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41 патентная пошлина
1. patent annuity2. patent fee3. patent feesРусско-английский большой базовый словарь > патентная пошлина
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42 Carlson, Chester Floyd
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 8 July 1906 Seattle, Washington, USAd. 19 September 1968 New York, USA[br][br]Carlson studied physics at the California Institute of Technology and in 1930 he took a research position at Bell Telephone Laboratories, but soon transferred to their patent department. To equip himself in this field, Carlson studied law, and in 1934 he became a patent attorney at P.R.Mallory \& Co., makers of electrical apparatus. He was struck by the difficulty in obtaining copies of documents and drawings; indeed, while still at school, he had encountered printing problems in trying to produce a newsletter for amateur chemists. He began experimenting with various light-sensitive substances, and by 1937 he had conceived the basic principles of xerography ("dry writing"), using the property of certain substances of losing an electrostatic charge when light impinges on them. His work for Mallory brought him into contact with the Battelle Memorial Institute, the world's largest non-profit research organization; their subsidiary, set up to develop promising ideas, took up Carlson's invention. Carlson received his first US patent for the process in 1940, with two more in 1942, and he assigned to Battelle exclusive patent rights in return for a share of any future proceeds. It was at Battelle that selenium was substituted as the light-sensitive material.In 1946 the Haloid Company of Rochester, manufacturers of photographic materials and photocopying equipment, heard of the Xerox copier and, seeing it as a possible addition to their products, took out a licence to develop it commercially. The first Xerox Copier was tested during 1949 and put on the market the following year. The process soon began to displace older methods, such as Photostat, but its full impact on the public came in 1959 with the advent of the Xerox 914 Copier. It is fair to apply the overworked word "revolution" to the change in copying methods initiated by Carlson. He became a multimillionaire from his royalties and stock holding, and in his last years he was able to indulge in philanthropic activities.[br]Further ReadingObituary, 1968, New York Times, 20 September.R.M.Schaffert, 1954, "Developments in xerography", Penrose Annual.J.Jewkes, 1969, The Sources of Invention, 2nd edn, London: Macmillan, pp. 405–8.LRD -
43 Berliner, Emile
SUBJECT AREA: Recording[br]b. 20 May 1851 Hannover, Germanyd. 3 August 1929 Montreal, Canada[br]German (naturalized American) inventor, developer of the disc record and lateral mechanical replay.[br]After arriving in the USA in 1870 and becoming an American citizen, Berliner worked as a dry-goods clerk in Washington, DC, and for a period studied electricity at Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, New York. He invented an improved microphone and set up his own experimental laboratory in Washington, DC. He developed a microphone for telephone use and sold the rights to the Bell Telephone Company. Subsequently he was put in charge of their laboratory, remaining in that position for eight years. In 1881 Berliner, with his brothers Joseph and Jacob, founded the J.Berliner Telephonfabrik in Hanover, the first factory in Europe specializing in telephone equipment.Inspired by the development work performed by T.A. Edison and in the Volta Laboratory (see C.S. Tainter), he analysed the existing processes for recording and reproducing sound and in 1887 developed a process for transferring lateral undulations scratched in soot into an etched groove that would make a needle and diaphragm vibrate. Using what may be regarded as a combination of the Phonautograph of Léon Scott de Martinville and the photo-engraving suggested by Charles Cros, in May 1887 he thus demonstrated the practicability of the laterally recorded groove. He termed the apparatus "Gramophone". In November 1887 he applied the principle to a glass disc and obtained an inwardly spiralling, modulated groove in copper and zinc. In March 1888 he took the radical step of scratching the lateral vibrations directly onto a rotating zinc disc, the surface of which was protected, and the subsequent etching created the groove. Using well-known principles of printing-plate manufacture, he developed processes for duplication by making a negative mould from which positive copies could be pressed in a thermoplastic compound. Toy gramophones were manufactured in Germany from 1889 and from 1892–3 Berliner manufactured both records and gramophones in the USA. The gramophones were hand-cranked at first, but from 1896 were based on a new design by E.R. Johnson. In 1897–8 Berliner spread his activities to England and Germany, setting up a European pressing plant in the telephone factory in Hanover, and in 1899 a Canadian company was formed. Various court cases over patents removed Berliner from direct running of the reconstructed companies, but he retained a major economic interest in E.R. Johnson's Victor Talking Machine Company. In later years Berliner became interested in aeronautics, in particular the autogiro principle. Applied acoustics was a continued interest, and a tile for controlling the acoustics of large halls was successfully developed in the 1920s.[br]Bibliography16 May 1888, Journal of the Franklin Institute 125 (6) (Lecture of 16 May 1888) (Berliner's early appreciation of his own work).1914, Three Addresses, privately printed (a history of sound recording). US patent no. 372,786 (basic photo-engraving principle).US patent no. 382,790 (scratching and etching).US patent no. 534,543 (hand-cranked gramophone).Further ReadingR.Gelatt, 1977, The Fabulous Phonograph, London: Cassell (a well-researched history of reproducible sound which places Berliner's contribution in its correct perspective). J.R.Smart, 1985, "Emile Berliner and nineteenth-century disc recordings", in WonderfulInventions, ed. Iris Newson, Washington, DC: Library of Congress, pp. 346–59 (provides a reliable account).O.Read and W.L.Welch, 1959, From Tin Foil to Stereo, Indianapolis: Howard W.Sams, pp. 119–35 (provides a vivid account, albeit with less precision).GB-N -
44 Cookworthy, William
SUBJECT AREA: Domestic appliances and interiors[br]b. 1705 Kings bridge, Devon, Englandd. 16 October 1780 Plymouth, England[br]English pioneer of porcelain manufacture in England.[br]The family fortunes having been extinguished by the South Sea Bubble of 1720, Cookworthy and his brother had to fend for themselves. They set up, and succeeded, in the pharmacy trade. At the age of 31, however, William left the business, and after a period of probation he became a minister in the Society of Friends. In a letter of 5 May 1745, Cookworthy mentions some samples of kaolin and china or growan stone that had been brought to him from Virginia. He found similar materials at Treginning Hill in Cornwall, and between 1755 and 1758 he found sufficiently pure china clay and china stone to make a pure white porcelain. Cookworthy took out a patent for his discovery in 1768 which covered the manufacture of porcelain from moonstone or growan and growan clay, with a glaze made from china stone to which lime and fern ash or magnesia alba (basic carbonate of magnesium) were added. Cookworthy's experiments had been carried out on the property of Lord Camelford, who later assisted him, in the company of other Quakers, in setting up a works at Coxside, Plymouth, to manufacture the ware; the works employed between fifty and sixty people. In the absence of coal, Cookworthy resorted to wood as fuel, but this was scarce, so in 1770 he transferred his operation to Castle Green, Bristol. However, he had no greater success there, and in 1773 he sold the entire interest in porcelain manufacture to Richard Champion (1743–91), although Cookworthy and his heirs were to receive royalties for ninety-nine years. Champion, who had been working with Cookworthy since 1764 and was active in Bristol city affairs, continued the firm as Richard Champion \& Co., but when in 1775 Champion tried to renew Cookworthy's patent, Wedgwood and other Staffordshire potters challenged him. After litigation, the use of kaolin and china stone was thrown open to general use. The Staffordshire potters made good use of this new-found freedom and Champion was forced to sell the patent to them and dispose of his factory the following year. The potters of Staffordshire said of Cookworthy, "the greatest service ever conferred by one person on the pottery manufacturers is that of making them acquainted with china clay".[br]Further ReadingW.Harrison, 1854, Memoir of William Cookworthy by His Grandson, London. F.S.Mackenna, 1946, Cookworthy's Plymouth and Bristol Porcelain, Leigh on Sea: Lewis.A.D.Selleck, 1978, Cookworthy 1705–80 and his Circle, privately published.LRD -
45 Lauste, Eugène Augustin
[br]b. 1857 Montmartre, France d. 1935[br]French inventor who devised the first practicable sound-on-film system.[br]Lauste was a prolific inventor who as a 22-year-old had more than fifty patents to his name. He joined Edison's West Orange Laboratory as Assistant to W.K.L. Dickson in 1887; he was soon involved in the development of early motion pictures, beginning an association with the cinema that was to dominate the rest of his working life. He left Edison in 1892 to pursue an interest in petrol engines, but within two years he returned to cinematography, where, in association with Major Woodville Latham, he introduced small but significant improvements to film-projection systems. In 1900 an interest in sound recording, dating back to his early days with Edison, led Lauste to begin exploring the possibility of recording sound photographically on film alongside the picture. In 1904 he moved to England, where he continued his experiments, and by 1907 he had succeeded in photographing a sound trace and picture simultaneously, each image occupying half the width of the film.Despite successful demonstrations of Lauste's system on both sides of the Atlantic, he enjoyed no commercial success. Handicapped by lack of capital, his efforts were finally brought to an end by the First World War. In 1906 Lauste had filed a patent for his sound-on-film system, which has been described by some authorities as the master patent for talking pictures. Although this claim is questionable, he was the first to produce a practicable scund-on-film system and establish the basic principles that were universally followed until the introduction of magnetic sound.[br]Bibliography11 August 1906, with Robert R.Haines and John S.Pletts, British Patent no. 18,057 (sound-on-film system).Further ReadingThe most complete accounts of Lauste's work and the history of sound films can be found in the Journal of the Society of Motion Picture (and Television) Engineers.For an excellent account of Lauste's work, see the Report of the Historical Committee, 1931, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engin eers 16 (January):105–9; and Merritt Crawford, 1941, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers, 17 (October) 632–44.For good general accounts of the evolution of sound in the cinema, see: E.I.Sponable, 1947, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers 48:275–303 and 407–22; E.W.Kellog, 1955, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers 64:291–302 and 356–74.JWBiographical history of technology > Lauste, Eugène Augustin
