-
1 basic legislation
nSAFE legislación básica f -
2 basic
-
3 BSL
1) Биология: Botanical Society of London2) Медицина: (blood sugar level) уровень сахара в крови3) Военный термин: bomb safety line4) Техника: basic safety limit, bulk semiconductor limiter5) Телекоммуникации: British Sign Language6) Сокращение: ОРМ (Основные реанимационные мероприятия - Basic Life Support. Комбинация непрямого массажа сердца и искусственного дыхания.), biosafety level7) Картография: Система высот-Балтийская (Предлагается как вариант перевода на англ. язык обозначения на картах)8) Банковское дело: (banking secrecy legislation) законодательство о сохранении банковской тайны (BSL means any banking secrecy provisions pursuant to a Requirement of Law.)9) Деловая лексика: Business And Service Lines10) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Baltic sea level11) Сетевые технологии: Berkeley Socket Library12) Фантастика Black Star Legion13) NYSE. Bear Stearns Companies, Inc.14) Аэропорты: Basel, Switzerland15) Программное обеспечение: Brazil Scripting Language -
4 law
nзакон, право; законодательство, правовая нормаto abolish / to abrogate a law — отменять закон
to administer law — отправлять / осуществлять правосудие
to adopt a law — принимать / утверждать закон
to alter / to amend a law — вносить поправки в закон
to be above the law — быть неподсудным / выше закона / над законом
to be at law with smb — судиться с кем-л.
to be exempt from the law — быть неподсудным / неподвластным закону
to break a law — нарушать / преступать закон
to contravene a law — нарушать закон; противоречить закону
to defy law — не подчиняться закону, игнорировать закон
to draw up a law — разрабатывать закон / законопроект
to enact legislation into law — принимать законопроект, придавать законопроекту силу закона
to enforce law — обеспечивать выполнение закона, следить за соблюдением закона
to flout law — попирать / не выполнять закон
to go beyond the law — совершать противозаконный поступок; обходить закон
to honor the law — уважать / соблюдать закон
to implement a law — выполнять закон; вводить закон в действие
to infringe law — нарушать / преступать закон
to institute / to introduce law — вводить закон
to keep in with the law — подчиняться закону, не нарушать закон
to keep within the law — держаться в рамках / придерживаться закона
to lay down the law — распоряжаться, командовать
to make a law — издавать закон; составлять закон
to override law — не признавать закон, не считаться с законом
to pass a law — принимать / утверждать закон
to practice law — заниматься адвокатурой / юриспруденцией
to put a law into effect / operation — вводить закон в действие
to take the law in(to) one's own hands — устраивать самосуд
to take the law of smb — привлекать кого-л. к суду
- abuse of the lawto violate a law — нарушать / преступать / попирать закон
- according to the law
- active law
- administration of laws
- administrative law
- air law
- ambassadorial law
- amnesty law
- antilabor law
- antipollution law
- antismoking law
- antiterrorist law
- antitrust laws - basic law
- binding in law
- breach of law
- breakdown of law and order
- business law
- by law
- campaign-financing laws
- canon law
- case law
- changes to the electoral law
- child-labor laws
- civil law
- clemency law
- club law - common law
- company law
- compliance with law
- conflict of interest law
- conflict with the law
- conscription law
- constitutional law
- consular law
- contrary to law
- contrary to military law
- controversial law
- conventional international law
- cosmic law
- court of law
- criminal law
- crown law
- customary law
- definite law
- development of international law
- discriminatory law
- disdain for the law
- disregard of the law
- doctor of law
- domestic law
- draft law
- ecclesiastical law
- economic law
- economic laws of the development of society
- election law
- electoral law
- emergency law
- enforcement of a law
- existent laws
- existing laws
- export control law
- extension of martial law
- extradition law
- family law
- federal laws - fundamental law
- general international law
- general law
- gun control law
- gun law prevails
- gun law
- humanitarian law
- immigration laws
- in British law
- in conformity with the law
- in law
- in the eyes of the law
- individual labor law
- infringement of the laws
- institutions of international law
- internal law
- internal security laws
- international administrative law
- international humanitarian law
- international law
- international monetary law
- international private law
- international public law
- international trade law
- international treaty law
- interstate commerce laws
- inviolable law
- irreversible law
- Islamic holy laws
- Jim Crow law
- judicial law
- jungle law
- labor laws
- land law
- language law - law goes through
- law is in force
- law is invalid
- law is subject to yearly review
- law is the law
- law merchant
- law must be upheld
- law of actions
- law of civil procedure
- law of conflicts
- law of contracts
- law of criminal procedure
- law of international trade
- law of nations
- law of nature
- law of property
- law of state responsibility
- law of succession
- law of the land
- law of the sea
- law of treaties
- law of value
- law on leasing
- law on religion
- law on smth
- law provides for
- law should follow its normal course
- laws and customs
- laws and regulations
- laws are being ignored
- laws governing social development
- laws governing the economy
- laws in force
- laws of historical development of society
- laws of honor
- laws restraining the press
- local law
- loop-hole in the law
- Lynch law
- maritime law
- maritime safety law
- martial law is in force
- martial law
- military law
- minions of law
- municipal law
- national law
- natural law
- nature laws
- no-knock search law
- object of international law
- objective economic laws
- objective laws
- observance of the laws
- offence of law
- outer space law
- passage of the law
- penal law
- political law
- power to execute laws
- press law
- principles of law
- private international law
- private law
- property law
- provision in the law
- public international law
- public law
- race law
- racist law - retreat of the law
- right-to-know law
- right-to-work laws
- rules of law
- secession law
- security law
- segregation law
- settled law
- shield laws
- slip law
- source of law
- space law
- state law
- statute law
- strict observance of the law
- subject of international law
- substantive law
- sunset law
- sunshine law
- system of law
- the spirit and the letter of the law
- under an amnesty law
- under local law
- under the law
- under the new law
- universal historical laws
- vagrancy law - war-time laws
- within bounds of international law -
5 principle
n1) принцип2) основа3) закон•to adhere to a principle — быть верным принципу, придерживаться принципа
to be based on respect for the principle of sovereign equality — основываться на уважении принципа суверенного равенства
to compromise one's principles — поступаться своими принципами
to defend one's principles against smb — защищать свои принципы от кого-л.
