be+like

noun "tree" Letters:308, SD:302: "when smaller and more slender like a birch or rowan", Etym stem ÓR-NI: "tree, high isolated tree". For the etymology, see Letters:426; for original difference in meaning between ornë and alda, see alda. In ornemalin "tree-yellow"; see laurelindórenan lindelorendor... LotR2:III ch. 4; cf. Letters:308, also as final element in malinornë “yellow-tree, mallorn” q.v. Masc. name Ornendil *"Tree-friend" Appendix A, compound Ornelië “tree-folk” Quenya name of the Galadhrim, the tree-people of Lórien TI:239.

also hér noun "lord, master" PM:210, KHER, LT1:272, VT44:12; Letters:283 gives hér heru; the form Héru with a long vowel refers to God in the source where it appears i Héru "the Lord", VT43:29. In names like Herumor *"Black Lord" and Herunúmen "Lord of the West" SA:heru. The form heruion is evidently a gen.pl. of heru "lord": *"of the lords" SD:290; herunúmen "Lord-of-West" LR:47, title of Manwë. Pl. númeheruvi "Lords-of-West" *"West-lords" in SD:246, a title of the Valar; does this form suggest that \#heruvi is the regular plural of heru?

or tar-, element meaning "king" or "queen" in compounds and names TĀ/TA3, e.g. Valatar; compare the independent nouns tár, tári. Prefix Tar- especially in the names of the Kings and Queens of Númenor e.g. Tar-Amandil; see their individual names like Amandil in this case, cf. also Tar-Mairon “King Excellent”, title used by Sauron PE17:183. Also in Tareldar "High-elves"; see also Tarmenel.

noun "king" PE16:138, LT1:260; rather aran in LotR-style Quenya, but cf. the verb tur-. Also compare the final element -tur, -ntur "lord" in names like Axantur, Falastur, Fëanturi, Vëantur q.v.

suffix "-less", also -viltë evidently endings used to derive adjectives like "lifeless" GL:23 The ending -lóra appears with the same meaning in Tolkien's later Quenya.

"maiden" as suffix, a frequent ending in feminine names like Eärwen *"Sea-maiden" SA:wen. Early "Qenya" also has -wen, feminine patronymic *"daughter of" LT1:271, 273, but the patronymic ending seems to be -iel "-daughter" in Tolkien's later Quenya.

ending that Tolkien likened to Old English "-wine", sc. "-friend" as part of names, e.g. Elendil, Eärendil NIL/NDIL; see the entry -ndil. Also long -dildo VT46:4, and possibly -ndilmë as the corresponding feminine form see Vardilmë. also -dil ending occurring in many names, like Amandil, Eärendil; it implies devotion or disinterested love and may be translated "friend" SA:noundil; this ending is "describing the attitude of one to a person, thing, course or occupation to which one is devoted for its own sake" Letters:386. Compare -ndur. It is unclear whether the names derived with the ending -ndil are necessarily masculine, though we have no certain example of a woman's name in -ndil; the name Vardilmë q.v. may suggest that the corresponding feminine ending is -ndilmë.

adjectival ending "-less", also -valta evidently endings used to derive adjectives like "lifeless" GL:23. Rather -lóra in Tolkien's later Quenya.

adj. "fiery" from UR; this stem was struck out in Etym, but several words that must be derived from it occur in LotR, so it seems that Tolkien restored it. The word úruva also occurred in early "Qenya"; in LT1:271 it is glossed "like fire".

1 adj. "exalted, lofty" PM:354, “high, noble” PE17:118, 147; cf. names like Artaher, Artanis. 2 noun "fort, fortress" GARAT under 3AR 3 adv. ”etcetera” PE17:71; see ta \#4. 4 prep. "across, athwart" LT2:335, perhaps rather olla in Tolkien’s later Quenya.

vb. "run" quoted in form yurin, translated "runs", but within Tolkien's later framework it looks like a 1st person aorist "I run" -QL:106 cf. entry YUR in Etym

1 prep "between" Nam, RGEO:67, VT47:11, PE17:92. This is "between" referring to a gap, space, barrier, or anything intervening between two other things, like or unlike one another compare enel. The pluralized form imbi implies "among" of several things ancalima imbi eleni "brightest among stars"; "in the sense 'among' before plurals imbë is usually pluralized imbi even when a plural noun follows". As pointed out by Patrick Wynne, imbi may also be used in the sense of "between" before two singular nouns connected by "and" as in the example imbi Menel Cemenyë "between heaven and earth", whereas imbë is used before dual forms, as in the examples imbë siryat "between two rivers", imbë met "between us". Elided imb' in the phrase imb' illi "among all" VT47:11, 30. A dual form imbit is also mentioned, used to express "in absolute form the sense 'between two things' when these are not named" apparently meaning that imbit expresses *"between them" referring to two entities, with no noun following VT47:30, PE17:92 2 noun "dell, deep vale" VT45:18, ”wide ravine between high mountain sides” PE17:92 3 adv. "inwards" obsoleted by \#1 and \#2 above?. Changed by Tolkien from imba VT45:18

