casa

condĭtor, ōris, m. [id.], a maker, builder, framer, establisher, founder, author, compiler, etc.

Prop. (class.; most freq. in the poets and prose writers after the Aug. per.).

With gen.:

Romanae arcis,

Verg. A. 8, 313:

oppidum magnum, cujus conditor,

Sall. J. 89, 4:

simulacra infantium conditorum urbis,

i. e. Romulus and Remus, Liv. 10, 23, 12; cf.:

casa illa conditoris nostri,

id. 5, 53, 8; cf.

of the founders of states,

Ov. M. 4, 566; 14, 849; *Hor. A. P. 394; Quint. 2, 16, 9; 3, 2, 4 al.; Suet. Aug. 7; 98 Bremi al.:

tanti regni Cyrus,

Just. 2, 10: historiae, Ov. lb. 522; Poët. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 29:

Romani anni,

i. e. author of the Fasti, Ov. F. 6, 21:

scientiae medicorum,

Sen. Ep. 95, 20:

pessimorum carminum,

Curt. 8, 5, 8:

legum atque jurium,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 86; cf.:

legum lator conditorque Romani juris,

Liv. 3, 58, 2:

ejus sacri,

id. 39, 17, 7:

Romanae libertatis,

id. 8, 34, 3; 1, 42, 4:

mundi,

Sen. Ep. 119, 15; id. Phoen. 655.—Rarely,

Absol.: T. Sicinium... conditorem Veios sequantur, i. e. who advises a removal to Veii, ktistên, Liv. 5, 24, 11:

conditorum, parentum, deorum numero nobis eritis,

id. 7, 30, 19:

sacrificium quod Aeneae conditori faciunt,

id. 40, 4, 9:

humilis,

writer, author, Tib. 4, 1, 4.—In a sarcastic pun:

ipse conditor totius negotii Guttam aspergit huic Balbo (with allusion to the meaning of condo, to lay up fruits, cf. the foll.),

Cic. Clu. 26, 71.—

Condĭ-tor, nom. propr., a rural deity who presided over the laying up of fruits, acc. to Serv. ad Verg. G. 1, 21.

condītor, ōris, m. [condio], one who prepares a thing in a savory manner, a seasoner (very rare): ciconiarum, Poët. ap. Schol. Hor. S. 2, 2, 49.

condĭtor, ōris, m. [id.], a maker, builder, framer, establisher, founder, author, compiler, etc.

Prop. (class.; most freq. in the poets and prose writers after the Aug. per.).

With gen.:

Romanae arcis,

Verg. A. 8, 313:

oppidum magnum, cujus conditor,

Sall. J. 89, 4:

simulacra infantium conditorum urbis,

i. e. Romulus and Remus, Liv. 10, 23, 12; cf.:

casa illa conditoris nostri,

id. 5, 53, 8; cf.

of the founders of states,

Ov. M. 4, 566; 14, 849; *Hor. A. P. 394; Quint. 2, 16, 9; 3, 2, 4 al.; Suet. Aug. 7; 98 Bremi al.:

tanti regni Cyrus,

Just. 2, 10: historiae, Ov. lb. 522; Poët. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 29:

Romani anni,

i. e. author of the Fasti, Ov. F. 6, 21:

scientiae medicorum,

Sen. Ep. 95, 20:

pessimorum carminum,

Curt. 8, 5, 8:

legum atque jurium,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 86; cf.:

legum lator conditorque Romani juris,

Liv. 3, 58, 2:

ejus sacri,

id. 39, 17, 7:

Romanae libertatis,

id. 8, 34, 3; 1, 42, 4:

mundi,

Sen. Ep. 119, 15; id. Phoen. 655.—Rarely,

Absol.: T. Sicinium... conditorem Veios sequantur, i. e. who advises a removal to Veii, ktistên, Liv. 5, 24, 11:

conditorum, parentum, deorum numero nobis eritis,

id. 7, 30, 19:

sacrificium quod Aeneae conditori faciunt,

id. 40, 4, 9:

humilis,

writer, author, Tib. 4, 1, 4.—In a sarcastic pun:

ipse conditor totius negotii Guttam aspergit huic Balbo (with allusion to the meaning of condo, to lay up fruits, cf. the foll.),

Cic. Clu. 26, 71.—

Condĭ-tor, nom. propr., a rural deity who presided over the laying up of fruits, acc. to Serv. ad Verg. G. 1, 21.

condītor, ōris, m. [condio], one who prepares a thing in a savory manner, a seasoner (very rare): ciconiarum, Poët. ap. Schol. Hor. S. 2, 2, 49.

con-sĕnesco, nŭi, 3, v. inch., to grow old together, to grow or become old or gray (class. in prose and poetry).

Lit.:

(Baucis et Philemon) illā consenuere casā,

Ov. M. 8, 634: socerorum in armis, * Hor. C. 3, 5, 8; cf.:

in patriā meā,

Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 12:

alieno in agro (exercitus),

Liv. 9, 19, 6:

in exilio,

id. 35, 34, 7:

in ultimo terrarum orbis angulo,

Vell. 2, 102, 3:

circa Casilinum Cumasque,

Liv. 30, 20, 9:

Smyrnae,

Suet. Gram. 6.—

Meton.

In Quint., to grow old or gray in an occupation, to follow it too long:

in commentariis rhetorum,

Quint. 3, 8, 67 in quā umbrā, id. 10, 5, 17; and:

in unā ejus specie,

id. 12, 11, 16.—

In a more general sense (causa pro effectu), to become weak, infirm, powerless, to waste away, fall into disuse, decay, fade, lose force, etc.

