antistes

antistĕs, ĭtis, m. and f. ( fem. also antistĭta, ae, like hospita from hospes, sospita from sospes, clienta from cliens, Inscr. Orell. 2200; cf. Charis. p. 77 P.; Prisc. p. 650 P.) [antisto = antesto, q. v.; pr. adj., standing before], an overseer, president.

Lit.

In gen. (rare):

vindemiatorum,

Col. 3, 21, 6:

imperii Romani,

Tert. Apol. 1. —In fem., a female overseer:

latrinarum,

Tert. Pall. 4 fin. —Far more freq.,

Esp., an overseer of a temple, a high-priest:

caerimoniarum et sacrorum,

Cic. Dom. 39, 104; id. Div. 2, 54 fin.:

Jovis,

Nep. Lys. 3, 3; Liv. 9, 34; 1, 7:

sacrorum,

Juv. 2, 113.— In the O. T. simply a priest: et sanctificarentur antistites, * Vulg. 2 Par. 29, 34.—In the Christian writers, a bishop, Cod. Just. 1, 3; 1, 18 et saep.—

In fem., a female overseer of a temple, a chief priestess. — Form antistĕs:

adsiduae templi antistites,

Liv. 1, 20; so id. 23, 24; 31, 14:

perita antistes,

Val. Max. 1, 1, n. 1:

templi aeditua et antistes pudicitia,

Tert. Cult. Fem. 1.— Form antistĭta, Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 10: Veneris antistita, Pollio ap. Charis. p. 77 P.; Att. ap. Non. p. 487, 19:

fani antistitae,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 45; cf. Gell. 13, 20, 22: antistita Phoebi, i. e. Cassandra, so called as prophetess, Ov. M. 13, 410:

Cybeles antistita,

Verg. Cir. 166; Corn. Sev. ap. Charis. p. 77 P.—

Trop., a master in any science or art, as in Engl. high-priest:

artis dicendi antistes,

Cic. de Or. 2, 46, 202:

cultor et antistes doctorum virorum,

Ov. Tr. 3, 14, 1:

artium,

Col. 11, 1, 10:

sapientiae,

Plin. 7, 30, 31, § 110:

philosophiae,

Lact. 5, 2:

juris,

Quint. 11, 1, 69:

justitiae,

Gell. 14, 4:

studiorum liberalium,

Dig. 10, 46, 1.

* * *

* * *

hospĕs, ĭtis ( gen. plur. hospitium, Liv. 4, 35, 4), m.; hospĭta, ae, f. (cf. antistita from antistes, sospita from sospes, sacerdota from sacerdos, etc., but hospes, f., Att. ap. Non. 279, 11;

Trag. Fragm. v. 51 Rib.: hospes amica,

Ov. F. 6, 510:

Aurora,

Stat. Th. 6, 272; Sen. Agam. 318 al.) [= hostipets, hostis, a stranger; pa-, root of pasco, pater, to feed, hence],

He who entertains a stranger, a host (one who entertains gratuitously, as a friend: caupo, one who entertains for pay);

form hospes: alterum ad cauponem devertisse, ad hospitem alterum,

Cic. Div. 1, 27, 57; so id. Fin. 5, 2, 4:

tendimus hinc recta Beneventum, ubi sedulus hospes Paene macros, arsit, dum turdos versat in igne, etc.,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 71:

succinctus,

id. ib. 2, 6, 107:

amabilis,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 132:

hospitis affectu salutare,

with a host's politeness, Juv. 8, 161.—Esp., one upon whom soldiers are quartered, Tac. H. 2, 66; 3, 41.—Hence repeated of both host and guest:

per dexteram istam te oro, quam regi Deiotaro hospes hospiti porrexisti,

Cic. Deiot. 3, 8; so,

non hospes ab hospite tutus,

Ov. M. 1, 144:

Juppiter, = hospitalis,

id. ib. 10, 224.— Fem., hospita, she who entertains a guest, a hostess:

femina primaria, Servilia, vetere Dionis hospita,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 8, § 24:

figura et lineamenta hospitae,

id. ib. 2, 2, 36, §

89: Helene,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 2.—In late Lat., for a concubine, Inscr. Orell. 2669; 4996. —

Transf.