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46 derecho2
2 = entitlement, law, right.Ex. Community education is another form of outreach that aims to educate the public about the availability of services that can help them, about their entitlement to benefits, or about their rights under the law.Ex. The social sciences class, 300, subsumes Economics, Politics, Law and Education.Ex. Access to information is a fundamental right of citizenship, in fact, the fourth right, following in the footsteps of civil rights, political rights and social rights.----* bibliografía de derecho = legal bibliography.* biblioteca de derecho = law library.* bibliotecario de biblioteca de derecho = law librarian.* biblioteconomía para las bibliotecas de derecho = law librarianship.* carta de derechos = charter of rights.* carta de derechos humanos = charter of human rights.* colección de derecho = law collection.* colección de libros de derecho en una prisión = prison law library.* conceder el derecho al voto = enfranchise.* con derecho a voto = eligible to vote.* con derecho de autor = copyright-protected.* con derechos de autor = copyrightable, royalty-paid.* con pleno derecho = with full rights.* conseguir el derecho para = win + the right to.* dar derecho a = entitle to.* Declaración de Derechos = Bill of Rights.* Declaración de los Derechos del Usuario = Library Bill of Rights.* de derecho = de jure [iure].* de derecho pero no de hecho = in name only.* defender los derechos de Uno = stand up for + Posesivo + rights.* defensor de los derechos de los animales = animal rights campaigner.* defensor de los derechos de los animales = animal rights activist.* defensor de los derechos de los ciudadanos = citizen activist.* defensor de los derechos humanos = human rights activist, human rights campaigner.* de pleno derecho = in + Posesivo + own right, rightful.* derecho administrativo = administrative law.* derecho a independizarse, el = right to secede, the.* derecho a la lectura = right to read.* derecho a la libertad de expresión = right to free speech, right of free speech.* derecho a la muerte = right to die.* derecho a la privacidad = privacy right.* derecho a la vida = right to live.* derecho a leer = right to read.* derecho al veto = veto power.* derecho al voto = suffrage, voting rights, right to vote, the.* derecho a vivir = right to live.* derecho a votar = suffrage, voting rights, right to vote, the.* derecho a voto = voting rights, suffrage, right to vote, the.* derecho básico = natural right, basic right.* derecho canónico = canon law.* derecho civil = civil law.* derecho comunitario = Community law.* derecho constitucional = constitutional right, constitutional law.* derecho consuetudinario = common law.* derecho de acceso = access right.* derecho de acceso a la información = right of access to information.* derecho de alquiler = rental right.* derecho de autor de la Corona = Crown copyright.* derecho de grabación de ondas sonoras o televisivas = off-air recording right.* derecho de la comunidad = community right.* derecho del consumidor = consumer law.* derecho del individuo = individual's right.* derecho del trabajo = employment law.* derecho de nacimiento = birthright.* derecho de paso = the right of way, right of entry.* derecho de patentes = patent law.* derecho de préstamo = lending right.* derecho de reproducción = reprographic right.* derecho de retención = lien.* derecho de servidumbre = easement.* derecho de sucesión = inheritance law.* derecho de voto = suffrage, voting rights, right to vote, the.* derecho divino = divine right, divine law.* derecho eclesiástico = ecclesiastical law.* derecho eterno = eternal right.* derecho exclusivo = exclusive right.* derecho humano = human right.* derecho inalienable = inalienable right, birthright, unalienable right.* derecho internacional = international law.* derecho laboral = employment law.* derecho legal = legal right.* derecho medioambiental = environmental law.* derecho natural = natural right, natural law.* derecho penal = criminal law, penal law.* derecho preferente de compra = preemption [pre-emption].* derecho público = civic right, public law.* derechos = rights.* derechos afines = neighbouring rights.* derechos cívicos = civil rights.* derechos civiles = civil rights, civil liberties.* derechos de aduana = customs duties.* derechos de amarre = moorage.* derechos de atraque = moorage.* derechos de autor = copyright, royalty [royalties, -pl.].* derechos de la mujer = women's rights.* derechos de la propiedad intelectual = intellectual property rights.* derechos del ciudadano = civil liberties.* derechos del consumidor = consumer rights [consumers' rights].* derechos de licencia = licensing rights.* derechos de los animales = animal rights.* derechos democráticos = democratic rights.* derechos de patente = patent rights.* derechos de propiedad = property rights.* derechos de reproducción = reproduction rights.* derechos en materia de procreación = reproductive rights.* derechos humanos específicos de la mujer = human rights of women.* derechos individuales = individual rights.* derecho soberano = sovereign right.* derecho sobre el préstamo al público (PLR) = public lending right (PLR).* derechos políticos = political rights.* derechos reproductivos = reproductive rights.* derechos sociales = social rights.* ejercer un derecho = exercise + right.* estado de derecho = rule of law.* facultad de derecho = law school.* hacer valer sus derechos = assert + Posesivo + rights.* igualdad de derechos = equal rights, equality of rights.* individualización de los derechos = individualisation of rights.* infracción del derecho de autor = copyright infringement.* infringir un derecho = infringe + right, violate + right.* instrucción sobre los derechos de los ciudadanos = community education.* ley de derechos de autor = copyright law.* Ley del Derecho a la Privacidad = privacy law, privacy protection law, Privacy Act.* libre de derechos de autor = royalty-free.* libro de derecho = law book.* luchar por los derechos = campaign for + rights.* material protegido por el derecho de autor = copyright material, copyrighted material.* mención de derecho de autor = statement of copyright.* movimiento en defensa de los derechos de la mujer = women's rights movement.* movimiento en defensa de los derechos de los animales = animal rights movement.* movimiento por los derechos civiles = civil rights movement.* obra amparada por el derecho de autor = copyright work.* obtener el derecho para = win + the right to.* oficina de derechos de autor = copyright office.* pagar derechos reales = pay + royalty.* propietario de los derechos de autor = rightholder.* protegido por el derecho de autor = copyrighted, copyright-protected.* reclamar el derecho a Algo = stake + Posesivo + claim.* reivindicar el derecho de Uno = stake + Posesivo + claim.* reservados todos los derechos = all rights reserved.* reservarse el derecho de = reserve + the right to.* respetar un derecho = respect + right.* sociedad de gestión de derechos de autor = copyright collective, copyright collecting society, copyright collecting agency.* tarifa de derechos de autor = royalty charge.* tener derecho a = be entitled to, have + a right to, entitle to, have + the right to, have + a say in.* tener derecho a expresar + Posesivo + opinión = be entitled to + Posesivo + own opinion.* tener derecho de paso = have + the right of way.* tener el derecho de = have + the right to.* titular del derecho = payee entitled.* titular del derecho de autor = rights-holder [rightsholder], copyright holder.* titular de los derechos de autor = rights-owner.* todos los derechos reservados = all rights reserved.* violación del derecho de la gente a + Nombre = invasion of people's right to + Nombre.* violación de los derechos humanos = violation of human rights, human rights abuse.* violar los derechos = invade + rights.* violar un derecho = infringe + right, violate + right. -
47 ley
f.law (norma, precepto).de buena ley reliable, sterlingley marcial martial lawley de la oferta y la demanda law of supply and demandla ley de la selva the law of the jungle* * *2 (de metal) purity\aprobar una ley to pass a billcon todas las de la ley proper¡es ley de vida! that's life!, that's the way the cookie crumbles!estar fuera de la ley to be outside the lawhecha la ley, hecha la trampa whatever the law, there's always a loophole, laws are made to be brokenpor ley by lawla ley del más fuerte the law of the jungleley del embudo double standards pluralley marcial martial lawley orgánica constitutional lawley sálica Salic lawley seca prohibition law* * *noun f.1) law2) purity* * *SF1) (=precepto) lawaprobar o votar una ley — to pass a law
de acuerdo con la ley, según la ley — in accordance with the law, by law, in law
con todas las de la ley —
quieren crear una fundación con todas las de la ley — they want to set up a fully-fledged charitable trust
va a protestar, y con todas las de la ley — he's going to complain and rightly so
quiere celebrar su aniversario con todas las de la ley — she wants to celebrate her anniversary in style
ley de fugas, se le aplicó la ley de fugas — he was shot while trying to escape
2) (=regla no escrita) lawley de la calle — mob law, lynch law
ley del Talión — ( Hist) lex talionis; (fig) (principle of) an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth
3) (=principio científico) lawley natural — (Fís) law of nature; (Ética) natural law
4) (Dep) rule, law5) (Rel)la ley de Dios — the rule of God, God's law
6) (Metal)oro de ley — pure gold, standard gold
7) † (=lealtad) loyalty, devotiontener/tomar ley a algn — to be/become devoted to sb
* * *1) ( disposición legal) lawes ley de vida — it is a fact of life
hacerle la ley del hielo a alguien — (Chi, Méx) to give somebody the cold shoulder
la ley de la selva or de la jungla — the law of the jungle
la ley del mínimo esfuerzo — the line of least resistance
morir en su ley — (Andes) to die as one lived
ley pareja no es dura — (CS) a rule isn't unfair if it applies to everyone
- ley seca2) ( justicia)con todas las de la ley: ganó con todas las de la ley she won very deservedly; una comida con todas las de la ley a proper meal; una democracia con todas las de la ley — a fully-fledged democracy
