. N. 3, praef. § 16.—A train, a convoy, caravan, a company carried, a transportation, trip, passage:D.Londinium copiā negotiatorum et commeatuum maxime celebre,
Tac. A. 14, 33; 13, 39; Suet. Ner. 20:duobus commeatibus exercitum reportare instituit,
Caes. B. G. 5, 23: secundum commeatum in Africam mittit ad Caesarem, Auct. B. Afr. 34: commeatibus per municipia ac colonias dispositis, supplies of provisions, relays of horses, etc., Suet. Tib. 38:cerneres canes... per omnem nostrum commeatum morsibus ambulare,
App. M. 8, p. 209, 18.—Provisions, supplies (very freq., esp. in the histt., in sing. and plur.): interclude inimicis commeatum;2.tibi muni viam, Quā cibatus commeatusque ad te et legiones tuas Tuto possit pervenire,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 70 sq.; cf.:importare in coloniam,
id. Ep. 3, 2, 7:ex omnibus provinciis commeatu et publico et privato prohibebamur,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53:ne foro quidem et commeatu juvare populum Romanum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 52:commeatu nostros prohibere,
Caes. B. G. 2, 9 fin.:neque exercitum sine magno commeatu atque molimento in unum locum contrahere posse,
id. ib. 1, 34; Quint. 8, 6, 26:maritimi,
Liv. 5, 54, 4:ex montibus invecti,
id. 9, 13, 10:advecti,
id. 9, 32, 2:convecto,
id. 2, 14, 3 al.; Suet. Calig. 43:magni commeatus frumenti Romam subvecti,
Liv. 28, 4, 7.—Freq. opp. frumentum, the remaining supplies of war:* E.ad Vesontionem rei frumentariae commeatūsque causā moratur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 39:uti frumento commeatuque Caesarem intercluderet,
id. ib. 1, 48; 3, 6; 3, 23 fin.; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 70 supra.—Transf.:commeatus argentarius,
gain acquired by money transactions, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 9. -
3 porto
porto, āvi, ātum, v. freq. a. [root porfor for-to, kindr. with fer-o; Sanscr. vhri, ferre], to bear or carry along; to convey any thing heavy (class.; syn.: fero, gero, veho).I.Lit.:II.ferri proprie dicimus, quae quis suo corpore bajulat, portari ea, quae quis in jumento secum ducit, agi ea, quae animalia sunt,
Dig. 50, 16, 235 (the foll. pass. prove that this distinction is not valid):ut id, quod agri efferant sui, quascumque velint in terras portare possint,
Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 9:hominem ad Baias octophoro,
id. Q. Fr. 2, 10, 2:Massili portabant juvenes ad litora tanas, Enn. ap. Don. p. 1777 P. (Ann. v. 605 Vahl.): frumentum,
Cic. Att. 14, 3, 1:viaticum ad hostem,
id. Fam. 12, 3, 2; cf. id. Font. 5, 9:Massilium in triumpho,
to conduct, id. Off. 2, 8, 28:frumentum secum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 5:corpora insueta ad onera portanda,
id. B. C. 1, 78:panem umeris,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 90:sub alā Fasciculum librorum,
id. Ep. 1, 13, 13:aliquid in suo sinu,
Ov. M. 6, 338:ad modum aliquid portantium,
Quint. 11, 3, 120:venter qui te portavit,
Vulg. Luc. 11, 27:telum, hominis occidendi causā portare, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 1, 13, 1.—Esp. of ships, etc.: navis portat milites,
Caes. B. G. 5, 23, 3:naves onerariae commeatum ab Ostiā in Hispaniam ad exercitum portantes,
Liv. 22, 11, 6:commeatum exercitui,
id. 32, 18, 3; 37, 23, 2 al.—Trop.A.To bear, carry, bring (mostly poet.;B.not in Cic.): onustum pectus porto laetitiā,
Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 3:alicui tantum boni,
id. Capt. 4, 2, 89; cf.:di boni, boni quid porto!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 1:porto hoc jurgium Ad uxorem,
id. Hec. 3, 5, 63:alicui aliquam fallaciam,
id. And. 2, 6, 2:timores insolitos alicui,
Prop. 1, 3, 29:preces alicujus alicui,
Val. Fl. 2, 326.—With abstract subjects:nescio quid peccati portet haec purgatio,
bears with it, imports, betokens, Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 12:portantia verba salutem,
bringing, Ov. P. 3, 4, 1:tristitiam Tradam protervis in mare Portare ventis,
Hor. C. 1, 26, 3:salutem,
Sil. 9, 428.—In prose:sociis atque amicis auxilia portabant,
Sall. C. 6, 5:divitias, decus, gloriam, libertatem atque patriam in dexteris portare,
id. ib. 58, 7:has spes cogitationesque secum portantes,
Liv. 1, 34, 10:ad conjuges liberosque laetum nuntium portabant,
id. 45, 1 fin.:hic vobis bellum et pacem portamus,
id. 21, 18.— -
4 ad-fatim (aff-)
ad-fatim (aff-) adv. [2 FA-], satisfactorily, sufficiently, abundantly: satiata: parare commeatum, S.: vesci seminibus.—With gen part.: habetis adfatim lignorum, L.: pecuniae, L. -
5 cum or (earlier) quom (not quum)
cum or (earlier) quom (not quum) conj. [1 CA-]. I. Prop., of time (cum temporale), constr. with indic. in an independent assertion; with subj. in a subordinate statement.—Fixing a point of time, when, at the time when: Lacrumo, quom in mentem venit, now that, T.: auditis, cum ea breviter dicuntur: eo cum venio: Postera cum lustrabat terras dies, V.: cum contionem habuit: cum proxime Romae fui: cum Italia vexata est: cum stellas fugarat dies, V.: quom non potest haberi, cupis, T.: tempus cum pater iacebat: eo tempore, cum necesse erat: memini noctis illius, cum pollicebar: tunc, cum adempta sunt arma, L.: etiam tum, cum verisimile erit, latratote, not until: cum peroraro, tum requiratis: cum signum dedero, tum invadite, L.: sese, cum opus esset, signum daturum, Cs.: sua bona, cum causae dicendae data facultas sit, tum se experturum, L. — Fixing or defining a period of time, when, while, during the time that, as, as long as, after: Alium esse censes nunc me, atque olim quom dabam? T.: risum vix tenebam, cum comparabas, etc.: tum, cum illum exterminari volebam, putabam, etc.: Hasdrubal, cum haec gerebantur, apud Syphaeum erat, L.—Of repeated action, when, whenever, at times when, as often as, always... when, if: omnes, quom valemus, recta consilia aegrotis damus, T.: cum permagna praemia sunt, est causa peccandi: Cum furit... Profuit aestūs avertere, V.: cum cogniti sunt, retinent caritatem: cum rosam viderat, tum incipere ver arbitrabatur, never until.—In clauses stating a fact, the point or period of time fixed by the main sentence (cum inversum), when, at the time when, and at this time, and meanwhile, and yet: longe iam abieram, quom sensi, T.: dies nondum decem intercesserant, cum filius necatur: Vix ea fatus erat, cum scindit se nubes, V.: multum diei processerat, cum etiamtum eventus in incerto erat, S.: nondum lucebat, cum scitum est: iamque hoc facere apparabant, cum matres procurrerunt, Cs.: Et iam phalanx ibat... flammas cum puppis Extulerat, V.: anni sunt octo, cum interea invenitis, etc.: cum interim milites domum obsidere coeperunt: nondum centum anni sunt, cum lata lex est.—Describing a time by natural events, when, while, as soon as: ipsi, cum iam dilucesceret, deducuntur: cum lux adpropinquaret.—In narration, describing the occasion or circumstances of an action (cum historicum), when, on the occasion that, under the circumstances that, while, after.—With imperf: Magistratus quom ibi adesset, occeptast agi, T.: Marius, cum secaretur, vetuit se adligari: Caesar cum ab hoste non amplius abesset... legati revertuntur, Cs.: heri, cum vos non adessetis: cum ad tribum Polliam ventum est, et praeco cunctaretur, ‘cita,’ inquit, etc., L.: Socrates, cum XXX tyranni essent, pedem portā non extulit, as long as: vidi, Cum tu terga dares, O.: is cum interrogaretur... respondit.—With maxime, just as, precisely when: Caesar, cum maxime furor arderet Antoni, exercitum comparavit: cum maxime agmen explicaretur, adoriuntur, L. — With perf: hic pagus, cum domo exisset, Cassium interfecerat, Cs.: cum domos vacuas fecissent, iunguntur nuptiis, L.: cum fanum expilavisset, navigabat Syracusas. — Of repeated occasions, when, whenever, on every occasion that, as often as.—With imperf: dispersos, cum longius procederent, adoriebatur, Cs.: saepe, cum aliquem videret, etc., on seeing, N.: numquam est conspectus, cum veniret. — With pluperf: Cum cohortes ex acie procucurrissent, Numidae effugiebant, Cs.: qui cum in convivium venisset: quantum obfuit multis, cum fecissent, etc.—Describing a time named in the principal sentence, when, such that, in which: Si ullum fuit tempus quom ego fuerim, etc., T.: fuit antea tempus, cum Galli superarent, Cs.: vigesimo anno, cum tot praetores in provinciā fuissent: eodem anno, cum omnia infida essent, L.: biduum supererat, cum frumentum metiri oporteret, in which, Cs.: fuit cum arbitrarer, etc.: audivi cum diceret, etc.— II. Meton., of identical actions, when, in that, by the fact that: Qui quom hunc accusant, Naevium accusant, T.: quae cum taces, nulla esse concedis: quod cum facit, iudicat, etc.: senatum intueri videor, cum te videor, L.: loco ille motus est, cum ex urbe est depulsus: quod cum dederis, illud dederis, ut, etc.: illa scelera, cum eius domum evertisti (which you committed) in uprooting: purgatio est cum factum conceditur, culpa removetur.—In hypothesis, assuming a fact, when, if: ad cuius fidem confugiet, cum per eius fidem laeditur, etc.—Contrary to fact, when, if, if at such a time: haec neque cum ego dicerem, neque cum tu negares, magni momenti nostra esset oratio: quod esset iudicium, cum tres... adsedissent?—Explaining a feeling, etc., that, because, for: Dis habeo gratiam, Quom adfuerunt liberae, T.: gratulor tibi, cum tantum vales. — As connective, correl. with tum, while, when; cum... tum, as... so, both... and, and besides, while... especially: Quom id mihi placebat, tum omnes bona dicere, T.: cum omnes eo convenerant, tum navium quod ubique fuerat coëgerant, Cs.: qui cum multa providit, tum quod te consulem non vidit: movit patres cum causa, tum auctor, L.—In the adverb. phrase cum maxime, with ellips. of predicate, in the highest degree, most: hanc Amabat, ut quom maxime, tum Pamphilus, as much as ever, T.: ea, quae fiunt cum maxime, i. e. at this very moment: sed cum maxime tamen hoc significabat, precisely this: quae multos iam annos, et nunc cum maxime, cupit.— III. Praegn., giving a cause or reason (cum causale), when, since, because, inasmuch as, seeing that, in that, in view of the fact that: haud invito sermo mi accessit tuos, Quom... intellego, T.: Deos quaeso ut sit superstes, Quom veritust facere, etc., T.: an pater familiarissimis suscensuit, cum Sullam laudarent? for praising: quae cum ita sint, videamus, etc.: cum longinqua instet militia, commeatum do, L.: cum tanta multitudo tela conicerent, potestas erat, etc., Cs.: cum esset egens, coepit, etc.: Caesar cum constituisset hiemare in continenti, obsides imperat, Cs.—So often nunc cum, now that, since in fact: nunc vero cum sit unus Pompeius.—Often with praesertim, especially since, more than all when: nam puerum non tollent... Praesertim quom sit, etc., T.: cum praesertim vos aliam miseritis.—With quippe, since evidently, since of course: nihil est virtute amabilius... quippe cum propter virtutem diligamus, etc. — In contrasts, when, while, whereas, while on the contrary, and yet (cum adversativum): finem faciam dicundi, quom ipse finem non facit? T.: quo tandem ore mentionem facitis... cum fateamini, etc.: cum maximis eum rebus liberares... culpam relinquebas: simulat se confiteri, cum interea aliud machinetur.—In concessions, when, although, notwithstanding (cum concessivum): nil quom est, nil defit tamen, T.: pecuniam facere cum posset, non statuit: cum aquae vim vehat ingentem (Druentia), non tamen navium patiens est, L.: patrem meum, cum proscriptus non esset, ingulastis: quam causam dixerat, cum annos ad quinquaginta natus esset? -