A sojourner, visitor, guest, friend, xenos. Lit.:

in domo clari hominis, in quam et hospites multi recipiendi et admittenda hominum cujusque modi multitudo,

Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139:

libri inter Cratippi commentarios tamquam hospites recipiendi,

id. ib. 3, 33, 121:

recipere hospites,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 25, § 65:

accipere hospitem,

id. Fam. 9, 26 fin.:

non hospites, sed peregrini atque advenae,

id. Agr. 2, 34, 94:

habuisses non hospitem, sed contubernalem,

id. Fam. 9, 20, 1:

et hostem et hospitem vidit,

id. Div. 2, 37, 79; 6, 6, 2:

is qui nuper Romae fuit Menedemus hospes meus,

id. de Or. 1, 19, 85; cf. id. Lael. 7, 24:

Polybius noster hospes,

id. Rep. 4, 3:

id factum ex suis hospitibus Caesar cognoverat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 6, 2:

in suos notos hospitesque quaerebant,

id. B. C. 1, 74, 5:

hospes familiae vestrae,

Cic. Lael. 11, 36: homo multorum [p. 867] hospitum, id. Clu. 59, 163:

mihi seu longum post tempus venerat hospes Sive, etc.,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 118:

si vespertinus subito te oppresserit hospes,

id. ib. 2, 4, 17:

hospite venturo, cessabit nemo tuorum,

Juv. 14, 59: in officiis apud majores ita observatum est: primum tutelae, deinde hospiti, deinde clienti, tum cognato, postea adfini, Sabin. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 5.—In fem.:

meamne hic in via hospitam, Quae heri huc Athenis cum hospite advenit meo, etc.,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 8; id. ib. 71; Ter. And. 2, 6, 8; Cic. Att. 5, 1, 3.—

Opp. to a native, a stranger, foreigner (syn.:

advena, peregrinus, peregrinator, alienus): adeone hospes hujusce urbis, adeone ignarus es disciplinae consuetudinisque nostrae, ut haec nescias?

Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 28:

nec peregrinus atque hospes in agendo,

id. de Or. 1, 50, 218:

nos in nostra urbe peregrinantes errantesque tamquam hospites tui libri quasi domum deduxerunt,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 9.—So in addressing a foreigner, like the Gr. xene, stranger:

cum (Theophrastus) percontaretur ex anicula quadam, quanti aliquid venderet, et respondisset illa atque addidisset, Hospes, non pote minoris: tulisse eum moleste, se non effugere hospitis speciem, cum aetatem ageret Athenis optimeque loqueretur,

id. Brut. 46, 172; Quint. 8, 1, 2: dic, hospes, Spartae, nos te hic vidisse jacentes, Cic. poët. Tusc. 1, 42, 101 (a transl. of the Gr. Ô xein, angellein Aakedaimoniois, etc., Herod. 7, 228): hospes, quid miras curare Serapin? Varr. ap. Non. 480, 30; Prop. 4, 1, 1.— Fem., hospita, a female stranger:

hanc hospitam crepidula ut graphice decet,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 3.—

Hence, a stranger in any matter, ignorant of, unacquainted with:

si erit idem in consuetudine civitatis hospes,

Cic. de Or. 2, 30, 131:

vos ignoretis, vos hospites in hac urbe versamini,

id. Mil. 12, 33.—

Of inanim. or abstr. things adjectively, hospitable; strange, foreign.

Form hospes (only in post-Aug. poets): gemma, Pall. Insit. init.:

tecta, etc.,

Stat. Th. 12, 479:

cymba,

id. S. 5, 1, 252:

honor,

Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 650.—

Form hospita (in the fem. and neutr. plur. mostly poet.): hirundines hospitae, Varr. ap. Arn. 6, 207:

navis,

Ov. F. 1, 340:

quo tutior hospita lustres Aequora,

Verg. A. 3, 377:

conjunx hospita Teucris,

id. ib. 6, 93:

terra hospita,

id. ib. 3, 539:

tecta,

Val. Fl. 2, 650:

flumina,

Stat. Th. 4, 842:

litora mundo,

id. S. 3, 5, 75:

unda plaustris,

bearing wagons on its frozen surface, Verg. G. 3, 362:

vina,

Val. Fl. 1, 44.

lātrīna, ae (collat. forms lăvātrīna, f., and lātrīnum, i, n., Lucil. and Laber. ap. Non. 212, 10 sq.; cf. Lachm. ad Lucr. 2, p. 393), f. [contr. from lavatrina, Varr. L. L. 5, § 118 Müll.; 9, § 68 ib.].

