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21 Έρῑνῡς
Έρῑνύ̄ς, -ύοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: name of a revenging god(dess), orig. perh. the revenging soul of the the murdered man; appellativ. `revenge, curse' (Il.), name of Demeter in Arcadia (Antim., Call., Paus. 8, 25, 6).Other forms: On the length of the υ see LSJ. Εριννυς rejected by LSJDialectal forms: Myc. Erinu.Derivatives: ἐρινυώδης `like the E.' (Plu.); ἐρινύω = θυμῳ̃ χρῆσθαι (Arc., Paus. l. c., EM), cf. Bechtel Dial. 1, 390.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Uncertain; diff. proposals: to ἔρις, ὀρίνω (Solmsen KZ 42, 230 n. 2), to Skt. ríṣyati `be damaged' (Ehrlich Sprachgesch. 35, Prellwitz KZ 47, 187); to Skt. roṣati, ruṣyati `be unpleasant, be angry' with dissimilation υ-υ to ι-υ (Froehde BB 20, 187f.); cf. Kretschmer Glotta 9, 233. Etym. from Sanskrit are improbable - A connection with the mythical stallion Έρίων ( Άρίων, ΌρίϜων; Bechtel Dial. 1, 349; s. also v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 399f.) requires further demonstration. - On the Erinyes Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 100f. - It is to be expected that the name is Pre-Greek. Cf. Herter, Lexis 3(1954)232 and Arena, Helikon 6 (1966)144f. Neumann, Sprache 32 (1986) 43-51 proposes * eri-snh₁-u- `who provokes struggle', from * sneh₁- as in νεῦρον. This would give, however, * eri-san-u- \> * eri-(h)anu-; this could be avoided by assuming that the laryngeal was lost in the compound. But does `provoke struggles' fit? Heubeck, Glotta 64 (1986), who accepts Neumann, answers no; (in fact he says that such a meaning "zwar nicht restlos geschwunden, aber doch... weitgehend zurückgedrängt worden ist", p. 164. The Erinyes have nothing to do with ἔρις, and the proposal cannot be correct; their primary function is to punish. So there is no good IE etymology and the word will be Pre-Greek. (The ending -ῡς would have to be from - uH-s, i.e. - u-h₂- (there is no suffix - uH-_), but Motionsfem. of this type in Greek are not known). I think that the ending is Pre-Greek. Also the variation ν\/νν may represent a palatal (phoneme) ny (cf. ly in Α᾽χιλ(λ)εύς; for the phenomenon see Beekes, Pre-Greek B 1).Page in Frisk: 1,559Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Έρῑνῡς
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22 εἰσάγω
εἰσάγω fut. εἰσάξω LXX; 2 aor. εἰσήγαγον GJs 10:1; pf. 2 pl. εἰσαγειόχατε 1 Km 21:16; aor. pass. εἰσήχθην LXX (Hom.+) bring or lead in/into τινά someone J 18:16; GJs 18:1; Lk 2:27. τινὰ εἴς τι someone into someth. (X., An. 1, 6, 11; 4 Km 9:2; Jos., Ant. 1, 38; Just., D. 113, 3; Ar. 15, 7 ὑπὸ στέγην) into a city Ac 9:8; barracks 21:37; 22:24; arena MPol 6:2; house Lk 22:54; B 3:3 (Is 58:7); temple Ac 21:28f (on the implications of alleged violation of temple sanctity s. Boffo, Iscrizioni no. 32 p. 283f [lit.]); cp. B 16:9; Ox 840, 8; ἐν τῷ ναῷ GJs 10:1; the Kingdom MPol 20:2 (cp. TestJob 47:3 εἰς τὸν μείζονα αἰῶνα); the world 1 Cl 38:3; cp. B 6:16; a tomb GPt 6:24. τὸν πρωτότοκον εἰς τὴν οἰκουμένην firstborn son into the world Hb 1:6. ὧδε Lk 14:21.—τὶ Ac 7:45.—M-M. -