6 portō
portō āvī, ātus, āre, freq. [1 PAR-], to bear, carry, convey, take: hominem ad Baias octophoro: viaticum ad hostem: frumentum secum, Cs.: corpora insueta ad onera portanda, Cs.: sub alā Fasciculum librorum, H.: in suo sinu natos, O.: navis, quae milites portaret, had on board, Cs.: naves commeatum ab Ostiā in Hispaniam ad exercitum portantes, L.: equus ut me portet, H.—Fig., to bear, carry, bring: Di boni, boni quid porto! T.: nescio quid peccati portat haec purgatio, imports, T.: portantia verba salutem, bringing, O.: tristitiam Tradam protervis in mare Portare ventis, H.: sociis atque amicis auxilia, S.: ad coniuges laetum nuntium, L.: vobis bellum et pacem, L.* * *portare, portavi, portatus Vcarry, bring -
7 rapiō
rapiō puī (old fut perf. rapsit, C.), raptus, ere [RAP-], to seize and carry off, snatch, tear, pluck, drag, hurry away: sublimen intro hunc rape, T.: quo fessum rapitis? V.: Quo me cunque rapit tempestas, H.: sumasne pudenter An rapias, snatch, H.: ab aede rapuit funale, O.: de volnere telum, V.: commeatum in navīs rapiunt, L.: pars densa ferarum Tecta rapit, i. e. break off boughs of trees (in collecting wood), V.: in ius, drag before a court, H.: ob facinus ad supplicium, hale: alii ad necem rapiebantur: ad stuprum matres, L.: (infantes) ab ubere rapti, V.: nec variis obsita frondibus Sub divom rapiam, drag into open day, H.: Nasonis carmina rapti, i. e. torn from his home, O.— To hurry, impel, drive, cause to hasten: Quattuor hinc rapimur raedis, H.: per aequora navem, V.: ventis per aequora, O.: missos currūs, H.: arma rapiat iuventus, snatch, V.: arma, O.: bipennem dextrā, V.: rapiuntque ruuntque, hurry and bustle, V.—With pron reflex., to make haste, hasten, hurry, fly: ocius hinc te Ni rapis, H.: se ad caedem optimi cuiusque.— To carry off by force, seize, rob, ravish, plunder, ravage, lay waste, take by assault, carry by storm: spes rapiendi occaecat animos: semper rapiens, semper ebrius: raptas ad litora vertere praedas, V.: rapere omnes trahere, S.: vivere latronum ritu, ut tantum haberet, quantum rapere potuisset: virgines, to abduct, S.: Arsit Atrides Virgine raptā, H.: Omne sacrum rapiente dextrā, H.: alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama, pillage and plunder, V.: castra urbesque primo impetu rapere, L.— To carry off suddenly, snatch away, destroy: improvisa leti Vis rapuit rapietque gentes, H.: rapto de fratre dolens, H.: Et labor et durae rapit inclementia mortis, i. e. hurries on, V.— To take, catch, assume: flammam, catch quickly, V.: nigrum colorem, O.: Virga... Vim rapuit monstri, imbibed, O.— To lead on hurriedly: Halesus Turno feroces Mille rapit populus, leads hastily on, V.: Nec rapit inmensos orbīs per humum, sweeps along, V.—Fig., to snatch away, carry along, hurry away: ipsae res verba rapiunt, carry along with them: (comoediam) in peiorem partem, i. e. misrepresent, T.: Si quis in adversum rapiat casusve deusve, V.: almum Quae rapit hora diem, snatches away, H.: simul tecum solacia rapta, V. — To drive, impel, carry away, precipitate, transport, ravish, captivate, overwhelm, draw irresistibly: ad divinarum rerum cognitionem curā studioque rapi: semper eo tractus est, quo libido rapuit: amentiā rapi: Furorne caecus, an rapit vis acrior, An culpa? H.: animum In partīs rapit varias, turns hurriedly, V.: ad quas (res) plerique inflammati aviditate rapiuntur.— To seize by violence, snatch, steal: Hippodameam raptis nanctu'st nuptiis, Enn. ap. C.: Venerem incertam, H.: sed rapiat sitiens Venerem, but may eagerly seize upon, V.— To snatch, seize quickly, hasten, precipitate: rapienda occasio, Iu.: viam, hasten, O.: ut limis rapias, quid velit, etc., may hastily note, H.: raptae prope inter arma nuptiae, L.* * *rapere, rapui, raptus Vdrag off; snatch; destroy; seize, carry off; pillage; hurry -
8 ac
atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).I.In joining single words, which is its most common use.A.In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)1.The form atque.a.Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):b.sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):2.Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):B.sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—Esp.a.In a hendiadys:b.utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).(α).Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:(β).Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—With adeo, and that too, and even:(γ).intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—With etiam:(δ).id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—With the dem. pron. hic, is:II.negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—In comparisons.A.Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:B.si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:C.illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;D.once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;E.in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):F.nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:G.amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:III.principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.a.Absol.:b.Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—With potius:IV.Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —In connecting clauses and beginning periods.1.In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:2.atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.a.Absol.:b.maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —Often with etiam:c.Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—Sometimes with quoque:d.Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—3.In narration:4.aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):5.Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—In connecting two acts or events.a.In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;b. (α).ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—Absol.:(β).si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—With ita or sic:c.Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):6.non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:7.Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—In expressing a wish, atque utinam:8.Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.a.Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;b.atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—With tamen:9.nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;10.... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).a.A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:b.Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—A positive purpose:11.Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:b.atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—In introducing parentheses:c.vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:V.Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—In particular connections and phrases.A.Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:B.unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—Etiam atque etiam. again and again:C.temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—D.Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:E.atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:F.Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—With other conjunctions.1.After et:2.equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:3.submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—Before et:4.caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):G.nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:a.In the second place:b.Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—In the third place:quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.) -
9 adfatim
affătim (also adf-), adv. [Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 123, cites fatim = abundanter; cf.: fatiscor, defatiscor, fatigo; Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 158, refers fatim to the same root as chatis, chêros].I.To satisfaction, sufficiently, abundantly, enough (so that one desires no more, therefore subjective; while satis signifies sufficient, so that one needs nothing more, therefore objective, Doed. Syn. I. p. 108 sq.): adfatim edi, bibi, lusi, Liv. Andron. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 11 Müll., after Hom. Od. 15, 372 (Com. Rel. p. 4 Rib.):II.edas de alieno quantum velis, usque adfatim,
till you have enough, Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 31: miseria una uni quidem homini est adfatim, id. Trin. 5, 2, 61 (where adfatim, as sometimes also satis, abunde, frustra, is constr. as an adj.):eisdem seminibus homines adfatim vescuntur,
Cic. N. D. 2, 51:adfatim satiata (aquila),
id. Tusc. 2, 10, 24:adfatim satisfacere alicui,
id. Att. 2, 16:parare commeatum adfatim,
Sall. J. 43:de cytiso adfatim diximus,
Plin. 18, 16, 43, § 148.—Acc. to Fest. p. 11, Terence uses it (in a passage not now extant) for ad lassitudinem, to weariness, satiety, which may be derived from the etym. above given.—Sometimes, like abunde and satis, as subst. with gen.; v. Roby, §§1294, 1296, and Rudd. II. p. 317: divitiarum adfatim est,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 33:hominum,
id. Men. 3, 1, 10:copiarum,
Liv. 34, 37:vini,
Just. 1, 8.—In later Lat. before an adj. (cf. abunde), sufficiently, enough:► The poet and gram.adfatim onustus,
App. M. 9, p. 221, 31 Elm.:feminae adfatim multae,
Amm. 14, 6.Annianus, in Gell. 7, 7, 1, accented the word a/dfatim, while at an earlier period it was pronounced adfa/tim, since it was considered as two words; cf. Doed. Syn. I. p. 110. -
10 adque
atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).I.In joining single words, which is its most common use.A.In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)1.The form atque.a.Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):b.sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):2.Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):B.sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—Esp.a.In a hendiadys:b.utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).(α).Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:(β).Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—With adeo, and that too, and even:(γ).intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—With etiam:(δ).id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—With the dem. pron. hic, is:II.negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—In comparisons.A.Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:B.si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:C.illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;D.once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;E.in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):F.nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:G.amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:III.principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.a.Absol.:b.Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—With potius:IV.Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —In connecting clauses and beginning periods.1.In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:2.atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.a.Absol.:b.maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —Often with etiam:c.Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—Sometimes with quoque:d.Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—3.In narration:4.aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):5.Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—In connecting two acts or events.a.In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;b. (α).ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—Absol.:(β).si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—With ita or sic:c.Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):6.non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:7.Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—In expressing a wish, atque utinam:8.Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.a.Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;b.atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—With tamen:9.nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;10.... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).a.A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:b.Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—A positive purpose:11.Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:b.atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—In introducing parentheses:c.vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:V.Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—In particular connections and phrases.A.Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:B.unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—Etiam atque etiam. again and again:C.temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—D.Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:E.atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:F.Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—With other conjunctions.1.After et:2.equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:3.submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—Before et:4.caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):G.nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:a.In the second place:b.Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—In the third place:quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.) -
11 affatim
affătim (also adf-), adv. [Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 123, cites fatim = abundanter; cf.: fatiscor, defatiscor, fatigo; Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 158, refers fatim to the same root as chatis, chêros].I.To satisfaction, sufficiently, abundantly, enough (so that one desires no more, therefore subjective; while satis signifies sufficient, so that one needs nothing more, therefore objective, Doed. Syn. I. p. 108 sq.): adfatim edi, bibi, lusi, Liv. Andron. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 11 Müll., after Hom. Od. 15, 372 (Com. Rel. p. 4 Rib.):II.edas de alieno quantum velis, usque adfatim,
till you have enough, Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 31: miseria una uni quidem homini est adfatim, id. Trin. 5, 2, 61 (where adfatim, as sometimes also satis, abunde, frustra, is constr. as an adj.):eisdem seminibus homines adfatim vescuntur,
Cic. N. D. 2, 51:adfatim satiata (aquila),
id. Tusc. 2, 10, 24:adfatim satisfacere alicui,
id. Att. 2, 16:parare commeatum adfatim,
Sall. J. 43:de cytiso adfatim diximus,
Plin. 18, 16, 43, § 148.—Acc. to Fest. p. 11, Terence uses it (in a passage not now extant) for ad lassitudinem, to weariness, satiety, which may be derived from the etym. above given.—Sometimes, like abunde and satis, as subst. with gen.; v. Roby, §§1294, 1296, and Rudd. II. p. 317: divitiarum adfatim est,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 33:hominum,
id. Men. 3, 1, 10:copiarum,
Liv. 34, 37:vini,
Just. 1, 8.—In later Lat. before an adj. (cf. abunde), sufficiently, enough:► The poet and gram.adfatim onustus,
App. M. 9, p. 221, 31 Elm.:feminae adfatim multae,
Amm. 14, 6.Annianus, in Gell. 7, 7, 1, accented the word a/dfatim, while at an earlier period it was pronounced adfa/tim, since it was considered as two words; cf. Doed. Syn. I. p. 110. -
12 atque
atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).I.In joining single words, which is its most common use.A.In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)1.The form atque.a.Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):b.sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):2.Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):B.sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—Esp.a.In a hendiadys:b.utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).(α).Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:(β).Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—With adeo, and that too, and even:(γ).intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—With etiam:(δ).id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—With the dem. pron. hic, is:II.negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—In comparisons.A.Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:B.si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:C.illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;D.once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;E.in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):F.nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:G.amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:III.principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.a.Absol.:b.Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—With potius:IV.Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —In connecting clauses and beginning periods.1.In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:2.atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.a.Absol.:b.maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —Often with etiam:c.Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—Sometimes with quoque:d.Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—3.In narration:4.aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):5.Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—In connecting two acts or events.a.In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;b. (α).ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—Absol.:(β).si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—With ita or sic:c.Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):6.non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:7.Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—In expressing a wish, atque utinam:8.Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.a.Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;b.atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—With tamen:9.nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;10.... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).a.A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:b.Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—A positive purpose:11.Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:b.atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—In introducing parentheses:c.vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:V.Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—In particular connections and phrases.A.Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:B.unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—Etiam atque etiam. again and again:C.temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—D.Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:E.atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:F.Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—With other conjunctions.1.After et:2.equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:3.submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—Before et:4.caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):G.nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:a.In the second place:b.Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—In the third place:quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.) -
13 ex praeparato
prae-păro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to get or make ready beforehand, to prepare, equip, make preparations for, etc. (class.; cf.: paro, apparo).I.Lit.:II.ea quae videntur instare,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 22:praeparaverat ante naves,
Liv. 30, 20, 5:commeatum,
id. 7, 12:frumentum in decem annos,
id. 42, 12:locum domestici belli causā,
Caes. B. G. 5, 9: se et suos milites ad proelia, Sall. Fragm. ap. Veg. Mil. 1, 9:praeparato ad talem casum perfugio,
Liv. 24, 2, 11:praeparatis jam omnibus ad fugam,
id. 33, 47, 10; 26, 19, 5; 35, 17, 1; 40, 15, 13; Quint. 2, 4, 28:praeparat se pugnae,
prepares himself for the combat, Plin. 8, 20, 29, § 71:exercitum majori operi,
Vell. 2, 109, 2:puppes,
Luc. 3, 16:arva frumentis,
Col. 2, 16:pecunia stipendio militum praeparata,
Curt. 3, 13, 10:profectionem,
to make preparations for one's departure, Suet. Tib. 38:necem fratri,
Tac. A. 11, 8:res necessarias ad vitam degendam,
to provide, Cic. Off. 1, 4, 11:cibos hiemi,
Plin. 8, 37, 56, § 133:anchusae radix praeparat lanas pretiosis coloribus,
prepares, id. 22, 20, 23, § 48; 24, 11, 58, § 96; 29, 6, 34, § 107:potum cantharidum,
id. 29, 4, 30, § 93:ova,
to prepare for eating, to cook, dress, Mart. 1, 56, 12:qui sibi praeparabat imperium,
was aiming at, aspiring to, Spart. Hadr. 22.—Trop.: animos ad sapientiam concipiendam, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 12, 23; id. Tusc. 2, 5, 13:gratiam adversus publicum odium,
Tac. H. 1, 72:excusationem,
Petr. 139:aditum nefariae spei,
Curt. 5, 9, 5; 4, 9, 13.—Hence, praepărātus, a, um, P. a., prepared, provided with any thing (class.):praeparatos quodam cultu atque victu proficisci ad dormiendum,
Cic. Div. 2, 58, 119:praeparato animo se tradere quieti,
id. ib. 1, 53, 121:bene praeparatum Pectus,
Hor. C. 2, 10, 14:praeparatis auribus,
Cic. Or 28, 99.— Hence, adv.: praepărātō or ex prae-părātō, with preparation:quam nihil praeparato, nihil festinato fecisse videtur Milo!
