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41 CBP
1) Общая лексика: Таможенно-пограничная служба США (U.S. Customs and Border Protection)2) Авиация: compressor bleed pressure3) Американизм: Customs And Border Protection4) Военный термин: contact burst preclusion, corps barrier plan5) Техника: condensate booster pump6) Сельское хозяйство: cerebral blood flow7) Математика: коррелированное двумерное пуассоновское (распределение)8) Юридический термин: US Customs and Border Protection9) Бухгалтерия: cash book - payments side10) Сокращение: Calmodulin Binding Peptide, Creb Binding Protein11) Вычислительная техника: change bus phases12) Биохимия: carboxypeptidase13) Деловая лексика: Changeable Business Preferences14) Контроль качества: correlated bivariate Poisson (distribution)15) Тенгизшевройл: РБУ, растворо-бетонный узел16) Чат: Consumed By Passion -
42 (г.) Койм-бра
Geography: Coimbra (Португалия) -
43 Коимбра
General subject: Coimbra -
44 гемоглобин Коимбра
Genetics: hemoglobin Coimbra (повышенное сродство к кислороду; замена аспарагина на глутаминовую кислоту в 99-м положении -цепи)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > гемоглобин Коимбра
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45 Койм-бра
Geography: (г.) Coimbra (Португалия) -
46 a
I pron1) её2) эта; таé a que está sentada — это та, которая сидит
II III (ao, à) prepminha irmã se chama Maria, a de meu amigo - Margarida — мою сестру зовут Марией, а сестру моего друга - Маргаритой
1) в сочетании с местоим передаётся дат па) на вопрос где? в, на, кб) на вопрос куда? в, на, к4) при обозначении расстояния, промежутка до5) употр при обозначении времени, срока, даты6) употр при обозначении орудия, средства, способаbordar a ouro — вышивать, шить золотом
à portuguesa — на португальский лад, манер
7) употр. при обозначении цены, мерыа) условиег) намерениеestou a ler — я читаю, я занят чтением
a título de — под предлогом, под видом
à pressa — наскоро, поспешно
••- a seu gosto
- cheirar a rosas
- a convite
- dia a dia
- gota a gota - ensinar a nadar
- aprender a ler
- o melhor a fazer IV m = A3) a (первая величина в системе, где порядок обозначен буквами)4) грам определенный артикль женского рода5) грам ее ( личное местоимение женского рода)6) грам предлог в ( направление)••- de A a Z- nem A nem B
- provar por a mais b -
47 AAC
скр от Associação Académica de Coimbra -
48 estrada
festrada distrital (concelhia) — порт проселочная дорога
estrada de rodagem — шоссейная дорога, шоссе
estrada nacional (real) — большая дорога, тракт
estrada de ferro — браз железная дорога
2) прн дорога, путь••- batedor de estrada
- tomar a estrada a alguém
- tornar alguém à estrada
- bater a estrada
- riscar estrada -
49 Коимбра
геогр -
50 Administrative regions
Portugal's current administrative structure consists of 18 districts and two autonomous regions (the Azores and Madeira Islands). These are Aveiro, Azores, Beja, Braga, Braganca, Castelo Branco, Coimbra, Évora, Faro, Guarda, Leiria, Lisbon (the capital), Madeira, Portalegre, Oporto, Santarem, Setubal, Viana do Castelo, Vila Real, and Viseu. Portugal's district system since the 1970s has been in a state of transition. Portugal's historic provinces continue to be included on many maps and charts, historical and current literature, and in current conversation, although they are no longer part of Portugal's official administrative structure. Since Portugal joined the European Community (EEC) in 1986, there have been political efforts to replace the district system with regions, but this effort was at least temporarily stymied in 1998, in a national referendum in which voters rejected the move toward regionalization. Some changes have been made in the administration and grouping of municipalities, but so far the district system remains dominant. -
51 Afonso III, King
(r. 1246-79)Member of the Burgundian dynasty and king of Portugal who completed the Reconquista (Reconquest) of Portugal's territory from the Muslim invaders. Afonso's reign featured a number of important measures: imposing greater unity on the kingdom; establishing the power of the throne over the Catholic Church; and shifting Portugal's capital from Coimbra to Lisbon. Afonso III was the father of King Dinis, who ruled Portugal from 1279 to 1325. -
52 Almeida, Antônio josé de