23 θηρίον
θηρίον, ου, τό (Hom.+), in form, but not always in mng., dim. of θήρ.① any living creature, excluding humans, animal, beastⓐ of real animalsα. gener. Hb 12:20. τὰ θ. τῆς γῆς (Gen 1:24, 25, 30) B 6:12; cp. vs. 18; GJs 3:2; τῆς θαλάσσης B 4:5 (Da 7:7). W. adj. θ. ἄγρια (X., An. 1, 2, 7; TestSol 10, 3 C) 1 Cl 56:11 (Job 5:22).β. of animals of a particular kind.א. quadrupeds as such (Ps.-Clemens, Hom. 3, 36): Js 3:7; φυλακὴ παντὸς θηρίου ἀκαθάρτου cage for every kind of unclean animal Rv 18:2.ב. wild animals (Diod S 1, 87, 3; Jos., Bell. 3, 385, Ant. 9, 197) Mk 1:13 (FSpitta, ZNW 5, 1904, 323ff; 8, 1907, 66ff.—Himerius, Or. 39 [=Or. 5], 5: Orpheus in the Thracian mountains, where he has no one to listen to him θηρίων τὴν ἐκκλησίαν ἐργάζεται=forms a community for himself from the wild animals); so perh. Ac 11:6 (s. Hs 9, 26, 1 below).—1689–92.ג. w. emphasis on aspect of danger: gener. (Antig. Car. 29 [wolf]; Diod S 17, 92, 2 and 3 [lion]; Maximus Tyr. 20, 2b; Jos., Ant. 2, 35) Rv 6:8 (cp. Hdt. 6, 44, 3); IEph 7:1.ד. a reptile snake (Diod S 20, 42, 2, alternating with ὄφις; Polyaenus 2, 3, 15 with ἔχις; Aretaeus 159, 8 τὸ διὰ τ. θηρίων φάρμακον; 163, 2; Just., A I, 60, 2; Galen IV 779 K.; θήρ=snake: Simias [III B.C.], Coll. Alex. Fgm. 26, 17 p. 119) Ac 28:4f; Hs 9, 26, 7b; so also ibid. 7a and prob. 9, 26, 1 w. ἑρπετά (cp. Ac 11:6; Jos., Ant. 17, 117). Cp. PtK 2 p. 14, 18.γ. oft. of wild animals in a controlled setting, namely of fighting w. animals in an arena (Diod S 36, 10, 3; Artem. 2, 54; Jos., Bell. 7, 38) IRo 4:1f; 5:2f; ISm 4:2a, b; MPol 3:1; 4; 11:1f; Dg 7:7; Hv 3, 2, 1; AcPl Ha 1, 28; 2, 4; 5, 5 and 9. εἰς τὰ θηρία κατακρίνεσθαι be condemned to fight w. wild animals MPol 2:4. κατέκρινεν αὐτὸν εἰς θηρία AcPl Ha 1, 29.ⓑ of animal-like beings of a transcendent kind (Paus. 1, 24, 6 griffins; 2, 37, 4 the hydra; cp. Da 7:3ff) B 4:5 (Da 7:7). Of a monstrous dragon (schol. on Apollon. Rhod. 4, 156–66a the guardian of the golden fleece; Damascius, Vi. Isid. 140) Hv 4, 1, 6; 4, 1, 8; 4, 1, 10; 4, 2, 1; 4, 2, 3ff; 4, 3, 1 and 7 (on the monster in H, s. Joly p. 113 n. 2). The ‘beasts’ or ‘animals’ of Rv: 11:7; 13:1ff, 11f, 14f, 17f; 14:9, 11; 15:2; 16:2, 10, 13; 17:3, 7f, 11ff, 16f; 19:19f; 20:4, 10.—Lit. s.v. δράκων. BMurmelstein, StKr 101, 1929, 447–57; RSchütz, D. Offb. d. Joh. u. Kaiser Domitian ’33; PMinear, JBL 72, ’53, 93–101.② wicked person, someone w. a ‘bestial’ nature, beast, monster, fig. ext. of mng. 1 (Aristoph., Equ. 273, Plutus 439, Nub. 184; Appian [s. θηριομαχέω, end]; Alciphron 2, 17, 4 al.; Achilles Tat. 6, 12, 3; Jos., Bell. 1, 624; 627, Ant. 17, 117 and 120; cp. Vett. Val. 78, 9; BGU 1024 IV, 5ff) Tit 1:12 (Damascius, Vi. Isid. 301 the wife of Isid. is called a κακὸν θ.). θ. ἀνθρωπόμορφα beasts in human form (Philo, Ab. 33) ISm 4:1.—B. 137. DELG s.v. θήρ. 1689–92. M-M. EDNT. TW. -