to forsake one's principles — поступаться своими принципами
to give up one's principles — отказываться от своих принципов
to restore UN's principles — восстанавливать / возрождать принципы ООН
to set forth / out principles — излагать принципы
- adherence to one's principlesto swallow one's principles — поступаться своими принципами
- adoption of a precautionary principle
- application of principles
- basic principle
- ceiling principle
- consensus principle
- contravention of the principles of the UN
- democratic principles
- ethical principle
- floor principle
- foreign-policy principles
- fundamental principle
- funding principle
- GAAP
- general principles
- generally accepted accounting principles
- guiding principle
- Haldane principle
- human principles
- humanistic principles
- ideological principle
- immutable principle
- in accordance with the principles
- in conformity with the principles
- just principles
- key principle
- liberal-democratic principles
- matching principle
- methodological principle
- military-political principle
- moral principles
- most-favored-nation principle
- national principle
- noble principles
- observance of principles
- organizational principle
- overriding principle
- per capita ceiling principle
- policy-making principles
- practical principles
- principle of one man one vote
- principle of action
- principle of collective leadership
- principle of collective security
- principle of equal advantage
- principle of equal rights among peoples
- principle of equal security
- principle of equity
- principle of freedom of information
- principle of good neighborliness
- principle of independence
- principle of material incentive
- principle of nonalignment
- principle of nondiscrimination - principle of non-use of force in international relations
- principle of one-man management
- principle of optimality
- principle of peaceful co-existence
- principle of preferential treatment
- principle of price parity
- principle of relief for low per capita income countries
- principle of safeguarding
- principle of self-determination of peoples
- principle of self-reliant development
- principle of social justice
- principle of sovereignty
- principle of unanimity of the permanent members of the Council
- principles of cooperation
- principles of economic assistance
- principles of equality of all people
- principles of justice and international law
- principles of labor legislation
- principles of management
- principles of mutual respect for territorial integrity and sovereignty
- production of guiding principles
- profit-making principles
- progressive principles
- radical principle
- recommitment to the principles
- rightful principles
- scientific and technological principles
- self-help principle
- sound principles
- strategic principles
- tactical principles
- the principles laid down by the Constitution
- the principles laid down in the UN Charter
- the principles of the Charter
- the principles of the United Nations
- unanimity principle
- underlying principle
- unshakable principles -
6 tax
1) (державний) податок, мито, збір; тягар; обкладання2) оподатковувати, обкладати податком (податками); обкладати митом; таксувати; збирати (стягувати) членські внески; робити догану; засуджувати ( не в суді); визначати розмір збитків ( штрафу тощо); визначати розмір судових витрат•tax credit to adoptive parents for the adoption of children with physical or mental handicaps — податкова пільга прийомним батькам за усиновлення дитини із фізичними або розумовими вадами
- tax accounttax deduction based on degree of disability — зниження ставки податку в залежності від групи інвалідності
- tax accounting
- tax accounts
- tax administration
- tax advantage
- tax adviser
- tax agreement
- tax allocation
- tax allowance
- tax amount
- tax arrears
- tax assessment
- tax assessment act
- tax assessment authority
- tax assessment complaint
- tax assessment law
- tax assessment method
- tax assessment notice
- tax assessment scheme
- tax assessments act
- tax assessments law
- tax assessor
- tax at source
- tax-at-source
- tax audit
- tax auditing
- tax auditor
- tax authorities
- tax authority
- tax avoidance
- tax avoidance scheme
- tax barrier
- tax base
- tax basis
- tax bearer
- tax benefit
- tax benefit entailment
- tax bill
- tax book
- tax bracket
- tax break
- tax bribery
- tax burden
- tax capitalization
- tax case
- tax ceiling
- tax ceiling income
- tax certificate
- tax charge
- tax code
- tax collection
- tax collection rate
- tax collector
- tax collector's district
- tax collector's office
- tax committee
- tax concession
- tax consultant
- tax contingency provisions
- tax control
- tax control act
- tax control law
- tax cop
- tax counselor
- tax counsellor
- tax court
- tax court expenses
- tax credit
- tax credit to adoptive parents
- tax creditor
- tax crime
- tax debt
- tax declaration scheme
- tax deducted
- tax-deductible
- tax deduction
- tax deduction basis
- tax deed
- tax deferral
- tax delinquent
- tax discrimination
- tax-dodge
- tax dodger
- tax dodging
- tax domicile
- tax effect
- tax equalization
- tax equalization account
- tax evader
- tax evador
- tax evasion
- tax evasion by an individual
- tax evasion by an organization
- tax-exempt
- tax-exempt basic amount
- tax-exempt bond
- tax-exempt gain
- tax-exempt minimum
- tax-exempt minimum threshold
- tax exemption
- tax exile
- tax expense
- tax expenses
- tax expert
- tax fiddle
- tax field audit
- tax filing date
- tax form
- tax fraud
- tax-free
- tax-free allowance
- tax-free amount
- tax-free covenant clause
- tax-free covenant bond
- tax-free gift
- tax-free sale
- tax-free treatment
- tax-gatherer
- tax haven
- tax heavily
- tax holiday
- tax identification number
- tax in arrears
- tax in kind
- tax incentive
- tax incidence
- tax income
- tax increase
- tax inspection
- tax inspector
- tax inspectorate
- tax law
- tax laws
- tax lawyer
- tax leasing
- tax legislation
- tax levy
- tax liability
- tax lien
- tax load -
7 drive
I 1. [draɪv]3) (motivation, energy) iniziativa f., energia f.; (inner urge) pulsione f., istinto m.4) inform. drive m., unità f.5) mecc. trasmissione f.6) (path) (of house) vialetto m., strada f. privata2.modificatore mecc. [ mechanism] di trasmissioneII 1. [draɪv]1) [ driver] guidare, condurre [car, bus, train]; pilotare [ racing car]; trasportare [cargo, load, passenger]; percorrere (in auto) [ distance]to drive sb. home — portare a casa qcn. (in auto)
to drive sth. into — portare qcs. dentro [garage, space]
to be driven out of business — essere costretto a cessare l'attività, a ritirarsi dagli affari
to drive sb. mad o crazy — colloq. fare impazzire o diventare matto qcn. (anche fig.)