Quint. 4, 2, 1:ex ante praeparato,
Liv. 10, 41:non enim ex praeparato locutus est, sed subito deprehensus,
Sen. Ep. 11, 1. -
14 locatum
lŏco, āvi, ātum, 1 (old forms, locassim for locaverim, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 51; so,I.locassint,
Cic. Leg. 3, 4, 11), v. a. [locus], to place, put, lay, set, dispose, arrange.Lit.A.In gen.:B.equites pro cornibus,
Quint. 2, 13, 3:crates adversas locari jubet,
Caes. B. C. 3, 46:milites super vallum in munimentis,
Sall. J. 100:cum sol ita locatus fuisset, ut, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 15, 23:fundamenta (urbis),
Verg. A. 4, 266; cf. id. ib. 1, 428:gramineoque viros locat ipse sedili,
id. ib. 8, 176:vicos,
Tac. G. 16:stipendium et commeatum,
Sall. J. 90.—In partic.1.Locare puellam in matrimonium or in matrimonio, nuptiis, nuptum, or simply locare, to give a girl in marriage, to marry her to any one: cur me huic locabas nuptiis? Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38 (Trag. v. 157 Vahl.):2.virginem habeo grandem, neque eam queo locare quoiquam,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 15:in matrimonium,
id. Trin. 3, 3, 52:aliquam in luculentam familiam,
id. Cist. 3, 2, 18:nuptum virginem adulescenti,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 25.—To let, lease, to hire or farm out (opp. conduco):b.vectigalia,
Cic. Agr. 1, 3, 7:portorium,
id. Inv. 1, 30, 47:agrum frumento,
Liv. 27, 3:praedia non nummo sed partibus,
Plin. Ep. 9, 37, 3:tabernas civitatibus ad stationem,
Suet. Ner. 37.—To give out on contract, to contract for having a thing done:c.tu idem optimum est Loces efferendum: nam jam credo mortuus est,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 30:impero, ut tu me quoivis castrandum loces,
id. ib. 2, 2, 73:ut quod sit sibi operis locatum ecficeret,
id. As. 2, 4, 37:ego operam meam tribus nummis hodie locavi ad artis naugatorias,
id. Trin. 4, 2, 2:statuam faciendam,
Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 16:funera,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 120:majore pecuniā columnas dealbandas, quam, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 1, 59, §154: statuas demoliendas,
id. ib. 2, 2, 67, § 161: auseribus cibaria publice locantur (sc. praebenda), [p. 1074] id. Rosc. Am. 20, 56:Junoni templum (sc. exstruendum),
Liv. 5, 23:vestimenta exercitui (sc. facienda),
id. 27, 10:ingentesque locat Caesonia Rhenos,
Pers. 6, 47.—Locare se or locare operam suam, to hire one's self out, hire out one's services:d.quid si aliquo ad ludos me pro manduco locem,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 51:operam suam ad aliquam rem,
id. Trin. 4, 2, 1; Gell. 3, 3, 14:vocem,
i. e. to become a ranter, Juv. 8, 185:locare noctes, of courtesans,
Ov. Am. 1, 10, 30.—To lend:e.ornamenta quae locavi metuo ut possim recipere,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 3.—To quarter, establish in quarters:3.cohortes novis hibernaculis,
Tac. A. 14, 38.—Of money, to invest, place:4.nec quicquam argenti locavi jam diu usquam aeque bene?
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 144.—To put or lend out money on interest:II.locare argenti nemini nummum queo,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 4. —Hence, locare se, to bring in interest, to yield:disciplina (histrionis) quae erat (Panurgo) ab hoc (Roscio) tradita, locabat se non minus HS CCCICCC,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 10, 28.—Trop.A.In gen., to place, put, set, lay, fix:B.metuo hercle ne illa mulier mi insidias locet,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 17:num tu pudicae quoipiam insidias locas?
id. Curc. 1, 1, 25:vitam in tam clara luce locavit,
Lucr. 5, 12:inter recte factum atque peccatum media locabat quaedam,
Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37:aliquem in amplissimo gradu dignitatis,
id. Mur. 14, 30:civitas in Catonis et Bruti fide locata,
id. Att. 6, 1, 5:omnia mea studia in Milonis magistratu fixi et locavi,
id. Fam. 2, 6, 3:eo loco locati sumus, ut, etc.,
id. Lael. 12, 40:vos hortor, ut ita virtutem locetis, ut eā exceptā nihil amicitiā praestabilius esse putetis,
id. ib. 27, 104:res certis in personis ac temporibus locata,
id. de Or. 1, 31, 138:prudentia est locata in delectu bonorum et malorum,
consists in, id. Off. 3, 17, 71:beneficium apud gratos,
to confer upon, Liv. 7, 20.—(Acc. to I. B. 2. c.) To put out, as at interest; to place so as to secure a return: optumo optume optumam operam das;C.datam pulcre locas,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 122:beneficia apud gratos,
Liv. 7, 20, 5: benefacta male locata male facta arbitror, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 2, 18, 62 (Trag. v. 429 Vahl.).—Locare nomen, to become surety, Phaedr. 1, 16, 1.—Hence, P. a.: lŏcātus, a, um, only as subst.: lŏcātum, i, n., that which is placed on lease, hired out, Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 74. -
15 locatus
lŏco, āvi, ātum, 1 (old forms, locassim for locaverim, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 51; so,I.locassint,
Cic. Leg. 3, 4, 11), v. a. [locus], to place, put, lay, set, dispose, arrange.Lit.A.In gen.:B.equites pro cornibus,
Quint. 2, 13, 3:crates adversas locari jubet,
Caes. B. C. 3, 46:milites super vallum in munimentis,
Sall. J. 100:cum sol ita locatus fuisset, ut, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 15, 23:fundamenta (urbis),
Verg. A. 4, 266; cf. id. ib. 1, 428:gramineoque viros locat ipse sedili,
id. ib. 8, 176:vicos,
Tac. G. 16:stipendium et commeatum,
Sall. J. 90.—In partic.1.Locare puellam in matrimonium or in matrimonio, nuptiis, nuptum, or simply locare, to give a girl in marriage, to marry her to any one: cur me huic locabas nuptiis? Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38 (Trag. v. 157 Vahl.):2.virginem habeo grandem, neque eam queo locare quoiquam,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 15:in matrimonium,
id. Trin. 3, 3, 52:aliquam in luculentam familiam,
id. Cist. 3, 2, 18:nuptum virginem adulescenti,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 25.—To let, lease, to hire or farm out (opp. conduco):b.vectigalia,
Cic. Agr. 1, 3, 7:portorium,
id. Inv. 1, 30, 47:agrum frumento,
Liv. 27, 3:praedia non nummo sed partibus,
Plin. Ep. 9, 37, 3:tabernas civitatibus ad stationem,
Suet. Ner. 37.—To give out on contract, to contract for having a thing done:c.tu idem optimum est Loces efferendum: nam jam credo mortuus est,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 30:impero, ut tu me quoivis castrandum loces,
id. ib. 2, 2, 73:ut quod sit sibi operis locatum ecficeret,
id. As. 2, 4, 37:ego operam meam tribus nummis hodie locavi ad artis naugatorias,
id. Trin. 4, 2, 2:statuam faciendam,
Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 16:funera,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 120:majore pecuniā columnas dealbandas, quam, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 1, 59, §154: statuas demoliendas,
id. ib. 2, 2, 67, § 161: auseribus cibaria publice locantur (sc. praebenda), [p. 1074] id. Rosc. Am. 20, 56:Junoni templum (sc. exstruendum),
Liv. 5, 23:vestimenta exercitui (sc. facienda),
id. 27, 10:ingentesque locat Caesonia Rhenos,
Pers. 6, 47.—Locare se or locare operam suam, to hire one's self out, hire out one's services:d.quid si aliquo ad ludos me pro manduco locem,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 51:operam suam ad aliquam rem,
id. Trin. 4, 2, 1; Gell. 3, 3, 14:vocem,
i. e. to become a ranter, Juv. 8, 185:locare noctes, of courtesans,
Ov. Am. 1, 10, 30.—To lend:e.ornamenta quae locavi metuo ut possim recipere,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 3.—To quarter, establish in quarters:3.cohortes novis hibernaculis,
Tac. A. 14, 38.—Of money, to invest, place:4.nec quicquam argenti locavi jam diu usquam aeque bene?
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 144.—To put or lend out money on interest:II.locare argenti nemini nummum queo,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 4. —Hence, locare se, to bring in interest, to yield:disciplina (histrionis) quae erat (Panurgo) ab hoc (Roscio) tradita, locabat se non minus HS CCCICCC,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 10, 28.—Trop.A.In gen., to place, put, set, lay, fix:B.metuo hercle ne illa mulier mi insidias locet,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 17:num tu pudicae quoipiam insidias locas?