(1866-1929)Leading political figure in the First Republic, stalwart of republican politics, and the only president of the republic to serve a full term of office during that political experience (1910-26). Like a number of the leading political figures of his generation, Almeida was educated at Coimbra University's medical school and was a staunch republican opponent of the monarchy. Almeida was reputedly the finest speaker and debater of the republican leaders. When the provisional government was named following the Republican Revolution of 5 October 1910, Almeida was included. Compared to Afonso Costa, a moderate republican, Almeida was involved in the fragmenting of the Republican Party (PRP) in 1911-12 and formed an alternate Republican Party, the Evolutionist Republican Party (PRE) or Evolutionists. Almeida headed one government as prime minister (1916-17), but rapidly became exhausted and disillusioned by the First Republic's unstable, ineffective politics and government. After the assassination of Sidónio Pais in late 1918, and the failed right-wing revolution of 1919, Almeida declared himself nonpartisan and his party, the PRE, was dissolved. Loyal to the idea of the republic, however, Almeida wished to serve in some capacity. Due to his image of being above the political fray, he was elected by the congress as president of the republic and served his full term (1919-23). Prematurely aged by the experience, he withdrew from politics and died in Lisbon in 1929.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Almeida, Antônio josé de
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53 Buçaco, Forest and Mountain of
On the boundary between Coimbra and Viseu districts, the Buçaco (former spelling: Bussaco or Busaco) forest and mountain (ca. 547 meters or 1,795 feet high), were the site of a famous Peninsular War victory of the Duke of Wellington over the French forces under Masséna on 27 September 1810. A monument remains to attest to this defeat of Napoleon. Not far from this spot is the Hotel-Palace of Buçaco, completed just before the monarchy was overthrown in the revolution of 5 October 1910. In Portuguese tradition, it is said that the royal family wished to build, in effect, the last royal palace of the dynasty, but could not afford the cost of such a construction and eventually converted the palace into a hotel open to the public. This magnificent palatial structure is now run as a hotel and combines various architectural styles, from Edwardian dining rooms and a billiards room to neo-Gothic, Arabic, and neo-Manueline rococo. Off the beaten track in the lovely Buçaco forest area, the Hotel-Palace remains a recent historic monument, and it is said that before it was completed, the last reigning Braganza, King Manuel II (1908-10), on more than one occasion met his French paramour there.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Buçaco, Forest and Mountain of
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54 Caetano, Marcello José das Neves Alves
(19061980)Marcello Caetano, as the last prime minister of the Estado Novo, was both the heir and successor of Antônio de Oliveira Salazar. In a sense, Caetano was one of the founders and sustainers of this unusual regime and, at various crucial stages of its long life, Caetano's contribution was as important as Salazar's.Born in Lisbon in 1906 to a middle-class family, Caetano was a member of the student generation that rebelled against the unstable parliamentary First Republic and sought answers to Portugal's legion of troubles in conservative ideologies such as integralism, Catholic reformism, and the Italian Fascist model. One of the most brilliant students at the University of Lisbon's Law School, Caetano soon became directly involved in government service in various ministries, including Salazar's Ministry of Finance. When Caetano was not teaching full-time at the law school in Lisbon and influencing new generations of students who became critical of the regime he helped construct, Caetano was in important government posts and working on challenging assignments. In the 1930s, he participated in reforms in the Ministry of Finance, in the writing of the 1933 Constitution, in the formation of the new civil code, of which he was in part the author, and in the construction of corporativism, which sought to control labor-management relations and other aspects of social engineering. In a regime largely directed by academics from the law faculties of Coimbra University and the University of Lisbon, Caetano was the leading expert on constitutional law, administrative law, political science, and colonial law. A prolific writer as both a political scientist and historian, Caetano was the author of the standard political science, administrative law, and history of law textbooks, works that remained in print and in use among students long after his exile and death.After his apprenticeship service in a number of ministries, Caetano rose steadily in the system. At age 38, he was named minister for the colonies (1944 47), and unlike many predecessors, he "went to see for himself" and made important research visits to Portugal's African territories. In 1955-58, Caetano served in the number-three position in the regime in the Ministry of the Presidency of the Council (premier's office); he left office for full-time academic work in part because of his disagreements with Salazar and others on regime