aliquid+cum+aliquā+re

pars, partis ( gen. sing. PARTVS, Inscr. Corp. Lat. 197, 12; acc. partim, Cic. de Or. 2, 22, 94; Liv. 26, 46, 8; 31, 36, 9; 23, 11, 11; Sall. J. 89, 1; id. H. 2, 41, 1; v. infra fin.; abl. parti, Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 14; Varr. R. R. 1, 13, 5; Lucr. 1, 1113; 4, 515; nom. plur. parteis, Varr. L. L. 5, 4, 21; gen. plur. partum, Caes. ap. Charis. p. 114 P.), f. [root por; Gr. eporon, gave; peprôtai, is given, destined; Lat. portio; cf. parare], a part, piece, portion, share, etc.

In gen.:

ne expers partis esset de nostris bonis,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 39:

urbis, imperil,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 32, § 84:

duae partes frumenti,

id. ib. 2, 3, 19, §

48: magnas partes habuit publicorum,

id. Rab. Post. 2, 4:

dare partes amicis,

id. ib.:

Belgae pertinent ad inferiorem partem fluminis Rheni,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

copias in quattuor partes distribuerat,

Sall. J. 101, 3:

locare agrum partibus,

Plin. Ep. 9, 37, 3:

pars occidentalis Jordanis,

the west side, Vulg. Jos. 23, 4.—

Magna, bona, multa, major, maxima pars, many, a good many, the majority:

magna pars in iis civitatibus,

Cic. Balb. 8, 21:

major pars populi,

id. Agr. 2, 9, 22:

maxima pars hominum,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 121; cf.:

minor pars populi,

Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 18:

multa pars mei,

Hor. C. 3, 30, 6.—

Pars, some, partitively (= partim):

faciunt pars hominum,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 13; id. Most. 1, 2, 33; id. Capt. 2, 1, 36: pars levem ducere equitum jacturam;

pars, etc.,

Liv. 22, 8; cf. id. 21, 7; 23; 20:

pars triumphos suos ostentantes,

Sall. J. 31, 10:

poscebantque pericula, pars virtute, multi ferocia et cupidine praemiorum,

Tac. H. 5, 11:

tergora deripiunt costis et viscera nudant: Pars in frusta secant,

Verg. A. 1, 212.—Rarely of a single person:

cum pars Niliacae plebis, cum verna Canopi, Crispinus ventilet, etc.,

Juv. 1, 26.—

Parte, in part, partly:

(poma) quae candida parte, Parte rubent,

Ov. M. 3, 483:

melichloros est geminus, parte flavus, parte melleus,

Plin. 37, 11, 73, § 191.—Esp., with magnā, maximā, etc.:

ab semisomnis ac maximā parte inermibus refringi,

Liv. 9, 24, 12 Weissenb. ad loc.:

invalido exercitu et magnā parte pestilentiā absumpto,

id. 24, 34, 14:

quod saxum magnā parte ita proclive est,

id. ib.; 41, 6, 6.—

Pro parte, for one's share or quota, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 59, § 145.—

Ex parte, in part, partly:

ex parte gaudeo,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 9:

de decem viris sacrorum ex parte de plebe creandis,

Liv. 6, 42, 2.—Esp.,

Ex ullā, ex aliquā, ex magnā, ex maximā parte, in any, etc., degree, measure, etc.:

si ullā ex parte sententia hujus interdicti infirmata sit,

Cic. Caecin. 13, 38; id. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:

ex magnā parte tibi assentior,

id. Att. 7, 3, 3:

aut omnino, aut magnā ex parte,

id. Tusc. 1, 1, 1:

saucii ex magnā parte milites,

Liv. 21, 56, 8:

ne minimā quidem ex parte,

not in the slightest degree, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76.—

Multis partibus, by a great deal, much: omnibus partibus, in all respects, altogether:

non multis partibus malit,

Cic. Fin. 3, 11, 36:

quoniam numero multis partibus esset inferior,

Caes. B. C. 3, 84; 3, 80:

in Hortensii sententiam multis partibus plures ituros,

Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 2; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 3:

omnium virorum bonorum vitam omnibus partibus plus habere semper boni quam mali,

in all respects, every way, Cic. Fin. 5, 31, 91.—

In parte, in part, partly (cf. ex parte, supra):

in parte expeditior, in parte difficilior,

Quint. 5, 7, 22; 11, 2, 34:

in parte verum videtur,

id. 2, 8, 6; 4, 5, 13; 10, 7, 25.—

Pro meā, tuā, suā parte, or simply pro parte (for the stronger pro virili parte, v. virilis, II. 2.), for my, your, or his share, to the best of my, your, his, etc., ability:

quibus aliquid opis fortasse ego pro meā, tu pro tuā, pro suā quisque parte ferre potuisset,

Cic. Fam. 15, 15, 3:

pro meā parte adjuvi, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 2, 9:

sciunt ii, qui me norunt, me pro illā tenui infirmāque parte id maxime defendisse, ut, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:

quisquis adest operi, plus quam pro parte laborat,

Ov. F. 4, 301.—Likewise,

In partem, i. q. pro parte, en merei, for one's share, to the best of one's ability:

quodsi pudica mulier in partem juvet Domum (i. e. quae ad eam proprie pertinet),

Hor. Epod. 2, 39 (for which:

age sis tuam partem nunc iam hunc delude,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 89 Fleck., where others read tu in partem).—

Acc. absol.: magnam, maximam partem, in great part, for the most part:

magnam partem ex iambis nostra constat oratio,

Cic. Or. 56, 189; Liv. 5, 14:

maximam partem ad arma trepidantes caedes oppressit,

id. 9, 37, 9:

maximam partem lacte atque pecore vivunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 1.—So, bonam partem, Lucr. 6, 1249.—

In eam partem.