3) (chase or herd) spingere, condurre [herd, cattle]; spingere [ game]4) (power, propel) azionare, fare funzionare [engine, pump]to drive sth. into sb.'s head — fig. fare entrare qcs. nella testa di qcn., ficcare qcs. in testa a qcn
6) (force to work hard) incalzare, fare lavorare sodo [pupil, recruit]2.1) aut. guidareto drive into — entrare (con l'auto) in [garage, space]; andare a sbattere contro [tree, lamppost]
3.to drive up, down a hill — salire su, scendere da una collina (in auto)
1) aut.•- drive at- drive on* * *1. past tense - drove; verb1) (to control or guide (a car etc): Do you want to drive (the car), or shall I?) guidare2) (to take, bring etc in a car: My mother is driving me to the airport.) portare3) (to force or urge along: Two men and a dog were driving a herd of cattle across the road.) spingere innanzi4) (to hit hard: He drove a nail into the door; He drove a golf-ball from the tee.) battere; scagliare5) (to cause to work by providing the necessary power: This mill is driven by water.) azionare2. noun1) (a journey in a car, especially for pleasure: We decided to go for a drive.) gita in automobile2) (a private road leading from a gate to a house etc: The drive is lined with trees.) viale d'accesso, strada privata3) (energy and enthusiasm: I think he has the drive needed for this job.) energia4) (a special effort: We're having a drive to save electricity.) campagna5) (in sport, a hard stroke (with a golf-club, a cricket bat etc).) colpo6) ((computers) a disk drive.) drive, lettore, unità•- driver- driver's license
- drive-in
- drive-through
- driving licence
- be driving at
- drive off
- drive on* * *drive /draɪv/n.1 giro (o viaggio) in macchina: to go for a drive, fare un giro in macchina; to take sb. for a drive, portare q. a fare un giro in macchina; It's two hours' drive there and back, ci sono due ore di macchina per andare e venire; a long and boring drive, un viaggio in macchina lungo e noioso; a 50 mile drive, un percorso in macchina di 50 miglia; The mountains are a short drive away, ci vuole poco in macchina per andare in montagna; a drive in the country [along the coast], un giro in macchina in campagna [lungo la costa]2 strada carrozzabile; (spec.) viale, vialetto ( di una casa): The house is reached by means of a tree-lined drive, si raggiunge la casa per mezzo di un viale alberato4 [u] determinazione, volontà: the drive to succeed, la volontà di riuscire; You need a lot of drive to succeed in business, ci vuole molta determinazione per riuscire in affari5 [uc] (psic.) pulsione, impulso: basic human drives, le pulsioni fondamentali dell'essere umano; the sex drive, l'impulso sessuale6 [u] aspirazione: the drive for peace, l'aspirazione alla pace; the drive for perfection [improvement, change], l'aspirazione alla perfezione [al miglioramento, al cambiamento]7 ( anche comm.) sforzo collettivo, campagna: a recruitment [sales] drive, una campagna di assunzioni [di vendite]; an export drive, una campagna per promuovere le esportazioni; a concerted drive to raise the firm's profile, una campagna comune per far salire il profilo dell'azienda8 (comput.) drive; ( anche) lettore, unità: hard ( disk) drive, hard disk, disco fisso; disk drive, unità disco9 ( sport) colpo ( dato a una palla); ( tennis) diritto, drive; ( calcio) tiro; ( golf) colpo lungo, drive; ( pallavolo) attacco, schiacciata: drive against the post, palo ( il tiro sul montante); drive at goal, tiro in porta; drive down the sideline, lungolinea (sost.)10 [uc] (autom.) guida ( il meccanismo, lo sterzo): left-hand drive, guida a sinistra ( negli automezzi dei paesi in cui il traffico tiene la destra); right-hand drive, guida a destra ( negli automezzi dei paesi in cui il traffico tiene la sinistra)11 [uc] (autom., mecc.) trazione: front-[rear-]wheel drive, trazione anteriore [posteriore]; four-wheel drive, trazione integrale12 [uc] (mecc.) comando trasmissione; presa: belt drive, trasmissione a cinghia; direct drive, presa diretta13 battuta di caccia; inseguimento14 (mil.) attacco; offensiva● drive belt, cinghia di trasmissione □ (mecc.) drive gear, ingranaggio conduttore □ (elettr.) drive pulse, impulso di comando □ (mecc.) drive screw, vite autofilettante □ (mecc.) drive wheel, ruota motrice.♦ (to) drive /draɪv/A v. t.1 guidare ( un veicolo); ( sport) pilotare: to drive a car [a van, a bus, a train], guidare una macchina [un furgone, un autobus, un treno]; to drive a racing car, pilotare una vettura da corsa; What do you drive?; che macchina hai?2 accompagnare, portare (q.) in macchina: to drive sb. home, accompagnare q. a casa in macchina; Can you drive me to the office?, puoi portarmi in macchina in ufficio?3 (fig.) spingere, portare (q. a qc.): to drive sb. to drink, spingere q. a bere (o a darsi all'alcol); to drive sb. to suicide, spingere q. al suicidio; to drive sb. to despair, portare q. alla disperazione; His insane jealousy drove her to leave him, la sua folle gelosia l'ha spinta a lasciarlo; High interest rates drove them to bankruptcy, gli alti