24 παράθυρος
παράθυρος, ου, ἡ (since PMichZen 38, 11 [III B.C.] side entrance ἐλθὼν κατὰ τὴν παράθυρον τοῦ σταδίου the lion approached the side door of the arena AcPl Ha 2, 5.—S. DELG s.v. θύρα. -
25 προσβιάζομαι
προσβιάζομαι mid. dep.; fut. προσβιάσομαι; 1 aor. ptc. προσβιασάμενος (Aristoph., Pla.) to force to do someth., compel, use force in our lit. only of the conduct of a martyr in the arena toward animals which show no inclination to attack him; abs. προσβιάσομαι I will use force IRo 5:2. προσβιασάμενος by force MPol 3:1.—DELG s.v. βία.Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > προσβιάζομαι
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26 σύντομος
σύντομος, ον (Aeschyl., Hdt. et al.; pap, LXX; TestSol 8, 12 P; TestZeb 4:6; Jos., Bell. 4, 228) ‘cut short’.① pert. to being brief or concise about someth., short, brief (‘terse and to the point’ Aeschin., Or. 2, 51; Philo, Praem. 50) of beasts in action εὔχομαι σύντομά μοι εὑρεθῆναι I pray that they be found quick for me = I pray that (the beasts) might deal with me speedily IRo 5:2 (but s. 2 below).② pert. to being ready for someth. that is to be done, close at hand, ready (of Nemesis, Anth. 12, 12, 2.—Jos., Bell. 4, 227) of ravenous beasts in the arena IRo 5:2 (s. 1 above). -
27 ὄργανον
ὄργανον, ου, τό (Soph., Pla. et al.; pap, LXX; PsSol 15:3; TestSol 8:2 L; EpArist 101; Philo; Jos., Bell. 2, 230; Just., D. 110, 3 πολεμικὰ ὄρ.; Ath.) tool τὰ ὄρ. τοῦ διαβόλου the tools of the devil 2 Cl 18:2. Lightfoot proposed a military metaph. for this passage, cp. 2 Macc 12:27; Eph 6:16.—Also of that which is used to bring about an event (e.g. wood for a structure: Pla., Leg. 3, 678d of tools used for cutting of wood; Ps.-Aristot., Mirabilia 108 of tools designed for the wooden horse) τὰ πρὸς τὴν πυρὰν ἡρμοσμένα ὄρ. materials prepared for the pile (to be burned) MPol 13:3. Since the pyre itself has taken shape out of wood that was gathered (vs. 2), the ὄρ. must refer to the incendiary material placed around Polycarp (αὐτῷ περιετίθετο) and designed to produce an intense flame (for ἁρμοζω w. πρός in the sense ‘suited to, designed for’ cp. Isoc. 2, 34; s. ἁρμόζω 2, and for the phrase ἡρμ. ὄρ. s. 2 Km 6:5, 14).—Fig. of the animals in the arena as the implements through which the martyr becomes a perfect sacrifice to God IRo 4:2.—B. 586. DELG. -
28 αρένα
1) aréna2) manéž
- 1
- 2
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