On that side:

in eam partem accipio,

i. e. in that sense, Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 37:

in eam partem peccant, quae cautior est,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 20, 56.—

On that account, with that intent, to the end that:

moveor his rebus omnibus, sed in eam partem, ut salvi sint vobiscum omnes,

Cic. Cat. 4, 2, 3:

has litteras scripsi in eam partem, ne me motum putares,

id. Att. 16, 1, 6.—

In aliam partem, in the opposite direction:

antehac est habitus parcus... is nunc in aliam partem palmam possidet,

for the opposite quality Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 32.—

In utramque partem, on both sides, for and against, pro and con: nullam in partem, on neither side: in mitiorem, in optimam partem, in the most mild or most favorable manner, Cic. Att. 15, 23 init.:

magna vis est fortunae in utramque partem, vel secundas ad res, vel adversas,

id. Off. 2, 6, 19:

neutram in partem,

id. ib.:

neque ego ullam in partem disputo,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 3, § 6:

mitiorem in partem interpretari,

id. Mur. 31, 64:

in optimam partem aliquid accipere,

id. Att. 10, 3, 2; id. Fam. 14, 2, 3: in partem aliquem vocare, to call upon one to take his share, to summon to a division of any thing, id. Caecin. 4, 12.—

Nullā parte, by no means, not at all, Ov. H. 7, 110; Quint. 2, 16, 18.—

Omni parte, and omni a and ex parte, in every respect, entirely:

gens omni parte pacata,

Liv. 41, 34; Hor. S. 1, 2, 38:

quod sit omni ex parte... perfectum,

Cic. Lael. 21, 79:

omnique a parte placebam,

Ov. H. 15, 45.—

Per partes, partly, partially:

quod etsi per partes nonnumquam damnosum est, in summā tamen fit compendiosum,

Col. 1, 4, 5:

per partes emendare aliquid,

Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 10; Dig. 12, 1, 13.—

In omnes partes, in every respect, altogether:

Brundusii jacere in omnes partes est molestum,

Cic. Att. 11, 6, 2; id. Fam. 4, 10, 2; 13, 1, 2.

In partic.

A party, faction, side, etc. (usu. in plur.; syn. factio).

Sing.:

timeo huic nostrae parti, quid hic respondeat,

Ter. And. 2, 5, 8:

cum non liceret mihi nullius partis esse,

Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 1:

a parte heredum intraverant duo,

Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 10:

nec ex advocatis partis adversae judex eligendus,

of the opposite party, Quint. 5, 6, 6; 7, 9, 14; 12, 9, 19 et saep.:

ut alius in aliam partem mente atque animo traheretur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 21.—Hence, esp.: ex alterā parte, on the other hand:

omnia ex alterā parte collocata,

Cic. Off. 3, 3, 11:

si videatis catenas, non minus profecto vos ea species moveat, quam si ex alterā parte cernatis, etc.,

Liv. 22, 59, 15:

idem ex alterā parte et ancilla fecit,

Petr. 18 fin.:

parvuli amplexi patrem tenebant. Ex alterā parte uxor maritum osculis fatigabat,

Just. 23, 2, 9; cf. Cic. Or. 32, 114.—

Plur. (class.;

esp. freq. in Tac.),

Cic. Phil. 13, 20, 47:

erat, inquit, illarum partium,

id. Quint. 21, 69:

in duas partes discedunt Numidae,

Sall. J. 13, 1:

ita omnia in duas partes abstracta sunt,

id. ib. 41, 5:

mihi a spe, metu, partibus rei publicae animus liber erat,

id. C. 4, 2:

ducere aliquem in partes,

Tac. A. 15, 51:

trahere,

id. ib. 4, 60:

transire in partes,

id. H. 1, 70. —

In plur., a part, character, on the stage: primas partes qui aget, is erit Phormio, [p. 1307] the first part, the principal character, Ter. Phorm. prol. 27:

cur partes seni Poëta dederit, quae sunt adulescentium,

a youthful part, id. Heaut. prol. 1; 10:

esse primarum, secundarum, aut tertiarum partium,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 51:

servus primarum partium,

id. Fl. 27, 65.—

Transf. beyond the lang. of the theatre, a part, function, office, duty, etc.—In plur. (class.):

sine illum priores partes hosce aliquot dies Apud me habere,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 71:

in scribendo priores partes alicui tribuere,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, 4:

puero me hic sermo inducitur, ut nullae esse possent partes meae,

so that I could not take a part in it, id. Att. 13, 19, 4:

constantiae, moderationis, temperantiae, verecundiae partes,

id. Off. 1, 28, 98:

has partes lenitatis et misericordiae, quas me natura ipsa docuit semper egi libenter,

id. Mur. 3, 6:

partes accusatoris obtinere,

id. Quint. 2, 8; id. Rosc. Am. 34, 95:

tuum est hoc munus, tuae partes, etc.,

id. Fam. 11, 5, 3:

promitto atque confirmo, me... imperatoris suscepturum officia atque partes,

id. ib. 3, 10, 8:

Antonii audio esse partes, ut de totā eloquentiā disserat,

id. de Or. 2, 7, 26:

transactis jam meis partibus ad Antonium audiendum venistis,

id. ib. 2, 4, 15; id. Att. 7, 26, 2: ut ad partes paratus veniat, qs. prepared to act his part, Varr. R. R. 2, 5; so,

ad partes parati,

Ov. Am. 1, 8, 87; cf. Liv. 3, 10; Gai. Inst. 4, 160; Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 14, 3, 2.—In sing. (mostly post-Aug.):

haec igitur tibi reliqua pars est,... ut rem publicam constituas, etc.,

Cic. Marc. 9, 27:

pars consilii pacisque,

Tac. H. 3, 46:

videri alia quoque hujus partis atque officii,

Quint. 11, 3, 174:

pars defensoris tota est posita in refutatione,

id. 5, 13, 1:

neglegentiae, humilitatis,

id. 9, 4, 35 et saep. (v. Bonnell, Lex. Quint. p. 627).—

A lot, portion, fate:

hancine ego partem capio ob pietatem praecipuam?

Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 4.—

A portion, share, of food, Petr. 33:

equiti Romano avidius vescenti partes suas misit,

Suet. Calig. 18.—Also, the remains of a meal, App. M. 2, p. 125 med. —

A task, lesson:

puer frugi est, decem partes dicit,

Petr. 75, 4; 46, 3; 58, 7; Inscr. Grut. 625, 8; Inscr. Orell. 2872.—

A part, place, region, of the earth.—In plur., Cic. Fam. 12, 7, 2:

Orientis partes,

id. Mur. 41, 89:

in extremis ignoti partibus orbis,

Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 3; cf. Ruhnk. on Ov. H. 18, 197.—

In counting or calculating, a part, fraction; one half, one third, etc., as the context indicates:

tres jam copiarum partes,

fourths, Caes. B. G. 1, 12:

agri partes duae,

thirds, Liv. 8, 1:

duabus partibus peditum amissis,

id. 21, 40:

mulctae novem partes,

tenths, Nep. Timol. 4.—

A part of the body, member:

nam lingua mali pars pessima servi,

Juv. 9, 121.—Esp., the private parts, Ov. F. 1, 437; id. A. A. 2, 584; Auct. Priap. 30; 38; Phaedr. 4, 7.—Of a testicle, Col. 7, 11.—Hence, adv.: partim (old acc. sing.), partly, in part, a part, some of, some.

Lit.

With gen.: cum partim illorum saepe ad eundem morem erat, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 13, 2:

atque haud scio an partim eorum fuerint, qui, etc.,

id. ib. 7, 3, 16: utrum neglegentia partim magistratuum, an, etc., nescio, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 10, 13, 4:

Bruttios Apulosque, partim Samnitium ac Lucanorum defecisse ad Poenos,

Liv. 23, 11.—So, repeated:

corpora partim Multa virum terrae infodiunt avectaque partim Finitimos tollunt in agros,

Verg. A. 11, 204:

partim... partim: cum partim ejus praedae profundae libidines devorassent, partim nova quaedam et inaudita luxuries, partim etiam, etc.,

Cic. Pis. 21, 48:

eorum autem ipsorum partim ejus modi sunt, ut, etc.,

id. Off. 2, 21, 9; 72; id. de Or. 2, 22, 94; 1, 31, 141:

partim copiarum ad tumulum expugnandum mittit, partim ipse ad arcem ducit,

Liv. 26, 46:

eorum autem, quae objecta sunt mihi, partim ea sunt, etc.,

id. 42, 41, 2; Nep. Att. 7, 2.—

With ex:

ex quibus partim tecum fuerunt, partim, etc.,

Cic. Vatin. 7, 16:

partim ex illis distracti ac dissipati jacent,

id. Leg. 2, 17, 42:

cum partim e nobis ita timidi sint, ut, etc.,... partim, etc.,

id. Phil. 8, 11, 32:

ex dubiis partim nobis ipsis ad electionem sunt libera, partim aliorum sententiae commissa,

Quint. 3, 4, 8.—

Absol. (so most freq.): animus partim uxoris misericordiā Devinctus, partim victus hujus injuriis, partly,... partly; in part,... in part, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 92 sq.:

partim quae perspexi his oculis, partim quae accepi auribus,

id. ib. 3, 3, 3:

amici partim deseruerint me, partim etiam prodiderint,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 5:

diuturni silentii... non timore aliquo, sed partim dolore, partim verecundiā, finem hodiernus dies attulit,

id. Marc. 1, 1; Quint. 7, 1, 3:

partim quod... partim quod, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 5, 6, 3:

partim ductu, partim auspiciis suis,

Suet. Aug. 21:

partim cupiditate... partim ambitione... partim etiam inscientiā,

Quint. 12, 11, 14:

Scipio dux partim factis fortibus partim suāpte fortunā quādam ingentis ad incrementa gloriae celebratus converterat animos,

Liv. 29, 26, 5:

postea renuntiavit foro partim pudore, partim metu,

Suet. Rhet. 6.—Sometimes partim is placed only in the second member of a partitive proposition:

Caesar a nobilissimis civibus, partim etiam a se omnibus rebus ornatis, trucidatus,

Cic. Div. 2, 9, 23; id. Verr. 2, 2, 65, § 158.—Sometimes it corresponds to alius, quidam, etc.:

bestiarum terrenae sunt aliae, partim aquatiles, aliae quasi ancipites,

Cic. N. D. 1, 37, 103:

multa inusitata partim e caelo, alia ex terrā oriebantur, quaedam etiam, etc.,

id. Div. 1, 42, 93:

quibusdam placuisse mirabilia quaedam, partim fugiendas esse nimias amicitias,

Cic. Am. 13, 45:

castra hostium invadunt, semisomnos partim, alios arma sumentes fugant,

Sall. J. 21, 2:

Gaetulos accepimus, partim in tuguriis, alios incultius vagos agitare, etc.,

id. ib. 19, 5; 38, 3; 40, 2; cf. id. ib. 13, 2; Gell. 2, 22, 1.—

Transf.