tassi di interesse li hanno portati al fallimento; ( anche fig.) to drive sb. crazy (o mad) fare impazzire q.; (fam.) to drive sb. nuts (o round the bend, round the twist, up the wall) fare impazzire q.4 spingere, motivare: He is driven by a need to outshine his older brother, è motivato dal bisogno di superare il fratello più grande; I want to find out what drives him, voglio scoprire cos'è che lo motiva; His novels are driven by plot rather than character, i suoi romanzi sono incentrati più sulla trama che sui personaggi5 condurre un gregge (o una mandria) di: to drive sheep [cattle], condurre un gregge di pecore [una mandria di bovini]6 (fig.) far lavorare (duro): He drives his employees hard, fa lavorare duro i suoi dipendenti; She drives herself too hard, si dà troppo da fare7 ( sport) battere, scagliare; ( calcio) spedire ( la palla); ( tennis) colpire di diritto; ( golf) colpire con un driver: ( baseball) The batter drove the ball into the bleachers, il battitore ha scagliato la palla nelle gradinate8 conficcare, piantare: to drive a stake into the ground [a nail into a wall], piantare un palo per terra [un chiodo nel muro]10 sospingere: The storm drove the boat onto the reef, la tempesta ha sospinto la barca sulla scogliera11 fare andare, cacciare: The enemy were driven out of the town, i nemici sono stati cacciati dalla città; They drove the animals away by shouting and waving their arms, hanno mandato via gli animali urlando e agitando le braccia; Heavy rain drove them inside, la forte pioggia li ha fatti rientrare in casa; Thousands were driven from their home, migliaia di persone sono state costrette a lasciare la loro casa; Lots of holidaymakers were driven away by the bad weather, il cattivo tempo ha fatto partire in tutta fretta molti vacanzieri12 (di solito al passivo) azionare; far funzionare: The turbines are driven by water, le turbine sono azionate dall'acquaB v. i.1 (autom.) guidare: He's learning to drive, sta imparando a guidare; Let me drive, please!, fa' guidare me, per favore; I can't drive, non so guidare; He drives very well [too fast], guida molto bene [troppo forte]; Shall we drive back?, torniamo indietro?; He drove into a wall, è andato a sbattere con la macchina contro un muro; to drive out of the garage, uscire dal garage2 andare ( con un veicolo privato); andare in macchina: Shall we drive or walk?, andiamo in macchina o a piedi?; They drove to the airport, sono andati all'aeroporto in macchina; We got into the car and drove home, siamo saliti in macchina e siamo andati a casa; I don't drive anymore into town, there's never anywhere to park, non vado più in centro in macchina, non si trova mai parcheggio; After waiting for five minutes, the taxi-driver drove away, dopo avere aspettato cinque minuti, il tassista è andato via3 ( di veicolo) andare: The car drove into a lamppost, la macchina è andata a sbattere contro un lampione4 ( della pioggia, ecc.) cadere (forte); battere: The snow was driving down, nevicava forte; Rain was driving against the windows, la pioggia batteva contro le finestre5 (mil.) spingersi; addentrarsi: Napoleon drove ( ahead) into the plains of Russia, Napoleone si addentrò nelle pianure della Russia● to drive oneself, guidare: She can't drive herself any more, her daughter has to do it, non può più guidare, deve accompagnarla sua figlia □ ( slang USA) to drive the big (o the porcelain) bus, vomitare nella toilette □ (ingl.) to drive a coach and horses through st., mostrare chiaramente tutte le falle di qc.: This verdict drives a coach and horses through the legislation, questo verdetto mostra chiaramente tutte le falle della legislazione □ (autom., GB) to drive with excess alcohol, guidare in stato di ebbrezza □ to drive st. home, chiarire (bene) qc.: to drive home one's point, chiarire bene il proprio punto di vista; I drove home to them what the problem was, gli ho fatto capire qual era il problema □ to drive a hard bargain, fare un accordo molto vantaggioso □ to drive a wedge between, seminare zizzania tra □ (fig.) to drive sb. into a corner, mettere q. alle strette (o con le spalle al muro) □ (fig.) to drive st. into the ground, portare qc. alla rovina: They drove the business into the ground, hanno portato l'azienda alla rovina □ to drive prices through the roof, far salire i prezzi alle stelle.* * *I 1. [draɪv]3) (motivation, energy) iniziativa f., energia f.; (inner urge) pulsione f., istinto m.4) inform. drive m., unità f.5) mecc. trasmissione f.6) (path) (of house) vialetto m., strada f. privata2.modificatore mecc. [ mechanism] di trasmissioneII 1. [draɪv]1) [ driver] guidare, condurre [car, bus, train]; pilotare [ racing car]; trasportare [cargo, load, passenger]; percorrere (in auto) [ distance]to drive sb. home — portare a casa qcn. (in auto)
to drive sth. into — portare qcs. dentro [garage, space]
to be driven out of business — essere costretto a cessare l'attività, a ritirarsi dagli affari
to drive sb. mad o crazy — colloq. fare impazzire o diventare matto qcn. (anche fig.)