3) (Fís) law4) (de oro, plata) assay value* * *= bill, law, legislative enactment, act.Ex. The conference debated a library bill which aims to set up public libraries in all municipalities with over 30,000 inhabitants.Ex. A catalogue code is a systematic arrangement of laws and statutes so as to avoid inconsistency and duplication in catalogues.Ex. Apply this rule to legislative enactments and decrees of a political jurisdiction and decrees of a chief executive having the force of law.Ex. This act allowed for the establishment of town libraries, which were free and open to all ratepayers and provided by funds from local rates.----* acatar la ley = follow + the law.* acatar las leyes = keep on + the right side of the law.* al borde de la ley = on the edge of the law.* al margen de la ley = extra-judicial.* ante la ley = at law.* anteproyecto de ley = draft of legislation, draft bill.* aprobar una ley = pass + law, pass + legislation, pass + bill.* ausencia de ley = anomie.* autoridad sancionadora de ley = enactor of law.* castigar con todo el peso de la ley = punish + to the full extent of the law.* confección de leyes = law-making [lawmaking/law making].* con todas las de la ley = full-bodied, full-fledged, full-scale.* con todo el peso de la ley = to the full extent of the law.* contravenir la ley = contravene + the law, break + the law.* contravenir una ley = be in breach of + law.* creación de leyes = rulemaking [rule-making].* creador de leyes = rule-maker [rulemaker].* cumplidor de las leyes = law abiding.* cumplir la ley = observe + the law.* de acuerdo con la ley = according to law.* de ley = kosher.* dentro de la ley = within the law.* elaboración de leyes = rulemaking [rule-making].* espíritu de la ley, el = spirit of the law, the.* formulación de leyes = rulemaking [rule-making].* hacer cumplir la ley = law enforcement, enforce + law, legal enforcement.* hacer las leyes más estrictas = tighten + laws.* infractor de la ley = scofflaw.* infringir la ley = break + the law.* infringir una ley = infringe + law, violate + law, breach + law, be in breach of + law.* interpretar la ley = interpret + the law.* interpretar la ley según le convenga mejor a Uno = bend + the rules to suit + Posesivo + own purposes, bend + the rules, circumvent + rules.* ir en contra de la ley = be against the law.* legislación por decreto ley = delegated legislation.* ley antigua = ancient law.* ley antiterrorista = terrorism act.* ley consuetudinaria = customary law.* ley cósmica = cosmic law.* ley de bibliotecas = library law.* ley de bibliotecas, la = library act, the.* ley de copyright = copyright law.* ley de derechos de autor = copyright law.* ley de dispersión = law of scattering.* Ley de Dispersión de Bradford = Bradford's distribution law, Bradford's Law of Scatter, Bradford's Law of Scattering.* ley de frecuencias de palabras de Zipf = Zipf's word frequency law.* ley de la gravedad, la = law of gravity, the.* ley de la oferta y la demanda = law of supply and demand.* ley de la selva, la = law of the jungle, the.* Ley del Derecho a la Privacidad = privacy law, privacy protection law, Privacy Act.* ley del más fuerte, la = law of the jungle, the, law of the jungle, the, survival of the fittest, survival of the strongest.* Ley de los Medicamentos Raros, la = Orphan Drug Act, the.* ley de los rendimientos decrecientes = law of diminishing returns.* Ley de Lotka, la = Lotka's Law.* ley del secreto industrial = trade secret law.* ley de Pareto = Pareto's law.* ley de pesos y medidas = weights and measures act.* ley de productividad científica de Lotka = Lotka's scientific productivity law.* Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, la = intellectual property law, Copyright Act, the.* ley de relación exponencial inversa al cuadrado = inverse square law.* ley de relación exponencial inversa al cubo = inverse cube law.* ley de responsabilidad por el producto = product liability law.* Ley de Simplificación de los Procesos Administrativos = Paperwork Reduction Act.* ley de sucesión = inheritance law.* ley de vida = fact of life, laws of nature.* ley draconiana = draconian law.* leyes = the law of the land.* leyes científicas = laws of physics.* leyes contra la difamación = laws of libel.* leyes de la ciencia = laws of physics.* leyes de la física = laws of physics.* leyes de la naturaleza = nature's laws, laws of nature.* leyes sobre la igualdad = equity laws.* leyes sobre patentes = patent law.* leyes vigentes = the law of the land.* ley exponencial = power law.* ley exponencial inversa = inverse power law.* ley marcial = martial law.* Ley Patriótica, La = USA Patriot Act, the.* ley penal = penal law.* ley sobre contratos = contract law.* ley sucesoria = inheritance law.* ley tribal = tribal law.* ley tributaria = tax bill.* no infringir las leyes = stay on + the right side of the law, keep on + the right side of the law.* obedecer la ley = observe + the law, follow + the law.* organismo encargado de hacer cumplir la ley = law enforcing agency.* por ley = mandated.* promulgar leyes = enact + legislation.* promulgar una ley = enact + law, promulgate + rule, promulgate + law.* proteger por ley = protect by + law.* proyecto de ley = green paper, legislative bill.* quebrantar la ley = break + the law.* rechazar una ley = defeat + legislation.* redactar leyes = draft + legislation.* redactar una ley = draft + law.* respetar la ley = observe + the law.* respetar las leyes = stay on + the right side of the law, keep on + the right side of the law.* respetuoso de la ley = law abiding.* saltarse la ley a la torera = flout + the law.* ser responsable ante la ley = be criminally liable.* tener problemas con la ley = fall + foul of the law, go + afoul of the law, fall + afoul of the law.* transgresor de la ley = lawbreaker.* valor de ley = force of law.* violación de la ley = breach of legislation.* violar una ley = violate + law, break + the law, be in breach of + law.* * *1) ( disposición legal) lawes ley de vida — it is a fact of life
hacerle la ley del hielo a alguien — (Chi, Méx) to give somebody the cold shoulder
la ley de la selva or de la jungla — the law of the jungle
la ley del mínimo esfuerzo — the line of least resistance
morir en su ley — (Andes) to die as one lived
ley pareja no es dura — (CS) a rule isn't unfair if it applies to everyone
- ley seca2) ( justicia)con todas las de la ley: ganó con todas las de la ley she won very deservedly; una comida con todas las de la ley a proper meal; una democracia con todas las de la ley — a fully-fledged democracy
3) (Fís) law4) (de oro, plata) assay value* * *= bill, law, legislative enactment, act.Ex: The conference debated a library bill which aims to set up public libraries in all municipalities with over 30,000 inhabitants.
Ex: A catalogue code is a systematic arrangement of laws and statutes so as to avoid inconsistency and duplication in catalogues.Ex: Apply this rule to legislative enactments and decrees of a political jurisdiction and decrees of a chief executive having the force of law.Ex: This act allowed for the establishment of town libraries, which were free and open to all ratepayers and provided by funds from local rates.* acatar la ley = follow + the law.* acatar las leyes = keep on + the right side of the law.* al borde de la ley = on the edge of the law.* al margen de la ley = extra-judicial.* ante la ley = at law.* anteproyecto de ley = draft of legislation, draft bill.* aprobar una ley = pass + law, pass + legislation, pass + bill.* ausencia de ley = anomie.* autoridad sancionadora de ley = enactor of law.* castigar con todo el peso de la ley = punish + to the full extent of the law.* confección de leyes = law-making [lawmaking/law making].* con todas las de la ley = full-bodied, full-fledged, full-scale.* con todo el peso de la ley = to the full extent of the law.* contravenir la ley = contravene + the law, break + the law.* contravenir una ley = be in breach of + law.* creación de leyes = rulemaking [rule-making].* creador de leyes = rule-maker [rulemaker].* cumplidor de las leyes = law abiding.* cumplir la ley = observe + the law.* de acuerdo con la ley = according to law.* de ley = kosher.* dentro de la ley = within the law.* elaboración de leyes = rulemaking [rule-making].* espíritu de la ley, el = spirit of the law, the.* formulación de leyes = rulemaking [rule-making].* hacer cumplir la ley = law enforcement, enforce + law, legal enforcement.* hacer las leyes más estrictas = tighten + laws.* infractor de la ley = scofflaw.* infringir la ley = break + the law.* infringir una ley = infringe + law, violate + law, breach + law, be in breach of + law.* interpretar la ley = interpret + the law.* interpretar la ley según le convenga mejor a Uno = bend + the rules to suit + Posesivo + own purposes, bend + the rules, circumvent + rules.* ir en contra de la ley = be against the law.* legislación por decreto ley = delegated legislation.* ley antigua = ancient law.* ley antiterrorista = terrorism act.* ley consuetudinaria = customary law.* ley cósmica = cosmic law.* ley de bibliotecas = library law.* ley de bibliotecas, la = library act, the.* ley de copyright = copyright law.* ley de derechos de autor = copyright law.* ley de dispersión = law of scattering.* Ley de Dispersión de Bradford = Bradford's distribution law, Bradford's Law of Scatter, Bradford's Law of Scattering.* ley de frecuencias de palabras de Zipf = Zipf's word frequency law.* ley de la gravedad, la = law of gravity, the.* ley de la oferta y la demanda = law of supply and demand.* ley de la selva, la = law of the jungle, the.* Ley del Derecho a la Privacidad = privacy law, privacy protection law, Privacy Act.* ley del más fuerte, la = law of the jungle, the, law of the jungle, the, survival of the fittest, survival of the strongest.* Ley de los Medicamentos Raros, la = Orphan Drug Act, the.* ley de los rendimientos decrecientes = law of diminishing returns.* Ley de Lotka, la = Lotka's Law.* ley del secreto industrial = trade secret law.* ley de Pareto = Pareto's law.* ley de pesos y medidas = weights and measures act.* ley de productividad científica de Lotka = Lotka's scientific productivity law.* Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, la = intellectual property law, Copyright Act, the.* ley de relación exponencial inversa al cuadrado = inverse square law.* ley de relación exponencial inversa al cubo = inverse cube law.* ley de responsabilidad por el producto = product liability law.* Ley de Simplificación de los Procesos Administrativos = Paperwork Reduction Act.* ley de sucesión = inheritance law.* ley de vida = fact of life, laws of nature.* ley draconiana = draconian law.* leyes = the law of the land.* leyes científicas = laws of physics.* leyes contra la difamación = laws of libel.* leyes de la ciencia = laws of physics.* leyes de la física = laws of physics.* leyes de la naturaleza = nature's laws, laws of nature.* leyes sobre la igualdad = equity laws.* leyes sobre patentes = patent law.* leyes vigentes = the law of the land.* ley exponencial = power law.* ley exponencial inversa = inverse power law.* ley marcial = martial law.* Ley Patriótica, La = USA Patriot Act, the.* ley penal = penal law.* ley sobre contratos = contract law.* ley sucesoria = inheritance law.* ley tribal = tribal law.* ley tributaria = tax bill.* no infringir las leyes = stay on + the right side of the law, keep on + the right side of the law.* obedecer la ley = observe + the law, follow + the law.