id. Curc. 1, 1, 25:vitam in tam clara luce locavit,
Lucr. 5, 12:inter recte factum atque peccatum media locabat quaedam,
Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37:aliquem in amplissimo gradu dignitatis,
id. Mur. 14, 30:civitas in Catonis et Bruti fide locata,
id. Att. 6, 1, 5:omnia mea studia in Milonis magistratu fixi et locavi,
id. Fam. 2, 6, 3:eo loco locati sumus, ut, etc.,
id. Lael. 12, 40:vos hortor, ut ita virtutem locetis, ut eā exceptā nihil amicitiā praestabilius esse putetis,
id. ib. 27, 104:res certis in personis ac temporibus locata,
id. de Or. 1, 31, 138:prudentia est locata in delectu bonorum et malorum,
consists in, id. Off. 3, 17, 71:beneficium apud gratos,
to confer upon, Liv. 7, 20.—(Acc. to I. B. 2. c.) To put out, as at interest; to place so as to secure a return: optumo optume optumam operam das;C.datam pulcre locas,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 122:beneficia apud gratos,
Liv. 7, 20, 5: benefacta male locata male facta arbitror, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 2, 18, 62 (Trag. v. 429 Vahl.).—Locare nomen, to become surety, Phaedr. 1, 16, 1.—Hence, P. a.: lŏcātus, a, um, only as subst.: lŏcātum, i, n., that which is placed on lease, hired out, Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 74. -
16 loco
lŏco, āvi, ātum, 1 (old forms, locassim for locaverim, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 51; so,I.locassint,
Cic. Leg. 3, 4, 11), v. a. [locus], to place, put, lay, set, dispose, arrange.Lit.A.In gen.:B.equites pro cornibus,
Quint. 2, 13, 3:crates adversas locari jubet,
Caes. B. C. 3, 46:milites super vallum in munimentis,
Sall. J. 100:cum sol ita locatus fuisset, ut, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 15, 23:fundamenta (urbis),
Verg. A. 4, 266; cf. id. ib. 1, 428:gramineoque viros locat ipse sedili,
id. ib. 8, 176:vicos,
Tac. G. 16:stipendium et commeatum,
Sall. J. 90.—In partic.1.Locare puellam in matrimonium or in matrimonio, nuptiis, nuptum, or simply locare, to give a girl in marriage, to marry her to any one: cur me huic locabas nuptiis? Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38 (Trag. v. 157 Vahl.):2.virginem habeo grandem, neque eam queo locare quoiquam,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 15:in matrimonium,
id. Trin. 3, 3, 52:aliquam in luculentam familiam,
id. Cist. 3, 2, 18:nuptum virginem adulescenti,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 25.—To let, lease, to hire or farm out (opp. conduco):b.vectigalia,
Cic. Agr. 1, 3, 7:portorium,
id. Inv. 1, 30, 47:agrum frumento,
Liv. 27, 3:praedia non nummo sed partibus,
Plin. Ep. 9, 37, 3:tabernas civitatibus ad stationem,
Suet. Ner. 37.—To give out on contract, to contract for having a thing done:c.tu idem optimum est Loces efferendum: nam jam credo mortuus est,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 30:impero, ut tu me quoivis castrandum loces,
id. ib. 2, 2, 73:ut quod sit sibi operis locatum ecficeret,
id. As. 2, 4, 37:ego operam meam tribus nummis hodie locavi ad artis naugatorias,
id. Trin. 4, 2, 2:statuam faciendam,
Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 16:funera,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 120:majore pecuniā columnas dealbandas, quam, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 1, 59, §154: statuas demoliendas,
id. ib. 2, 2, 67, § 161: auseribus cibaria publice locantur (sc. praebenda), [p. 1074] id. Rosc. Am. 20, 56:Junoni templum (sc. exstruendum),
Liv. 5, 23:vestimenta exercitui (sc. facienda),
id. 27, 10:ingentesque locat Caesonia Rhenos,
Pers. 6, 47.—Locare se or locare operam suam, to hire one's self out, hire out one's services:d.quid si aliquo ad ludos me pro manduco locem,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 51:operam suam ad aliquam rem,
id. Trin. 4, 2, 1; Gell. 3, 3, 14:vocem,
i. e. to become a ranter, Juv. 8, 185:locare noctes, of courtesans,
Ov. Am. 1, 10, 30.—To lend:e.ornamenta quae locavi metuo ut possim recipere,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 3.—To quarter, establish in quarters:3.cohortes novis hibernaculis,
Tac. A. 14, 38.—Of money, to invest, place:4.nec quicquam argenti locavi jam diu usquam aeque bene?
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 144.—To put or lend out money on interest:II.locare argenti nemini nummum queo,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 4. —Hence, locare se, to bring in interest, to yield:disciplina (histrionis) quae erat (Panurgo) ab hoc (Roscio) tradita, locabat se non minus HS CCCICCC,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 10, 28.—Trop.A.In gen., to place, put, set, lay, fix:B.metuo hercle ne illa mulier mi insidias locet,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 17:num tu pudicae quoipiam insidias locas?
id. Curc. 1, 1, 25:vitam in tam clara luce locavit,
Lucr. 5, 12:inter recte factum atque peccatum media locabat quaedam,
Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37:aliquem in amplissimo gradu dignitatis,
id. Mur. 14, 30:civitas in Catonis et Bruti fide locata,
id. Att. 6, 1, 5:omnia mea studia in Milonis magistratu fixi et locavi,
id. Fam. 2, 6, 3:eo loco locati sumus, ut, etc.,
id. Lael. 12, 40:vos hortor, ut ita virtutem locetis, ut eā exceptā nihil amicitiā praestabilius esse putetis,
id. ib. 27, 104:res certis in personis ac temporibus locata,
id. de Or. 1, 31, 138:prudentia est locata in delectu bonorum et malorum,
consists in, id. Off. 3, 17, 71:beneficium apud gratos,
to confer upon, Liv. 7, 20.—(Acc. to I. B. 2. c.) To put out, as at interest; to place so as to secure a return: optumo optume optumam operam das;C.datam pulcre locas,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 122:beneficia apud gratos,
Liv. 7, 20, 5: benefacta male locata male facta arbitror, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 2, 18, 62 (Trag. v. 429 Vahl.).—Locare nomen, to become surety, Phaedr. 1, 16, 1.—Hence, P. a.: lŏcātus, a, um, only as subst.: lŏcātum, i, n., that which is placed on lease, hired out, Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 74. -
17 praeparo
prae-păro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to get or make ready beforehand, to prepare, equip, make preparations for, etc. (class.; cf.: paro, apparo).I.Lit.:II.ea quae videntur instare,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 22:praeparaverat ante naves,
Liv. 30, 20, 5:commeatum,
id. 7, 12:frumentum in decem annos,
id. 42, 12:locum domestici belli causā,
Caes. B. G. 5, 9: se et suos milites ad proelia, Sall. Fragm. ap. Veg. Mil. 1, 9:praeparato ad talem casum perfugio,
Liv. 24, 2, 11:praeparatis jam omnibus ad fugam,
id. 33, 47, 10; 26, 19, 5; 35, 17, 1; 40, 15, 13; Quint. 2, 4, 28:praeparat se pugnae,
prepares himself for the combat, Plin. 8, 20, 29, § 71:exercitum majori operi,
Vell. 2, 109, 2:puppes,
Luc. 3, 16:arva frumentis,
Col. 2, 16:pecunia stipendio militum praeparata,
Curt. 3, 13, 10:profectionem,
to make preparations for one's departure, Suet. Tib. 38:necem fratri,
Tac. A. 11, 8:res necessarias ad vitam degendam,
to provide, Cic. Off. 1, 4, 11:cibos hiemi,
Plin. 8, 37, 56, § 133:anchusae radix praeparat lanas pretiosis coloribus,
prepares, id. 22, 20, 23, § 48; 24, 11, 58, § 96; 29, 6, 34, § 107:potum cantharidum,
id. 29, 4, 30, § 93:ova,
to prepare for eating, to cook, dress, Mart. 1, 56, 12:qui sibi praeparabat imperium,
was aiming at, aspiring to, Spart. Hadr. 22.—Trop.: animos ad sapientiam concipiendam, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 12, 23; id. Tusc. 2, 5, 13:gratiam adversus publicum odium,
Tac. H. 1, 72:excusationem,
Petr. 139:aditum nefariae spei,
Curt. 5, 9, 5; 4, 9, 13.—Hence, praepărātus, a, um, P. a., prepared, provided with any thing (class.):praeparatos quodam cultu atque victu proficisci ad dormiendum,
Cic. Div. 2, 58, 119:praeparato animo se tradere quieti,
id. ib. 1, 53, 121:bene praeparatum Pectus,
Hor. C. 2, 10, 14:praeparatis auribus,
Cic. Or 28, 99.— Hence, adv.: praepărātō or ex prae-părātō, with preparation:quam nihil praeparato, nihil festinato fecisse videtur Milo!
Quint. 4, 2, 1:ex ante praeparato,
Liv. 10, 41:non enim ex praeparato locutus est, sed subito deprehensus,
Sen. Ep. 11, 1. -
18 rapio
răpĭo, pŭi, ptum, 3 (old perf. subj. rapsit, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; part. perf. fem. ex raptabus, Gell. ap. Charis. p. 39 P.), v. a. [root harp; Gr. harpê, a bird of prey, harpagê, harpazô; Lat. rapidus, rapax, rapina, etc.; cf. Sanscr. lup-, lumpāmi, rumpo; Gr. lupê], to seize and carry off, to snatch, tear, drag, draw, or hurry away, = violenter sive celeriter capio (freq. and class.; in Cæs. not at all, and in Cic. mostly in the trop. signif.; cf.: ago, fero, traho, capio, sumo).I.Lit.A.In gen., Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 15; 30; 31:B.quo rapitis me? quo fertis me?
id. Men. 5, 7, 10; cf. Verg. A. 6, 845; Ov. M. 9, 121:quo me cunque rapit tempestas?