2 intensive or superlative prefix carrying the idea of "very" or "most", seen in ancalima "most bright" cf. calima "bright", antara "very high, very lofty" and \#anyára *"very old" or *"oldest" the latter form occurring in the so-called Elaine inscription VT49:40, there with the dative ending -n. Assimilated to am- before p-, as in amparca "k" "very dry", and to al-, ar-, as- before words in l-, r-, s- though Tolkien seems to indicate that before words in l- derived from earlier d, the original quality of the consonant would be preserved so that forms in and- rather than all- would result. See also un-. Letters:279, VT45:5, 36 Regarding the form of the superlative prefix before certain consonants, another, partially discrepant system was also set down in the Etymologies and first published in VT45:36. The prefix was to appear as um- or un- before labialized consonants like p-, qu-, v- the consonant v preserving its ancient pronunciation b- following the prefix, thus producing a word in umb-, as in- technically iñ- before c- and g- the latter presumably referring to words that originally had initial g-, later lost in Quenya but evidently preserved following this prefix, and as an- otherwise. However, this system would contradict the canonical example ancalima, which would have been *incalima if Tolkien had maintained this idea. – In a post-LotR source, the basic form of the prefix is given as am- instead see am- \#2. In this late conception, the prefix still appears as an- before most consonants, but as ama- before r, l, and the form an- is used even before s- whether original or from þ, not the assimilated variant as- described above. General principles would suggest that the form am- should also appear before y- so the form \#anyára probably presupposes an- rather than am- as the basic form of the prefix, Tolkien revisiting the earlier concept in the Elaine inscription. PE17:92 3 prefix "re" in antúlien, q.v. LotR-style Quenya shows en- instead.

waiya also vaia, waia noun "envelope", especially of the Outer Sea or Air enfolding the world within the Ilurambar or world-walls WAY, capitalized Vaiya under GEY; the latter entry was struck out. In a "Qenya" text in MC:214, vaiya is simply translated "sky". In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, vaiya / waiya was also the name of a tengwa letter that does not appear in Tolkien's later table, but which was apparently intended to have the value w v, like the letter wilya vilya in the later, canonical system VT46:21. According to Arden R. Smith, the form of the pre-classical letter is a variant of \#21, which letter Tolkien would later call vala VT46:32.

"k"vb."sprout, put forth leaves or flowers" LT1:258; this would have to become *lohta- in LotR-style Quenya, but later forms like losta- "to bloom" and tuia- "to sprout, spring" are to be preferred.

noun "one with very great knowledge, a 'wizard' ", applied only to great sages of the Eldar in Valinor, like Rúmil PM:360

noun "silver" in one example with generalized meaning “money”, PE14:54, telep- in some compounds like Teleporno; assimilated telem- in Telemnar and the adj. telemna KYELEP/TELEP, SA:celeb, LT1:255, 268; also tyelpë, telep-, UT:266. The true Quenya descendant of primitive ¤kyelepē is tyelpë, but the Telerin form telpë was more common, "for the Teleri prized silver above gold, and their skill as silversmiths was esteemed even by the Noldor" UT:266. In various names: Telperion the White Tree of Valinor; Telperien "Telperiën", fem. name including telp- "silver" Appendix A; Telperinquar "Silver-fist, Celebrimbor" SA:celeb - also Tyelperinquar; Telporno, Teleporno "Silver-high" = Sindarin Celeborn Letters:347, UT:266. It seems that Teleporno is properly Telerin, Quenyarized as Telporno. – Compare adjectives telemna, telpina, telepsa, telepta q.v.

noun "maid" GWEN, wendë vendë "maiden" WEN/WENED, VT45:16, VT47:17. Sana wendë “that maiden” PE16:96 cf. 90. According to VT47:17, this word for "maiden" is "applied to all stages up to the fully adult until marriage".Early "Qenya" also had wendi "maid, girl" LT1:271; this may look like a plural form in Tolkien’s later Quenya. On the other hand, VT48:18 lists a word wendi "young or small woman, girl". It is unclear whether this is Quenya or a Common Eldarin form, but probably the former: PE17:191 displays the word for “maiden” as wendē, so the Quenya stem form is probably *wende- rather than wendi-, the stem-form that would result from Common Eldarin *wendi. In his Quenya translation of the Sub Tuum Praesidium, Tolkien used Wendë/Vendë to translate "virgin" with reference to the Virgin Mary. Here the plural genitive Wenderon appears in the phrase Wendë mi Wenderon "Virgin of Virgins"; we might have expected *Wendion instead VT44:18.If the pl. form of wendë is *wender rather than wendi, as the gen.pl. wenderon suggests, this may be to avoid confusion with the sg. wendi “girl”.

also -dur, ending in some names, like Eärendur; as noted by Christopher Tolkien in the Silmarillion Appendix it has much the same meaning as -ndil "friend"; yet -ndur properly means "servant of" SA:noundil, "as one serves a legitimate master: cf. Q. arandil king's friend, royalist, beside arandur 'king's servant, minister'. But these often coincide: e.g. Sam's relation to Frodo can be viewed either as in status -ndur, in spirit -ndil." Letters:286

"k"pa.t. vb.? *"saw" ??? The phrase úri kilde hísen níe nienaite is translated "the Sun with wet eyes dropped tears of mist", literally perhaps something like *"the Sun saw through misty tears tearfully"??? MC:221; this is "Qenya"; cf. cildo