* organismo encargado de hacer cumplir la ley = law enforcing agency.* por ley = mandated.* promulgar leyes = enact + legislation.* promulgar una ley = enact + law, promulgate + rule, promulgate + law.* proteger por ley = protect by + law.* proyecto de ley = green paper, legislative bill.* quebrantar la ley = break + the law.* rechazar una ley = defeat + legislation.* redactar leyes = draft + legislation.* redactar una ley = draft + law.* respetar la ley = observe + the law.* respetar las leyes = stay on + the right side of the law, keep on + the right side of the law.* respetuoso de la ley = law abiding.* saltarse la ley a la torera = flout + the law.* ser responsable ante la ley = be criminally liable.* tener problemas con la ley = fall + foul of the law, go + afoul of the law, fall + afoul of the law.* transgresor de la ley = lawbreaker.* valor de ley = force of law.* violación de la ley = breach of legislation.* violar una ley = violate + law, break + the law, be in breach of + law.* * *A (disposición legal) lawconforme a la leyor según disponen las leyes in accordance with the lawpromulgar/dictar una ley to promulgate/issue a lawaprobar/derogar una ley to pass/repeal a lawaplicar una ley to apply a lawse acogió a la ley de ciudadanía he sought protection under the citizenship lawviolar la ley to break the lawatenerse a la ley to abide by o obey the lawes ley de vida it is a fact of lifehacerle la ley del hielo a algn (Chi, Méx); to give sb the cold shoulderla ley de la selva or de la jungla the law of the junglela ley del más fuerte the survival of the fittestla ley del mínimo esfuerzo the line of least resistancela ley del Talión an eye for an eyeaplicar la ley del Talión to demand an eye for an eyemorir en su ley ( Andes); to die as one livedhecha la ley hecha la trampa or quien hace la ley hace la trampa every law has its loopholeley pareja no es dura or rigurosa (CS); a rule isn't unfair if it applies to everyoneCompuestos:(en Esp) ≈ immigration laws (pl)(Andes, Méx): aplicarle a algn la ley de fuga(s) the practice of allowing a prisoner to escape and then shooting him/her in the backadvantage ruleunfair law/ruleorganic law● ley secala ley seca Prohibitiontax lawB(justicia): la ley the lawtodos somos iguales ante la ley we are all equal in the eyes of the law o under the lawun representante de la ley a representative of the lawcon todas las de la ley: ganó con todas las de la ley she won very fairly o rightly o deservedlyun almuerzo con todas las de la ley a proper o real lunchCompuestos:martial lawSalic lawC1 (regla natural) lawlas leyes de la física the laws of physics2 ( Bib) lawCompuestos:law of gravitylaw of supply and demandfpl Mendel's laws (pl)D (de oro, plata) assay valuede buena ley genuine* * *
ley sustantivo femenino
1 ( en general) law;
iguales ante la ley equal in the eyes of the law;
ley de la oferta y la demanda law of supply and demand;
la ley del más fuerte the survival of the fittest;
ley pareja no es dura (CS) a rule isn't unfair if it applies to everyone
2 (de oro, plata) assay value
ley sustantivo femenino law
Rel la ley del aborto, the abortion law
la ley judía/cristiana, Jewish/Christian law
ley marcial, martial law
una ley de protección del patrimonio artístico, a law on artistic heritage protection
la ley de la selva, the law of the jungle
Pol proyecto de ley, bill
♦ Locuciones: es una persona de ley, he's a reliable person
oro de ley, pure gold
plata de ley, sterling silver
' ley' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acogerse
- adelante
- anteproyecto
- anular
- anulación
- aplicarse
- aprobar
- calle
- codificar
- decreto
- derogación
- dictar
- estatuto
- formular
- hallar
- igualdad
- impugnar
- infringir
- LOGSE
- observar
- oposición
- oro
- plata
- proscrita
- proscrito
- proyecto
- radical
- reformar
- regir
- relajar
- respetar
- retroactiva
- retroactivo
- rigor
- sálica
- sálico
- sancionar
- selva
- someterse
- supresión
- suprimir
- tabla
- talión
- título
- universal
- vigencia
- vigente
- vigor
- violar
- violación
English:
act
- apply
- arm
- bill
- breach
- break
- bring in
- carry
- date back to
- date from
- defy
- effect
- enact
- enforce
- equal
- fingertip
- frame
- framework
- full-fledged
- go through
- implement
- infringe
- infringement
- introduce
- introduction
- jungle
- keep
- law
- legal
- letter
- liberal
- move
- muscle
- obey
- observance
- observe
- pass
- passing
- provoke
- repeal
- repudiate
- reversal
- revival
- revive
- scope
- section
- sod
- stand
- state
- statutory
* * *ley nf1. [norma] law;[parlamentaria] act;hecha la ley, hecha la trampa laws are made to be broken;leyes [derecho] lawley de extranjería immigration law;ley de fugas = illegal execution of prisoner, pretending that he was shot while trying to escape;ley fundamental basic law, constitutional law;ley de incompatibilidades = act regulating which other positions may be held by people holding public office;ley marcial martial law;Pol ley marco framework law; Pol ley orgánica organic law; Hist ley sálica Salic law;ley seca prohibition law;Dep ley de la ventaja advantage (law);aplicar la ley de la ventaja to play the advantage2. [precepto religioso] lawla ley coránica Koranic law;la ley judía Jewish law3. [principio] lawFam ley del embudo one law for oneself and another for everyone else;la ley del más fuerte the survival of the fittest;la ley del mínimo esfuerzo: [m5] seguir la ley del mínimo esfuerzo to take the line of least resistance;ley natural law of nature;ley de la oferta y de la demanda law of supply and demand;la ley de la selva the law of the jungle;la ley del talión an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth;no cree en la ley del talión she doesn't believe in “an eye for an eye”;ley de vida: [m5] es ley de vida it's a fact of life4.la ley [la justicia] the law;la igualdad ante la ley equality before the law;Famcon todas las de la ley: ganaron con todas las de la ley they won fair and square;ser de ley [situación] to be right and proper;[persona] to be totally trustworthy [plata] sterling;de buena ley reliable, sterling;de mala ley crooked, disreputable* * *f law;es la ley del más fuerte might is right;una ley no escrita an unwritten law;con todas las de la ley fairly and squarely* * *ley nf1) : lawfuera de la ley: outside the lawla ley de gravedad: the law of gravity2) : purity (of metals)oro de ley: pure gold* * *ley n law -
48 Ashley, Howard Matravers
[br]b. 1841d. 1914 England[br]English inventor of the semi-automatic bottle-making machine.[br]Ashley, manager of an iron foundry at Ferrybridge, Yorkshire, began trying to construct a bottle-making machine in the 1880s. In 1886 he obtained a patent for a two-stage machine. This proved to be impracticable, but improvements were described in further patents in 1887 and 1889, leading to a three-stage process, embodying the basic elements of a machine to make narrow-necked glass bottles. The Ashley (Machine-Made) Bottle Company was set up to exploit the invention, but had failed by 1894 due to poor management, although it had claimed to make bottles in a tenth of the time taken to make them by hand. Ashley had shown the way, however, and his machines were still producing good bottles in 1918. The process was a stage along the way to complete mechanization brought about by M.J. Owens's machine.[br]BibliographyAshley took out nine British patents during 1886–90, including: 2 July 1886, British patent no. 8,677 (two-stage bottle-making machine).Further ReadingR.E.Moody, 1985, "A century of mechanical bottle making", Glass Technology 26 (2): 109 ff.LRDBiographical history of technology > Ashley, Howard Matravers
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49 грамота
ж.1) ( умение читать и писать) literacy; reading and writingучи́ться гра́моте — learn to read and write
учи́ться гра́моте и счёту — learn reading, writing and arithmetic, learn the three R's
не знать гра́моты — be unable to read and write
2) (элементарные знания, навыки) skills pl; basic knowledgeполити́ческая гра́мота — rudiments of political knowledge pl
но́тная гра́мота — ability to read musical notes
компью́терная гра́мота — (basic) computer skills pl
3) ( официальный документ) (formal) document; deedратификацио́нная гра́мота дип. — instrument of ratification
вери́тельные гра́моты дип. — credentials
охра́нная гра́мота — charter of immunity
пате́нтная / жа́лованная гра́мота — letters patent; charter
почётная / похва́льная гра́мота — letter of commendation
берестяны́е гра́моты — см. берестяной
••фи́лькина гра́мота разг. — ≈ useless scrap of paper
кита́йская гра́мота — см. китайский
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50 право прав·о
юр.аннулировать права — to annul / to nullify rights
восстанавливать в правах — to rehabilitate (smb.)
давать право одному государству совершать действия на территории другого государства — to give to a state the right to perform certain acts on the territory of another state
дать (кому-л.) право — to give (smb.) a title
затрагивать (чьи-л.) права — to involve (smb.'s) rights
злоупотреблять (своими) правами — to abuse the rights
иметь право — to have / to possess the right (to), to be entitled (to), to be eligible (for); to be vested with the right
иметь право исповедовать любую религию или не исповедовать никакой — to have the right to profess or not to profess any religion
иметь право стать членом (какой-л. организации) — to be eligible for membership
лишиться / утрачивать права — to forfeit
наносить ущерб (чьим-л.) правам — to prejudice (smb.'s) rights
не иметь права вмешиваться в обсуждение (какого-л.) вопроса — to have no say in the matter, not to be entitled to the discussion
обладать правами — to enjoy / to have rights
обрести право — to qualify (for)
оговаривать право в отношении (чего-л.) — to reserve the right with regard (to smth.)
ограничивать права — to curtail / to restrict (smb.'s) rights
оспаривать право — to dispute / to contest a right
оставить (за собой) право сделать (что-л.) — to reserve the right to do (smth.)
осуществлять (свои) права — to exercise (one's) rights
отказать (кому-л.) в праве — to deny (smb.) the right
отказаться от (своего) права — to renounce / to resign / to abandon / to surrender (one's) right (to)
отказаться от права выступить — to forgo / to waive one's right to speak
отстаивать (свои) права — to assert / to stand upon (one's) rights
подтвердить права (жителей) — to underpin the rights (of inhabitants)
пользоваться правами — to exercise / to enjoy one's rights поступаться (своим) правом to waive (one's) right
посягать на (чьи-л.) права — to invade (smb's) rights, to infringe on / upon (smb.'s) rights
предоставлять права — to confer rights (upon), to grant / to accord / to give rights (to), to entitle, to enable, to empower
предоставлять (кому-л.) право сделать что-л. (преим. о законодательстве) — to enable (smb.) to do smth.
присваивать (себе) право — to arrogate (to oneself) a right
расширять права — to broaden / to expand the rights
реализовать (своё) право — to exercise (one's) right
сохранять (за собой) право сделать что-л. — to reserve the right (to do smth.)
