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21 Frame Brussels
The number of frames used in the manufacture of a Brussels carpet to a certain extent determines the quality. Three, four or five frames are common, each frame holding 256 bobbins of yarn; so a three-frame has 256 X 3 = 768 warp threads, and five-frame 256 X 5 = 1,280 warp threads. Only 256 threads show on the face, the remainder form the back or stuffing of the carpet. Thus it will be seen that a five-frame carpet is much thicker, heavier and more durable than a four- or three-frame carpet. -
22 Axminster carpet
Brussels carpet — брюссельский ковёр, бархатный ковёр, мокет
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23 Four-Frame Brussels
The Brussels carpet with four pile warps (see Frame Brussels)Dictionary of the English textile terms > Four-Frame Brussels
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24 Byzantine Carpet
Similar to Brussels carpet with the addition of metal threads at intervals. -
25 brysselertæppe
Brussels carpet. -
26 brüksel halısı
brussels carpet -
27 брюссельский ковер
Русско-английский текстильный словарь > брюссельский ковер
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28 ковёр
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29 бархатный ковёр
1) General subject: Brussels carpet2) Textile: velvet -
30 брюссельский ковёр
General subject: Brussels carpetУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > брюссельский ковёр
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31 мокет
1) General subject: Brussels carpet2) Engineering: moquette -
32 brusselteppe
subst. Brussels carpet -
33 brysselerteppe
subst. Brussels carpet -
34 Carpets
The principal types are Axminster, Brussels and Wilton, and brief particulars of each are given below. A more detailed description is given under each name. Axminster is a cut fabric made any width and with any number of colours. It is not produced on a jacquard, therefore the pile does not show on the back. The design is developed by a series of tufts which are bound into the fabric, every tuft is on the surface and only the foundation cloth is seen at the back. There are two principal varieties of these carpets, the Chenille Axminster and the Machine tufted Axminster. The Chenille type is made by two distinct operations, that of manufacturing the chenille weft and that of weaving the carpet with this weft. The " fur or chenille is first woven on an ordinary loom (see chenille) and when cut into the strips is used as weft with a linen, jute or folded cotton warp. The chenille is made preferably with the leno way of shedding in order to bind the wool yarn more firmly. All the figuring weft is on the surface and not embedded in the fabric. The chenille weft is often inserted by hand, but several mechanical methods for doing the work are now in use. From three to six tufts per inch are usual. The chenille Axminster Carpet is also known as the Patent Axminster carpet. The machine-tufted type or Royal Axminster is also formed from pile tufts previously prepared and afterwards woven in the ground warp and bound into the fabric with a binding weft. The tufts may be inserted by hand and the pile is all on the surface of the fabric. This pile is a warp product, whereas for the chenille variety it is weft. Axminster carpets are a product of skill and patience and any number of colours can be used. There are several varieties of machine-made axminster carpets. Wilton is a cut pile fabric woven 27-in. wide from not more than six colours, the yarns are fine counts and design produced by jacquards. Brussels is made almost in the same way as a Wilton, but the pile is not cut and this shows as loops on the face. The yarn is much coarser than for Wiltons. Kidderminster - A carpet made from two or more plain cloths woven together. Each cloth is brought on the face for figuring as required. Turkish - These are hand made. The pile is put into the ground warp by hand as tufts and knotted round them according to pattern. There are two picks of ground weft between each row of pile. Tapestry - Carpets woven from printed warps. The pile is cut or left uncut as required for the design. Persian - Carpets similar to Turkish, being hand made. See also Axminster, Brussels, Kidderminster, Persian Tapestry, Turkish, Wilton Carpets, Body Brussels, Brusselette, Ingrain. -
35 Crossley, Joseph