With living subjects:

prae maerore atque aegritudine,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 63; cf. id. Capt. 1, 2, 25:

in manibus alicujus et gremio maerore et lacrimis,

Cic. Clu. 5, 13; Liv. 35, 34, 7:

(columbae) si inclusae consenescunt,

Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 6; so id. ib. 3, 9, 14:

veturno,

Col. 7, 5, 3.—

Trop., to lose consideration or respect: omnes illius partis auctores ac socios nullo adversario consenescere. Cic. Att. 2, 23, 2.—

With inanimate subjects: ova consenescunt, Varr R. R. 3, 9, 8; cf.:

vinea soli vitio consenuit,

Col. 4, 22, 8:

veru in manibus,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 15; cf.:

consenuit haec tabula carie,

Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 91: haut ulla carina Consenuit, not one has grown old, i. e. all have perished, Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 36: (nobis) viget aetas, animus valet; contra illis annis atque divitiis omnia consenuerunt, Sall. C. 20, 10 Kritz and Fabri:

quamvis consenuerint vires atque defecerint,

Cic. Sen. 9, 29;

with vires,

Liv. 6, 23, 7:

animum quoque patris consenuisse in adfecto corpore,

id. 9, 3, 8: noster amicus Magnus, cujus cognomen unā cum Crassi Divitis cognomine consenescit. Cic. Att. 2, 13, 2:

veteres leges aut. ipsā suā vetustate consenuisse aut novis legibus esse sublatas,

id. de Or. 1, 58, 247;

so of laws,

Liv. 3, 31, 7:

invidia,

Cic. Clu. 2, 5:

rabies et impetus,

Flor. 3, 3, 5:

oratio dimetiendis pedibus,

Quint. 9, 4, 112.

con-trūdo, si, sum, 3, v. a.

To thrust or crowd together (mostly anteclass.):

nubes (vis venti),

Lucr. 6, 510; cf. id. 6, 211 and 734:

penitusque casa contrusa jacebant Corpora,

crowded together, id. 6, 1254.—

To press, thrust, push, or crowd in:

uvam in dolia,

Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2:

stantis equi corpus... videtur vis in adversum flumen contrudere, aliquos in balneas,

Cic. Cael. 26, 63; Varr. L. L. 8, § 31 Müll. —Rarely of a single person:

Florentius... contrusus est in insulam,

Amm. 22, 3, 6.

dŏmĭcĭlĭum, ii, n. [domus and cel-, root of celare, to conceal; cf.: cella, occulere], a habitation, dwelling, domicile, abode (freq. and class.; for syn. cf.: aedes, domus, tectum, casa, tugurium, habitatio, mansio, sedes, etc.).

Prop., Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 41; Cic. Arch. 4, 9; id. N. D. 2, 60; id. Rep. 1, 13; id. Brut. 73 fin.; Caes. B. G. 1, 30, 3; id. B. C. 1, 86, 3; Vulg. Marc. 5, 3 et saep.—

Trop. (esp. freq. in Cic.):

nulla alia in civitate, nisi in qua populi potestas summa est, ullum domicilium libertas habet,

Cic. Rep. 1, 31:

Capuae, in Domicilio superbiae collocati,

id. Agr. 2, 35 fin.:

honestissimum senectutis (Lacedaemo),

id. de Sen. 18, 63:

imperii et gloriae (Roma),

id. de Or. 1, 23; cf.

gloriae,

id. Balb. 5, 13:

mentis,

id. N. D. 1, 27, 76; cf. Vell. 2, 69, 4:

improbissimorum sermonum in auribus alicujus collocare,

Cic. Pis. 31, 76:

cui verbo (sc. fideliter) domicilium est proprium in officio,

id. Fam. 16, 17.

dŏmus, ūs and i, 2d and 4th decl., f. [Sanscr. damas, house; Gr. root dem-ô, to build, whence domos, des-potês for demspotês; cf. Germ. Zimmer; Eng. timber, etc.], a house, home (for syn. cf. aedes, casa, domicilium, habitatio; mansio, sedes, tectum, tugurium; aedificium, moles). —Forms of the cases.

Nom.:

domus,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 206; id. Bacch. 3, 1, 6 al.; Ter. And. 5, 3, 20; id. Eun. 5, 9, 8 al.; Cic. Lael. 27, 103; id. Rep. 1, 43; 3, 9 et saep.—

Gen., in the comic poets only the ante-class. form domi:

haud quod tui me neque domi distaedeat,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 5:

commeminit domi,

id. Trin. 4, 3, 20; cf.:

domi focique fac vicissim ut memineris,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 45:

domi cupio (i.q. cupidus sum),

Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 22; acc. to Don. Ter. l. l.: decora domi, Caecil. ap. Don. l. l.: conviva domi, Afran. ap. Non. 337, 23. But since Varro (except as infra, 2.):

domūs,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 162 Müll. (twice); Cat. 64, 246; Verg. G. 4, 209; id. A. 1, 356; 4, 318; 645; 6, 27; 53; 81; Hor. C. 4, 12, 6; id. S. 2, 5, 108; Ov. M. 2, 737; Stat. S. 5, 2, 77; Suet. Caes. 81 et saep. The uncontr. form domuis, Varr. ap. Non. 491, 22; and Nigidius, acc. to Gell. 4, 16, 1; the form domos, used by Augustus exclusively, acc. to Suet. Aug. 87 (or domuos, acc. to Ritschl; v. Neue Formenl. 1, 362; cf. SENATVOS from senatus in the S. C. de Bacan.).—

Dat.:

domo,

Cato R. R. 134, 2; 139; 141, 2; Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 13 (ex conj. Lachm.; also Lucr. 5, 1267);

much more freq. domui,

Caes. B. C. 3, 112, 8; Quint. 1, 10, 32; 7, 1, 53 Spald. and Zumpt N. cr.; Tac. H. 4, 68; Ov. M. 4, 66; id. Tr. 1, 2, 101; 3, 12, 50; id. Pont. 1, 2, 108; 3, 1, 75.—

Acc.:

domum,

Plaut. Aul. prol. 3; id. Bacch. 3, 3, 54; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 90; Cic. Rep. 1, 39; 2, 5; 6, 19; 23; 26 et saep.—Apoc. form do = dô (for dôma): endo suam do, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 436 P.; and ap. Aus. Idyll. 12, 18 (Ann. v. 563 ed. Vahl.).—

Voc.: domus, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139; id. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 102; 3, 58, 217; Nov. ap. Non. 510; Verg. A. 2, 241.—

Abl., usually domo, Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 27; id. Curc. 1, 3, 53 et saep.; Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 18; Cic. Rep. 2, 4; id. Off. 1, 39, 139 (four times) et saep.:

domu,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 48; Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 45; id. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 128; Inscr. Grut. 599, 8; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 5.—

Nom., only domus, Verg. G. 4, 481; Liv. 3, 32, 2; 42, 1, 10; Suet. Ner. 38.—

Gen.: domorum ( poet.), Lucr. 1, 354; 489 saep.; Verg. G. 4, 159; id. A. 2, 445;

usually domuum,

Plin. 36, 13, 19, § 88; 8, 57, 82, § 221; Tac. A. 3, 24; 6, 45; Juv. 3, 72; Sen. Ep. 122, 9; Dig. 33, 2, 32, § 2 et saep.—

Dat. and abl., only domibus, Varr. L. L. 5, § 160 Müll.; Caes. B. G. 6, 11, 2; id. B. C. 3, 42 fin.; Quint. 9, 4, 4; Tac. A. 3, 6; id. H. 1, 4; id. G. 46; Verg. G. 2, 443; Hor. C. 1, 22, 22; id. S. 2, 6, 71 et saep.—

Acc. usually domos, Plaut. Poen. 3, 6, 19; Lucr. 1, 18; 6, 241; Cic. Rep. 1, 13 (twice); Caes. B. G. 1, 30, 3; id. B. C. 3, 82, 4; Sall. C. 12, 3 and 4; Verg. G. 1, 182 et saep. The MSS. often vary between domos and domus; cf. Beier Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64; Drak. Liv. 3, 29, 5; Oud. Suet. Claud. 25; so Verg. A. 1, 140; id. G 4, 446 al. The form domus is certain, Att. ap. Gell. 14, 1, 34; Quadrig. ib. 17, 2, 5; so Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 4, § 7; Liv. 45, 1, 10.—

Adverbial forms.

Domi (also domui in good MSS. of Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 13; id. Tusc. 1, 22, 51; id. Mil. 7, 16; id. Att. 12, 25, 1; id. Off. 3, 26, 99; and Auct. Her. 4, 30, 41; 4, 54, 67;

v. Neue, Formenl. 1, 540),

at home, in the house, Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 12 et saep; Ter. And. 3, 2, 34 et saep.; Cic. Lael. 1, 2; id. Rep. 1, 13; id. Fin. 5, 15, 42 et saep.; Verg. E. 3, 33; Hor. S. 1, 1, 67; id. Ep. 1, 5, 3 et saep.; cf.

opp. foris,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 33; id. Merc. 3, 4, 2 (twice); Cic. Phil. 2, 11, 26; Sall. C. 52, 21 et saep.:

meae domi,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 18; id. Most. 1, 3, 34; id. Mil. 2, 2, 3; Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 15; and in the order domi meae, Cato ap. Charis. p. 101 P.; Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 36; [p. 610] Cic. Fam. 10, 25 fin.:

tuae domi,

id. ib. 4, 7, 4:

suae domi,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 43;

and in the order domi suae,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 50; Cic. Mil. 7; id. Caecin. 4, 10; Quint. 1, 1, 22 al.:

nostrae domi,

Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 9; id. Poen. 4, 2, 16; Cic. Tusc. 5, 39;

and in the order domi nostrae,

Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 18; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 2:

alienae domi,

id. Tusc. 1, 22, 51; id. Fam. 4, 7, 4; id. Dom. 40, 105:

domi Caesaris,

id. Att. 1, 12, 3; 2, 7, 3 Orell. N. cr.:

istius domi (educatus),

id. Quint. 5, 21; cf.:

domi illius (fuisti),

id. Div. in Caecil. 18, 58; id. Cluent. 60, 165:

cujus domi fueras,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 42: id. Phil. 2, 14, 35; 2, 19, 48; id. Fam. 9, 3 fin. —

Domum, home, homewards, to the house, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 40 et saep.; Ter. And. 1, 5, 20 et saep.; Cic. Lael. 3, 12; id. Verr. 1, 9, 25; id. Ac. 1, 3 et saep.; Verg. E. 1, 36; 10, 77 et saep.:

domum meam,

Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; id. Fam. 9, 19:

domum suam,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 31; Cic. Rep. 1, 14; 2, 9; id. Rosc. Am. 18 fin.; Caes. B. G. 2, 10, 4 al.:

domum regiam (comportant),

Sall. J. 76 fin.:

Pomponii domum (venisse),

Cic. Off. 3, 31, 112:

domum Roscii,

id. Rosc. Com. 9, 26:

cujusdam hominis nobilis domum,

id. Or. in Toga Cand. p. 521 ed. Orell.:

domum reditio,

Caes. B. G. 1, 5:

domum concursus,

id. B. C. 1, 53.—When more persons than one are spoken of, the plur. is freq. used:

domos,

Liv. 3, 5; 27, 51; 28, 2; Curt. 9, 8, 1 al.:

domos nostras,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 6, 19:

domos suas,

Sall. J. 66, 3; and: suas domos, Liv 2, 7; but the sing. also:

Suebi domum reverti coeperunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 54.—Sometimes also with in and acc.:

rex in domum se recepit,

Liv. 44, 45:

in domos atque in tecta refugere,

id. 26, 10:

cur non introeo in nostram domum?

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 253; id. Capt. 4, 4, 3:

venisse in M. Laecae domum,

Cic. Cat. 1, 4; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 18, 2; and Suet. Vesp. 5.—

Domo.

From home, out of the house, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 4; id. Stich. 1, 1, 29; id. Trin. 4, 3, 3; id. Mil. 4, 2, 7 et saep.; Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 19; id. Phorm. 4, 1, 20; Cic. Rep. 1, 12; id. Fl. 6, 14; id. Or. 26, 89 et saep.—

For domi, at home, in the house (rare):

domo sibi quaerere remedium,

Cic. Clu. 9, 27:

haec ubi domo nascuntur,

Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 2:

domo se tenere,

Nep. Epam. 10, 3:

domo abditus,

Suet. Caes. 20 tabulae domo asservantur, App. Apol. p. 541.—With in:

in domo furtum factum ab eo, qui domi fuit,

Quint. 5, 10, 16:

rem quam e villa mea surripuit, in domo mea ponat,

Sen. Const. Sap. 7 med.:

in domo sua facere mysteria,

Nep. Alcib. 3 fin.:

quid illuc clamoris obsecro in nostra domo est?

Plaut. Cas. 3, 4, 29; id. Ps. 1, 1, 82; Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 26:

educatus in domo Pericli,

Nep. Alcib. 2; so,

in domo ejus,

id. Lys. 3, 5; Tac. A. 4, 21.—

In colloq. lang.: domi habere aliquid, to have a thing at home, i. e. to have it about one, to have in abundance, to be provided with it, to have or know it one's self:

domi habet animum falsiloquum... Domi dolos, domi delenifica facta, domi fallacias,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 36 sq.:

domi habuit unde disceret,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 59 Ruhnk. In a like sense:

id quidem domi est,

Cic. Att. 10, 14, 2; cf. Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 4: sed quid ego nunc haec ad te, cujus domi nascuntur? glauk eis Athênas, Cic. Fam. 9, 3 fin. —

Poet. transf., any sort of building or abode. So of the labyrinth, Verg. A. 6, 27;

of a sacred grotto,

id. ib. 6, 81;

of the abode of the gods,

id. ib. 10, 1; 101; Ov. M. 4, 736; 6, 269 al.;

of the winds,

Verg. G. 1, 371; Ov. M. 1, 279;

of animals,

Verg. G. 2, 209; id. A. 5, 214; Stat. Th. 1, 367;

of birds,

Verg. A. 8, 235;

of Danaë's prison,

Prop. 2, 20, 12 (3, 13, 12 M.);

of the tomb: marmorea,

Tib. 3, 2, 22;

the same, DOMVS AETERNA,

Inscr. Orell. 1174; 4525 sq.:

AETERNALIS,

ib. 4518 (cf. in Heb. for the grave, Eccl. 12, 5); and:

CERTA,

ib. 4850;

of the body, as the dwelling of the soul,

Ov. M. 15, 159; 458 et saep.

Meton.

In a wider sense, one's native place, country, home. M. Su. Siculus sum Syracusanus. M. So. Ea domus et patria est mihi, Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 10;

so (with patria),

id. Merc. 3, 4, 68; Verg. A. 7, 122; also with patria as an adjective, Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 2; Ov. M. 11, 269; cf. also Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 41; Verg. A. 5, 638; Ov. M. 13, 227 al.: domi aetatem agere, opp. patriă procul, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6; cf. Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 75; id. Capt. 2, 1, 3; id. Poen. 5, 2, 6; Caes. B. G. 1, 18, 6; 1, 20, 2; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 17; id. Q. Fr. 2, 14 fin.; Sall. C. 17, 4; id. J. 8, 1 et saep.:

legiones reveniunt domum,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 33; so id. ib. 52; Cic. Fam. 7, 5; Caes. B. C. 1, 34, 3; Liv. 23, 20 al.:

ut (Galli) domo emigrent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 14:

qui genus? unde domo?

Verg. A. 8, 114; 10, 183.—Hence, the phrases belli domique, and domi militiaeque, in war and peace, v. bellum and militia;

and cf.: noster populus in pace et domi imperat... in bello sic paret, ut, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 40.—

A household, family, race (cf. the Gr. oikos, and the Heb., v. Gesen. Lex. s. h. v. 7):

domus te nostra tota salutat,

Cic. Att. 4, 12; id. Fam. 13, 46; Liv. 3, 32; Quint. 7, 1, 53 (twice); Tac. A. 3, 55; id. Agr. 19; Suet. Aug. 25; Verg. A. 1, 284; 3, 97:

tota domus duo sunt,

Ov. M. 8, 636; id. F. 4, 544; Hor. C. 1, 6, 8; 3, 6, 26; Vulg. Matt. 10, 6 et saep.—Hence,

In philos lang., a philosophical school, sect, Cic. Ac. 1, 4; Sen. Ep. 29 fin.; id. Ben. 5, 15.

hăbĭto, āvi, ātum, 1 ( gen. plur. of the part. pres. habitantum, Ov. M. 14, 90), v. freq. a. and n. [habeo].

In gen., to have frequently, to be wont to have (anteclass. and very rare): epicrocum, Varr. ap. Non. 318, 25:

comas,

id. ib. 27.—

In partic., to have possession of, to inhabit a place; and more freq. neut., to dwell, abide, reside, live anywhere (the class. signif. of the word; cf.: colo, incolo, commoror).

Lit.

Act.:

centum urbes habitant magnas,

Verg. A. 3, 106:

silvas,

id. E. 6, 2:

hoc nemus, hunc collem (deus),

id. A. 8, 352:

humiles casas,

id. E. 2, 29:

terras,

Ov. H. 1, 66; id. M. 1, 195:

pruinas,

Val. Fl. 2, 177:

locum,

Tac. Agr. 11; cf. Liv. 5, 51, 3. — Pass.:

colitur ea pars (urbis) et habitatur frequentissime,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119; cf. Quint. 1, 4, 28:

arx procul iis, quae habitabantur,

Liv. 24, 3, 2:

applicata colli habitatur colonia Corinthus,

Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11; 5, 7, 7, § 42:

Scythiae confinis est regio habitaturque pluribus vicis,

Curt. 8, 2, 14:

nobis habitabitur orbis Ultimus,

Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 127:

tellus Bistoniis habitata viris,

id. M. 13, 430; cf.:

nec patria est habitata tibi,

id. Tr. 5, 3, 21; Sil. 2, 654:

raris habitata mapalia tectis,

Verg. G. 3, 340; cf.:

(agellus) habitatus quinque focis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 2:

campi olim uberes magnisque urbibus habitati,

Tac. H. 5, 7:

quae sit tellus habitanda (sibi), requirit,

Ov. M. 3, 9; cf.:

cesserunt nitidis habitandae piscibus undae,

id. ib. 1, 74:

habitandaque fana Apris reliquit et rapacibus lupis,

Hor. Epod. 16, 19:

proavis habitatas linquere silvas,

Juv. 15, 152.—

Neutr.:

in illisce habitat aedibus Amphitruo,

Plaut. Am. prol. 97; cf.:

cujus hic in aediculis habitat decem, ut opinor, milibus,

Cic. Cael. 7, 17:

in gurgustio,

id. N. D. 1, 9, 22:

in via,

on the high-road, id. Phil. 2, 41, 106:

in Sicilia,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 95:

in arboribus (aves),

Plin. 18, 35, 87, § 363:

Lilybaei,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 38:

lucis opacis,

Verg. A. 6, 673:

vallibus imis,

id. ib. 3, 110:

casa straminea,

Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 20; cf.:

sub terra habitare,

Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95:

apud aliquem,

id. Ac. 2, 26, 115; cf. id. Brut. 90, 309; id. Cael. 21, 51; id. Clu. 12, 33; id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83:

cum aliquo,

id. ib. 2, 1, 25, §

64: cum illa apud te,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 41.— Absol.:

triginta milibus dixistis eum habitare,

Cic. Cael. 7, 17; cf.:

nunc si quis tanti (i. e. sex milibus) habitet,

Vell. 2, 10, 1:

bene,

to have a good habitation, Nep. Att. 13; so,

dum sic ergo habitat Cetronius,

so splendidly, Juv. 14, 92:

avecta est peregre hinc habitatum,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 37; cf.:

is habitatum huc commigravit,

id. Trin. 4, 3, 77; and:

rus habitatum abii,

Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 27:

commorandi natura deversorium nobis, non habitandi locum dedit,

Cic. de Sen. 23, 84:

habitandi causa,

Caes. B. C. 3, 112, 8.—Part. as subst.: hăbĭtantes, ium, the inhabitants: numquam tecta subeamus: super habitantes aliquando procumbunt, Quint. 2, 16, 6; Ov. M. 14, 90:

oppidum valetudine habitantium infame,

Mel. 1, 16, 1:

ad occasum,

Plin. 2, 70, 82, § 180.— Pass. impers.:

vides, habitari in terra raris et angustis in locis, et in ipsis quasi maculis, ubi habitatur, vastas solitudines interjectas,

Cic. Rep. 6, 19:

habitari ait Xenophanes in luna,

that the moon is inhabited, id. Ac. 2, 39, 123:

vicorum, quibus frequenter habitabatur,

Liv. 2, 62, 4.—

Transf., to stay, remain, dwell, or keep in any place; to keep to, dwell upon a thing (a favorite expression with Cicero):

cum iis, qui in foro habitarunt, de dignitate contendas?

Cic. Mur. 9, 21; cf.:

habitare in Rostris,

id. Brut. 89, 305:

in subselliis,

id. de Or. 1, 62, 264; cf.

also: in oculis,

to be always in public, id. Planc. 27, 66:

illi qui hoc solum colendum ducebant, habitarunt in hac una ratione tractanda,

id. de Or. 2, 38, 160:

in bonis haerebit et habitabit suis,

to dwell upon, id. Or. 15, 49; cf. id. de Or. 2, 72, 292:

qui potest igitur habitare in beata vita summi mali metus?

id. Fin. 2, 28, 92:

cum his habitare pernoctareque curis (i. e. studiis)!

id. Tusc. 5, 24, 69:

quorum in vultu habitant oculi mei,

id. Phil. 12, 1, 2:

animus habitat in oculis,

Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 145; cf.:

mens ibi (in corde) habitat,

id. 11, 37, 69, § 182:

qui tibi (Amori) jucundumst, siccis habitare medullis,

Prop. 2, 11 (3, 3), 17:

peregrinatus est hujus animus in nequitia, non habitavit,

Val. Max. 6, 9, ext. 1:

tecum habita,

i. e. retire within thyself, examine thyself, Pers. 4, 52.

hăbĭto, āvi, ātum, 1 ( gen. plur. of the part. pres. habitantum, Ov. M. 14, 90), v. freq. a. and n. [habeo].

In gen., to have frequently, to be wont to have (anteclass. and very rare): epicrocum, Varr. ap. Non. 318, 25:

comas,

id. ib. 27.—

In partic., to have possession of, to inhabit a place; and more freq. neut., to dwell, abide, reside, live anywhere (the class. signif. of the word; cf.: colo, incolo, commoror).

Lit.

Act.:

centum urbes habitant magnas,

Verg. A. 3, 106:

silvas,

id. E. 6, 2:

hoc nemus, hunc collem (deus),

id. A. 8, 352:

humiles casas,

id. E. 2, 29:

terras,

Ov. H. 1, 66; id. M. 1, 195:

pruinas,

Val. Fl. 2, 177:

locum,

Tac. Agr. 11; cf. Liv. 5, 51, 3. — Pass.:

colitur ea pars (urbis) et habitatur frequentissime,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119; cf. Quint. 1, 4, 28:

arx procul iis, quae habitabantur,

Liv. 24, 3, 2:

applicata colli habitatur colonia Corinthus,

Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11; 5, 7, 7, § 42:

Scythiae confinis est regio habitaturque pluribus vicis,

Curt. 8, 2, 14:

nobis habitabitur orbis Ultimus,

Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 127:

tellus Bistoniis habitata viris,

id. M. 13, 430; cf.:

nec patria est habitata tibi,

id. Tr. 5, 3, 21; Sil. 2, 654:

raris habitata mapalia tectis,

Verg. G. 3, 340; cf.:

(agellus) habitatus quinque focis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 2:

campi olim uberes magnisque urbibus habitati,

Tac. H. 5, 7:

quae sit tellus habitanda (sibi), requirit,

Ov. M. 3, 9; cf.:

cesserunt nitidis habitandae piscibus undae,

id. ib. 1, 74:

habitandaque fana Apris reliquit et rapacibus lupis,

Hor. Epod. 16, 19:

proavis habitatas linquere silvas,

Juv. 15, 152.—

Neutr.:

in illisce habitat aedibus Amphitruo,

Plaut. Am. prol. 97; cf.:

cujus hic in aediculis habitat decem, ut opinor, milibus,

Cic. Cael. 7, 17:

in gurgustio,

id. N. D. 1, 9, 22:

in via,

on the high-road, id. Phil. 2, 41, 106:

in Sicilia,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 95:

in arboribus (aves),

Plin. 18, 35, 87, § 363:

Lilybaei,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 38:

lucis opacis,

Verg. A. 6, 673:

vallibus imis,

id. ib. 3, 110:

casa straminea,

Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 20; cf.:

sub terra habitare,

Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95:

apud aliquem,

id. Ac. 2, 26, 115; cf. id. Brut. 90, 309; id. Cael. 21, 51; id. Clu. 12, 33; id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83:

cum aliquo,

id. ib. 2, 1, 25, §

64: cum illa apud te,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 41.— Absol.:

triginta milibus dixistis eum habitare,

Cic. Cael. 7, 17; cf.:

nunc si quis tanti (i. e. sex milibus) habitet,

Vell. 2, 10, 1:

bene,

to have a good habitation, Nep. Att. 13; so,

dum sic ergo habitat Cetronius,

so splendidly, Juv. 14, 92:

avecta est peregre hinc habitatum,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 37; cf.:

is habitatum huc commigravit,

id. Trin. 4, 3, 77; and:

rus habitatum abii,

Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 27:

commorandi natura deversorium nobis, non habitandi locum dedit,

Cic. de Sen. 23, 84:

habitandi causa,

Caes. B. C. 3, 112, 8.—Part. as subst.: hăbĭtantes, ium, the inhabitants: numquam tecta subeamus: super habitantes aliquando procumbunt, Quint. 2, 16, 6; Ov. M. 14, 90:

oppidum valetudine habitantium infame,

Mel. 1, 16, 1:

ad occasum,

Plin. 2, 70, 82, § 180.— Pass. impers.:

vides, habitari in terra raris et angustis in locis, et in ipsis quasi maculis, ubi habitatur, vastas solitudines interjectas,

Cic. Rep. 6, 19:

habitari ait Xenophanes in luna,

that the moon is inhabited, id. Ac. 2, 39, 123:

vicorum, quibus frequenter habitabatur,

Liv. 2, 62, 4.—

Transf., to stay, remain, dwell, or keep in any place; to keep to, dwell upon a thing (a favorite expression with Cicero):

cum iis, qui in foro habitarunt, de dignitate contendas?

Cic. Mur. 9, 21; cf.:

habitare in Rostris,

id. Brut. 89, 305:

in subselliis,

id. de Or. 1, 62, 264; cf.

also: in oculis,

to be always in public, id. Planc. 27, 66:

illi qui hoc solum colendum ducebant, habitarunt in hac una ratione tractanda,

id. de Or. 2, 38, 160:

in bonis haerebit et habitabit suis,

to dwell upon, id. Or. 15, 49; cf. id. de Or. 2, 72, 292:

qui potest igitur habitare in beata vita summi mali metus?

id. Fin. 2, 28, 92:

cum his habitare pernoctareque curis (i. e. studiis)!

id. Tusc. 5, 24, 69:

quorum in vultu habitant oculi mei,

id. Phil. 12, 1, 2:

animus habitat in oculis,

Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 145; cf.:

mens ibi (in corde) habitat,

id. 11, 37, 69, § 182:

qui tibi (Amori) jucundumst, siccis habitare medullis,

Prop. 2, 11 (3, 3), 17:

peregrinatus est hujus animus in nequitia, non habitavit,

Val. Max. 6, 9, ext. 1:

tecum habita,

i. e. retire within thyself, examine thyself, Pers. 4, 52.

Ĭāson or Ĭāso (e. g. Mel. 1, 19, 5), ŏnis, m., = Iasôn.

Jason, a famous Grecian hero, son of Æson, king of Thessaly, the leader of the Argonauts, a sharer in the Calydonian boar-hunt, the husband of Medea, and afterwards of Crĕūsa, Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; Ov. M. 7, 5 sq.; 8, 301; 348; Val. Fl. et saep.; Hyg. F. 12, 14; 16:

quo jam mercator Iason clausus et armatis obstat casa candida nautis, i. e. when the fresco in the portico of Agrippa, representing Jason and his sailors, is hidden by the white canvas tents of the dealers at the fancy fair,

Juv. 6, 153 sq. —Also, the name of a poem by Varro Atacinus, Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 85.—

Derivv.

Ĭāsŏnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Jason:

carina,

i. e. the ship Argo, Prop. 2, 24 (3, 19), 45:

remige,

i. e. Argonautic, Ov. P. 3, 1, 1.—

Ĭāsŏnĭdes, ae, m., a male descendant of Jason:

juvenes,

i. e. Thoas and Euneus, sons of Jason, Stat. Th. 6, 340.—

A ruler of Pherœ, in Thessaly, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. N. D. 3, 28, 70; Val. Max. 9, 10; Nep. Timoth. 4, 2.

Ĭāson or Ĭāso (e. g. Mel. 1, 19, 5), ŏnis, m., = Iasôn.

Jason, a famous Grecian hero, son of Æson, king of Thessaly, the leader of the Argonauts, a sharer in the Calydonian boar-hunt, the husband of Medea, and afterwards of Crĕūsa, Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; Ov. M. 7, 5 sq.; 8, 301; 348; Val. Fl. et saep.; Hyg. F. 12, 14; 16:

quo jam mercator Iason clausus et armatis obstat casa candida nautis, i. e. when the fresco in the portico of Agrippa, representing Jason and his sailors, is hidden by the white canvas tents of the dealers at the fancy fair,

Juv. 6, 153 sq. —Also, the name of a poem by Varro Atacinus, Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 85.—

Derivv.

Ĭāsŏnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Jason:

carina,

i. e. the ship Argo, Prop. 2, 24 (3, 19), 45:

remige,

i. e. Argonautic, Ov. P. 3, 1, 1.—

Ĭāsŏnĭdes, ae, m., a male descendant of Jason:

juvenes,

i. e. Thoas and Euneus, sons of Jason, Stat. Th. 6, 340.—

A ruler of Pherœ, in Thessaly, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. N. D. 3, 28, 70; Val. Max. 9, 10; Nep. Timoth. 4, 2.

Ĭāson or Ĭāso (e. g. Mel. 1, 19, 5), ŏnis, m., = Iasôn.

Jason, a famous Grecian hero, son of Æson, king of Thessaly, the leader of the Argonauts, a sharer in the Calydonian boar-hunt, the husband of Medea, and afterwards of Crĕūsa, Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; Ov. M. 7, 5 sq.; 8, 301; 348; Val. Fl. et saep.; Hyg. F. 12, 14; 16:

quo jam mercator Iason clausus et armatis obstat casa candida nautis, i. e. when the fresco in the portico of Agrippa, representing Jason and his sailors, is hidden by the white canvas tents of the dealers at the fancy fair,

Juv. 6, 153 sq. —Also, the name of a poem by Varro Atacinus, Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 85.—

Derivv.

Ĭāsŏnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Jason:

carina,

i. e. the ship Argo, Prop. 2, 24 (3, 19), 45:

remige,

i. e. Argonautic, Ov. P. 3, 1, 1.—

Ĭāsŏnĭdes, ae, m., a male descendant of Jason:

juvenes,

i. e. Thoas and Euneus, sons of Jason, Stat. Th. 6, 340.—

A ruler of Pherœ, in Thessaly, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. N. D. 3, 28, 70; Val. Max. 9, 10; Nep. Timoth. 4, 2.

Ĭāson or Ĭāso (e. g. Mel. 1, 19, 5), ŏnis, m., = Iasôn.

Jason, a famous Grecian hero, son of Æson, king of Thessaly, the leader of the Argonauts, a sharer in the Calydonian boar-hunt, the husband of Medea, and afterwards of Crĕūsa, Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; Ov. M. 7, 5 sq.; 8, 301; 348; Val. Fl. et saep.; Hyg. F. 12, 14; 16:

quo jam mercator Iason clausus et armatis obstat casa candida nautis, i. e. when the fresco in the portico of Agrippa, representing Jason and his sailors, is hidden by the white canvas tents of the dealers at the fancy fair,

Juv. 6, 153 sq. —Also, the name of a poem by Varro Atacinus, Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 85.—

Derivv.

Ĭāsŏnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Jason:

carina,

i. e. the ship Argo, Prop. 2, 24 (3, 19), 45:

remige,

i. e. Argonautic, Ov. P. 3, 1, 1.—

Ĭāsŏnĭdes, ae, m., a male descendant of Jason:

juvenes,

i. e. Thoas and Euneus, sons of Jason, Stat. Th. 6, 340.—

A ruler of Pherœ, in Thessaly, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. N. D. 3, 28, 70; Val. Max. 9, 10; Nep. Timoth. 4, 2.

in-sons, ntis, adj.

Guiltless, innocent; constr. with gen. or absol. (class., but not in Cic. or Cæs.):

insontem probri accusare,

Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 9:

aliquem falso atque insontem arguere,

id. Bacch. 3, 3, 10:

publici consilii,

Liv. 34, 32, 8:

culpae,

id. 22, 49.— With abl. (rare):

si regni crimine insons fuerit,

Liv. 4, 15, 1.— Absol.:

purus et insons... si vivo,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 69; Sen. Hipp. 486:

amicus,

Verg. A. 2, 93; 5, 350. — Esp., as subst.: insontes, um, m., the innocent (opp. sontes):

circumvenire, jugulare,

Sall. C. 16, 3.—

Harmless (only poet.):

Cerberus,

Hor. C. 2, 19, 29:

oliva,

Stat. Th. 12, 682:

casa,

Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 66.

in-sons, ntis, adj.

Guiltless, innocent; constr. with gen. or absol. (class., but not in Cic. or Cæs.):

insontem probri accusare,

Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 9:

aliquem falso atque insontem arguere,

id. Bacch. 3, 3, 10:

publici consilii,

Liv. 34, 32, 8:

culpae,

id. 22, 49.— With abl. (rare):

si regni crimine insons fuerit,

Liv. 4, 15, 1.— Absol.:

purus et insons... si vivo,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 69; Sen. Hipp. 486:

amicus,

Verg. A. 2, 93; 5, 350. — Esp., as subst.: insontes, um, m., the innocent (opp. sontes):

circumvenire, jugulare,

Sall. C. 16, 3.—

Harmless (only poet.):

Cerberus,

Hor. C. 2, 19, 29:

oliva,

Stat. Th. 12, 682:

casa,

Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 66.

mācĕrĭa, ae (post-class. form, mācĕ-rĭes, only nom. and acc., Afran. ap. Non. 138; Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 11; Prud. Hamart. 227; Inscr. Grut. 611, 13; Inscr. Orell. 4057), f. [from macero, to soften; orig. a wall built of soft clay; cf. Gr. massô], an enclosure, a wall (class.):

maceriam sine calce ex caementis et silice altam pedes quinque facito,

Cato, R. R. 15; cf. Varr. R. R. 1, 14, 4; 3, 5, 12:

quid maceria illa ait in horto, quaest quae in noctes singulas latere fit minor?

Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 49:

hanc in horto maceriam jube dirui,

Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 10:

herba in maceriis nascens,

Plin. 25, 5, 19, § 43:

nulla maceria, nulla casa,

Cic. Fam. 16, 18, 2: post villarum macerias, Sisenn. ap. Non. 141, 23:

fossam et maceriam sex in altitudinem pedum praeduxerant,

Caes. B. G. 7, 69; 7, 70:

maceria ab laeva semitae paulum exstans a fundamenta,

Liv. 42, 15.—

Affliction: facere illi satis vis, quanta illius mors sit maceries tibi? Afran. ap. Non. 138, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 150 Rib.).

nūtrīcŭla, ae, f. dim. [id.], a nurse.

Lit.:

quid voveat dulci nutricula majus alumno?

Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 8; Suet. Aug. 94:

fabulae nutricularum,

Quint. 1, 9, 2.—

Transf., she who nourishes, maintains, preserves a thing:

nutriculae praediorum,

Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 12:

Gellius nutricula seditiosorum,

id. Vatin. 2, 4:

nutricula causidicorum Africa,

Juv. 7, 148:

casa nutricula,

in which one was brought up, Quint. Decl. 13, 4.

Rōmŭlus, i, m., the founder and first king of Rome, worshipped after his death as Quirinus, Liv. 1, 4 sqq.; Cic. Div. 1, 12, 20; Sen. Ep. 108, 31. — Hence,

Rōmŭlĕus (Romuleus, Auct. Perv. Ven. 72), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Romulus:

ensis,

Ov. F. 3, 67:

urbs,

Rome, id. ib. 5, 260:

casa,

Petr. Fragm. 21, 6; cf. Verg. A. 8, 654; Vitr. 2, 1:

fera,

the she-wolf, Juv. 11, 104 et saep.—

Rōmŭlus, a, um, adj., of Romulus:

ficus,

Ov. F. 2, 412:

hasta,

Prop. 4 (5), 4, 26:

tellus,

Roman, Verg. A. 6, 877; so,

gens,

Hor. C. 4, 5, 1; id. C. S. 47:

facta,

Sil. 13, 793.—

Rōmŭlāris, e, adj., of Romulus: ficus;

v. Ruminalis: populus,

Sid. Ep. 9, 13 in carm. 2 fin. —

Rōmŭlĭdae, ārum, m., the posterity of Romulus, the Romans, Lucr. 4, 683; Verg. A. 8, 638; Pers. 1, 31; Prud. adv. Symm. 1, 6.

Rōmŭlus, a, um, v. 1. Romulus, B.

S, s, indecl. n. or (agreeing with littera) f.

The eighteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, corresponding in form to the old Greek S for S (Etruscan in a reversed form,);

in its nature a sibilant semi-vowel, whose peculiarities were much discussed by the ancients, and are even treated of in a special work by Messala, a contemporary of Augustus (Messala in libro de S littera,

Quint. 1, 7, 23; cf. Mart. Cap. 3, § 245).—

As an initial and medial it has a hard and sharp sound (which is softened, however, between two vowels), and is therefore joined only with the tenues (c, p, t; cf., on the contrary, the Gr. sbennumi);

and, as a medial, often written double after long vowels: caussa, cassus, divissiones (these forms, used by Cicero and Vergil, were already uncommon in Quintilian's time,

Quint. 1, 7, 20; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 283 sq.).—

As a final it had a weakened sound, and therefore not only admitted the medial b before it (plebs, urbs, abs; Arabs, chalybs, etc.; v. the letter B), but often entirely disappeared. So in the ante-class. poets down to the early years of Cicero (and also in his own poem, entitled Aratus, written in his youth), before words beginning with a consonant, to avoid position: Ratu' Romulus, Fulviu' Nobilior, gravi' Terra, est sati' bella, Hyperioni' cursum, Virgine' nam sibi, etc.; cf. Cic. Or. 48, 161; Quint. 9, 4, 38; and v. Freund, in Jahn's Neue Jahrb. 1835, XIII. p. 25 sq.; less freq. before words beginning with a vowel, in which case, to avoid a hiatus, the vowel before s was also elided; vas' argenteis (for vasis argenteis) and palm' et crinibus (for palmis et crinibus); v. Cic. Or. 45, 153. So, too, in the fourth Epitaph of the Scipios (Inscr. Orell. 553), L. CORNELIO L. F. instead of CORNELIOS (cf. a similar elision of the M under that letter). Final s is also elided, and the preceding vowel either dropped with it or weakened, in the forms sat from satis, mage from magis; in the neutr. forms of adjectives of the third declension, acre, agreste, facile (v. the letter E); in the collat. forms of the sec. pers. sing. pass., fatere, fateare, fatebare, etc.; in the gen. sing. of the first, second, and fifth declensions, and in the nom. plur. of the first and second declensions (aurai for aura-is, analog. to reg is, etc.). Lastly, s disappears in the (mostly familiar) collat. forms abin', scin', viden', satin', from abisne, scisne, videsne, satisne, etc.—

As an etymological initial aspirate, s appears in many words whose Greek equivalents begin with a vowel: sal, semi-, serpo, sex, super, sus, corresp. to hals, hêmi-, herpô, hex, huper, us, etc.; si (archaic sei), sero, Segesta, corresp. to ei, ERÔ (whence eirô), Egesta. Less freq. in radical words beginning with a consonant: sculpo corresp. to gluphô, and the derivatives scruta, from grutê, and scrupedae, from kroupeza. To soften the termination, s appears in abs = ab, and ex corresp. to ek.—Very freq., on the contrary, an initial s appears in cognate forms in other languages, where corresp. Latin words have lost the s: Lat. fallo, Gr. sphallô; fungus, Gr. sphongos; fides, Gr. sphidê (comp. also nix with Engl. [p. 1609] snow, nurus with old Germ. snur, daughterin-law); cf. also cutis and scutum; cauda and root sku-, in Goth. skauts, etc.; casa and Gr. skia, skênê; cerno and Gr. krinô for skirnô, skôr, skôria; calumnia and skallô; gradior and root scra-, Germ. schreiten; parco and sparnos; penuria and spanis; pando and spaô; tego and stegô; tono and stonos; taurus and Sanscr. sthūras, Germ. Stier al.; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 277 sqq.—In the middle of a word s is dropped in at from ast.—

S is interchanged,

Most freq. with r; in partic., an original s, between two vowels, becomes r; v. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Müll.; so foederum for foedesum, plurima for plusima, meliorem for meliosem, Lares for Lases, etc.; cf. eram and sum, quaero and quaeso, nasus and naris. Appius Claudius, the censor, is said to have introduced r into the names Furius, Valerius, etc., in place of s, B.C. 312 (v. the letter R, II.).—

With d: Claudius, from the Sabine Clausus; and, on the other hand, rosa, corresp. to the Gr. rhodon; cf. Schneid. Gram. 1, p. 259.—

With t: tensus and tentus, resina corresp. to rhêtinê; and, on the contrary, aggrettus for aggressus; mertare, pultare, for mersare, pulsare (perh. also assentor for assensor).—

With x; v. that letter.—

S is assimilated before f in the compounds of dis: differo, difficilis, diffluo, etc.; v. 3. dis.— On the other hand, it arises by assimilation from d, in assum, assumo, cessi, for adsum, adsumo, ced-si; from t in fassus, from fateor; from b in jussi, from jubeo; from m in pressi, from premo; from r in gessi, from gero; and dossuarius, from dorsum. —

As an abbreviation, S denotes sacrum, semis, sibi, suis, etc.; S. AS. D., sub asciā dedicavit; S. C., senatusconsultum; perh. also, sententia collegii (Inscr. Orell. 2385); S. P., sua pecunia; S. P. Q. R., Senatus Populusque Romanus, etc.