A bath: qui in latrina languet, Lucil. ap. Non. 212, 9.—

A water-closet, privy, Laber. ap. Non. 212, 10; Plaut. Curc. 4, 4, 24; Suet. Tib. 58;

Col. poët. 10, 85.—Form lavatrina,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 118 Müll.—

A brothel:

latrinarum antistes,

Tert. Pall. 4.

pontĭfex ( pontŭ-), fĭcis [doubtless from pons-facio; but the original meaning is obscure], m., a Roman high-priest, a pontiff, pontifex (cf.:

antistes, sacerdos): pontifices, ut Q. Scaevola pontifex maximus dicebat, a posse et facere,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 83 Müll.; Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 20, on the laws of the Twelve Tables; id. de Or. 3, 19, 73; id. Rep. 2, 14, 26; Liv. 1, 20; Ov. F. 6, 454; Hor. C. 3, 30, 9; 2, 14, 28; 3, 23, 12; id. Ep. 2, 1, 26; Juv. 6, 604. Their chief or president was called Pontifex Maximus, Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 18; id. de Or. 2, 12, 51; Liv. 3, 54; 25, 5 et saep.: MAIOR VESTAE, Inscr. (a. 353 p. Chr. n.) Orell. 3184: pontifices minores, a lower class of pontiffs, minor or sub- pontiffs:

scribae pontificis, quos nunc minores pontifices appellant,

Liv. 22, 57, 3; Cic. Har. Resp. 6, 12; Verr. Fl. Fast. ap. Inscr. Orell. 2, p. 408;

Inscr. Cenot. Pisan. ap. Orell. 643: pontifices seu minores seu maximi,

Lact. 5, 19, 12.—

Transf.

The Jewish high-priest:

Pontifex, id est, sacerdos maximus,

Vulg. Lev. 21, 10:

Caiapham pontificem,

id. Johan. 18, 24.—Hence,

In the Christian period, a bishop, Sid. Carm. 16, 6.

pontĭfex ( pontŭ-), fĭcis [doubtless from pons-facio; but the original meaning is obscure], m., a Roman high-priest, a pontiff, pontifex (cf.:

antistes, sacerdos): pontifices, ut Q. Scaevola pontifex maximus dicebat, a posse et facere,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 83 Müll.; Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 20, on the laws of the Twelve Tables; id. de Or. 3, 19, 73; id. Rep. 2, 14, 26; Liv. 1, 20; Ov. F. 6, 454; Hor. C. 3, 30, 9; 2, 14, 28; 3, 23, 12; id. Ep. 2, 1, 26; Juv. 6, 604. Their chief or president was called Pontifex Maximus, Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 18; id. de Or. 2, 12, 51; Liv. 3, 54; 25, 5 et saep.: MAIOR VESTAE, Inscr. (a. 353 p. Chr. n.) Orell. 3184: pontifices minores, a lower class of pontiffs, minor or sub- pontiffs:

scribae pontificis, quos nunc minores pontifices appellant,

Liv. 22, 57, 3; Cic. Har. Resp. 6, 12; Verr. Fl. Fast. ap. Inscr. Orell. 2, p. 408;

Inscr. Cenot. Pisan. ap. Orell. 643: pontifices seu minores seu maximi,

Lact. 5, 19, 12.—

Transf.

The Jewish high-priest:

Pontifex, id est, sacerdos maximus,

Vulg. Lev. 21, 10:

Caiapham pontificem,

id. Johan. 18, 24.—Hence,

In the Christian period, a bishop, Sid. Carm. 16, 6.

săcerdos, ōtis, comm. ( fem. collat. form SACERDOTA, Inscr. Orell. 2184; cf. antistes init.; gen. plur. SACERDOTIVM, Inscr. Orell. 1942) [sacer], a priest; a priestess:

divis aliis alii sacerdotes, omnibus pontifices, singulis flamines sunto... sacerdotum duo genera sunto: unum quod praesit caerimoniis et sacris, alterum quod interpretetur fatidicorum et vatum effata incognita, etc.,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 20; cf. Liv. 1, 19; Suet. Tib. 26:

in collegio sacerdotum,

Cic. Brut. 33, 127:

publici,

Liv. 5, 40; 26, 23; 42, 28; Suet. Vit. 11:

Phoebi,

Verg. A. 3, 80:

sacerdotes casti,

id. ib. 6, 661:

populi Romani,

Gell. 10, 24, 9:

Jovis,

Suet. Galb. 9; cf.

Dialis,

id. Dom. 4:

Dianae Ephesiae,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 73:

maximus (Syracusanorum),

Cic. Verr. 2,2,52, § 128:

tumuloque sacerdos additur Anchiseo,

Verg. A. 5, 760.—In fem.:

sacra Cereris per Graecas semper curata sunt sacerdotes, etc.,

Cic. Balb. 24, 55; id. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 99:

Veneris,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 17; cf.