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]b. Halifax (?), Englandd. September 1868 Halifax (?), England[br]English patentee of successful power-driven carpet looms.[br]Joseph Crossley was the second son of John, the founder of a carpet-weaving firm in Halifax. He did not figure much in public life for he was essentially a business man. It was under his direct superintendence that most of the extensions at Dean Clough Mill, Halifax, were built, and to a very great degree the successful working of the vast establishment that these mills became, covering fifteen acres, was due to him. In 1864 the firm became a limited-liability company, worth over a million pounds c.1880.The company's vital patents for the power-driven carpet looms were taken out in his name. The first, in 1850 in the names of Joseph Crossley, George Collier and James Hudson, was for weaving carpets in a manner similar to the way velvet was woven, with the pile warp threads passing over wires. After a couple of picks of weft, a wire was inserted from the side over the main warp threads but under the pile warp threads. These were lowered and another couple of weft shoots bound in the pile warp. The pile was cut with a knife running along a slot in the top of the wire, and then the wire was removed. There was a further patent in 1851, in the name of Joseph Crossley alone, for improvements in the manufacture of Brussels and cut-pile carpets. An interesting part of this patent was the use of a partly coloured warp to make patterns in the carpets. These vital patents gave the Crossley brothers their dominance in carpet weaving; production on their power looms was six times quicker than by hand. Like his brothers, one of whom was Francis Crossley, he was a great benefactor to charities. The brothers built the Crossley Orphan Home at a cost of £50,000 and endowed it with about £3,000 a year.[br]Bibliography1850, British patent no. 13,267 (power-driven carpet loom).1851, British patent no. 13,474 (improvements in manufacture of Brussels and cut-pile carpets).Further ReadingJ.Hogg (ed.), Fortunes Made in Business, London (contains an account of the firm of John Crossley \& Sons).RLH -
36 col
f.cabbage.coles de Bruselas Brussels sproutscol lombarda red cabbage* * *1 cabbage\col de Bruselas Brussels sproutcol lombarda red cabbagecol rizada curly kale* * *SF cabbagecol china — Chinese leaves pl, bok choy (EEUU)
* * *femenino (Esp, Méx) cabbage* * *= collard, cabbage.Ex. A brief history of the following classic soul foods is included: pork, peas, collard, corn or maize, yams, okra, watermelon, and peanuts.Ex. The human brain is about the size of a grapefruit and weighs about as much as a head of cabbage.----* caldo de col = cabbage soup.* col de bruselas = Brussels sprout.* col de China = Chinese cabbage.* col morada = red cabbage.* * *femenino (Esp, Méx) cabbage* * *= collard, cabbage.Ex: A brief history of the following classic soul foods is included: pork, peas, collard, corn or maize, yams, okra, watermelon, and peanuts.
Ex: The human brain is about the size of a grapefruit and weighs about as much as a head of cabbage.* caldo de col = cabbage soup.* col de bruselas = Brussels sprout.* col de China = Chinese cabbage.* col morada = red cabbage.* * *(Esp, Méx)cabbageel que quiere la col quiere las hojas de alrededor you have to take the rough with the smoothCompuestos:Brussels sproutred cabbagecurly kale● col rojared cabbage* * *
col sustantivo femenino (Esp, Méx) cabbage;
col sustantivo femenino Bot cabbage
coles de Bruselas, Brussels sprouts
' col' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
col.
- achicopalar
- acondicionar
- acta
- afán
- afanado
- aguinaldo
- alberca
- alebrestarse
- alfiler
- almacén
- amañar
- amarga
- amarrado
- ancianato
- andar
- andén
- angina
- ansia
- apersonarse
- aplicación
- aplicar
- arete
- armar
- arrecho
- aserrío
- atarantado
- atarantar
- atorrante
- aventar
- azorado
- bacenilla
- balaca
- banano
- barrio
- baúl
- bayeta
- binoculares
- blanqueador
- blof
- blofear
- bocadillo
- bohío
- bola
- bolear
- boleta
- boliche
- bolsa
- boludo
- bombillo
English:
cabbage
- coleslaw
- sprout
- back
- balloon
- ball
- banana
- bang
- bathing suit
- bin
- Biro
- black
- bleach
- blinker
- blond
- bluff
- board
- boot
- bottle
- bout
- boxer
- bra
- brace
- brain
- break
- broad
- broke
- broken-down
- brown
- Brussels
- bubble
- bulb
- bull
- cage
- can
- card
- carpet
- cat
- change
- cheer
- chute
- cigar
- clutch
- coffee
- cone
- cooker
- cram
- crap
- creep
- cuff
* * *col nfcabbage;Famentre col y col, lechuga variety is the spice of lifecol de Bruselas Brussels sprout;col lombarda red cabbage;col rizada curly kale* * *f cabbage;entre col y col, lechuga variety is the spice of life* * *col nf1) repollo: cabbage2)col de Bruselas : Brussels sprout3)col rizada : kale* * *col n cabbage¿te gusta la col? do you like cabbage? -
37 Col
col sustantivo femenino (Esp, Méx) cabbage;
col sustantivo femenino Bot cabbage