3) (chase or herd) spingere, condurre [herd, cattle]; spingere [ game]4) (power, propel) azionare, fare funzionare [engine, pump]to drive sth. into sb.'s head — fig. fare entrare qcs. nella testa di qcn., ficcare qcs. in testa a qcn
6) (force to work hard) incalzare, fare lavorare sodo [pupil, recruit]2.1) aut. guidareto drive into — entrare (con l'auto) in [garage, space]; andare a sbattere contro [tree, lamppost]
3.to drive up, down a hill — salire su, scendere da una collina (in auto)
1) aut.•- drive at- drive on -
8 law
n1. закон2. право3. (laws) збірка законів (прийнятих се сією законодавчих зборів штату, США)- consular law консульське право- diplomatic law дипломатичне право- fundamental law основний закон, конституція- internal law внутрішнє право- international law міжнародне право- international humanitarian law міжнародне гуманітарне право- international private law міжнародне приватне право- martial law військовий стан- objective laws об'єктивні закономірності- private law приватне право- public law публічне право- international public law міжнародне публічне право- international regional law міжнародне регіональне право- statute law статутне право, "писаний закон"- universal international law універсальне міжнародне право- basic laws of development основні закони розвитку- dialectical law of opposites діалектичний закон протилежностей- domestic law of the receiving state національні закони країни перебування- law of economic rationality закон економічної раціональності- law of nations міжнародне право- law of one price закон однієї ціни- L. of the Sea морське право- law of the treaties договірне право- laws of war закони війни- universal law of motion універсальний закон руху/ розвитку- conflict of laws положення двох або більше законів, що суперечать один одному- laws of history історична закономірність- modification of internal law модифікація внутрішнього законодавства- primacy of international law over internal legislation примат міжнародного права над внутрішнім законодавством- in full conformity to international law у цілковитій відповідності з міжнародним правом- in the perspective of international law у світлі міжнародного права- to be pursuant to the domestic law of the receiving state відповідно до національних законів держави перебування- to be under martial law бути у військовому стані, жити в умовах військового стану- to break the law порушити закон- to declare martial law запровадити військовий стан- to evade the law обходити закон- to faithfully execute the law неухильно виконувати закони- to follow the law підкорятись закону; слідувати закону- to keep within the law не порушувати закону; триматись в рамках закону- to lift martial law відмінити військовий стан- to observe the law підкорятись закону; слідувати закону- law and order правопорядок -
9 law
1) право ( в объективном смысле)2) закон3) общее право5) юстиция; юристы•according to law — в соответствии с правом, с законом; правомерно | соответствующий праву, закону; правомерный, законный;
law and order — правопорядок;
law and usage of Parliament — парламентский обычай;
law as amended — закон в изменённой редакции;
law as fact — право как факт, право как сущее;
law as norm — право как норма, право как должное;
at law — в соответствии с правом, в силу права, в области права; в рамках общего права;
law Christian — церковное право;
contrary to law — в противоречии с правом; в противоречии с законом | противоречащий праву; противоречащий закону;
law due to expire — закон с истекающим сроком действия;
law for the time being — закон, действующий в настоящее время;
law in force — 1. действующее право 2. действующий закон;
in law — по закону;
contemplation in law — 1. юридически значимые намерения, цель 2. точка зрения закона;
law in vigour — действующий закон;
law martial — военное положение;
law merchant — торговое право; обычное торговое право;
law spiritual — церковное право;
to be in trouble with the law — вступить в конфликт с законом;
to carry law into effect — ввести закон в действие;
to clarify the law — разъяснить смысл правовой нормы, закона;
to consult the law — обратиться за разъяснением к закону; обратиться за консультацией к юристу, к адвокату;
to continue existing law — продлевать действие существующей правовой нормы, закона;
to create new law — создавать новую правовую норму; принимать (новый) закон;
to elaborate the law — разрабатывать закон;
to emerge as law — обретать силу закона;
to get into difficulty with the law — вступить в конфликт с законом;
to go to law — обратиться к правосудию;
to keep law current — модернизировать право, закон;
to make laws — законодательствовать;
to practice law — заниматься юридической [адвокатской] практикой;
to provide for by law — предусмотреть законом, узаконить;
to restate the law — переформулировать, перередактировать правовую норму, закон;
to stand to the law — предстать перед судом;
to strain the law — допустить натяжку в истолковании закона;
to teach law — преподавать право;
law unacted upon — закон, который не соблюдается;
within the law — в рамках закона, в пределах закона
- law of armslaw of international organizations — право, регулирующее деятельность международных организаций
- law of civil procedure
- law of conflict of laws
- law of conflict
- law of contract
- law of copyright
- law of corrections
- law of crimes
- law of crime
- law of criminal procedure
- law of domestical relations
- law of domestic relations
- law of employment
- law of equity
- law of evidence
- law of God
- law of honour
- law of industrial relations
- law of international trade
- law of landlord and tenant
- law of marriage
- law of master and servant
- law of merchants
- law of merchant shipping
- law of nations
- law of nature
- law of neighbouring tenements
- law of obligation
- law of outer space
- law of peace
- law of personal property
- law of persons
- law of power
- law of practice
- law of prize
- law of procedure
- law of property
- law of quasi-contract
- law of real property
- law of shipping
- law of substance
- law of succession
- law of taxation