For the most part, chiefly, principally (ante-class.):

mirum quin tibi ego crederem, ut ipse idem mihi faceres, quod partim faciunt argentarii,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 28:

bubulcis obsequitor, partim quo libentius boves curent,

Cato, R. R. 5, 6; 6, 3. —

Of time, sometimes (late Lat.), Scrib. Comp. Med. 53.

hortor, ātus, 1 (archaic inf. pres. hortarier, Plaut. Merc. 4, 2, 5), v. dep. [for horitor, v. horior], to urge one strongly to do a thing, to incite, instigate, encourage, cheer, exhort (freq. and class.; cf.: moneo, admoneo, suadeo).

In gen., constr. aliquem, aliquem ad or in aliquid, ut, ne, with the simple subj., de aliqua re, aliquid, with the inf. or absol.

With acc. pers.:

coquos,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 2, 5 sq.:

hacc, quae supra scripta sunt, eo spectant, ut te horter et suadeam,

Cic. Fam. 13, 4, 3: neque nos hortari neque dehortari decet Hominem peregrinum, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 61:

timentem,

Ov. M. 10, 466:

celeres canes,

id. H. 4, 41; cf.:

terribiles hortatus equos,

spurring on, id. M. 5, 421:

vitulos,

Verg. G. 3, 164:

pedes,

to drive on, Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 7:

senex in culina clamat: hortatur cocos: Quin agitis hodie?

Plaut. Cas. 4, 1, 6:

hortari coepit eundem Verbis, quae timido quoque possent addere mentem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 35.—

Ad or in aliquid:

ad laudem milites,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9:

ad concordiam,

Quint. 6, 1, 50:

ad curam rei publicae,

id. 5, 11, 24:

ad diligentiam,

id. 9, 4, 133:

ad quaerendum,

id. 5, 12, 1:

ad reliqua fortius exsequenda,

id. 4, 5, 23:

paribus Messapum in proelia dictis Hortatur,

Verg. A. 11, 521:

in amicitiam jungendam,

Liv. 43, 19, 14.—

De aliqua re:

iisdem de rebus etiam atque etiam hortor, quibus superioribus litteris hortatus sum,

Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1:

de Aufidiano nomine nihil te hortor,

id. ib. 16, 19:

aliquem de concilianda pace,

Caes. B. C. 1, 26, 3.—

With ut, ne, or the simple subj.:

Pompeium et hortari et orare... ut magnam infamiam fugiat, non desistemus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 2:

petit atque hortatur, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 19 fin.:

ipse equo circumiens unumquemque nominans appellat, hortatur, rogat, uti meminerint, etc.,

Sall. C. 59, 5:

magno opere te hortor, ut, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 3:

ego vos hortari tantum possum, ut amicitiam omnibus rebus humanis anteponatis,

id. Lael. 5, 17; 27, 104:

juvenes ut illam ire viam pergant,

Juv. 14, 121:

te sedulo Et moneo et hortor, ne cujusquam misereat,

Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 7; Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 52:

Ambiorix in Nervios pervenit hortaturque, ne sui in perpetuum liberandi occasionem dimittant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 38, 2:

hortatur eos, ne animo deficiant,

id. B. C. 1, 19, 1.—With the simple subj.:

Labienum Treboniumque hortatur... ad eam diem revertantur,

id. B. G. 6, 33 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 21, 4:

quid ego vos, de vestro impendatis, hortor?

Liv. 6, 15, 10:

hortatur et monet, imitetur vicinum suum Octavium,

Suet. Aug. 3 fin. —

Aliquem aliquid or simply aliquid:

sin tu (quod te jamdudum hortor) exieris,

Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 12: trepidus hortabar fugam, Poët. ap. Charis. 1, 4 fin.:

equidem pacem hortari non desino,

Cic. Att. 7, 14 fin.; so,

pacem amicitiamque,

Nep. Dat. 8, 5:

vias,

Stat. S. 3, 5, 22:

me miseram! cupio non persuadere quod hortor,

Ov. H. 19, 187.—

With inf. or an object-clause (rare):

cum legati hortarentur accipere,

Nep. Phoc. 1, 3:

(Daedalus) dedit oscula nato, Hortaturque sequi,

Ov. M. 8, 215; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 69:

(Chariclem medicum) remanere ac recumbere hortatus est,

Suet. Tib. 72 (cf. in the foll. b.).—

With supine:

neque ego vos ultum injurias hortor,

Sall. H. Fragm. 3, 61, 17 Dietsch.—

Absol.:

hortor, asto, admoneo,

Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 10:

Sigambri fuga comparata, hortantibus iis, quos, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 4, 18 fin.:

hortante et jubente Vercingetorige,

id. ib. 7, 26, 1; Nep. Att. 10, 4 al.—

Of inanim. or abstract things:

pol benefacta tua me hortantur, tuo ut imperio paream,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 60: res, tempus, locus, simul otium hortabatur, ut, etc., Afran. ap. Non. 523, 14:

multae res ad hoc consilium Gallos hortabantur,

Caes. B. G. 3, 18, 6:

secundum ea multae res eum hortabantur, quare sibi eam rem cogitandam et suscipiendam putaret,

id. ib. 1, 33, 2.—With inf.:

(rei publicae dignitas) me ad sese rapit, haec minora relinquere hortatur,

Cic. Sest. 3, 7.—

Prov.:

hortari currentem,

i. e. to urge one who needs no urging, Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 6; id. Att. 13, 45, 2; v. curro. —

In partic., in milit. lang., to exhort soldiers before a battle:

Sabinus suos hortatus cupientibus signum dat,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 2:

pauca pro tempore milites hortatus,

Sall. J. 49, 6:

suos hortando ad virtutem arrigere,

id. ib. 23, 1; Ov. A. A. 1, 207.