coles de Bruselas, Brussels sprouts ' col' also found in these entries: Spanish: col. - achicopalar - acondicionar - acta - afán - afanado - aguinaldo - alberca - alebrestarse - alfiler - almacén - amañar - amarga - amarrado - ancianato - andar - andén - angina - ansia - apersonarse - aplicación - aplicar - arete - armar - arrecho - aserrío - atarantado - atarantar - atorrante - aventar - azorado - bacenilla - balaca - banano - barrio - baúl - bayeta - binoculares - blanqueador - blof - blofear - bocadillo - bohío - bola - bolear - boleta - boliche - bolsa - boludo - bombillo English: cabbage - coleslaw - sprout - back - balloon - ball - banana - bang - bathing suit - bin - Biro - black - bleach - blinker - blond - bluff - board - boot - bottle - bout - boxer - bra - brace - brain - break - broad - broke - broken-down - brown - Brussels - bubble - bulb - bull - cage - can - card - carpet - cat - change - cheer - chute - cigar - clutch - coffee - cone - cooker - cram - crap - creep - cufftr['kɜːnəl]( title) (= Colonel) CnelABBR1) (Mil)= Colonel Cnel., Cor.Col. T. Richard — (on envelope) Cnel. T. Richard, Cor. T. Richard
2) (US)= Colorado* * *( title) (= Colonel) Cnel -
38 col
col sustantivo femenino (Esp, Méx) cabbage;
col sustantivo femenino Bot cabbage
coles de Bruselas, Brussels sprouts ' col' also found in these entries: Spanish: col. - achicopalar - acondicionar - acta - afán - afanado - aguinaldo - alberca - alebrestarse - alfiler - almacén - amañar - amarga - amarrado - ancianato - andar - andén - angina - ansia - apersonarse - aplicación - aplicar - arete - armar - arrecho - aserrío - atarantado - atarantar - atorrante - aventar - azorado - bacenilla - balaca - banano - barrio - baúl - bayeta - binoculares - blanqueador - blof - blofear - bocadillo - bohío - bola - bolear - boleta - boliche - bolsa - boludo - bombillo English: cabbage - coleslaw - sprout - back - balloon - ball - banana - bang - bathing suit - bin - Biro - black - bleach - blinker - blond - bluff - board - boot - bottle - bout - boxer - bra - brace - brain - break - broad - broke - broken-down - brown - Brussels - bubble - bulb - bull - cage - can - card - carpet - cat - change - cheer - chute - cigar - clutch - coffee - cone - cooker - cram - crap - creep - cufftr['kɜːnəl]( title) (= Colonel) Cnel[kɔl]ABBR = column col* * *( title) (= Colonel) Cnel -
39 Crossley, Sir Francis
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]b. 26 October 1817 Halifax, Englandd. 5 January 1872 Belle Vue, Halifax, England[br]English developer of a power loom for weaving carpets.[br]Francis Crossley was the youngest of three brothers employed in their father's carpet-weaving business in Halifax and who took over the running of the company on their father's death in 1837. Francis seems to have been the one with technical ability, for it was he who saw the possibilities of weaving by power. Growth of the company was rapid through his policy of acquiring patents and then improving them, and it was soon at the forefront of the carpet-manufacturing trade. He had taken out rights on the patents of John Hill of Manchester, but his experiments with Hill's looms for weaving carpets were not successful.In the spring of 1850 Francis asked a textile inventor, George Collier of Barnsley, to develop a power loom for carpet manufacture. Collier produced a model that was a distinct advance on earlier looms, and Francis engaged him to perfect a power loom for weaving tapestry and Brussels carpets. After a great deal of money had been expended, a patent was taken out in 1850 in the name of his brother, Joseph Crossley, for a loom that could weave velvet as well as carpets and included some of the ideas of the American E.B. Bigelow. This new loom proved to be a great advance on all the earlier ones, and thus brought the Crossleys a great fortune from both sales of patent rights and the production of carpets from their mills, which were soon enlarged.According to the Dictionary of National Biography, Francis Crossley was Mayor of Halifax in 1849 and 1850, but Hogg gives this position to his elder brother John. In 1852 Francis was returned to Parliament as the Liberal member for Halifax, and in 1859 he became the member for the West Riding. Among his benefactions, in 1855 he gave to the town of Halifax a twelve-acre park that cost £41,300; a statue of him was erected there. In the same year he endowed twenty-one almshouses. In 1863 a baronetcy was conferred upon him in recognition of his commercial and public services, which he continued to perform until his death. In 1870 he gave the London Missionary Society £20,000, their largest single donation up to that time, and another £10,000 to the Congregational Pastor's Retiring Fund. He became ill when on a journey to the Holy Land in 1869, but although he made a partial recovery he grew worse again towards the end of 1871 and died early in the following year. He left £800,000 in his will.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsBaronet 1863.Further ReadingObituary, 1872, The Times 6 January.Dictionary of National Biography.J.Hogg (ed.), n.d., Fortunes Made in Business, London (provides an account of Crossley's career).RLH -
40 Bigelow, Erastus Brigham