- law of the air
- law of the case
- law of the church
- law of the Constitution
- law of the court
- law of the flag
- law of the land
- law of the sea
- law of the situs
- law of the staple
- law of torts
- law of treaties
- law of trusts
- law of war
- abnormal law
- absolute law
- actual law
- adjective law
- adjective patent law
- administrative law
- admiralty law
- admitted law
- agrarian law
- air carriage law
- ambassadorial law
- American Indian law
- American international law
- Antarctic law
- anti-corrupt practices laws
- antipollution laws
- anti-trust laws
- antiunion laws
- applicable law
- applied law
- bad law
- banking law
- basic law
- binding law
- blue law
- blue sky laws
- Brehon laws
- broken law
- business law
- canon law
- case law
- census disclosure law
- church law
- cited law
- civil law
- club law
- commercial law
- commitment law
- common law
- company law
- comparative law
- compiled laws
- congressional law
- conservation laws
- consolidated laws
- conspiracy law
- constitutional law
- consuetudinary law
- consular law
- continental law
- contract law
- conventional law
- conventional international law
- copyright law
- corporate law
- criminal law
- crown law
- current law
- customary law
- customary international law
- customs law
- decisional law
- diplomatic law
- discriminating law
- discriminatory law
- domestic law
- domiciliary law
- dormant law
- draft law
- dry law
- ecclesiastical law
- economic law
- educational law
- effective law
- efficacious law
- election law
- emergency laws
- employment law
- enacted law
- enforceable law
- enrolled law
- environmental law
- equity law
- established law
- exchange law
- exclusion laws
- executive law
- executively inspired law
- existing law
- ex post facto law
- extradition laws
- extradition law
- factory laws
- factory law
- fair employment practices law
- fair trade laws
- family law
- fecial law
- federal law
- feudal law
- finance law
- fiscal law
- foreign law
- formal law
- free law
- French Canadian law
- fundamental law
- game laws
- general law
- generally applicable law
- gibbet law
- good law
- group law
- Halifax law
- harsh law
- health laws
- highway laws
- highway traffic law
- homestead laws
- housing law
- hovering laws
- humanitarian law
- immutable law
- industrial law
- industrial property case law
- inheritance law
- inner comparative law
- insurance law
- interlocal criminal law
- internal law
- internal-revenue law
- international law
- international law of the sea
- international administrative law
- international conventional law
- international criminal law
- international fluvial law
- international public law
- interpersonal law
- interstate law
- intertemporal law
- intestate laws
- introduced law
- Jim Crow laws
- judaic law
- judge-made law
- judicial law
- judiciary law
- labour relations law
- labour law
- land law
- legislation law
- licensing law
- living law
- Lynch law
- magisterial law
- maritime law
- market law
- marriage law
- martial law
- matrimonial law
- mercantile law
- military law
- mining law
- mob law
- model law
- modern law
- Mohammedan law
- moral law
- municipal law
- national law
- nationality law
- natural law
- naval law
- naval prize law
- neutrality laws
- new law
- no-fault law
- nondiscriminating law
- nondiscriminatory law
- non-enacted law
- nuclear law
- obscenity law
- obsolete law
- occupational safety laws
- official law
- official session law volume
- old law
- organic law
- original law
- ostensible law
- outmoded law
- pamphlet laws
- parliamentary law
- pass law
- passed law
- patent law
- penal law
- permissive law
- personal law
- personal law of origin
- police law
- political law
- poor laws
- positive law
- present law
- prevailing law
- preventive martial law
- prima facie law
- primary law
- prior law
- prison laws
- privacy law
- private law
- private international law
- privilege law
- prize law
- procedural law
- procedural criminal law
- promulgated law
- proper law of the contract
- property law
- proposed law
- provincial law
- public law
- public contract law
- punitive law
- quarantine laws
- real property law
- real law
- regional international law
- relevant law
- remedial law
- retroactive law
- retrospective law
- revenue laws
- road laws
- road transport law
- Roman Civil law
- Roman law
- safety laws
- sea law
- secular law
- session law
- settled law
- slip law
- social security law
- social law
- sound law
- space law
- special law
- speed law
- standing law
- state law
- state-use law
- state-wide law
- statute law
- stringent law
- subsidiary law
- succession law
- sumptuary laws
- Sunday closing laws
- superior law
- supreme law of the land
- tacit law
- tariff law
- tax law
- territorial law
- trade laws
- traditional law
- traffic laws
- transnational law
- treaty law
- unalterable law
- unenforceable law
- unified laws
- uniform law
- ununified laws
- unwritten law
- unwritten constitutional law
- vagrancy laws
- wage and hour laws
- war law
- welfare laws
- wildlife law
- working law
- written law
- written constitutional law
- zoning law
- electoral law
- financial law
- indefeasible law
- merchant law
- statutory law -
10 law
n1) закон- in law2) право; правоведение; законодательство- take law proceedings against smb.- institute law proceedings against smb.4) закон (природы, научный)5) правило•- land law- remain under the protection and authority of the principles of international law- club law- case law- good law- law act- air law -
11 Evans, Oliver