Also in the act. form, horto, āre (Prisc. p. 797 P.), Enn. Ann. 554 Vahl.; perf. hortavi, Sen. Suas. 5, 8.—

hortor, āri, in pass. signif.: ab amicis hortaretur, Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 793 P.; cf. Gell. 15, 13, 1: hoste hortato, Auct. B. Hisp. 1 fin.

hortor, ātus, 1 (archaic inf. pres. hortarier, Plaut. Merc. 4, 2, 5), v. dep. [for horitor, v. horior], to urge one strongly to do a thing, to incite, instigate, encourage, cheer, exhort (freq. and class.; cf.: moneo, admoneo, suadeo).

In gen., constr. aliquem, aliquem ad or in aliquid, ut, ne, with the simple subj., de aliqua re, aliquid, with the inf. or absol.

With acc. pers.:

coquos,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 2, 5 sq.:

hacc, quae supra scripta sunt, eo spectant, ut te horter et suadeam,

Cic. Fam. 13, 4, 3: neque nos hortari neque dehortari decet Hominem peregrinum, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 61:

timentem,

Ov. M. 10, 466:

celeres canes,

id. H. 4, 41; cf.:

terribiles hortatus equos,

spurring on, id. M. 5, 421:

vitulos,

Verg. G. 3, 164:

pedes,

to drive on, Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 7:

senex in culina clamat: hortatur cocos: Quin agitis hodie?

Plaut. Cas. 4, 1, 6:

hortari coepit eundem Verbis, quae timido quoque possent addere mentem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 35.—

Ad or in aliquid:

ad laudem milites,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9:

ad concordiam,

Quint. 6, 1, 50:

ad curam rei publicae,

id. 5, 11, 24:

ad diligentiam,

id. 9, 4, 133:

ad quaerendum,

id. 5, 12, 1:

ad reliqua fortius exsequenda,

id. 4, 5, 23:

paribus Messapum in proelia dictis Hortatur,

Verg. A. 11, 521:

in amicitiam jungendam,

Liv. 43, 19, 14.—

De aliqua re:

iisdem de rebus etiam atque etiam hortor, quibus superioribus litteris hortatus sum,

Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1:

de Aufidiano nomine nihil te hortor,

id. ib. 16, 19:

aliquem de concilianda pace,

Caes. B. C. 1, 26, 3.—

With ut, ne, or the simple subj.:

Pompeium et hortari et orare... ut magnam infamiam fugiat, non desistemus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 2:

petit atque hortatur, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 19 fin.:

ipse equo circumiens unumquemque nominans appellat, hortatur, rogat, uti meminerint, etc.,

Sall. C. 59, 5:

magno opere te hortor, ut, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 3:

ego vos hortari tantum possum, ut amicitiam omnibus rebus humanis anteponatis,

id. Lael. 5, 17; 27, 104:

juvenes ut illam ire viam pergant,

Juv. 14, 121:

te sedulo Et moneo et hortor, ne cujusquam misereat,

Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 7; Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 52:

Ambiorix in Nervios pervenit hortaturque, ne sui in perpetuum liberandi occasionem dimittant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 38, 2:

hortatur eos, ne animo deficiant,

id. B. C. 1, 19, 1.—With the simple subj.:

Labienum Treboniumque hortatur... ad eam diem revertantur,

id. B. G. 6, 33 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 21, 4:

quid ego vos, de vestro impendatis, hortor?

Liv. 6, 15, 10:

hortatur et monet, imitetur vicinum suum Octavium,

Suet. Aug. 3 fin. —

Aliquem aliquid or simply aliquid:

sin tu (quod te jamdudum hortor) exieris,

Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 12: trepidus hortabar fugam, Poët. ap. Charis. 1, 4 fin.:

equidem pacem hortari non desino,

Cic. Att. 7, 14 fin.; so,

pacem amicitiamque,

Nep. Dat. 8, 5:

vias,

Stat. S. 3, 5, 22:

me miseram! cupio non persuadere quod hortor,

Ov. H. 19, 187.—

With inf. or an object-clause (rare):

cum legati hortarentur accipere,

Nep. Phoc. 1, 3:

(Daedalus) dedit oscula nato, Hortaturque sequi,

Ov. M. 8, 215; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 69:

(Chariclem medicum) remanere ac recumbere hortatus est,

Suet. Tib. 72 (cf. in the foll. b.).—

With supine:

neque ego vos ultum injurias hortor,

Sall. H. Fragm. 3, 61, 17 Dietsch.—

Absol.:

hortor, asto, admoneo,

Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 10:

Sigambri fuga comparata, hortantibus iis, quos, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 4, 18 fin.:

hortante et jubente Vercingetorige,

id. ib. 7, 26, 1; Nep. Att. 10, 4 al.—

Of inanim. or abstract things:

pol benefacta tua me hortantur, tuo ut imperio paream,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 60: res, tempus, locus, simul otium hortabatur, ut, etc., Afran. ap. Non. 523, 14:

multae res ad hoc consilium Gallos hortabantur,

Caes. B. G. 3, 18, 6:

secundum ea multae res eum hortabantur, quare sibi eam rem cogitandam et suscipiendam putaret,

id. ib. 1, 33, 2.—With inf.:

(rei publicae dignitas) me ad sese rapit, haec minora relinquere hortatur,

Cic. Sest. 3, 7.—

Prov.:

hortari currentem,

i. e. to urge one who needs no urging, Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 6; id. Att. 13, 45, 2; v. curro. —

In partic., in milit. lang., to exhort soldiers before a battle:

Sabinus suos hortatus cupientibus signum dat,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 2:

pauca pro tempore milites hortatus,

Sall. J. 49, 6:

suos hortando ad virtutem arrigere,

id. ib. 23, 1; Ov. A. A. 1, 207.