policy and failures to reform at the desired pace. In 1956 and 1957, Caetano briefly served as interim minister of communications and of foreign affairs.Caetano's opportunity to take Salazar's place and to challenge even more conservative forces in the system came in the 1960s. Portugal's most prominent law professor had a public falling out with the regime in March 1962, when he resigned as rector of Lisbon University following a clash between rebellious students and the PIDE, the political police. When students opposing the regime organized strikes on the University of Lisbon campus, Caetano resigned his rectorship after the police invaded the campus and beat and arrested some students, without asking permission to enter university premises from university authorities.When Salazar became incapacitated in September 1968, President Américo Tomás named Caetano prime minister. His tasks were formidable: in the midst of remarkable economic growth in Portugal, continued heavy immigration of Portuguese to France and other countries, and the costly colonial wars in three African colonies, namely Angola, Guinea- Bissau, and Mozambique, the regime struggled to engineer essential social and political reforms, win the wars in Africa, and move toward meaningful political reforms. Caetano supported moderately important reforms in his first two years in office (1968-70), as well as the drafting of constitutional revisions in 1971 that allowed a slight liberalization of the Dictatorship, gave the opposition more room for activity, and decentrali zed authority in the overseas provinces (colonies). Always aware of the complexity of Portugal's colonial problems and of the ongoing wars, Caetano made several visits to Africa as premier, and he sought to implement reforms in social and economic affairs while maintaining the expensive, divisive military effort, Portugal's largest armed forces mobilization in her history.Opposed by intransigent right-wing forces in various sectors in both Portugal and Africa, Caetano's modest "opening" of 1968-70 soon narrowed. Conservative forces in the military, police, civil service, and private sectors opposed key political reforms, including greater democratization, while pursuing the military solution to the African crisis and personal wealth. A significant perspective on Caetano's failed program of reforms, which could not prevent the advent of a creeping revolution in society, is a key development in the 1961-74 era of colonial wars: despite Lisbon's efforts, the greater part of Portuguese emigration and capital investment during this period were directed not to the African colonies but to Europe, North America, and Brazil.Prime Minister Caetano, discouraged by events and by opposition to his reforms from the so-called "Rheumatic Brigade" of superannuated regime loyalists, attempted to resign his office, but President Américo Tomás convinced him to remain. The publication and public reception of African hero General Antônio Spinola's best-selling book Portugal e Futuro (Portugal and the Future) in February 1974 convinced the surprised Caetano that a coup and revolution were imminent. When the virtually bloodless, smoothly operating military coup was successful in what became known as the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Caetano surrendered to the Armed Forces Movement in Lisbon and was flown to Madeira Island and later to exile in Brazil, where he remained for the rest of his life. In his Brazilian exile, Caetano was active writing important memoirs and histories of the Estado Novo from his vantage point, teaching law at a private university in Rio de Janeiro, and carrying on a lively correspondence with persons in Portugal. He died at age 74, in 1980, in Brazil.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Caetano, Marcello José das Neves Alves
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55 Camões, Luís de
(1525?-1579 or 1580)Portugal's national epic poet of the Age of Discoveries and author of the most celebrated piece of national literature, Luís de Camoes's lifespan marked both the high tide and ebbing of Portuguese imperial power. Educated at the University of Coimbra, Camões for much of his life, most of which remains largely unknown, was an adventurer overseas. He served as a soldier in Morocco, as Portugal began to lose its hold on parts of Morocco, and was later imprisoned. After his release, he shipped out to Portuguese India, to Goa, where he served the king. He lived in Portuguese India, Macau, and Mozambique, and his Eastern years left a permanent mark on his mind and soul. Upon his return to Portugal, he continued writing as a poet, and in 1572, his most famous work, better known and more quoted than any other piece of the nation's literature, Os Lusíadas (The Lusiads), was published in Lisbon. Whatever the reception of his epic poem, the story of the great Vasco da Gama's voyage to India (1497-99) within the context of the history of Portugal, Camões cannot have gained a great deal from its publication. It is said that he fell into poverty, that a servant or friend of his was forced to beg for food for Camões, and that he died in misery. In Portuguese tradition, it is also recounted that before he died he was informed of the disastrous battle of Alcácer- Quivir in 1578 and the resulting loss of the king, his army, and any defenses remaining to Portugal. Camões, the story goes, exclaimed, "I die with the Fatherland!" -