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 15; cf. id. C. 3, 25, 1:sumasne pudenter an rapias,
snatch, id. Ep. 1, 17, 45; cf. id. S. 1, 5, 76:hostes vivos rapere soleo ex acie: ex hoc nomen mihi est (sc. Harpax),
Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 60:te ex lustris uxor,
id. As. 5, 2, 84:volucri spe et cogitatione rapi a domo,
Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 7:ab aede rapuit funale,
Ov. M. 12, 247:torrem ab aris,
id. ib. 12, 271:deque sinu matris ridentem... Learchum... rapit,
id. ib. 4, 516 (for which, simply sinu, id. ib. 13, 450):hastam, de vulnere,
id. ib. 5, 137:telum,
Verg. A. 10, 486:repagula de posti,
Ov. M. 5, 120:(frondes) altā rapit arbore ventus,
id. ib. 3, 730:vi atque ingratis... rapiam te domum,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 40:aliquem sublimem domum,
id. As. 5, 2, 18; cf.:sublimem,
id. Mil. 5, 1; id. Men. 5, 7, 6; Ter. And. 5, 2, 20:commeatum in naves rapiunt,
Liv. 41, 3:aliquem in jus,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 21; so,in jus,
id. Poen. 5, 5, 56; Hor. S. 1, 9, 77; 2, 3, 72; cf.:in jus ad regem,
Liv. 1, 26:in carcerem,
Suet. Tib. 11; 61:aliquem ad cornuficem,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 156; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 37:ad praetorem,
id. Aul. 4, 10, 30:ad supplicium ob facinus,
Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 238:ad mortem,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 52, § 138; id. Cat. 1, 10, 27:ad tortorem,
id. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:ad poenam,
Suet. Claud. 10; 37; id. Vit. 14:ad consulem,
Liv. 10, 20:matres, virgines, pueros ad stuprum,
id. 26, 13:teneram virginem ad virum,
Cat. 61, 3 (cf.:rapi simulatur virgo ex gremio matris, aut, si ea non est, ex proximā necessitudine, cum ad virum traditur, quod videlicet ea res feliciter Romulo cessit,
Fest. p. 289 Müll.):illum (sc. lembum) in praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203:nec variis obsita frondibus Sub divum rapiam,
drag into open day, Hor. C. 1, 18, 13. — Poet.:Nasonis carmina rapti,
i. e. torn from his home, borne far away, Ov. P. 4, 16, 1; cf. id. H. 13, 9; Stat. S. 3, 5, 6. —With the idea of swiftness predominating:2.Turnus rapit Totam aciem in Teucros,
Verg. A. 10, 308:rapit agmina ductor,
Luc. 1, 228:agmina cursu,
Sil. 7, 116:legiones,
Plin. Pan. 14:curru rapi,
Sil. 1, 134:quattuor hinc rapimur raedis,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 86:Notus rapit biremes,
Sil. 17, 276:carinas venti rapuere,
Luc. 3, 46:rapit per aequora navem,
hurries it away, Verg. A. 10, 660; cf.:ventis per aequora,
Ov. M. 14, 470:missos currus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 114:pedes quo te rapiunt,
id. C. 3, 11, 49:arma rapiat juventus,
snatch up, Verg. A. 7, 340; so,arma,
Ov. M. 2, 603:arma manu,
Verg. A. 8, 220:bipennem dextrā,
id. ib. 11, 651:cingula,
id. ib. 9, 364.—With reflex. pron., to hasten, hurry, tear one ' s self, etc.:C.ocius hinc te Ni rapis,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 118; cf. Ov. Am. 3, 5, 29:se ad caedem optimi cujusque,
Cic. Phil. 13, 8, 18.—In partic.1.To carry off by force; to seize, rob, ravish; to plunder, ravage, lay waste, take by assault, carry by force, etc. (very freq.; cf.(α).praedor),
Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 11:erat ei vivendum latronum ritu, ut tantum haberet, quantum rapere potuisset,
Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 62:tamquam pilam rapiunt inter se rei publicae statum tyranm ab regibus,
id. Rep. 1, 44, 68:virgines rapi jussit... quae raptae erant, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 7, 12; 2, 8, 14; so,virgines,
to carry off, abduct, Sall. C. 51, 9; Liv. 1, 9; Quint. 7, 7, 3; 9, 2, 70; Hor. C. 2, 4, 8; Ov. M. 12, 225; id. A. A. 1, 680:raptus a dis Ganymedes,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:ab Idā,
Hor. C. 3, 20, 16:omne sacrum rapiente dextrā,
id. ib. 3, 3, 52:alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,
pillage and plunder, Verg. A. 2, 374 (the Homeric agousi kai pherousi; for which, in prose, ferre et agere; v. ago); cf.:rapturus moenia Romae,
Luc. 3, 99:Theumeson,
to seize by force, Stat. Th. 4, 370:Armeniam,
to plunder, lay waste, Tac. A. 13, 6:Karthaginem,
Sil. 15, 401:urbem,
Stat. Th. 7, 599:raptas ad litora vertere praedas,
Verg. A. 1, 528.— Absol.:rapio propalam,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 10:ut Spartae, rapere ubi pueri et clepere discunt,
Cic. Rep. 4, 5, 11 (Non. 20, 14):agunt, rapiunt, tenent,
id. Rep. 3, 33, 45 Mos.; cf.along with trahere,
Sall. C. 11, 4; id. J. 41, 5;with congerere, auferre,
Mart. 8, 44, 9.— With the idea of rapidity predominating: castra urbesque primo impetu rapere, to conquer rapidly (= raptim capere), Liv. 6, 23, 5 Drak.; so,castra,
Flor. 3, 20, 4; 4, 12, 34:Bithyniam,
id. 3, 5, 6:Hispaniam,
id. 2, 17, 6:arces,
Luc. 6, 14.— Part. perf. subst.rapta, ae, f., the ravished one, the seduced:(β).gratus raptae raptor fuit,
Ov. A. A. 1, 680; id. H. 5, 97; 13, 55; 16, 339; id. F. 4, 607.—raptum, i, n., the plunder, that which is stolen:2.rapto vivere,
to live by robbery, Liv. 7, 25 fin.; 22, 39; 28, 24: Quint. 3, 7, 24; Sen. Ep. 70 fin.; Curt. 3, 10 fin.; Just. 41, 4, 7; Verg. A. 7, 749; Ov. M. 11, 291; id. Tr. 5, 10, 16;for which: ex rapto vivere,
id. M. 1, 144; so,rapto gaudere,
Liv. 29, 6, 3 Drak.:rapto potiri,
Verg. A. 4, 217:rapto uti,
Vell. 2, 73, 3:sine rapto vivere,
id. 2, 32 fin. —To cut off, mutilate ( poet.):3.caput,
Sil. 15, 807:ora gladio,
id. 7, 704:rapuit non dente ferarum,
Luc. 10, 517.—To carry off suddenly or prematurely by death, to snatch away ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):II.improvisa leti Vis rapuit rapietque gentes,
Hor. C. 2, 13, 20; so id. ib. 2, 17, 5; 4, 2, 21; id. Ep. 1, 14, 7; Verg. A. 6, 428; Ov. P. 4, 11, 5; Stat. S. 2, 1, 208; 5, 3, 16; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 46; Suet. Calig. 7; Just. 2, 2, 13 (but Liv. 3, 50, 8: fato erepta, v. Drak.)— Absol.:et labor et durae rapit inclementia mortis,
i. e. hurries on, Verg. G. 3, 68:RAPTA EST = obiit,
Inscr. Orell. 4475.Transf. ( poet.), of any action or motion which resembles seizing, snatching, etc.:III.flammanm,
to catch quickly, Verg. A. 1, 176; Ov. M. 3, 374; cf.:incendia,
id. ib. 15, 350: nigrum colorem, to take or assume quickly, id. ib. 7, 289; cf.:vim monstri,
id. ib. 4, 744;and v. III.: Halesus Turno feroces Mille rapit populos,
leads hastily on, Verg. A. 7, 725; cf. id. ib. 10, 178: rapiuntque ruuntque; Litora deseruere, take hold, seize in haste (the cables, etc.), id. ib. 4, 581; cf.:scalas, Auct. B. Alex. 20, 4.—Of the gliding movement of a serpent nec rapit immensos orbes per humum,
sweeps along, Verg. G. 2, 153:pars densa ferarum Tecta rapit,
i. e. range quickly through, Verg. A. 6, 8 Heyne; cf.:acrior et campum sonipes rapit,
Stat. Th. 5, 3.Trop.A.In gen., to snatch, force, or hurry away:B.fertur quasi torrens oratio, quamvis multa cujusquemodi rapiat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 1, 3:ipsae res verba rapiunt,
carry along with them, id. ib. 3, 5, 19: aspice me quanto rapiat Fortuna periclo, carries away (the figure taken from a storm at sea), Prop. 1, 15, 3:aliquem in deteriorem viam,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 54; cf.:(comoediam) in pejorem partem,
i. e. to put a bad construction upon, to misconstrue, misrepresent, Ter. Ad. prol. 3: consilium meum in contrariam partem, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 2:aliquem in invidiam,
Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 7:opinionibus vulgi rapimur in errorem,
id. Leg. 2, 17, 43:si quis in adversum rapiat casusve deusve,
Verg. A. 9, 211; Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:cum aliqua his ampla et honesta res objecta est, totos ad se convertit et rapit,
seizes upon, appropriates, id. Off. 2, 10, 37; cf.:commoda ad se,
id. ib. 3, 5, 22:victoriae gloriam in se,
Liv. 33, 11 fin.:almum Quae rapit hora diem,
snatches away, Hor. C. 4, 7, 8; cf.:simul tecum solatia rapta,
Verg. E. 9, 18:impetus rapit huc, rapit illuc,
Stat. Th. 12, 794.—In partic.1.To carry along or away with passion, to transport, ravish, captivate; and with a designation of the limit, to carry or hurry away, to attract strongly to any thing (usually in a bad sense):2.impetu raptus,
Quint. 7, 2, 44:judicem rapere,
id. 6, 2, 3; cf. id. 10, 1, 110; 12, 10, 61:praedae ac rapinarum cupiditas caeca te rapiebat,
Cic. Pis. 24, 57:amentiā rapi,
id. Fam. 16, 12, 2:furorne caecus, an rapit vis acrior, An culpa?