Also in the act. form, horto, āre (Prisc. p. 797 P.), Enn. Ann. 554 Vahl.; perf. hortavi, Sen. Suas. 5, 8.—

hortor, āri, in pass. signif.: ab amicis hortaretur, Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 793 P.; cf. Gell. 15, 13, 1: hoste hortato, Auct. B. Hisp. 1 fin.

ăgĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [ago], as if the supine were agitu; cf.: quaero quaerito.

Lit., to put a thing in motion, to drive or impel (mostly poet., or in more elevated prose; from poetry it passed, after the Aug. per., into common prose).

Of cattle, to drive, conduct (cf. ago):

calcari quadrupedem agitabo advorsum clivom,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 118:

stimulo boves agitat,

Vulg. Eccli. 38, 26:

hanc in curru bijugos agitare leones,

drives her span of lions, Lucr. 2, 602:

agitantur quadrigae,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 41 Müll.:

ad flumina currus,

Verg. G. 3, 18:

jussit agitari currum suum,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 9, 4: lanigeros greges hirtasque capellas, to drive, poet. for to tend, Verg. G. 3, 287:

sacros jugales (dracones),

Ov. M. 5, 661:

quadrigas bigasque et equos desultorios,

Suet. Caes. 39.—

Of the motion of other things, to move, impel, shake:

triremem in portu,

Nep. Dion, 9, 2:

alas,

Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 21:

manibusque leves agitavit habenas,

id. M. 7, 221:

hastam,

id. ib. 3, 667: caput, to move the head ( in token of assent = annuere), id. ib. 1, 567:

arundinem vento agitatam,

Vulg. Matt. 11, 7.—Esp., of animals, to hunt, chase, pursue: etiamsi excitaturus [p. 72] non sis nec agitaturus feras, Cic. Off. 3, 17:

aquila insectans alias aves atque agitans,

id. Div. 2, 70:

trepidas columbas,

Ov. M. 5, 606; 11, 300:

damas,

id. ib. 10, 539:

cursu timidos onagros,

Verg. G. 3, 409 al. —

Of the motion caused by the wind, to drive to and fro, toss about, agitate, disturb:

ventus enim fit, ubi est agitando percitus aër,

when the air is violently agitated and driven, Lucr. 6, 686:

mare ventorum vi agitari atque turbari,

Cic. Clu. 49 fin.; id. Univ. 3, 7:

freta ponti Incipiunt agitata tumescere,

Verg. G. 1, 357:

aristas,

Ov. A. A. 1, 553:

Zephyris agitata Tempe,

Hor. C. 3, 1, 24:

ventis agitatur pinus,

id. ib. 2, 10, 9:

veteres agitantur orni,

id. ib. 1, 9, 12:

agitaret aura capillos,

id. Epod. 15, 9.—

Of the motion caused by the water: agitata numina Trojae, tossed or driven about upon the sea, Verg. A. 6, 68; Prop. 3, 21, 5.—

In gen., of the motion caused by other things:

magnes (lapis) agitat (ferri ramenta) per aes,

Lucr. 6, 1054:

agitari inter se concursu,

Cic. N. D. 1, 39: pulsu externo agitari, Macr Somn. Scip. 9.— Poet. of mist, to produce it by motion or agitation: dejectuque (Peneus) gravi tenues agitantia fumos Nubila conducit, and by its impetuous descent (into the valley) raises clouds producing mist, Ov. M. 1, 571—

Trop.

To rouse up, excite, move, urge, drive, impel one to something: aliquem, sometimes in aliquid (so in Florus very freq.):

in furias agitantur equae,

are excited to fury, Ov. A. A. 2, 487:

agitare plebem,

to stir up, rouse, Liv. 3, 11:

populum,

Flor. 2, 12, 2; so id. 11, 6, 2 al.:

agitatus cupiditate regni,

id. 3, 1:

gens sacratis legibus agitata in exitium urbis,

id. 1, 16, 7.—

To disquiet, disturb, to drive hither and thither, to vex, trouble, torment (the fig. taken from the sea agitated by storm; cf. Gernh. and Beier upon Cic. Off. 1, 24, 82):

dii deaeque te agitant irati,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 115:

atra bilis agitat hominem,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 64; so id. Curc. 1, 1, 92; 2, 1, 24:

ut eos agitent furiae, neque usquam consistere patiantur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 24 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 331:

scelerum furiis agitatus Orestes,

id. ib. 4, 471):

suum quemque scelus agitat amentiaque afficit,

id. ib. 24:

agitare et insequi poëtas,

Tac. Or. 4; 25 and 41:

multis injuriis jactata atque agita ta,

Cic. Quint. 2:

est magni viri, rebus agitatis (= perturbatis, Beier) punire sontes,

id. Off. 1, 24, 82:

agitabatur animus inopiā rei familiaris et conscientiā scelerum,

Sall. C. 5, 7:

quos conscientia defectionis agitabat,

Tac. Agr. 16:

commotus metu atque libidine diversus agitabatur,

was drawn in different directions, Sall. J 25, 6; Liv. 22, 12. ne te semper inops agitet vexetque cupido, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 98:

quos agitabat timor,

Tac. Agr. 16:

timore et metu agitati,

Vulg. Judith, 15, 1:

injuriis agitatus,

Flor. 1, 8, 7:

seditionibus,

Just. 12, 4, 12.—

To assail with reproach, derision, insult; to reprove, blame, scoff, deride, insult, mock:

agitat rem militarem, insectatur totam legationem,

attacks, ridicules, Cic. Mur. 9, 21; id. Brut. 28, 109: mea saevis agitat fastidia verbis, Hor Epod. 12, 13; without verbis:

agitant expertia frugis,

id. A. P. 341:

vesanum poëtam agitant pueri,

id. ib. 456.—

In gen., to drive or urge on a thing, to accomplish or do, to drive at, to be employed in, be engaged in, to have, hold, keep, to celebrate; v. ago, II. D. (in the historians, esp. Sallust, very freq.):