56 Catholic church
The Catholic Church and the Catholic religion together represent the oldest and most enduring of all Portuguese institutions. Because its origins as an institution go back at least to the middle of the third century, if not earlier, the Christian and later the Catholic Church is much older than any other Portuguese institution or major cultural influence, including the monarchy (lasting 770 years) or Islam (540 years). Indeed, it is older than Portugal (869 years) itself. The Church, despite its changing doctrine and form, dates to the period when Roman Lusitania was Christianized.In its earlier period, the Church played an important role in the creation of an independent Portuguese monarchy, as well as in the colonization and settlement of various regions of the shifting Christian-Muslim frontier as it moved south. Until the rise of absolutist monarchy and central government, the Church dominated all public and private life and provided the only education available, along with the only hospitals and charity institutions. During the Middle Ages and the early stage of the overseas empire, the Church accumulated a great deal of wealth. One historian suggests that, by 1700, one-third of the land in Portugal was owned by the Church. Besides land, Catholic institutions possessed a large number of chapels, churches and cathedrals, capital, and other property.Extensive periods of Portuguese history witnessed either conflict or cooperation between the Church as the monarchy increasingly sought to gain direct control of the realm. The monarchy challenged the great power and wealth of the Church, especially after the acquisition of the first overseas empire (1415-1580). When King João III requested the pope to allow Portugal to establish the Inquisition (Holy Office) in the country and the request was finally granted in 1531, royal power, more than religion was the chief concern. The Inquisition acted as a judicial arm of the Catholic Church in order to root out heresies, primarily Judaism and Islam, and later Protestantism. But the Inquisition became an instrument used by the crown to strengthen its power and jurisdiction.The Church's power and prestige in governance came under direct attack for the first time under the Marquis of Pombal (1750-77) when, as the king's prime minister, he placed regalism above the Church's interests. In 1759, the Jesuits were expelled from Portugal, although they were allowed to return after Pombal left office. Pombal also harnessed the Inquisition and put in place other anticlerical measures. With the rise of liberalism and the efforts to secularize Portugal after 1820, considerable Church-state conflict occurred. The new liberal state weakened the power and position of the Church in various ways: in 1834, all religious orders were suppressed and their property confiscated both in Portugal and in the empire and, in the 1830s and 1840s, agrarian reform programs confiscated and sold large portions of Church lands. By the 1850s, Church-state relations had improved, various religious orders were allowed to return, and the Church's influence was largely restored. By the late 19th century, Church and state were closely allied again. Church roles in all levels of education were pervasive, and there was a popular Catholic revival under way.With the rise of republicanism and the early years of the First Republic, especially from 1910 to 1917, Church-state relations reached a new low. A major tenet of republicanism was anticlericalism and the belief that the Church was as much to blame as the monarchy for the backwardness of Portuguese society. The provisional republican government's 1911 Law of Separation decreed the secularization of public life on a scale unknown in Portugal. Among the new measures that Catholics and the Church opposed were legalization of divorce, appropriation of all Church property by the state, abolition of religious oaths for various posts, suppression of the theology school at Coimbra University, abolition of saints' days as public holidays, abolition of nunneries and expulsion of the Jesuits, closing of seminaries, secularization of all public education, and banning of religious courses in schools.After considerable civil strife over the religious question under