требовать причитающегося по праву — to claim a / one's right
уважать права и законные интересы (других) лиц — to respect the rights and lawful interests of (other) persons
уравнивать в право ах — to give / to grand equal rights (to smb.), to equalize (smb.) in rights
урезать права — to curtail (smb.'s) rights
ущемлять права — to derogate from (smb.'s) right
ущемлять законные права и интересы — to infringe (on) ligitimate rights and interests
"бумажное право" (право, существующее на бумаге) — paper title
естественное право — natural law / right
законное право — legitimate right, valid title
борьба за законные права — struggle for (one's) legitimate rights
избирательное право — vote, electoral right, suffrage, elective franchise, electorship
всеобщее, равное и прямое избирательное право при тайном голосовании — universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot
лишённый избирательного права — voteless, nonvoter
избирательное право для женщин — female / women's suffrage
лишение избирательных прав — deprivation of electoral rights, disenfranchisement
имеющий право быть избранным — electable, eligible
имеющий право выбирать — elective, eligible
имеющий право выдвижения собственной кандидатуры или избрания самого себя (на какой-л. пост, в члены организации) — self-elective
имущественные права — property rights, vested interests
исключительное право — exclusive / sole / prerogative right, monopoly, prerogative, absolute title
исключительное право на учреждение предприятия / фирмы — exclusive right of establishment
монопольное право — exclusive / monopoly / sole right
неотъемлемое право — inalienable / inherent / undeniable right
облекающий правом (преим. о законе) — enabling
общее / совместное право — right of common
основные права — basic / fundamental rights
особое право, предоставленное правительством или монархом — franchise
лишать политических прав — to denude / to deprive (smb.) of political rights
преимущественное право — preference, priority / underlying, preferential right, right of priority
признанные права — acquired / vested rights
на равных правах — enjoying / exercising equal rights
предоставить специальные права — to confer (on smb.) special rights
осуществлять (свои) суверенные права — to exercise (one's) sovereign rights
феодальное право ист. — feudal law
защита прав — defence / protection of rights
коллизия права (противоречие между нормами различных правовых систем по одному и тому же вопросу) — conflict of laws
лицо, имеющее право на обратный переход к нему имущества — reversioner
лица, ограниченные в праве передвижения — restrictees
лицо, отказавшееся от (каких-либо) прав в пользу другого лица — releasor
лицо, получившее право на возмещение ущерба — recoveror
нарушение / ущемление прав — infringement / violation of rights
отказ от прав — abandonment of rights, quitclaim
положение, принадлежащее по праву — rightful position
право ангарии, право воюющей стороны на захват — right of angary
право беспрепятственного / мирного прохода — right of innocent passage
право вето — right of veto, veto power, negative voice
право владения, пользования и распоряжения — right of possession, enjoyment and disposal
право выбирать (свой собственный) путь (развития) — right of nations to choose their own path / way (of development)
право выгрузки пассажиров, багажа, грузов и почты — right to discharge passengers, baggage, cargo and mail
право выезда / выхода — egress
право, выработанное судами — judge-made law
право, вытекающее из (факта) владения — title by possession
права, вытекающие из данного договора — rights under the treaty
право вышестоящего суда пересмотреть приговор или решение нижестоящего суда — appellate jurisdiction
право голоса / участия в выборах / голосовании — voting right, franchise one's right to vote
лишать права голоса — to exclude (smb.) from the poll, to deprive of the right to vote, to disfranchise
лишать выборщика права голоса — to disqualify an elector, to disfranchise
право государств на суверенитет над своими природными ресурсами — right of nations of sovereignty over their natural resources
равные права граждан всех рас и национальностей — equal rights of citizens of all races and nationalities
права заимствования / на получение кредита (в МВФ) — drawing rights (in IMF)
специальные права заимствования, СПЗ — special drawing rights, SDR
право заключать коллективные договоры — right to collective bargaining, right to conclude collective agreements
право законодательной инициативы — right of legislative initiative, power to initiate legislation
социально-экономические, политические и личные права и свободы — social, economic, political and personal rights and freedoms
право инспекции / осмотра — right of inspection
право мирного прохода через территориальные воды — freedom of inoffensive passage through the maritime belt
право на вмешательство / на интервенцию — right of intervention
право на возвращение (своих) природных ресурсов — right to reclaim (one's) natural resources
право на выход из состава участников (соглашения, договора и т.п.) — right of withdrawal
право на гражданство — right to citizenship / nationality
право на домовую церковь (для посла) / свободного отправления религиозного культа в особом помещении посольства или миссии — right of Chapel
право на жизнь, свободу и личную неприкосновенность — right to life, liberty and security of person
права на интеллектуальную и промышленную собственность — intellectual and industrial property rights
право на материальное обеспечение в старости в случае болезни и потери трудоспособности — right to material security in old age, sickness and disability
право на национализацию или передачу владения своим гражданам — right to nationalization or transfer of ownership to its nationals
право на ответ / на ответное слово — right of reply
используя право на ответ / в порядке осуществления права на ответ — in exercise of (one's) right of reply
отказаться от права на ответ — to waive (one's) right to reply
право на получение информации (журналистами) / право быть осведомлённым — right to know разг.
право на разработку минеральных ресурсов / полезных ископаемых — mineral rights
права на репатриацию иностранных капиталовложений / прибылей — repatriation right
право на самооборону — right of / to self-defence
право на свободу убеждений и свободное их выражение / свободу слова — right to freedom of opinion and expression
право на связь / на использование связи — right of communication
право на социальное обеспечение — right to social security / insurance
право на существование — right to exist, right of existence
иметь право на что-л. (в силу собственных заслуг, способностей, создавшегося положения) — in one's own right
право навигации / судоходства — navigation right
право народов на свободное и независимое развитие — right of nations to free and independent development
право наследования — right of succession / to inherit
право наций на самоопределение вплоть до государственного отделения — right of nations to self-determination up to and including separation
право обжаловать действия должностных лиц — the right to lodge a complaint against the actions of officials
право, основанное на давности (его использования) — prescriptive right
права, осуществляемые (по чьему-л.) полномочию — vicarious power / authority
права, относящиеся к предоставлению убежища — rights relating to asylum
право погрузки пассажиров, багажа, грузов и почты — right to pick up passengers, baggage, cargo and mail
право покидать любую страну, включая свою собственную, и возвращаться в свою страну — right to leave any country including one's own and to return to one's country
право по рождению / в силу происхождения — birthright
право посольства / представительства — right of legation
право, признанное судом справедливости — equities
право принимать и назначать дипломатических представителей — right of reception and mission of diplomatic envoys
право принимать пассажиров, направляющихся на территорию (какого-л.) государства — privilege to take on passengers for the territory of a state
право проезда / прохода — right of passage
право рыболовства — right of fishery / fishing
право свободно выбирать (себе) местожительство — right to freedom of residence
право свободного доступа (к чему-л.) — freedom of access (to smth.)
право собственности — title, property right, right of ownership
права собственности или квазисобственности — proprietary or quasi-proprietary rights
неоспоримое право собственности — marketable / merchantable / good title
право собственности, приобретённое завладением — title by occupancy
право ссылаться на основание недействительности договора — right to invoke a ground for invalidating a treaty
право ссылаться на основание прекращения договора — right to invoke a ground for terminating a treaty
право ссылаться на основание приостановления действия договора — right to invoke a ground for suspending the operation of a treaty
право транзита / транзитного прохода — right of transit
право убежища — right of asylum, rights of sanctuary, sanctuary rights
права человека — human rights, rights of mankind
защита прав человека — defence / protection of human rights
нарушение прав человека — repsession / supression / violation of human rights
право (на осуществление) юрисдикции — right of jurisdiction
утрата права на... — loss of a right to...
2) мн. (свидетельство) licence3) (совокупность законов и постановлений) law, ruleвнутригосударственное право — national law, municipal jurisprudence
государственное право — state / political / public / constitutional law
нарушения государственных или общественных прав и интересов — public wrongs
применяемое в вооружённых конфликтах гуманитарное право — humanitarian rules relating to armed conflicts
договорное право — law of treaties, contract law
дополнительное, субсидиарное право — appendant
каноническое право — canon law, the Canon
космическое право — outer space / cosmic law
крепостное право ист. — serfdom
кулачное право, право сильного — fist law
международное право — international law, law of nations
игнорировать общепризнанные нормы международного права — to disregard generally recognized norms of international law
несовместимость с нормами международного права — incompatibility with the norms / rules of international law
морское право — law of the sea, maritime / naval law
морское призовое право — maritime / naval prize
общее / обычное право — common / customary / consuetudinary law
прецедентное право — law of precedent, case law
торговое право — merchant / commercial law, law-merchant
уголовное право — criminal / penal law
нарушение / несоблюдение норм права — contempt of the law
-
51 Aufgabe
Aufgabe f 1. COMP task; 2. GEN job, task; 3. PAT abandonment; 4. PERS task, job, duty, responsibility, function (Arbeit, Pflicht); 5. RECHT disclaimer, discontinuance; 6. KOMM function (TKG) • sich etw. zur Aufgabe machen GEN make sth one’s business, make sth one’s job* * *f 1. < Comp> task; 2. < Geschäft> job, task; 3. < Patent> abandonment; 4. < Person> Arbeit, Pflicht task, job, duty, responsibility, function; 5. < Recht> disclaimer, discontinuance; 6. < Komm> TKG function ■ sich etw. zur Aufgabe machen < Geschäft> make sth one's business, make sth one's job* * *Aufgabe
(Angelegenheit) business, concern, (auferlegte Arbeit) task, (Aufgeben) abolition, departure, (Forderung) resignation, (Pflicht) duty, function, office, job, part, responsibility, (Preisgabe) relinquishment, release, waiver, renunciation, abandonment;
• einer Aufgabe nicht gewachsen unequal to a task;
• absatzwirtschaftliche Aufgaben marketing functions;
• nach dem Dienstplan anfallende Aufgaben rostered duties;
• berufliche Aufgabe job assignment;
• doppelte Aufgabe double function;
• ehrenamtliche Aufgaben honorary duties;
• einkommensteuerliche Aufgabe personal income-tax job;
• erste Aufgabe (Kapitalmarkt) first-rate borrower;
• gemeinsame europäische Aufgabe a common European task;
• friedenserhaltende Aufgabe (WEU) peace-keeping mission;
• gesamtgesellschaftliche Aufgabe general social task;
• im Augenblick gestellte Aufgabe task at hand;
• grundsätzliche Aufgaben basic functions;
• humanitäre Aufgabe (WEU) humanitarian task;
• informatorische Aufgaben erfüllen to handle information;
• geistig interessierende Aufgabe work that interests;
• kapitalmarktpolitische Aufgaben objectives of capital market policy;
• kommunalpolitische Aufgabe local government jobs (Br.);
• staatliche Aufgaben governmental duties;
• unternehmerische Aufgabe company task;
• vordringliche Aufgabe priority objective;
• vordringlichste Aufgabe priority task, top priority job;
• wichtigste Aufgabe primary business;
• Zeit raubende Aufgabe time-consuming task;
• Aufgabe eines Amtes vacation of an office;
• Aufgabe von Ansprüchen relinquishment (abandonment) of claims, backdown (fam.);
• Aufgabe einer Anzeige insertion (placing) of an advertisement;
• Aufgaben des Bankgeschäfts banker’s functions;
• Aufgaben und Befugnisse functions and powers;
• Aufgabe einer Bestellung placing of an order;
• Aufgaben der Betriebsleitung managerial functions;
• Aufgabe eines Briefes posting (Br.) (mailing, US) a letter, (Sinn) purport of a letter;
• Aufgabe des Gepäcks booking of luggage (Br.), checking of baggage (US);
• Aufgabe eines Geschäfts giving up business, breaking up of an establishment, closing down, (Ruhestand) retirement (retiring) from business;
• Aufgabe der Geschäftstätigkeit de facto dissolution;
• Aufgabe einer Gutschriftsstornierung credit returns account;
• Aufgabe von Kauf- und Verkaufsorders zu verschiedenen Zeiten (Börse) selling on a scale (US), scaling (US);
• Aufgabe einer [Konkurs]vorzugsstellung surrender of preference (US);
• Aufgaben eines Liquidators liquidator’s duties;
• klassische Aufgaben der Nationalökonomie classical types of economics;
• Aufgabe einer Buslinie discontinuance of a bus line;
• Aufgabe des Preises price quotation;
• Aufgabe unrentabler Produktionsgebiete elimination of unprofitable operations;
• Aufgabe eines Rechtes relinquishment of a right, waiver, remise;
• Aufgabe einer guten Stellung vacation of a good position;
• Aufgabe der Tarifbindungen tariff abandonment;
• j. von einer Aufgabe entbinden to release s. o. from a task, (j. entfernen) to strip s. o. of a job;
• informatorische Aufgaben erfüllen to handle information;
• richterliche Aufgaben erfüllen to exercise judicial functions;
• jem. eine bestimmte Aufgabe geben to set s. o. a job;
• zu jds. Aufgaben gehören to be part of s. one’s functions;
• nicht zu den Aufgaben eines Ausschusses gehören to be outside the reference of a commission;
• sich um die geldpolitische Aufgabe kümmern to handle the monetary side;
• für eine Aufgabe wie geschaffen sein to be cut out for a job;
• zur Aufgabe seines Amtes gezwungen sein to walk the plank;
• Aufgabe übernehmen to take over an assignment;
• jem. eine Aufgabe übertragen to vest s. o. with a function;
• bestimmte Aufgaben wahrnehmen to carry out agency duties;
• dienstliche Aufgaben wahrnehmen to carry out functions;
• für die Erledigung einer Aufgabe eingestellt werden to be recruited for a job;
• jem. eine Aufgabe zuweisen to assign a task to s. o.;
• Aufgabebahnhof dispatch point;
• Aufgabedatum date of posting;
• Aufgabeformular telegram form. -
52 Kern
Kern m 1. COMP core; 2. GEN core, gist (eines Problem); 3. IND (AE) center, (BE) centre; 4. PAT gist* * *m 1. < Comp> core; 2. < Geschäft> eines Problem core, gist; 3. < Ind> center (AE), centre (BE) ; 4. < Patent> gist* * *Kern
(Basis) unit, nucleus, (Korn) kernel, (Mittelpunkt) core, essence, heart, (Ursache) root, (Wesentliches) [pith and] marrow;
• Kern einer Angelegenheit crux (nucleus) of a matter;
• Kern der Arbeitslosen hard core;
• Kern der Beweisführung burden of an argument;
• Kern einer Stadt heart (center) of a city, city core;
• Kern eines Vertrages essence (root) of a contract;
• Kern einer Sache bilden to be at the heart of s. th.;
• zum Kern einer Sache kommen (vordringen, vorstoßen) to pierce beneath the show of a thing, to come to the crucial point;
• am Kern einer Sache vorbeigehen to be beside the point;
• Kernaktivität[en] core business;
• Kernarbeitsgebiet core activities;
• Kernaufgabe core task;
• Kernbegriff central concept;
• Kernbestandteil (Anzeige) running body;
• Kerndaten für die Konjunkturprognose (Doktrin) anticipators of a business cycle;
• Kernenergie nuclear energy;
• Kernenergieanlage nuclear site;
• Kernenergienutzung use of nuclear energy;
• Kernfrage crucial problem, pivotal question, sticking point;
• Kernfusion nuclear fusion;
• Kerngebiet core area;
• Kerngedanke key objective;
• Kerngeschäft core business;
• Kernindustrie nuclear industry;
• Kernkapital (Bankbilanz) core capital, tier one (1);
• Kernkompetenz key competency;
• Kernländer core countries;
• Kernprinzip basic principle;
• Kernpunkt main issue, marrow, [crucial] point;
• Kernreaktor atomic (chain) reactor;
• Kernreaktoranlage nuclear power station (plant);
• Kernreaktorgelände reactor site;
• Kernspaltung nuclear fission;
• Kernstück (Anzeige) bold type, (Ausstellung) centerpiece (US) (centre-piece, Br.);
• Kernstücke eines Konzerns core companies of a group;
• Kerntechnik nuclear engineering;
• Kernumwandlung nuclear transmutation;
• Kernwirtschaften core economies;
• Kernzeit (gestaffelte Arbeitszeit) core time. -
53 Hauptanbieter
Hauptanbieter
major supplier;
• Hauptangelegenheit primary business;
• Hauptanliegen major (prime) concern, key objective, favo(u)rite cause;
• Hauptanschluss (telecom.) direct [exchange] line;
• Hauptanspruch (Patent) primary (main) claim;
• Hauptanteil major portion;
• Hauptantrieb primary driver;
• Hauptanwärter prime candidate;
• Hauptapparat (telecom.) master telephone;
• Hauptarbeitgeber general employer;
• Hauptartikel staple articles (commodities, goods), staple[s], bulk line;
• Hauptattraktion chief attraction, star turn (Br.);
• Hauptaufgabe basic job, key task;
• Hauptauftragnehmer main contractor;
• Hauptaugenmerk focus;
• Hauptausfuhr bulk of export;
• Hauptausfuhrgüter chief exports;
• Hauptausgabe main edition;
• Hauptbahnhof main (central, railroad, US) station;
• Hauptbankplatz banking center (US) (centre, Br.);
• Hauptbedingung main condition;
• Hauptbegünstigter principal beneficiary;
• Hauptbelastung mainstream charge, (el., Verkehr) peak [load];
• Hauptberichterstatter general correspondent;
• Hauptberuf chief (principal) occupation, main profession, leading business. -
54 Hauptbürge
Hauptbürge
principal surety;
• Hauptbüro chief (head, home, US) office, headquarters;
• Hauptbüro eröffnen to headquarter (US);
• Hauptdaten noch einmal durchnehmen to go over the main facts again;
• Hauptdurchgangsstraße main thoroughfare;
• Haupteffekt (Statistik) main effect;
• Haupteigentümer general owner;
• Haupteinfuhr bulk of import[s];
• Haupteinfuhrwaren principal imports;
• Haupteinkäufer head buyer of a firm, chief purchaser;
• Haupteinkommen, Haupteinkünfte principal income, basic compensation;
• Haupteinlage (Kapital) principal;
• Haupteinnahmequelle major part of the revenue, major means of income, staple earner;
• Hauptempfehlungen main recommendations;
• Hauptentgegenhaltung (Patent) main citation;
• Hauptentscheidungsträger key decision-maker;
• Haupterbe sole heir, (Grundbesitz) residuary devisee;
• Haupterzeugnisse staple products;
• Hauptfaktoren der Produktion major inputs;
• Hauptfernsehzeit prime time;
• Hauptfeststellung main assessment;
• Hauptfiliale main branch;
• Hauptfluglinie main line;
• inländische Hauptfluglinie domestic trunk route;
• Hauptförderstrecke (Bergbau) entry, mother gate;
• Hauptforderung (Schuld) principal [claim];
• Hauptfrachtvertrag head charter;
• Hauptfrage main issue, sixty-four thousand dollar question, point;
• Hauptfürsorgestelle social welfare office;
• Hauptgedanke (Anzeige) key note;
• Hauptgeschäft head office, parent store, headquarters, core business, (Schwerpunkt) bulk of one’s business, bread-and-butter business. -
55 Hauptgesellschafter
Hauptgesellschafter m RECHT principal shareholder, main shareholder, major shareholder, principal partner, main partner, major partner* * *Hauptgesellschafter
chief partner;
• Hauptgesetzgeber (EU) principal legislator;
• Hauptgewerbezweck (Unternehmen) main object;
• Hauptgläubiger principal (chief) creditor;
• Haupthandelsartikel staple goods, staples;
• Haupthandelsplatz staple town;
• Haupthandelsströme arteries of commerce;
• Hauptherausgeber editor-in-chief;
• Hauptindustriezweige staple industries;
• Hauptinhaber principal owner;
• Hauptinhalt substance, essence;
• Hauptinhalt eines Vertrages essence of a contract;
• Hauptinstrument für das Wirtschaftswachstum key tool for economic growth;
• Hauptinteressensgebiet field of major professional interest;
• Hauptkartei master file;
• Hauptkasse chief cashier, teller's department;
• Hauptkassierer chief (head) cashier, cashier in charge of operations, paying teller (US);
• Hauptkatalog main catalog(ue);
• Hauptknotenpunkt main junction;
• Hauptkonkurrent chief rival;
• Hauptkonto ledger account;
• Hauptkontor headquarters;
• Hauptkontrollkonto master control account;
• Hauptkosten key costs;
• Hauptkostenstelle cost center (US) (centre, Br.);
• Hauptkredit primary credit;
• Hauptkunde main (primary, major, dominant) customer;
• Hauptlagerstätte major deposit;
• Hauptlieferant major supplier, original (prime, general, main) contractor;
• Hauptlinie (Bahn) main line (track), principal railroad (US), main trunk, trunk route (US), (Flugverkehr) trunk airline (US);
• Hauptmangel principal defect;
• Hauptmarkt principal (main) market;
• Hauptmasse seines Vermögens bulk of one’s property;
• Hauptmerkmal (Werbung) feature;
• Hauptmiete chief rent;
• Hauptmieter master tenant (lessee), head lessee;
• Hauptmietvertrag proprietary lease;
• Hauptmitarbeiter chief assistant;
• Hauptmotiv (Werbung) keynote idea;
• Hauptnachfrage chief demand;
• Hauptniederlage staple (US);
• Hauptniederlassung main establishment (office, US), principal establishment (place of business), main seat of activity, major subsidiary, registered office, (Bank) head office, headquarters;
• Hauptniederlassung in... haben to have its headquarters at...;
• Hauptnutznießer primary beneficiary;
• Hauptpacht chief rent;
• Hauptpachtvertrag proprietary lease;
• Hauptpatent original (basic, pioneer, main) patent;
• Hauptperson key man, feature, principal, headliner (US);
• Hauptplan (Etat) master budget;
• Hauptplatine (Computer) Basis-, Hauptplatine;
• Hauptplatz (Bankwesen) banking center (US) (centre, Br.);
• Hauptpolice original policy;
• Hauptpostamt head (general, Br.) post office;
• Hauptprodukte chief products, staple articles (commodities, goods),leading articles, staples;
• Hauptproduktion principal product line;
• Hauptprüfer senior accountant;
• Hauptpunkte (Klage) merits, gist;
• Hauptpunkte einer Vereinbarung heads of an agreement;
• Hauptquelle key resource, main source;
• Hauptquittung general receipt;
• Hauptrechenschaftsbericht audit;
• Hauptrechnung general account (bill);
• Hauptreeder principal owner;
• Hauptregister general table of contents, (Warenzeichen) principal register;
• Hauptreisezeit tourist season;
• Hauptrepräsentant einer Firma leading agent of a firm;
• Hauptrevisor senior accountant;
• Hauptrücklage (Bankwesen) primary reserve. -
56 Hauptpatent
Hauptpatent
original (basic, pioneer, main) patent -
57 Stammkarte
Stammkarte
master card;
• Stammkonto head-office account;
• Stammkunde regular (registered, standing, steady, local) customer, regular patron;
• einem Stammkunden Lagerreste aufschwätzen to palm off old stock on a client;
• Stammkunde in einem Geschäft sein to patronize a shop;
• Stammkundenbetreuer (Werbeagentur) account executive;
• Stammkundenrabatt patronage discount;
• Stammkundschaft steady customers, patronage (coll.), goodwill;
• Stammleitung (telecom.) trunk line;
• Stammleserschaft steady readership;
• Stammlieferant regular supplier;
• Stammmiete charter money;
• Stammmitglied charter member;
• Stammorgan parent body;
• Stammorganisation (mil.) cadre;
• Stammpatent pioneer (basic, main) patent;
• Stammpersonal permanent (regular) staff, backbone, skeleton [crew], (Schiff) nucleus crew;
• Stammplatz prescriptive place;
• Stammrolle [nominal] roll, register;
• Stammrollenauszug registration card;
• Stammsitz family seat;
• mit Stammsitz in headquartered in;
• Stammvermögen capital stock, original assets;
• Stammwerk parent establishment (plant);
• Stammzeit (gleitende Arbeitszeit) core time;
• embryonale Stammzell-Linien embryo stem cell lines. -
58 Stammpatent
Stammpatent
pioneer (basic, main) patent -
59 producto
m.1 product (bien, objeto).productos (agrícolas) produceproducto acabado finished productproducto alimenticio foodstuffproductos de belleza cosmeticsproducto final end productproductos lácteos dairy produceproducto manufacturado manufactured productproducto químico chemical2 result, product (resultado).el accidente fue producto de un despiste del conductor the accident resulted from a lapse of attention on the part of the driver3 product (Mat).4 produce, result, return.* * *1 (gen) product2 MATEMÁTICAS product3 (resultado) result, product4 (provecho) fruit\producto acabado finished productproducto interior bruto gross domestic productproducto nacional bruto gross national productproducto químico chemicalproductos agrícolas agricultural produceproductos alimenticios foodstuffsproductos de belleza cosmeticsproductos de limpieza cleaning products* * *noun m.* * *SM1) (=artículo) productproductos de primera necesidad — staple items, staple products, basic necessities
"consuma productos españoles" — "buy Spanish goods"
productos agrícolas — agricultural produce sing, farm produce sing
productos derivados de la leche — dairy products, dairy produce sing
producto químico — chemical product, chemical
productos de marca — branded goods, brand name goods
productos lácteos — dairy products, dairy produce sing
2) (=producción) production3) (=resultado) result, productla clonación es producto de años de investigación — cloning is the result o product of years of research
4) (Econ) (=beneficio) yield, profitproducto interno bruto — Arg gross domestic product
5) (Mat) product* * *1)a) ( artículo producido) productproductos nacionales — home-produced goods o products
b) ( resultado) result, productsu éxito es el producto de mucho esfuerzo — her success is the result o product of a great deal of effort
todo es producto de su imaginación — it's all a product o a figment of his imagination
2) (Mat) product* * *= commodity, product, offering, emanation.Ex. Neither are the latter group, in the course of their professional activities, likely to feel that the treatment of information as a priceable commodity compromises a principle fundamental to their professional ethic.Ex. Printed title indexes which could be used as elementary subject indexes were one of the first products of computerised information retrieval systems.Ex. Currently SilverPlatter's major offering in this key topic area is 'Food Science and Technology Abstracts'.Ex. CCRC has considered radical things that don't seem to fit in with any of these aims, such as abandoning main entry and restricting corporate authorship by eliminating it entirely, and now euphemistically calling it corporate emanation.----* asociación de compradores de un tipo de productos = consumers union.* comercializar un producto = carry, market + product.* comprar comparando productos = shop around, shopping around.* Denominación Común de Productos Industriales (NIPRO) = Common Nomenclature of Industrial Products (NIPRO).* Denominación de Productos para las Estadísticas del Comercio Externo de la = Nomenclature of Goods for the External Trade Statistics of the Community and Statistics of Trade between Member States (NIMEXE).* desarrollo de nuevos productos = product development.* documentos producto de investigación = research materials.* empresa dedicada al desarrollo de productos = product developer.* energía producto de la fisión = fission energy.* evaluación de los productos = product rating.* exposición de productos artesanales = craft show.* gama de productos = product mix, product range.* gestión de la oferta de productos = range management.* industria de los productos lácteos, la = dairy industry, the.* información de precios de productos para el consumo = retail prices.* información sobre un producto = product literature.* ley de responsabilidad por el producto = product liability law.* línea de productos = product line.* oferta de productos = product offering.* producto agrícola = agricultural product, farm product.* producto alimenticio = food product.* producto bandera = showpiece.* producto básico = staple.* producto bibliográfico = bibliographic product.* producto comercial = commercial product, retail product.* producto cosmético = cosmetic product.* producto cultural = cultural product.* producto de = born of.* producto de consumo = consumable, consumer product, convenience product.* producto de cosmética = cosmetic product.* producto de fumigar = fumigant.* producto de importación = imported product.* producto de la combinación = recombinant.* producto de la imaginación = work of imagination.* producto de la información = information commodity.* producto de la necesidad = born of necessity.* producto del conocimiento = knowledge record.* producto de limpieza = cleaning product, cleanser, cleaner.* producto derivado = outgrowth, by-product [byproduct], spinoff [spin-off], off-shoot [offshoot].* producto derivado de la grasa animal = fat product.* producto desconocido = foreign substance.* producto de temporada = seasonal food, seasonal product.* producto emblemático = showpiece.* producto especializado = specialist product.* producto estrella = star product.* producto farmacéutico = pharmaceutical, pharmaceutical product.* producto final = end product, finished product, deliverable, final product.* producto final, el = finished work, the.* producto fresco = fresh food.* producto higiénico = hygiene product.* producto importado = import, imported product.* producto industrial = industrial product.* producto informativo = information product.* producto inorgánicoquímico = inorganic chemical.* Producto Interior Bruto (PIB) = Gross Domestic Product (GDP).* producto lácteo = dairy product, milk product.* producto lógico = logical product.* producto medicinal = medicinal product.* Producto Nacional Bruto (PNB) = Gross National Product (GNP).* producto natural = natural product.* producto ofrecido = offering.* producto orgánicoquímico = organic chemical.* producto para el hogar = household product.* producto para especialistas = specialist product.* producto para la conservación = preservative.* producto para la higiene = hygiene product.* producto para profesionales = specialist product.* producto petroquímico = petrochemical.* producto principal = staple.* producto profesional = specialist product.* producto promocional = tie-in.* producto químico = chemical, chemical product.* producto químico usado en agricultura = agrochemical.* productos = goods, wares, merchandise.* productos agrícolas = agricultural produce.* productos alimenticios = food supply, supply of food.* productos artesanos en madera = woodcraft.* productos cárnicos = meat products.* productos de confitería = confectionery.* productos decorados con tela escocesa = tartanware.* productos de imitación = imitation goods, replica goods.* productos de pastelería = confectionery.* productos de temporada = seasonal produce.* producto secundario = off-shoot [offshoot], by-product [byproduct].* productos enlatados = tinned goods.* productos impresos = print media.* productos lácteos = dairy produce.* productos manufacturados = manufacturing goods, manufactured goods.* productos nacionales = domestic goods.* productos ópticos = optical media, optical products.* productos perecederos = perishables.* productos prohibidos = contraband.* producto tóxico = toxic.* promoción de productos = product-promoting.* representante de productos farmacéuticos = pharmaceutical company representative.* selección de productos = merchandise selection.* ser producto de = spin off, be the product of.* ser un producto de su tiempo = be a product of + Posesivo + time.* tienda de productos ecológicos = health food shop, health food store.* vender un producto = carry.* volver a promover un producto = rehyping.* * *1)a) ( artículo producido) productproductos nacionales — home-produced goods o products
b) ( resultado) result, productsu éxito es el producto de mucho esfuerzo — her success is the result o product of a great deal of effort
todo es producto de su imaginación — it's all a product o a figment of his imagination
2) (Mat) product* * *= commodity, product, offering, emanation.Ex: Neither are the latter group, in the course of their professional activities, likely to feel that the treatment of information as a priceable commodity compromises a principle fundamental to their professional ethic.
Ex: Printed title indexes which could be used as elementary subject indexes were one of the first products of computerised information retrieval systems.Ex: Currently SilverPlatter's major offering in this key topic area is 'Food Science and Technology Abstracts'.Ex: CCRC has considered radical things that don't seem to fit in with any of these aims, such as abandoning main entry and restricting corporate authorship by eliminating it entirely, and now euphemistically calling it corporate emanation.* asociación de compradores de un tipo de productos = consumers union.* comercializar un producto = carry, market + product.* comprar comparando productos = shop around, shopping around.* Denominación Común de Productos Industriales (NIPRO) = Common Nomenclature of Industrial Products (NIPRO).* Denominación de Productos para las Estadísticas del Comercio Externo de la = Nomenclature of Goods for the External Trade Statistics of the Community and Statistics of Trade between Member States (NIMEXE).* desarrollo de nuevos productos = product development.* documentos producto de investigación = research materials.* empresa dedicada al desarrollo de productos = product developer.* energía producto de la fisión = fission energy.* evaluación de los productos = product rating.* exposición de productos artesanales = craft show.* gama de productos = product mix, product range.* gestión de la oferta de productos = range management.* industria de los productos lácteos, la = dairy industry, the.* información de precios de productos para el consumo = retail prices.* información sobre un producto = product literature.* ley de responsabilidad por el producto = product liability law.* línea de productos = product line.* oferta de productos = product offering.* producto agrícola = agricultural product, farm product.* producto alimenticio = food product.* producto bandera = showpiece.* producto básico = staple.* producto bibliográfico = bibliographic product.* producto comercial = commercial product, retail product.* producto cosmético = cosmetic product.* producto cultural = cultural product.* producto de = born of.* producto de consumo = consumable, consumer product, convenience product.* producto de cosmética = cosmetic product.* producto de fumigar = fumigant.* producto de importación = imported product.* producto de la combinación = recombinant.* producto de la imaginación = work of imagination.* producto de la información = information commodity.* producto de la necesidad = born of necessity.* producto del conocimiento = knowledge record.* producto de limpieza = cleaning product, cleanser, cleaner.* producto derivado = outgrowth, by-product [byproduct], spinoff [spin-off], off-shoot [offshoot].* producto derivado de la grasa animal = fat product.* producto desconocido = foreign substance.* producto de temporada = seasonal food, seasonal product.* producto emblemático = showpiece.* producto especializado = specialist product.* producto estrella = star product.* producto farmacéutico = pharmaceutical, pharmaceutical product.* producto final = end product, finished product, deliverable, final product.* producto final, el = finished work, the.* producto fresco = fresh food.* producto higiénico = hygiene product.* producto importado = import, imported product.* producto industrial = industrial product.* producto informativo = information product.* producto inorgánicoquímico = inorganic chemical.* Producto Interior Bruto (PIB) = Gross Domestic Product (GDP).* producto lácteo = dairy product, milk product.* producto lógico = logical product.* producto medicinal = medicinal product.* Producto Nacional Bruto (PNB) = Gross National Product (GNP).* producto natural = natural product.* producto ofrecido = offering.* producto orgánicoquímico = organic chemical.* producto para el hogar = household product.* producto para especialistas = specialist product.* producto para la conservación = preservative.* producto para la higiene = hygiene product.* producto para profesionales = specialist product.* producto petroquímico = petrochemical.* producto principal = staple.* producto profesional = specialist product.* producto promocional = tie-in.* producto químico = chemical, chemical product.* producto químico usado en agricultura = agrochemical.* productos = goods, wares, merchandise.* productos agrícolas = agricultural produce.* productos alimenticios = food supply, supply of food.* productos artesanos en madera = woodcraft.* productos cárnicos = meat products.* productos de confitería = confectionery.* productos decorados con tela escocesa = tartanware.* productos de imitación = imitation goods, replica goods.* productos de pastelería = confectionery.* productos de temporada = seasonal produce.* producto secundario = off-shoot [offshoot], by-product [byproduct].* productos enlatados = tinned goods.* productos impresos = print media.* productos lácteos = dairy produce.* productos manufacturados = manufacturing goods, manufactured goods.* productos nacionales = domestic goods.* productos ópticos = optical media, optical products.* productos perecederos = perishables.* productos prohibidos = contraband.* producto tóxico = toxic.* promoción de productos = product-promoting.* representante de productos farmacéuticos = pharmaceutical company representative.* selección de productos = merchandise selection.* ser producto de = spin off, be the product of.* ser un producto de su tiempo = be a product of + Posesivo + time.* tienda de productos ecológicos = health food shop, health food store.* vender un producto = carry.* volver a promover un producto = rehyping.* * *A1 (artículo producido) productconsuma productos nacionales buy home-produced goods o productslos productos derivados del petróleo products derived from petroleum, petroleum derivativesproductos de granja farm produce2 (resultado) result, productel acuerdo es el producto de varios meses de negociaciones the agreement is the result o product of several months of negotiationssu éxito es el producto de muchos años de esfuerzo her success is the result o product of many years of effortes el típico producto de esa clase de colegio he's the typical product of that kind of schooltodo es producto de su imaginación it's all a product o a figment of his imaginationCompuestos:foodstuffbeauty product, cosmeticwaste product, by-productbrand name productpromotional itemspin-offgross domestic product, GDPdairy productmanufactured productgross national product, GNPstaplechemical product, chemicalby-productfinished productB ( Mat) product* * *
producto sustantivo masculino
◊ productos agrícolas/de granja agricultural/farm produce;
producto alimenticio foodstuff;
producto lácteo dairy product
producto sustantivo masculino
1 (artículo producido) product
productos alimenticios, foodstuffs
2 Econ producto interior bruto (PIB), gross domestic product (GDP)
3 (consecuencia, resultado) esa enciclopedia es producto del esfuerzo de muchas personas, this encyclopedia is the result of a large team's efforts
' producto' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
accidental
- anestesia
- anunciar
- dañar
- decolorar
- derivado
- doméstica
- doméstico
- duda
- eficaz
- elaborada
- elaborado
- humectante
- indicada
- indicado
- lanzamiento
- liquidar
- liquidación
- mezcla
- muestra
- obra
- PIB
- PNB
- presentar
- presentación
- promoción
- promocionar
- pura
- puro
- salazón
- salida
- sintética
- sintético
- tierra
- abaratar
- bueno
- calidad
- comercializar
- confianza
- consumir
- contener
- contenido
- cosecha
- cotización
- crear
- cultivo
- desatascador
- desgravar
- desprestigiar
- distinguir
English:
accidental
- bring out
- call
- cleanser
- collaboration
- come out
- competition
- deceive
- development
- domestic
- figment
- finish
- flaw
- GDP
- GNP
- Gross National Product
- hype
- impure
- introduce
- introduction
- label
- launch
- launching
- marketable
- moneymaker
- needlework
- one-off
- opportunity
- patent
- produce
- product
- promote
- promotion
- push
- put off
- reputable
- rework
- spin-off
- staple
- stuff
- test
- top-selling
- trial
- unavailable
- window cleaner
- withdraw
- woodcarving
- chemical
- cleaner
- commodity
* * *producto nm1. [bien, objeto] product;productos agrícolas agricultural produce;un producto derivado del petróleo an oil derivativeproducto acabado finished product;producto alimenticio foodstuff;producto básico [de primera necesidad] staple;productos de belleza cosmetics;producto final end product;Esp producto interior bruto gross domestic product; Am producto interno bruto gross domestic product;producto líder product leader;producto manufacturado manufactured product;producto milagro miracle product;producto nacional bruto gross national product;producto de primera necesidad staple;producto químico chemical;productos de la tierra agricultural o farm produce2. [ganancia] profit3. [resultado] result, product;el accidente fue producto de un despiste del conductor the accident was caused by a lapse of attention on the part of the driver;la obra es el producto de un gran esfuerzo colectivo the work is the product of a great collective effort4. Mat product* * *m product;producto acabado finished product* * *producto nm1) : product2) : proceeds pl, yield* * *producto n product -
60 регистрационная пошлина
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > регистрационная пошлина
См. также в других словарях:
basic patent — basic or pioneer patent One discovered in new field and recognized by scientific world or industry as startling, unexpected, and unprophesied. Northwest Engineering Corporation v. Keystone Driller Co., C.C.A.Wis., 70 F.2d 13, 16 See also pioneer… … Black's law dictionary
basic patent — basic or pioneer patent One discovered in new field and recognized by scientific world or industry as startling, unexpected, and unprophesied. Northwest Engineering Corporation v. Keystone Driller Co., C.C.A.Wis., 70 F.2d 13, 16 See also pioneer… … Black's law dictionary
basic — I adjective a priori, aboriginal, central, elementary, essential, fundamental, implicit, indispensable, initial, innate, integral, intrinsic, material, monolithic, native, necessary, organic, original, practical, primary, prime, primitive,… … Law dictionary
Patent — A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state to an inventor or his assignee for a fixed period of time in exchange for a disclosure of an invention.The procedure for granting patents, the requirements placed on the patentee and the… … Wikipedia
Patent troll — is a pejorative but questioned term used for a person or company who is a non practicing inventor, and buys and enforces patents against one or more alleged infringers in a manner considered by the target or observers as unduly aggressive or… … Wikipedia
patent — pat·ent 1 / pat ənt3 also pāt / adj [Anglo French, from Latin patent patens, from present participle of patēre to be open] 1 a: open to public inspection see also letters patent at letter 2 … Law dictionary
Patent-Troll — (auch „Patentjäger“, „Patenthai“ oder „Patentfreibeuter“) ist eine abwertende Bezeichnung für Personen oder Unternehmen, die Patente in unangemessener Weise benutzen. Dazu zählen solche, die Patente erwerben, ohne jemals die einem Patent zugrunde … Deutsch Wikipedia
basic or pioneer patent — One discovered in new field and recognized by scientific world or industry as startling, unexpected, and unprophesied. Northwest Engineering Corporation v. Keystone Driller Co., C.C.A.Wis., 70 F.2d 13, 16 See also pioneer patent … Black's law dictionary
basic or pioneer patent — One discovered in new field and recognized by scientific world or industry as startling, unexpected, and unprophesied. Northwest Engineering Corporation v. Keystone Driller Co., C.C.A.Wis., 70 F.2d 13, 16 See also pioneer patent … Black's law dictionary
Patent attorney — A patent attorney is an attorney who has the specialized qualifications necessary for representing clients in obtaining patents and acting in all matters and procedures relating to patent law and practice, such as filing an opposition. The term… … Wikipedia
patent — 1. adj /peytant/ Open; manifest; evident; unsealed. Used in this sense in such phrases as patent ambiguity, patent writ, letters patent. noun /pabtsnt/ A grant of some privilege, property, or authority, made by the government or sovereign of a… … Black's law dictionary