Hor. Epod. 7, 13; cf.:in medias res auditorem,
id. A. P. 149:utraque forma rapit,
Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 44:quem (sc. leonem) cruenta Per medias rapit ira caedes,
Hor. C. 3, 2, 12:rapit omnes ira,
Sil. 14, 299: hormê, quae hominem huc et illuc rapit, Cic. Off. 1, 28 fin.; cf. Verg. A. 4, 286; 8, 21:ad quas (res) plerique inflammati aviditate rapiuntur,
Cic. Off. 2, 11, 38:animus cupidine caecus ad inceptum scelus rapiebat,
Sall. J. 25, 7:ea (cupiditas) ad oppugnandam Capuam rapit,
Liv. 7, 30 et saep.—In a good sense:qui ad divinarum rerum cognitionem curā omni studioque rapiantur,
Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111:rapi ad opes augendas generis humani,
id. Rep. 1, 2, 3. — Poet., with inf. (for ad aliquid):(mundus) rapit aetherios per carmina pandere census,
Manil. 1, 12.—To seize by violence, to snatch, steal ( poet.): Hippodameam raptis nactu'st nuptiis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26 (Trag. v. 398 Vahl.):3.oscula,
Hor. C. 2, 12, 28; Tib. 1, 4, 53; 55; [p. 1524] 1, 8, 58; cf.:Venerem incertam,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 109; cf.:sed rapiat sitiens Venerem,
but may eagerly seize upon, Verg. G. 3, 137:illicitas voluptates,
Tac. H. 3, 41:spem adoptionis acrius in dies,
id. ib. 1, 13 fin.:quo facinore dominationem raptum ierit expediam,
id. A. 4, 1; cf. id. H. 2, 6.—With the idea of rapidity or haste predominating, to snatch, seize, or lay hold of quickly, to hasten, precipitate ( poet.; in prose only since the Aug. per.): vive, Ulixes, dum licet: Oculis postremum lumen radiatum rape: non dixit cape, non pete; haberet enim moram sperantis diutius sese victurum;4.sed rape,
Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 162 (from an old poet.):rapiamus, amici, Occasionem de die,
Hor. Epod. 13, 3; so,occasionem,
Juv. 15, 39:viam,
to hasten, Ov. H. 19, 74 Loers; cf.iter,
Sil. 12, 471:gressus,
Luc. 3, 116:cursus,
id. 5, 403:letum,
id. 4, 345:bellum,
to wage suddenly, id. 5, 403:nefas,
to hasten, precipitate, id. 10, 428:ut limis rapias, quid prima secundo Cera velit versu,
may hastily note, Hor. S. 2, 5, 53 al. —In prose:raptae prope inter arma nuptiae,
Liv. 30, 14, 2 Drak.:repente impetu facto transitum rapuit,
Front. Strat. 1, 4, 8:inter rapienda momenta periculorum communium,
Amm. 18, 7, 7 et saep.—In late Lat., to strive for in purchasing:exemplaria litterarum certatim,
Hier. Ep. 57, 2:librum totā certatim urbe,
Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 23. -
19 rapta
răpĭo, pŭi, ptum, 3 (old perf. subj. rapsit, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; part. perf. fem. ex raptabus, Gell. ap. Charis. p. 39 P.), v. a. [root harp; Gr. harpê, a bird of prey, harpagê, harpazô; Lat. rapidus, rapax, rapina, etc.; cf. Sanscr. lup-, lumpāmi, rumpo; Gr. lupê], to seize and carry off, to snatch, tear, drag, draw, or hurry away, = violenter sive celeriter capio (freq. and class.; in Cæs. not at all, and in Cic. mostly in the trop. signif.; cf.: ago, fero, traho, capio, sumo).I.Lit.A.In gen., Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 15; 30; 31:B.quo rapitis me? quo fertis me?
id. Men. 5, 7, 10; cf. Verg. A. 6, 845; Ov. M. 9, 121:quo me cunque rapit tempestas?
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 15; cf. id. C. 3, 25, 1:sumasne pudenter an rapias,
snatch, id. Ep. 1, 17, 45; cf. id. S. 1, 5, 76:hostes vivos rapere soleo ex acie: ex hoc nomen mihi est (sc. Harpax),
Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 60:te ex lustris uxor,
id. As. 5, 2, 84:volucri spe et cogitatione rapi a domo,
Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 7:ab aede rapuit funale,
Ov. M. 12, 247:torrem ab aris,
id. ib. 12, 271:deque sinu matris ridentem... Learchum... rapit,
id. ib. 4, 516 (for which, simply sinu, id. ib. 13, 450):hastam, de vulnere,
id. ib. 5, 137:telum,
Verg. A. 10, 486:repagula de posti,
Ov. M. 5, 120:(frondes) altā rapit arbore ventus,
id. ib. 3, 730:vi atque ingratis... rapiam te domum,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 40:aliquem sublimem domum,
id. As. 5, 2, 18; cf.:sublimem,
id. Mil. 5, 1; id. Men. 5, 7, 6; Ter. And. 5, 2, 20:commeatum in naves rapiunt,
Liv. 41, 3:aliquem in jus,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 21; so,in jus,
id. Poen. 5, 5, 56; Hor. S. 1, 9, 77; 2, 3, 72; cf.:in jus ad regem,
Liv. 1, 26:in carcerem,
Suet. Tib. 11; 61:aliquem ad cornuficem,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 156; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 37:ad praetorem,
id. Aul. 4, 10, 30:ad supplicium ob facinus,
Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 238:ad mortem,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 52, § 138; id. Cat. 1, 10, 27:ad tortorem,
id. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:ad poenam,
Suet. Claud. 10; 37; id. Vit. 14:ad consulem,
Liv. 10, 20:matres, virgines, pueros ad stuprum,
id. 26, 13:teneram virginem ad virum,
Cat. 61, 3 (cf.:rapi simulatur virgo ex gremio matris, aut, si ea non est, ex proximā necessitudine, cum ad virum traditur, quod videlicet ea res feliciter Romulo cessit,
Fest. p. 289 Müll.):illum (sc. lembum) in praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203:nec variis obsita frondibus Sub divum rapiam,
drag into open day, Hor. C. 1, 18, 13. — Poet.:Nasonis carmina rapti,
i. e. torn from his home, borne far away, Ov. P. 4, 16, 1; cf. id. H. 13, 9; Stat. S. 3, 5, 6. —With the idea of swiftness predominating:2.Turnus rapit Totam aciem in Teucros,
Verg. A. 10, 308:rapit agmina ductor,
Luc. 1, 228:agmina cursu,
Sil. 7, 116:legiones,
Plin. Pan. 14:curru rapi,
Sil. 1, 134:quattuor hinc rapimur raedis,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 86:Notus rapit biremes,
Sil. 17, 276:carinas venti rapuere,
Luc. 3, 46:rapit per aequora navem,
hurries it away, Verg. A. 10, 660; cf.:ventis per aequora,
Ov. M. 14, 470:missos currus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 114:pedes quo te rapiunt,
id. C. 3, 11, 49:arma rapiat juventus,
snatch up, Verg. A. 7, 340; so,arma,
Ov. M. 2, 603:arma manu,
Verg. A. 8, 220:bipennem dextrā,
id. ib. 11, 651:cingula,
id. ib. 9, 364.—With reflex. pron., to hasten, hurry, tear one ' s self, etc.:C.ocius hinc te Ni rapis,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 118; cf. Ov. Am. 3, 5, 29:se ad caedem optimi cujusque,
Cic. Phil. 13, 8, 18.—In partic.1.To carry off by force; to seize, rob, ravish; to plunder, ravage, lay waste, take by assault, carry by force, etc. (very freq.; cf.(α).praedor),
Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 11:erat ei vivendum latronum ritu, ut tantum haberet, quantum rapere potuisset,
Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 62:tamquam pilam rapiunt inter se rei publicae statum tyranm ab regibus,
id. Rep. 1, 44, 68:virgines rapi jussit... quae raptae erant, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 7, 12; 2, 8, 14; so,virgines,
to carry off, abduct, Sall. C. 51, 9; Liv. 1, 9; Quint. 7, 7, 3; 9, 2, 70; Hor. C. 2, 4, 8; Ov. M. 12, 225; id. A. A. 1, 680:raptus a dis Ganymedes,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:ab Idā,
Hor. C. 3, 20, 16:omne sacrum rapiente dextrā,
id. ib. 3, 3, 52:alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,
pillage and plunder, Verg. A. 2, 374 (the Homeric agousi kai pherousi; for which, in prose, ferre et agere; v. ago); cf.:rapturus moenia Romae,
Luc. 3, 99:Theumeson,
to seize by force, Stat. Th. 4, 370:Armeniam,
to plunder, lay waste, Tac. A. 13, 6:Karthaginem,
Sil. 15, 401:urbem,
Stat. Th. 7, 599:raptas ad litora vertere praedas,
Verg. A. 1, 528.— Absol.:rapio propalam,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 10:ut Spartae, rapere ubi pueri et clepere discunt,
Cic. Rep. 4, 5, 11 (Non. 20, 14):agunt, rapiunt, tenent,
id. Rep. 3, 33, 45 Mos.; cf.along with trahere,
Sall. C. 11, 4; id. J. 41, 5;with congerere, auferre,
Mart. 8, 44, 9.— With the idea of rapidity predominating: castra urbesque primo impetu rapere, to conquer rapidly (= raptim capere), Liv. 6, 23, 5 Drak.; so,castra,
Flor. 3, 20, 4; 4, 12, 34:Bithyniam,
id. 3, 5, 6:Hispaniam,
id. 2, 17, 6:arces,
Luc. 6, 14.— Part. perf. subst.rapta, ae, f., the ravished one, the seduced:(β).gratus raptae raptor fuit,