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]b. 2 April 1814 West Boyleston, Massachusetts, USAd. 6 December 1879 USA[br]American inventor of power looms for making lace and many types of carpets.[br]Bigelow was born in West Boyleston, Massachusetts, where his father struggled as a farmer, wheelwright, and chairmaker. Before he was 20, Bigelow had many different jobs, among them farm labourer, clerk, violin player and cotton-mill employee. In 1830, he went to Leicester Academy, Massachusetts, but he could not afford to go on to Harvard. He sought work in Boston, New York and elsewhere, making various inventions.The most important of his early inventions was the power loom of 1837 for making coach lace. This loom contained all the essential features of his carpet looms, which he developed and patented two years later. He formed the Clinton Company for manufacturing carpets at Leicester, Massachusetts, but the factory became so large that its name was adopted for the town. The next twenty years saw various mechanical discoveries, while his range of looms was extended to cover Brussels, Wilton, tapestry and velvet carpets. Bigelow has been justly described as the originator of every fundamental device in these machines, which were amongst the largest textile machines of their time. The automatic insertion and withdrawal of strong wires with looped ends was the means employed to raise the looped pile of the Brussels carpets, while thinner wires with a knife blade at the end raised and then severed the loops to create the rich Wilton pile. At the Great Exhibition in 1851, it was declared that his looms made better carpets than any from hand looms. He also developed other looms for special materials.He became a noted American economist, writing two books about tariff problems, advocating that the United States should not abandon its protectionist policies. In 1860 he was narrowly defeated in a Congress election. The following year he was a member of the committee that established the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.[br]Further ReadingNational Cyclopedia of American Biography III (the standard account of his life). F.H.Sawyer, 1927, Clinton Item (provides a broad background to his life).C.Singer (ed.), 1958, A History of Technology, Vol. V, Oxford: Clarendon Press (describes Bigelow's inventions).RLHBiographical history of technology > Bigelow, Erastus Brigham
См. также в других словарях:
Brussels carpet — Brussels Brus sels, n. A city of Belgium, giving its name to a kind of carpet, a kind of lace, etc. [1913 Webster] {Brussels carpet}, a kind of carpet made of worsted yarn fixed in a foundation web of strong linen thread. The worsted, which alone … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Brussels carpet — Carpet Car pet (k[aum]r p[e^]t), n. [OF. carpite rug, soft of cloth, F. carpette coarse packing cloth, rug (cf. It. carpita rug, blanket), LL. carpeta, carpita, woolly cloths, fr. L. carpere to pluck, to card (wool); cf. Gr. karpo s fruit, E.… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Brussels carpet — n. [after BRUSSELS, where it was made] a patterned carpeting made of small loops of colored woolen yarn in a linen warp … English World dictionary
Brussels carpet — a carpet made with three ply or four ply worsted yarn drawn up in uncut loops to form a pattern over the entire surface (body Brussels), or made of worsted or woolen yarns on which a pattern is printed (tapestry Brussels). [1790 1800] * * *… … Universalium
Brussels carpet — noun Etymology: Brussels, Belgium Date: 1799 a carpet made of colored worsted yarns first fixed in a foundation web of strong linen thread and then drawn up in loops to form the pattern … New Collegiate Dictionary
brussels carpet — /brʌsəlz ˈkapət/ (say brusuhlz kahpuht) noun a kind of worsted carpet woven on a Jacquard loom, in which uncut loops form a heavy pile. {from Brussels} …
Brussels carpet — n. a carpet with a wool pile and a stout linen back. Etymology: Brussels in Belgium … Useful english dictionary
Brussels carpet — Brus′sels car′pet n. tex a carpet with a design formed by pile loops of colored wool or yarns Compare tapestry carpet Etymology: 1790–1800 … From formal English to slang
Brussels carpet — noun a carpet with a heavy woollen pile and a strong linen back … English new terms dictionary
Brussels — Brus sels, n. A city of Belgium, giving its name to a kind of carpet, a kind of lace, etc. [1913 Webster] {Brussels carpet}, a kind of carpet made of worsted yarn fixed in a foundation web of strong linen thread. The worsted, which alone shows on … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Brussels ground — Brussels Brus sels, n. A city of Belgium, giving its name to a kind of carpet, a kind of lace, etc. [1913 Webster] {Brussels carpet}, a kind of carpet made of worsted yarn fixed in a foundation web of strong linen thread. The worsted, which alone … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English