the republic, President Sidónio Pais restored normal relations with the Holy See and made concessions to the Portuguese Church. Encouraged by the apparitions at Fátima between May and October 1917, which caused a great sensation among the rural people, a strong Catholic reaction to anticlericalism ensued. Backed by various new Catholic organizations such as the "Catholic Youth" and the Academic Center of Christian Democracy (CADC), the Catholic revival influenced government and politics under the Estado Novo. Prime Minister Antônio de Oliveira Salazar was not only a devout Catholic and member of the CADC, but his formative years included nine years in the Viseu Catholic Seminary preparing to be a priest. Under the Estado Novo, Church-state relations greatly improved, and Catholic interests were protected. On the other hand, Salazar's no-risk statism never went so far as to restore to the Church all that had been lost in the 1911 Law of Separation. Most Church property was never returned from state ownership and, while the Church played an important role in public education to 1974, it never recovered the influence in education it had enjoyed before 1911.Today, the majority of Portuguese proclaim themselves Catholic, and the enduring nature of the Church as an institution seems apparent everywhere in the country. But there is no longer a monolithic Catholic faith; there is growing diversity of religious choice in the population, which includes an increasing number of Protestant Portuguese as well as a small but growing number of Muslims from the former Portuguese empire. The Muslim community of greater Lisbon erected a Mosque which, ironically, is located near the Spanish Embassy. In the 1990s, Portugal's Catholic Church as an institution appeared to be experiencing a revival of influence. While Church attendance remained low, several Church institutions retained an importance in society that went beyond the walls of the thousands of churches: a popular, flourishing Catholic University; Radio Re-nascenca, the country's most listened to radio station; and a new private television channel owned by the Church. At an international conference in Lisbon in September 2000, the Cardinal Patriarch of Portugal, Dom José Policarpo, formally apologized to the Jewish community of Portugal for the actions of the Inquisition. At the deliberately selected location, the place where that religious institution once held its hearings and trials, Dom Policarpo read a declaration of Catholic guilt and repentance and symbolically embraced three rabbis, apologizing for acts of violence, pressures to convert, suspicions, and denunciation. -
57 Conimbriga
South of the present city of Coimbra, Conimbriga was a Roman settlement of some importance that is currently undergoing archaeological excavations and the restoration of the houses, streets, and walls of its ancient community. As of the early 1990s, between one-third and one-half of the excavations were complete and were being carried out by Portuguese archaeologists, a team of French archaeologists, and other international experts. A remarkable tourist site for extended visits and study tours, the nearby museum and Conimbriga offer unique insight into Roman life. For example, one can view the restored Roman plumbing, water systems, and even a kind of sauna system in several elegant villas, as well as extensive, beautiful mosaics. -
58 Costa, Afonso
(1871-1937)Leading political and government figure of the first parliamentary republic (1910-26), Portuguese Republican Party (PRP) leader, and notable lawyer. Afonso Costa, like so many Portuguese political figures in the 20th century, was trained as a lawyer and taught as a law professor at a university, in his case, Coimbra University. A brilliant student and a radical activist in student politics in his day, Costa soon both embodied and symbolized radical republican politics and the effort to replace the monarchy. As minister of justice in the 1910-11 provisional government of the turbulent First Republic, Afonso Costa was the author of radical anticlerical laws that helped to polarize the political struggles of the fledgling representative system.The leader of the radical wing of the PRP, known in that day as "The Democrats," Afonso Costa was the youngest cabinet officer in the provisional government, at age 39. A small but tenacious man, he was a strong speaker and debater in the noisy sessions of the republic's congress. Afonso Costa was prime minister three times during the First Republic (1913-14, 1915-16, and April-December 1917). His third premiership was abruptly ended with the Sidônio Pais military coup of 8 December 1917. Costa was arrested but soon went into exile in Paris. Except for a few visits to Portugal, Costa remained in Paris as an international lawyer with a lucrative practice. Although asked to "save the republic" by taking office again, Costa refused. Following a period in which he conspired from abroad to overthrow the dictatorship, he died in Paris in 1937. -