Ov. A. A. 1, 680; id. H. 5, 97; 13, 55; 16, 339; id. F. 4, 607.—raptum, i, n., the plunder, that which is stolen:2.rapto vivere,
to live by robbery, Liv. 7, 25 fin.; 22, 39; 28, 24: Quint. 3, 7, 24; Sen. Ep. 70 fin.; Curt. 3, 10 fin.; Just. 41, 4, 7; Verg. A. 7, 749; Ov. M. 11, 291; id. Tr. 5, 10, 16;for which: ex rapto vivere,
id. M. 1, 144; so,rapto gaudere,
Liv. 29, 6, 3 Drak.:rapto potiri,
Verg. A. 4, 217:rapto uti,
Vell. 2, 73, 3:sine rapto vivere,
id. 2, 32 fin. —To cut off, mutilate ( poet.):3.caput,
Sil. 15, 807:ora gladio,
id. 7, 704:rapuit non dente ferarum,
Luc. 10, 517.—To carry off suddenly or prematurely by death, to snatch away ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):II.improvisa leti Vis rapuit rapietque gentes,
Hor. C. 2, 13, 20; so id. ib. 2, 17, 5; 4, 2, 21; id. Ep. 1, 14, 7; Verg. A. 6, 428; Ov. P. 4, 11, 5; Stat. S. 2, 1, 208; 5, 3, 16; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 46; Suet. Calig. 7; Just. 2, 2, 13 (but Liv. 3, 50, 8: fato erepta, v. Drak.)— Absol.:et labor et durae rapit inclementia mortis,
i. e. hurries on, Verg. G. 3, 68:RAPTA EST = obiit,
Inscr. Orell. 4475.Transf. ( poet.), of any action or motion which resembles seizing, snatching, etc.:III.flammanm,
to catch quickly, Verg. A. 1, 176; Ov. M. 3, 374; cf.:incendia,
id. ib. 15, 350: nigrum colorem, to take or assume quickly, id. ib. 7, 289; cf.:vim monstri,
id. ib. 4, 744;and v. III.: Halesus Turno feroces Mille rapit populos,
leads hastily on, Verg. A. 7, 725; cf. id. ib. 10, 178: rapiuntque ruuntque; Litora deseruere, take hold, seize in haste (the cables, etc.), id. ib. 4, 581; cf.:scalas, Auct. B. Alex. 20, 4.—Of the gliding movement of a serpent nec rapit immensos orbes per humum,
sweeps along, Verg. G. 2, 153:pars densa ferarum Tecta rapit,
i. e. range quickly through, Verg. A. 6, 8 Heyne; cf.:acrior et campum sonipes rapit,
Stat. Th. 5, 3.Trop.A.In gen., to snatch, force, or hurry away:B.fertur quasi torrens oratio, quamvis multa cujusquemodi rapiat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 1, 3:ipsae res verba rapiunt,
carry along with them, id. ib. 3, 5, 19: aspice me quanto rapiat Fortuna periclo, carries away (the figure taken from a storm at sea), Prop. 1, 15, 3:aliquem in deteriorem viam,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 54; cf.:(comoediam) in pejorem partem,
i. e. to put a bad construction upon, to misconstrue, misrepresent, Ter. Ad. prol. 3: consilium meum in contrariam partem, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 2:aliquem in invidiam,
Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 7:opinionibus vulgi rapimur in errorem,
id. Leg. 2, 17, 43:si quis in adversum rapiat casusve deusve,
Verg. A. 9, 211; Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:cum aliqua his ampla et honesta res objecta est, totos ad se convertit et rapit,
seizes upon, appropriates, id. Off. 2, 10, 37; cf.:commoda ad se,
id. ib. 3, 5, 22:victoriae gloriam in se,
Liv. 33, 11 fin.:almum Quae rapit hora diem,
snatches away, Hor. C. 4, 7, 8; cf.:simul tecum solatia rapta,
Verg. E. 9, 18:impetus rapit huc, rapit illuc,
Stat. Th. 12, 794.—In partic.1.To carry along or away with passion, to transport, ravish, captivate; and with a designation of the limit, to carry or hurry away, to attract strongly to any thing (usually in a bad sense):2.impetu raptus,
Quint. 7, 2, 44:judicem rapere,
id. 6, 2, 3; cf. id. 10, 1, 110; 12, 10, 61:praedae ac rapinarum cupiditas caeca te rapiebat,
Cic. Pis. 24, 57:amentiā rapi,
id. Fam. 16, 12, 2:furorne caecus, an rapit vis acrior, An culpa?
Hor. Epod. 7, 13; cf.:in medias res auditorem,
id. A. P. 149:utraque forma rapit,
Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 44:quem (sc. leonem) cruenta Per medias rapit ira caedes,
Hor. C. 3, 2, 12:rapit omnes ira,
Sil. 14, 299: hormê, quae hominem huc et illuc rapit, Cic. Off. 1, 28 fin.; cf. Verg. A. 4, 286; 8, 21:ad quas (res) plerique inflammati aviditate rapiuntur,
Cic. Off. 2, 11, 38:animus cupidine caecus ad inceptum scelus rapiebat,
Sall. J. 25, 7:ea (cupiditas) ad oppugnandam Capuam rapit,
Liv. 7, 30 et saep.—In a good sense:qui ad divinarum rerum cognitionem curā omni studioque rapiantur,
Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111:rapi ad opes augendas generis humani,
id. Rep. 1, 2, 3. — Poet., with inf. (for ad aliquid):(mundus) rapit aetherios per carmina pandere census,
Manil. 1, 12.—To seize by violence, to snatch, steal ( poet.): Hippodameam raptis nactu'st nuptiis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26 (Trag. v. 398 Vahl.):3.oscula,
Hor. C. 2, 12, 28; Tib. 1, 4, 53; 55; [p. 1524] 1, 8, 58; cf.:Venerem incertam,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 109; cf.:sed rapiat sitiens Venerem,
but may eagerly seize upon, Verg. G. 3, 137:illicitas voluptates,
Tac. H. 3, 41:spem adoptionis acrius in dies,
id. ib. 1, 13 fin.:quo facinore dominationem raptum ierit expediam,
id. A. 4, 1; cf. id. H. 2, 6.—With the idea of rapidity or haste predominating, to snatch, seize, or lay hold of quickly, to hasten, precipitate ( poet.; in prose only since the Aug. per.): vive, Ulixes, dum licet: Oculis postremum lumen radiatum rape: non dixit cape, non pete; haberet enim moram sperantis diutius sese victurum;4.sed rape,
Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 162 (from an old poet.):rapiamus, amici, Occasionem de die,
Hor. Epod. 13, 3; so,occasionem,
Juv. 15, 39:viam,
to hasten, Ov. H. 19, 74 Loers; cf.iter,
Sil. 12, 471:gressus,
Luc. 3, 116:cursus,
id. 5, 403:letum,
id. 4, 345:bellum,
to wage suddenly, id. 5, 403:nefas,
to hasten, precipitate, id. 10, 428:ut limis rapias, quid prima secundo Cera velit versu,
may hastily note, Hor. S. 2, 5, 53 al. —In prose:raptae prope inter arma nuptiae,
Liv. 30, 14, 2 Drak.:repente impetu facto transitum rapuit,
Front. Strat. 1, 4, 8:inter rapienda momenta periculorum communium,
Amm. 18, 7, 7 et saep.—In late Lat., to strive for in purchasing:exemplaria litterarum certatim,
Hier. Ep. 57, 2:librum totā certatim urbe,
Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 23. -
20 scopulus
scŏpŭlus, i, m., = skopelos, a projecting point of rock; a rock, cliff, crag, esp. a rock, shelf, ledge in the sea.I.Lit. (mostly poet.; not in Cic., but v. infra, II.; cf.:II.rupes, cautes), in the sea: ut pars (remigum) ad scopulos allisa interficeretur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 27 fin.; id. B. G. 3, 13; Poët. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 41, 166; Verg. G. 3, 261; id. A. 1, 145; 5, 270; Ov. M. 4, 524; 9, 592:frequentes,
Juv. 13, 246:vomentes aequor,
Luc. 6, 24:immanes,
Ov. M. 14, 182; cf.of a promontory,
Hor. C. 1, 3, 20; Ov. F. 4, 419:scopuli errantes, of the Symplegades,
Val. Fl. 3, 621; 4, 681.—On land:scopuli rupesque cavae,
Verg. G. 3, 253; id. A. 4, 445; 12, 531; Sil. 10, 263; Stat. Th. 7, 665; Val. Fl. 6, 632;of the cavern of Cacus,
Verg. A. 8, 192:scopulus Mavortis, of the Areopagus,
Ov. M. 6, 70:his inmobilior scopulis, of a man hard to move,
id. ib. 13, 801:scopulis surdior,
Hor. C. 3, 7, 21; cf.:ferrum et scopulos gestare in corde,
Ov. M. 7, 33:natus es e scopulis,
id. Tr. 3, 11, 3.—Trop., a rock, = a difficulty, danger, harm, evil, etc. (freq. in Cic.; also commended by him as a figure): cum neque Musarum scopulos quisquam superarat, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 19, 76 (Ann. v. 223 Vahl.):qui te ad scopulum e tranquillo inferat,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 8:Syrtim patrimonii scopulum libentius dixerim,
Cic. de Or. 3, 41, 163:nec tuas umquam rationes ad eos scopulos, appulisses, ad quos Sex. Titii afflictam navem et in quibus C. Deciani naufragium fortunarum videres,
id. Rab. Perd. 9, 25; id. de Or. 2, 37, 154; id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79:in scopulos vitae incidere,
id. Consol. Fragm. 2, p. 489 Orell.:(Piso et Gabinius) geminae voragines scopulique rei publicae,
id. Pis. 18, 41; cf. Flor. 4, 9, 1:(Pompeius) Ille tremor Ponti et piratarum scopulus, Petr. poët. 123, 240: commeatum publicum in scopulos annonae impingere,
Quint. Decl. 12, 22:cujus tribunal scopulus reorum dicebatur,
Val. Max. 3, 7, 9:e scopulo cadere,
to be ruined, Amm. 30, 5, 10.
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