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 13 September 1755 Newport, Delaware, USAd. 15 April 1819 New York, USA[br]American millwright and inventor of the first automatic corn mill.[br]He was the fifth child of Charles and Ann Stalcrop Evans, and by the age of 15 he had four sisters and seven brothers. Nothing is known of his schooling, but at the age of 17 he was apprenticed to a Newport wheelwright and wagon-maker. At 19 he was enrolled in a Delaware Militia Company in the Revolutionary War but did not see active service. About this time he invented a machine for bending and cutting off the wires in textile carding combs. In July 1782, with his younger brother, Joseph, he moved to Tuckahoe on the eastern shore of the Delaware River, where he had the basic idea of the automatic flour mill. In July 1782, with his elder brothers John and Theophilus, he bought part of his father's Newport farm, on Red Clay Creek, and planned to build a mill there. In 1793 he married Sarah Tomlinson, daughter of a Delaware farmer, and joined his brothers at Red Clay Creek. He worked there for some seven years on his automatic mill, from about 1783 to 1790.His system for the automatic flour mill consisted of bucket elevators to raise the grain, a horizontal screw conveyor, other conveying devices and a "hopper boy" to cool and dry the meal before gathering it into a hopper feeding the bolting cylinder. Together these components formed the automatic process, from incoming wheat to outgoing flour packed in barrels. At that time the idea of such automation had not been applied to any manufacturing process in America. The mill opened, on a non-automatic cycle, in 1785. In January 1786 Evans applied to the Delaware legislature for a twenty-five-year patent, which was granted on 30 January 1787 although there was much opposition from the Quaker millers of Wilmington and elsewhere. He also applied for patents in Pennsylvania, Maryland and New Hampshire. In May 1789 he went to see the mill of the four Ellicot brothers, near Baltimore, where he was impressed by the design of a horizontal screw conveyor by Jonathan Ellicot and exchanged the rights to his own elevator for those of this machine. After six years' work on his automatic mill, it was completed in 1790. In the autumn of that year a miller in Brandywine ordered a set of Evans's machinery, which set the trend toward its general adoption. A model of it was shown in the Market Street shop window of Robert Leslie, a watch-and clockmaker in Philadelphia, who also took it to England but was unsuccessful in selling the idea there.In 1790 the Federal Plant Laws were passed; Evans's patent was the third to come within the new legislation. A detailed description with a plate was published in a Philadelphia newspaper in January 1791, the first of a proposed series, but the paper closed and the series came to nothing. His brother Joseph went on a series of sales trips, with the result that some machinery of Evans's design was adopted. By 1792 over one hundred mills had been equipped with Evans's machinery, the millers paying a royalty of $40 for each pair of millstones in use. The series of articles that had been cut short formed the basis of Evans's The Young Millwright and Miller's Guide, published first in 1795 after Evans had moved to Philadelphia to set up a store selling milling supplies; it was 440 pages long and ran to fifteen editions between 1795 and 1860.Evans was fairly successful as a merchant. He patented a method of making millstones as well as a means of packing flour in barrels, the latter having a disc pressed down by a toggle-joint arrangement. In 1801 he started to build a steam carriage. He rejected the idea of a steam wheel and of a low-pressure or atmospheric engine. By 1803 his first engine was running at his store, driving a screw-mill working on plaster of Paris for making millstones. The engine had a 6 in. (15 cm) diameter cylinder with a stroke of 18 in. (45 cm) and also drove twelve saws mounted in a frame and cutting marble slabs at a rate of 100 ft (30 m) in twelve hours. He was granted a patent in the spring of 1804. He became involved in a number of lawsuits following the extension of his patent, particularly as he increased the licence fee, sometimes as much as sixfold. The case of Evans v. Samuel Robinson, which Evans won, became famous and was one of these. Patent Right Oppression Exposed, or Knavery Detected, a 200-page book with poems and prose included, was published soon after this case and was probably written by Oliver Evans. The steam engine patent was also extended for a further seven years, but in this case the licence fee was to remain at a fixed level. Evans anticipated Edison in his proposal for an "Experimental Company" or "Mechanical Bureau" with a capital of thirty shares of $100 each. It came to nothing, however, as there were no takers. His first wife, Sarah, died in 1816 and he remarried, to Hetty Ward, the daughter of a New York innkeeper. He was buried in the Bowery, on Lower Manhattan; the church was sold in 1854 and again in 1890, and when no relative claimed his body he was reburied in an unmarked grave in Trinity Cemetery, 57th Street, Broadway.[br]Further ReadingE.S.Ferguson, 1980, Oliver Evans: Inventive Genius of the American Industrial Revolution, Hagley Museum.G.Bathe and D.Bathe, 1935, Oliver Evans: Chronicle of Early American Engineering, Philadelphia, Pa.IMcN -
12 Johnson, Eldridge Reeves
SUBJECT AREA: Recording[br]b. 18 February 1867 Wilmington, Delaware, USAd. 14 November 1945 Moorestown, New Jersey, USA[br]American industrialist, founder and owner of the Victor Talking Machine Company; developer of many basic constructions in mechanical sound recording and the reproduction and manufacture of gramophone records.[br]He graduated from the Dover Academy (Delaware) in 1882 and was apprenticed in a machine-repair firm in Philadelphia and studied in evening classes at the Spring Garden Institute. In 1888 he took employment in a small Philadelphia machine shop owned by Andrew Scull, specializing in repair and bookbinding machinery. After travels in the western part of the US, in 1891 he became a partner in Scull \& Johnson, Manufacturing Machinists, and established a further company, the New Jersey Wire Stitching Machine Company. He bought out Andrew Scull's interest in October 1894 (the last instalment being paid in 1897) and became an independent general machinist. In 1896 he had perfected a spring motor for the Berliner flat-disc gramophone, and he started experimenting with a more direct method of recording in a spiral groove: that of cutting in wax. Co-operation with Berliner eventually led to the incorporation of the Victor Talking Machine Company in 1901. The innumerable court cases stemming from the fact that so many patents for various elements in sound recording and reproduction were in very many hands were brought to an end in 1903 when Johnson was material in establishing cross-licencing agreements between Victor, Columbia Graphophone and Edison to create what is known as a patent pool. Early on, Johnson had a thorough experience in all matters concerning the development and manufacture of both gramophones and records. He made and patented many major contributions in all these fields, and his approach was very business-like in that the contribution to cost of each part or process was always a decisive factor in his designs. This attitude was material in his consulting work for the sister company, the Gramophone Company, in London before it set up its own factories in 1910. He had quickly learned the advantages of advertising and of providing customers with durable equipment and records. This motivation was so strong that Johnson set up a research programme for determining the cause of wear in records. It turned out to depend on groove profile, and from 1911 one particular profile was adhered to and processes for transforming the grooves of valuable earlier records were developed. Without precise measuring instruments, he used the durability as the determining factor. Johnson withdrew more and more to the role of manager, and the Victor Talking Machine Company gained such a position in the market that the US anti-trust legislation was used against it. However, a generation change in the Board of Directors and certain erroneous decisions as to product line started a decline, and in February 1926 Johnson withdrew on extended sick leave: these changes led to the eventual sale of Victor. However, Victor survived due to the advent of radio and the electrification of replay equipment and became a part of Radio Corporation of America. In retirement Johnson took up various activities in the arts and sciences and financially supported several projects; his private yacht was used in 1933 in work with the Smithsonian Institution on a deep-sea hydrographie and fauna-collecting expedition near Puerto Rico.[br]BibliographyJohnson's patents were many, and some were fundamental to the development of the gramophone, such as: US patent no. 650,843 (in particular a recording lathe); US patent nos. 655,556, 655,556 and 679,896 (soundboxes); US patent no. 681,918 (making the original conductive for electroplating); US patent no. 739,318 (shellac record with paper label).Further ReadingMrs E.R.Johnson, 1913, "Eldridge Reeves Johnson (1867–1945): Industrial pioneer", manuscript (an account of his early experience).E.Hutto, Jr, "Emile Berliner, Eldridge Johnson, and the Victor Talking Machine Company", Journal of AES 25(10/11):666–73 (a good but brief account based on company information).E.R.Fenimore Johnson, 1974, His Master's Voice was Eldridge R.Johnson, Milford, Del.(a very personal biography by his only son).GB-NBiographical history of technology > Johnson, Eldridge Reeves
См. также в других словарях:
Basic Pilot Program — Basic Pilot was the official name of this program for the first ten years of its existence beginning in November 1997. The program s official name has since been changed to e verify but much of the press and public still continues using the… … Wikipedia
Basic Allowance for Housing — (B A H) is a United States military entitlement given to many military members. It was previously called Basic allowance for quarters (BAQ).How It WorksBAH is given to members so that they can provide housing for themselves and their dependents… … Wikipedia
Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany — Germany This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Germany … Wikipedia
Basic Laws of Israel — Israel This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Israel Basic Laws Jerusalem Law … Wikipedia
Basic Law of Saudi Arabia — The Basic Law of Saudi Arabia ( ar. النظام الأساسي للحكم بالمملكة العربية السعودية) (Alternative name: Basic System of Governance) is a constitution like charter divided into nine chapters, consisting of 83 articles. [… … Wikipedia
Basic Occupational Health Services — The Basic Occupational Health Services are an application of the primary health care principles in the sector of occupational health. Primary health care definition can be found in the World Health Organization Alma Ata declaration from the year… … Wikipedia
Legislation on Chinese Indonesians — Indonesian law affecting Chinese Indonesians were conducted through a series of laws, directives, or constitutions enacted by the Government of Indonesia that affected the lives of Chinese Indonesians or Chinese nationals living in Indonesia… … Wikipedia
Basic Law: cabinet — The cabinet or government is the central policymaking body of the Israeli governmental system. From statehood until 1996, the president was empowered to designate a member of Knesset, almost always the leader of the party holding the most… … Historical Dictionary of Israel
Legislation of the Provisional Government of Hong Kong — Legislations of the Provisional Government of Hong Kong were bills that were introduced and passed into law by the Provisional Legislative Council from 1997 to 1998.Laws passed before 1 July 1997 were passed by a legislature that sat as the… … Wikipedia
Basic Law: the judiciary — Passed on 28 February 1984 by the 10th Knesset, the law deals with the judicial authority; the institutions of the judiciary; the principle of independence on matters of judgment; the openness of judicial proceedings; the appointment of judges … Historical Dictionary of Israel
Health legislation — Basic terms The terms legislation and law are used to refer generically to statutes, regulation and other legal instruments (e.g. ministerial decrees) that may be the forms of law used in a particular country.In general, there are a wide range of … Wikipedia