59 Crato, Dom António, prior of
(1531-1595)Briefly, the 18th king of Portugal and a frustrated, exiled claimant to the Portuguese throne. Antonio, known to history as the Prior of Crato, was for part of the summer of 1580 the king of Portugal, before the Castilian forces of King Phillip II defeated Antonio's weak forces and impelled him into exile. The illegitimate son of the infante, Luís, second son of King Manuel I of Portugal and a woman commoner who may have been a New Christian, Antonio's legitimacy as a royal heir was always in doubt. After his father's death in 1555, Antônio abandoned his religious vocation and pursued the life of administrator, warrior, and anti-Muslim crusader in Morocco. Joining two Portuguese expeditions to Morocco (1574 and 1578), Antônio became a prisoner of war after the disastrous battle of Alcácer- Quivir (1578).Freed by payment of a ransom, Antônio returned to Portugal to pursue his claim to the throne, following both the death of King Sebastian and that of Cardinal Henrique. Although Antônio was acclaimed king of Portugal in the cities of Santarém, Lisbon, and Coimbra, and ruled a portion of Portugal in summer 1580, his followers were defeated by Phillip II's army in the battle of Alcântara, 25 August 1580. Hidden by his followers for months, Antônio escaped to exile first in England and then in France. An expedition led by England's Francis Drake in 1589, with the mission to drive out the Spaniards and to restore the Prior of Crato to Portugal's throne, failed. Once more, Antônio fled to exile in France, where he died in Paris in 1595.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Crato, Dom António, prior of
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60 Dinis, King
(1261-1325)Medieval Portugal's most talented monarch, known as both "The Farmer King" and "The Poet King." Grandson of Alfonso X "El Sábio" ("The Learned") of Castile and Leon and son of Afonso III of Portugal, Dinis ruled from 1279 to 1325. Dinis's fruitful reign helped strengthen Portugal as an independent monarchy, in an era of dangers and uncertainty. Dinis was a patron of learning, a noted poet who is known in tradition as the Rei-Trouvador ("Troubadour-King"), founder of the Universities of Coimbra and Lisbon, and an influence on several translations to Portuguese. Dinis was the king who decreed that Portuguese would be the official language of the country in legal and judicial activities.
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См. также в других словарях:
Coimbra — Cidade/City A panoramic view over the city of Coimbra … Wikipedia
Coimbra — Wappen Karte … Deutsch Wikipedia
Coïmbra — Coimbra Pour les articles homonymes, voir Coimbra (homonymie). Coïmbre (Coimbra) … Wikipédia en Français
Coímbra — Bandera … Wikipedia Español
COIMBRA — COIMBRA, city in central Portugal; a major center of Jewish population until the forced conversions of 1497. The Jews of Coimbra suffered frequent attacks, the most serious occurring in 1395 under the leadership of a church prior and several… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
Coimbra — es una ciudad portuguesa, capital del Distrito de Coimbra, situada en la Región Centro (en portugués Região Centro) y subregión de Bajo Mondego (en portugués Baixo Mondego, con cerca de 106 800 habitantes. Situada a poco más de 200 km de Lisboa y … Enciclopedia Universal
Coimbra — (Finnish, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Coïmbra (Catalan), Coimbre (French), Conimbriga (Latin), Qulumriya (Arabic) … Names of cities in different languages
Coímbra — Aunque en portugués el nombre de esta ciudad de Portugal se escribe sin tilde, en español debe llevarla por contener un hiato de vocal abierta átona y vocal cerrada tónica (→ tilde2, 2.2.2b): «Alguna vez ha dicho que hubiera querido morir en… … Diccionario panhispánico de dudas
Coimbra — Coimbra, 1) District der portugiesischen Provinz Beira, 622/5 QM.; 245,000 Ew.; 2) Hauptstadt desselben u. der Provinz, am schiffbaren Mondejo, bekommt Trinkwasser durch eine Wasserleitung (von 20 Bogen); schlecht gebaut, Kathedrale (sonst… … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Coïmbra — Coïmbra, Hauptstadt des gleichnamigen portug. Distrikts in der Provinz Beira, 91 m ü. M., in herrlicher Lage am Abhang eines Hügels auf dem rechten Ufer des Mondego, über den eine schöne Steinbrücke führt, und an der Eisenbahn Lissabon Porto,… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Coimbra — (spr. koíng ), Hauptstadt der portug. Prov. Beira, am Mondego, (1900) 18.144 E., Universität (seit 1290), Kunstakademie, Sternwarte, botan. Garten; 1139 1383 Residenz der portug. Könige … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon
