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calculis

  • 1 calculus

        calculus ī, m dim.    [2 calx], a small stone, pebble: coniectis in os calculis. — Sing collect.: dumosis calculus arvis, in the fields, V.— A stone used in reckoning: calculis subductis, computed, cast up.—A counter used in playing draughts, O. —Fig.: amicitiam ad calculos vocare, hold to a strict account: si ad calculos eum res p. vocet, L. —A voting-pebble, ballot: calculus ater, i. e. for condemnation, O.: ad illos calculos revertamur, i. e. those principles of action.
    * * *
    pebble; (bladder) stone; piece for reckoning/voting/game; calculation; counter; small weight; live coal (Def)

    Latin-English dictionary > calculus

  • 2 calculus

    calcŭlus, i, m. dim. [2. calx; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 46].
    I.
    In gen., a small stone, a pebble:

    conjectis in os calculis,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261:

    Demosthenes calculos linguā volvens dicere domi solebat,

    Quint. 11, 3, 54; Vitr. 7, 2:

    argilla et dumosis calculus arvis,

    gravel in the thorny fields, Serv. ad Verg. G. 2, 180; Plin. 4, 8, 15, § 37; 28, 9, 33, § 124.—
    B.
    Trop., of discourse:

    qui tenui venulā per calculos fluunt,

    Quint. 12, 10, 25.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    A stone in the bladder or kidneys, the gravel, stone, Cels. 7, 26:

    curare,

    Plin. 20, 21, 86, § 234:

    comminuere et eicere,

    id. 20, 4, 13, § 23; cf.

    eicere,

    Suet. Aug. 80:

    movere,

    Plin. 20, 22, 91, § 248:

    exturbare,

    id. 20, 10, 42, § 109:

    frangere,

    id. 22, 21, 29, § 59:

    rumpere,

    id. 23, 8, 80, § 153. —
    B.
    A draughtsman, a stone or counter used in playing draughts. called duodecim scripta, in which, as in chess, by driving a piece from one square to another, the person beaten could not finally move at all (ad incitas redactus est):

    in lusu duodecim scriptorum cum prior calculum promovisset, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 2, 38; cf. Ov. A. A. 2, 207; 3, 357; id. Tr. 2, 478; Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 5; Mart. 14, 20; Isid. Orig. 18, 67:

    calculorum ludus,

    Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 5, 165.—
    2.
    Trop.: calculum reducere, to take back a move: tibi concedo, quod in XII. scriptis solemus, ut calculum reducas, si te alicujus dati paenitet, Cic. ap. Non. p. 170, 28 (Hortens. Fragm. 51 B. and K.): quā re nunc saltem ad illos calculos revertamur, quos tum abjecimus, i. e. those principles of action, id. Att. 8, 12, 5.—
    C.
    A stone used in reckoning on the counting-board; hence meton., a reckoning, computing, calculating:

    calculi et rationes,

    Quint. 11, 3, 59; 7, 4, 35; 8, 3, 14;

    12, 11, 18 Spald.: calculos subducere,

    to compute, reckon, cast up, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 60:

    ponere,

    Col. 3, 3, 7:

    ponere cum aliquo,

    Plin. Pan. 20, 5:

    de posteris cogitanti in condicionibus deligendus ponendus est calculus,

    id. ib. 1, 14, 9:

    amicitiam ad calculos vocare,

    to subject to an accurate reckoning, hold to a strict account, Cic. Lael. 16, 58:

    si ad calculos eum respublica vocet,

    settles accounts, reckons, Liv. 5, 4, 7:

    revocare aliquid ad calculos,

    Val. Max. 4, 7, 1:

    ratio calculorum,

    Col. 1, 3, 8.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    cum aliquā re parem calculum ponere,

    i.e. to render equal for equal, Plin. Ep. 5, 2, 1:

    quos ego movi calculos,

    considerations which I have suggested, id. ib. 2, 19, 9.—
    D.
    In the most ancient per., a stone used in voting; a vote, sentence, decision, suffrage; a white one for assent or acquittal, a black for denial or condemnation; cf. Ov. M. 15, 41 sq.; App. M. 10, p. 242.— Hence judicialis, Imp. Just. Cod. 3, 1, 12: deteriorem reportare, i. e. an adverse decision, Impp. Diocl. et Max. Cod. 7, 62, 10:

    calculis omnibus,

    by a unanimous vote, App. M. 7, p. 191, 21.— Trop.:

    si modo tu fortasse errori nostro album calculum adjeceris,

    i. e. approve, Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 5.—
    E.
    The Thracians were accustomed to preserve the recollection of fortunate occurrences by white stones, and of unfortunate by black, Plin. 7, 40, 41, § 131.—Hence,
    2.
    Trop.:

    o diem laetum, notandumque mihi candidissimo calculo!

    i. e. a most happy day! Plin. Ep. 6, 11, 3; cf. Mart. 12, 34, 9, § 53; Pers. 2, 1 sq.—
    F.
    In late Lat., a small weight: calculus constat ex granis ciceris duobus, Auct. Ponder ap. Goes. Agr. p. 322 (in Isid. Orig. 16, 25, 8, called calcus).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > calculus

  • 3 sub-dūcō

        sub-dūcō dūxī    (subdūxtī, T.), ductus, ere, to draw away, take away, lead away, carry off, wrest, withdraw, remove: lapidibus ex turri subductis, Cs.: rerum fundamenta: capiti ensem, V.: cibum athletae: Aenean manibus Graium, V.—Of troops, to draw off, remove, transfer, detach, detail: cohortes subductae e dextro cornu, L.: subductis ordinibus, L.: copias in proximum collem, Cs.: agmen in aequiorem locum, L.—To take secretly, remove by stealth, steal, hide: subducta viatica plorat, H.: obsides furto, L.—With pron reflex., to withdraw stealthily, steal away: te mihi, T.: de circulo se: se ab ipso Volnere, O.: clam se, N.: quā se subducere colles Incipiunt, i. e. to slope down gradually, V.—To draw from under, bring from below, pull up, lift up, raise: cataractam funibus, L.: subductis (tunicis), pulled up, H.—Of ships, to haul up, bring out of water, beach: longas navīs in aridum, Cs.: naves in campo Martio subductae, L.: classis subducta ad Gytheum.—Fig., to cast up, reckon, compute, calculate, balance: summam: rationibus subductis: calculis subductus: bene subductā ratione, T.

    Latin-English dictionary > sub-dūcō

  • 4 alveus

    alvĕus, i, m. (alveum, n., ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. naustibulum, p. 169 Müll.) [alvus], a hollow, a cavity.
    I.
    In gen.:

    vitiosae ilicis alveo,

    Verg. G. 2, 453.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    A hollow, deep vessel, a basket, trough, tray; also, a deep cavity, excavation, Cato, R. R. 11, 5:

    in alveo,

    id. ib. 11, 81:

    fluitans alveus,

    Liv. 1, 4; Plin. 11, 10, 10, § 22:

    alveus scrobis,

    Col. 4, 4, 2 al. —
    B.
    The hold or hull of a ship:

    alveos navium,

    Sall. J. 18, 5:

    alvei navium quassati,

    Liv. 23, 34.—Hence (pars pro toto), a small ship, a boat, skiff:

    cavatus ex materiā alveus,

    Vell. 2, 107:

    accipit alveo Aeneam,

    Verg. A. 6, 412.—
    C.
    A hollowed gaming-board, Varr. ap. Non. 108, 33:

    alveus cum tesseris lusorius,

    Plin. 37, 2, 6, § 13; Suet. Claud. 33:

    alveo et calculis vacare,

    Val. Max. 8, 8, n. 2.—
    D.
    = alvus and alvearium, a beehive (in Pliny, alvus (Jan), q. v. II. C.):

    gens universa totius alvei consumitur,

    Col. 9, 4, 3; so id. 9, 4, 1; 9, 9, 4; App. M. 4, p. 150, 37.—
    E.
    A bathing-tub: in balneum venit... ut in alveum descenderet, etc., Auct. ad Her. 4, 10; Cic. Cael. 28.—
    F.
    The channel or bed of a river:

    fluminis alveo,

    Verg. A. 7, 33; id. G. 1, 203:

    fluminis Ritu feruntur, nunc medio alveo Cum pace delabentis etc.,

    Hor. C. 3, 29, 34:

    nec quisquam citus aeque Tusco denatat alveo,

    id. ib. 3, 7, 28 Müll. (not elsewhere):

    pleno alveo fluere,

    Quint. 2, 1, 4:

    alveo navigabile perfodere angustias,

    i. e. a canal, Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 10:

    per crepidinem alvei,

    Vulg. Exod. 2, 5:

    reversae sunt aquae in alveum suum,

    ib. Jos. 4, 18 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > alveus

  • 5 ducatus

    dŭcātus, ūs, m. [dux], military leadership, command = hêgemonia (post-Aug.), Suet. Tib. 19; Flor. 3, 21, 2; Just. 2, 15, 14; Vulg. Sirach, 7, 4:

    calculis omnibus ducatum latrones ei deferunt,

    App. M. 7, p. 191 med. —
    II.
    In gen., guidance (eccl. Lat.):

    caecus autem si caeco ducatum praestet,

    Vulg. Matt. 15, 14.—
    III.
    Transf., authority:

    quaerere a domino ducatum,

    Vulg. Sir. 7, 4 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ducatus

  • 6 subduco

    sub-dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( perf. sync. subduxti, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 25; inf. subduxe, Poët. ap. Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6), v. a., to draw from under or from below.
    I.
    Without the idea of removal.
    A.
    In gen., to draw or pull up; to lift up, raise (rare):

    brassicam ad nasum admoveto: ita subducito susum animam, quam plurimum poteris,

    Cato, R. R. 157, 15:

    aliquid sursum,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 4:

    cataractam funibus,

    Liv. 27, 28, 10: subductis (tunicis) usque ad inguen, pulled up (opp. demissis), Hor. S. 1, 2, 26: supercilia, Turp. ap. Non. 399, 30; Varr. ib. 399, 33; Sen. Ep. 48, 5; id. Ben. 1, 1, 6 al.; cf.:

    subducto voltu,

    Prop. 2, 10 (3, 1), 9.—
    B.
    In partic., naut. t. t., to draw or haul up on land (a ship out of the water;

    class. and freq.): navim in pulvinarium,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 27:

    longas naves in aridum,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 29:

    navis subducta in terrā,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 50:

    naves regiae in campo Martio subductae sunt,

    Liv. 45, 42:

    ab classe, quae Corcyrae subducta erat,

    id. 31, 22:

    classis, quae subducta esset ad Gytheum,

    Cic. Off. 3, 11, 49; so,

    naves,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 11; id. B. C. 2, 23; 3, 23 fin.; Liv. 27, 17, 6; 37, 10; 42, 27:

    classem,

    id. 45, 2 al.; Vulg. Luc. 5, 11.—
    II.
    With the idea of removal implied, to draw away from among; to take away, lead away, carry off; to withdraw, remove, etc. (class.; syn. subtraho).
    A.
    In gen.:

    ubi bullabit vinum, ignem subducito,

    Cato, R. R. 105, 1:

    lapides ex turri,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 11:

    rerum fundamenta,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 42:

    conjux fidum capiti subduxerat ensem,

    Verg. A. 6, 524:

    subduc cibum unum diem athletae,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 40:

    et sucus pecori et lac subducitur agnis,

    Verg. E. 3, 6:

    pugnae Turnum,

    id. A. 10, 615;

    so,

    id. ib. 10, 50:

    aliquem manibus Graium,

    id. ib. 10, 81:

    aliquem praesenti periculo,

    Vell. 2, 72, 5:

    se pedibus (terra),

    Lucr. 1, 1106:

    se ab ipso Vulnere (fera),

    Ov. M. 7, 781 et saep. —
    2.
    Esp.
    (α).
    To purge, evacuate:

    quoniam is cibus subduceret sensim alvum,

    Gell. 4, 11, 4; so,

    alvum,

    Cels. 3, 4.—
    (β).
    Vela celeriter, to take in, furl, Auct. B. Alex. 45, 3:

    rem de judicio,

    Dig. 10, 2, 14.—
    B.
    Milit. t. t., to draw off forces from one position to another (class.):

    cohortes aliquot subductas ex dextro cornu post aciem circumducit,

    Liv. 27, 48:

    Numidas ex mediā acie,

    id. 22, 48:

    triarios ex postremā acie,

    id. 44, 37:

    subductis ordinibus,

    id. 36, 18; cf. id. 40, 30:

    ab his centuriones omnes lectos et evocatos... in primam aciem subducit,

    Sall. C. 59, 3:

    copias in proximum collem subducit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 1, 22:

    milites pleno gradu in collem,

    Sall. J. 98, 4:

    agmen in aequiorem locum,

    Liv. 7, 34.—
    C.
    With the idea of stealth or secrecy.
    1.
    To take away secretly or by stealth, to steal, hide: Atreus quam (pecudem auream) sibi Thyestem subduxe queritur, Poët. ap. Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6:

    alicui anulum,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 81:

    subducta viatica plorat,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 54:

    post ignem aethereā domo Subductum,

    id. C. 1, 3, 30:

    nec mihi rivalis subducit certos amores,

    Prop. 1, 8, 45:

    saccularii partem subducunt, partem subtrahunt,

    Dig. 47, 11, 7:

    obsides furto,

    Liv. 9, 11:

    cubiculum subductum omnibus ventis,

    secured against, Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 10.—
    2.
    Esp., with se, me, etc., to take one's self away by stealth, withdraw, steal away:

    tempus est subducere hinc me,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 62:

    clam te subduxti mihi,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 25:

    de circulo se subduxit,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, 1:

    modo se subducere ab ipso Vulnere visa fera est,

    Ov. M. 7, 781:

    se clam,

    Nep. Alcib. 4, 4;

    Auct. B. Afr. 93, 1: at nos quaerimus illa (verba), tamquam lateant semper seseque subducant,

    Quint. 8, prooem. § 21.— Poet.:

    neve terra se pedibus subducat,

    Lucr. 1, 1106:

    quā se subducere colles Incipiunt,

    i. e. to slope down gradually, Verg. E. 9, 7; cf.

    mid.: fons subducitur,

    i. e. loses itself, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 39.—
    III.
    Trop.
    1.
    Rationem, to draw up, cast up, reckon, compute, calculate, or balance an account (by subtracting one set of items from another; class.;

    esp. freq. in Cic.): subduxi ratiunculam, Quantum aeris mihi sit, quantumque alieni siet,

    Plaut. Curc. 3, 1; cf.:

    intus subducam ratiunculam, quantillum argenti mi siet,

    id. Capt. 1, 2, 89:

    subducamus summam,

    Cic. Att. 5, 21, 11; cf.:

    assidunt, subducunt: ad numum convenit,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 12.—
    2.
    In gen.: rationem, to deliberate, calculate:

    rationibus subductis summam feci cogitationum mearum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10:

    Medea et Atreus... initā subductāque ratione nefaria scelera meditantes,

    id. N. D. 3, 29, 71; cf.: ineundis subducendisque rationibus, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 399, 16;

    for which also, calculis subductis,

    id. Fin. 2, 19, 60:

    bene subductā ratione,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 1:

    hoc quid intersit, si tuos digitos novi, certe habes subductum,

    Cic. Att. 5, 21, 31. —Hence, subductus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    (Acc. to I. A.) Raised, elevated, upturned: quod vituperones suos subducti supercilii carptores appellavit (Laevius), Gell. 19, 7, 16.—
    B.
    (Acc. to II. A. 1.) Withdrawn, removed, remote, = remotus (post-Aug. and very rare):

    terra subductior,

    Mart. Cap. 6, § 591.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > subduco

См. также в других словарях:

  • ALEAE lusus — cum ludo calculorum male a nonnullis confunditur, putantibus πεςςοὺς seu πεττοὺς Graecorum, Latinorum calculos esse. Calculorum enim lusus, idem cum Latruncuorum, apud Graecos Latinosque solis calculis peragebatur, nullis tesseris: quare Aleam… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • PALAMEDIS — in Epigramm. veteri de Tabula, Hoc opus inventor nimium Palamedis amavit, Et parili excellens Mucius ingeniô: pro Palamedes, Graece Παλαμήδης. Sic Artabassis, pro Artabasses, apud Vobisc. in Probo, c. 4. Graece Α᾿ρταβάςςης: Lyristis, apud… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • TESSERAE — nomen ludi apud Veteres multum usitati. A. Gellius, l. 1. c. 20. Κύβος est figura ex omni latere quadrata: quales sunt Tesserae, quibus in alveolo luditur: ex quo ipsae quoque appellatae κύβοι. Ubi Tesseras sive cubos a cubo denominari scribit:… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • ABACUS — I. ABACUS ,mensa in qua vasa et pocula ad cenam reponi solita. Glossae vett. Abaci delfica, Μηνιςέριον. Glossae vett. MSS. Corbeienses, Abacus vel Abax pars capitelli, vel tabula lusoria, vel mensa marmorea in qua antiqui mittebant calices.… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • CALCULATOR — I. CALCULATOR servus apud Romanos, a calculis, i. e. lapillis minutis, quos antiqui manu tenentes numeros componebant, dictus est. Ulpianus leg. 7. ff. de oper. Libert. Nam buius quoque est ministerium, si forte vel Librarius vel Miniculator vel… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • LATRONUM Lusus — idem cum Ludo Latrunculorum i. e. Calculorum, quem Graeci recentiores Ζκτρίκιον, indeque mauritani Alzatrec et Hispani Axedres vocant. Ovid. de Arte Am. l. 2. v. 207. Sive latroncinii sub imagine calculus ibit etc. Scachios hodie appellant Itali… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • SCRIPTA duodecim tabulae lusoriae — in monumento antiquo singulis lineolis et quidem rectis, explicantur: quem ludum Veter. praeclare illustravit Claud. Salmas. in Vopisc. Proculum, c. 13. Intelligendus de illo Petronius Arbiter, quum ait: Sequebatur puer cum tabula terebinthina et …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • TABULAE Lusus — apud Isidorum, Origin. l. 18. in Epigramm. veter. Tabula simpliciter, Graecis recentioribus quoque τάβλα, lusus est, qui in tabula calculis tesserisque peragebatur, Aleae nomine και ἐξοχην´ insignitus. Casum tabulae dixit Iuvenal. Sat. 1. v. 9.… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Bulle-enveloppe — et ses jetons de comptabilité, période d Uruk récent, provenant de Suse. En mésopotamie, lors de la période d Uruk (IVe millénaire av. J. C), une bulle enveloppe est une sphère d argile creuse dans laquelle on insérait des calculis et sur… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • AEGYPTIACA — I. AEGYPTIACA Πεττεία, longe operosior et ingeniosior Palamediacâ, una cum hac Graecis in usu fuit. Haec enim solis quinque calculis, quos πεςςοὺς Graeci dicunt, ab utraque ludentium parte tractabatur, absque tesseris: illa vero tota Philosophice …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • CALCULI — parvi calces, Festo, ex quo genere sunt calces, qui per diminutionem dicuntur calculi. Vide quoque Lucillium et Plautum, quibus calces sunt, quod ψῆφοι Graecis. Hinc Victor alter, c. 3. ubi de Caligula, qui in Oceani litore conchas et lapillos… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

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