Veneria,

id. ib. 2, 2, 23; 2, 3, 20;

3, 2, 30: hujus fani,

id. ib. 1, 5, 27.— Absol., Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 73; 2, 4, 27; 2, 5, 22 al.:

Vestae,

a Vestal, Ov. F. 5, 573; Cic. Font. 17, 47 (37): Vestalis, an old formula ap. Gell. 1, 12, 14:

Troïa,

i. e. Ilia, Hor. C. 3, 3, 32 et saep.;

v. the inscriptions in Orell. 2160 sq.—In apposition: proximi nobilissimis ac sacerdotibus viris,

Vell. 2, 124:

in illo adultero sacerdote,

Quint. 5, 10, 104:

sacerdotem anum praecipem Reppulit,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 3, 8; cf.

regina (i. e. Rhea Silvia),

Verg. A. 1, 273.— Transf., sarcastically:

ille popularis, i. e. Clodius (on account of his smuggling himself in among the priestesses of the Bona Dea),

Cic. Sest. 30, 66;

of the same: stuprorum sacerdos,

id. ib. 17, 39:

tyranni sacerdos,

id. Phil. 2, 43, 110.—In eccl. Lat., of Christ as a mediator between God and men, Vulg. Heb. 7, 15.

Săcerdos, ōtis, m. [1. sacerdos], a surname of frequent occurrence, esp. in the gens Licinia:

C. Sacerdos,

a prœtor in Sicily before Verres, Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 27; id. Planc. 11, 27.

săcerdos, ōtis, comm. ( fem. collat. form SACERDOTA, Inscr. Orell. 2184; cf. antistes init.; gen. plur. SACERDOTIVM, Inscr. Orell. 1942) [sacer], a priest; a priestess:

divis aliis alii sacerdotes, omnibus pontifices, singulis flamines sunto... sacerdotum duo genera sunto: unum quod praesit caerimoniis et sacris, alterum quod interpretetur fatidicorum et vatum effata incognita, etc.,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 20; cf. Liv. 1, 19; Suet. Tib. 26:

in collegio sacerdotum,

Cic. Brut. 33, 127:

publici,

Liv. 5, 40; 26, 23; 42, 28; Suet. Vit. 11:

Phoebi,

Verg. A. 3, 80:

sacerdotes casti,

id. ib. 6, 661:

populi Romani,

Gell. 10, 24, 9:

Jovis,

Suet. Galb. 9; cf.

Dialis,

id. Dom. 4:

Dianae Ephesiae,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 73:

maximus (Syracusanorum),

Cic. Verr. 2,2,52, § 128:

tumuloque sacerdos additur Anchiseo,

Verg. A. 5, 760.—In fem.:

sacra Cereris per Graecas semper curata sunt sacerdotes, etc.,

Cic. Balb. 24, 55; id. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 99:

Veneris,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 17; cf.

Veneria,

id. ib. 2, 2, 23; 2, 3, 20;

3, 2, 30: hujus fani,

id. ib. 1, 5, 27.— Absol., Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 73; 2, 4, 27; 2, 5, 22 al.:

Vestae,

a Vestal, Ov. F. 5, 573; Cic. Font. 17, 47 (37): Vestalis, an old formula ap. Gell. 1, 12, 14:

Troïa,

i. e. Ilia, Hor. C. 3, 3, 32 et saep.;

v. the inscriptions in Orell. 2160 sq.—In apposition: proximi nobilissimis ac sacerdotibus viris,

Vell. 2, 124:

in illo adultero sacerdote,

Quint. 5, 10, 104:

sacerdotem anum praecipem Reppulit,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 3, 8; cf.

regina (i. e. Rhea Silvia),

Verg. A. 1, 273.— Transf., sarcastically:

ille popularis, i. e. Clodius (on account of his smuggling himself in among the priestesses of the Bona Dea),

Cic. Sest. 30, 66;

of the same: stuprorum sacerdos,

id. ib. 17, 39:

tyranni sacerdos,

id. Phil. 2, 43, 110.—In eccl. Lat., of Christ as a mediator between God and men, Vulg. Heb. 7, 15.

Săcerdos, ōtis, m. [1. sacerdos], a surname of frequent occurrence, esp. in the gens Licinia:

C. Sacerdos,

a prœtor in Sicily before Verres, Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 27; id. Planc. 11, 27.