Haec ego non agitem?

should I not drive at? Juv. 1, 52:

vigilias,

to keep, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 27; so,

custodiam,

id. Rud. 3, 6, 20; so Tac. A. 11, 18:

hoc agitemus convivium vino et sermone suavi,

let us celebrate, Plaut. As. 5, 1, 7:

Dionysia,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 11; so id. Hec. 1, 2, 18:

convivia,

Ov. M. 7, 431; Suet. Claud. 32 festa gaudia, Sil. 15, 423:

meum natalem,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 16;

so festos dies,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 63:

jocos,

Ov. M. 3, 319:

agraria lex a Flavio tribuno plebis vehementer agitabatur,

was powerfully urged, supportcd, Cic. Att. 1, 19:

quae cum praecepta parentis mei agitarem,

was striving to comply with, Sall. J. 14, 2 (modestius dictum pro:

studere, ut agerem, Cort.): laeti pacem agitabamus,

were at peace, enjoyed the delights of peace, id. ib. 14, 10:

dicit se missum a consule venisse quaesitum ab eo, pacem an bellum agitaturus foret,

id. ib. 109, 2:

quoniam deditionis morā induciae agitabantur,

there was a truce, id. ib. 29, 4; id. C. 24, 2.— Poet.:

ceu primas agitant acies, certamina miscent,

as if they formed the front rank, Sil. 9, 330.—Hence of time, esp. life, to pass, spend (cf. ago, II. D 5.):

vita hominum sine cupiditate agitabatur,

Sall. C. 2, 1:

agitare aevum,

Verg. G. 4, 154; id. A. 10, 235:

festos dies,

Tac. H. 3, 78.—In Sall., Tac., Flor., et al., agitare absol., to live, dwell, abide, sojourn, be:

hi propius mare Africum agitabant,

Sall. J 18, 9; cf id. ib. 19, 5; id. Fragm. H. 3, 11; so id. J. 54, 2; 59, 1; 94, 4:

laeti Germant agitabant,

Tac. A. 1, 50:

secretus agitat,

id. ib. 11, 21:

montium editis sine cultu atque eo ferocius agitabant,

id. ib. 4, 46; Flor. 4, 12, 48.—

Of the mind: agitare aliquid or de aliquā re (in corde, in mente, animo, cum animo, secum, etc.), to drive at a thing in the mind, i. e. to turn over, revolve, to weigh, consider, meditate upon, and with the idea of action to be performed or a conclusion to be made, to deliberate upon, to devise, contrive, plot, to be occupied with, to design, intend, etc.: id ego semper mecum sic agito et comparo, Att ap. Non. 256, 20:

quom eam rem in corde agito,

Plaut. Truc 2, 5, 3:

id agitans mecum,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 10; so Sall. J. 113, 3:

habet nihil aliud quod agitet in mente,

Cic. N. D. 1, 41:

est tuum sic agitare animo, ut, etc.,

id. Fam. 6, 1:

quae omnes animo agitabant,

Tac. A. 6, 9:

provincias secretis imaginationibus agitans,

id. ib. 15, 36 in animo bellum, Liv 21, 2; Vell. 1, 16; Quint. 12, 2, 28.—With inf., as object:

ut mente agitaret bellum renovare,

Nep. Ham. 1, 4.— Poet.:

aliquid jamdudum invadere magnum Mens agitat mihi,

Verg. A 9, 187. —Sometimes also without mente, animo, and the like, agitare aliquid, in the same signif:

quodsi ille hoc unum agitare coeperit, esse, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96:

rem a me saepe deliberatam et multum agitatam requiris,

id. Ac. 1, 2: oratori omnia quaesita, disputata, tractata, agitata ( well considered or weighed) esse debent, id. de Or. 3, 14:

fugam,

Verg. A. 2, 640.—So esp. freq. in Tac.:

Britanni agitare inter se mala servitutis, Agr 15: bellum adversus patrem agitare,

id. H. 4, 86, id. A. 1, 5; 1, 12.—With de:

de bello,

Tac. H. 2, 1:

agitanti de Claudio,

id. A. 6, 46:

de tempore ac loco caedis agitabant,

id. ib. 15, 50; 1, 12; id. H. 4, 59.—With num:

agitavere, num Messalinam depellerent amore Silli,

Tac. A. 11, 29; id. H. 1, 19.— With - ne:

agitavere placeretne, etc.,

Tac. H. 3, 1.—With an:

an Artaxata pergeret, agitavit,

Tac. A. 13, 41 —With quomodo, Tac. A. 2, 12.—With ut (of purpose):

ut Neronem pudor caperet, insita spe agitari,

Tac. A. 16, 26.—

To treat or speak of or concerning a thing, to confer about, deliberate upon. Romae per omnīs locos et conventus de facto consulis agitart ( impers., for agitabatur), discussions were had, Sall. J 30, 1;

cum de foedere victor agitaret,

Liv. 9, 5; 30, 3.—

Sat agitare, with gen., in Plaut., = sat agere, to have enough to do, to have trouble with: nunc agitas sat tute tuarum rerum, Bacch. 4, 3, 23.

ălĭquandŏ, temp. adv. [aliquis; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 856, regards the affix in this word and in quando as from an earlier -da = dies].

A.. In opp. to a definite, fixed point of time, at some time or other, once; at any time, ever (i. e. at an indefinite, undetermined time, of the past, present, and future; mostly in affirmative clauses, while umquam is only used of past and future time, and in negative clauses or those implying doubt; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 2, 14, 51).—Of the past: neque ego umquam fuisse tale monstrum in terris ullum puto: quis clarioribus viris quodam tempore jucundior? quis turpioribus conjunctior: quis civis meliorum partium aliquando? Cic. Cael. 5, 12:

Ad quem angelorum dixit aliquando, Sede etc.,

Vulg. Heb. 1, 13.—Of the future:

erit illud profecto tempus et illucescet aliquando ille dies, etc.,

Cic. Mil. 26, 69:

cave, ne aliquando peccato consentias,

Vulg. Tob. 4, 6:

huic utinam aliquando gratiam referre possimus! Habebimus quidem semper,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4:

ne posset aliquando ad bellum faciendum locus ipse adhortari,

id. Off. 1, 11, 35.—Of the present: de rationibus et de controversiis societatis vult dijudicari. Sero: verum aliquando tamen, but yet once, in opp. to not at all, never, Cic. Quint. 13, 43.—

With non, nec (eccl. Lat.):

non peccabitis aliquando,

Vulg. 2 Pet. 1, 10:

nec aliquando defuit quidquam iis,

ib. 1 Reg. 25, 7; 25, 15; ib. Dan. 14, 6; ib 1 Thess. 2, 5.—

In connection with ullus, and oftener, esp. in Cic., with aliquis:

quaerere ea num vel e Philone vel ex ullo Academico audivisset aliquando,

Cic. Ac. 2, 4, 11: Forsitan aliquis aliquando ejusmodi quidpiam fecerit. id. Verr. 2, 32, 78;

ego quia dico aliquid aliquando, et quia, ut fit, in multis exit aliquando aliquid, etc.,

id. Planc 14, 35;

non despero fore aliquem aliquando,

id. de Or. 1, 21, 95:

docendo etiam aliquid aliquando,

id. Or. 42, 144:

Nam aut erit hic aliquid aliquando, etc.,

id. Fam. 7, 11, 2.—So with quisquis:

nec quidquam aliquando periit,

Vulg. 1 Reg. 25, 15; 25, 7.—

Si forte aliquando or si aliquando, if at any time, if ever; or of a distant, but undefined, point of time, if once, at one time, or one day:

si quid hujus simile forte aliquando evenerit,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 40:

quod si aliquando manus ista plus valuerit quam vestra ac rei publicae dignitas, etc.,

Cic. Cat. 4, 10, 20: ampla domus dedecori saepe domino fit, et maxime si aliquando alio domino solita est frequentari, once, i. e. at a former time, id. Off. 1, 39, 139.—

It is often used (opp.: in praesentiā, nunc, adhuc) of an indefinite, past, or future time = olim, quondam, once, formerly; in future time, hereafter:

quod sit in praesentiā de honestate delibatum, virtute aliquando et industriā recuperetur,

Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 174:

aliquando nobis libertatis tempus fuisse, quod pacis vobiscum non fuerit: nunc certe, etc., Liv 25, 29: Iol ad mare, aliquando ignobilis, nunc illustris,

Mel. 1, 6:

Qui aliquando non populus, nunc autem populus Dei,

Vulg. 1 Pet. 2, 10; ib. Philem. 11:

quam concedis adhuc artem omnino non esse, sed aliquando, etc.,

Cic. de Or 1, 58, 246.—Sometimes the point of time in contrast can be determined only from the context:

quaerere num e Philone audivisset aliquando,

Cic. Ac. Pr. 2, 4, 11:

veritus sum deesse Pompeii saluti, cum ille aliquando non defuisset meae,

id. Fam. 6, 6, 10:

aut quisquam nostri misereri potest, qui aliquando vobis hostis fuit?

Sall. J. 14, 17:

Zacynthus aliquando appellata Hyrie,

Plin. 4, 12, 19, § 54; Plin. Ep. 6, 10:

quae aliquando viderat,

Vulg. Gen. 42, 9; ib. 1 Pet. 3, 20.—

Of that which at times happens, in contrast with that which never or seldom occurs, sometimes, now and then = non numquam, interdum (opp.: numquam, raro; semper, saepe).

Te non numquam a me alienārunt, et me aliquando immutārunt tibi, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 2:

liceret ei dicere utilitatem aliquando cum honestate pugnare,

id. Off. 3, 3, 12:

sitne aliquando mentiri boni viri?

id. de Or. 3, 29, 113; Quint. 5, 13, 31:

multa proelia et aliquando non cruenta,

Tac. Agr. 17; Suet. Aug. 43.—

With numquam, raro; semper, saepe, saepius, modo in another clause:

convertit se aliquando ad timorem, numquam ad sanitatem,

Cic. Sull. 5, 17:

senatumque et populum numquam obscura nomina, etiam si aliquando obumbrentur,

Tac. H. 2, 32:

quod non saepe, atque haud scio an umquam, in aliquā parte eluceat aliquando,

Cic. Or. 2, 7:

raro, sed aliquando tamen, ex metu delirium nascitur,

Cels. 3, 18; so id. 8, 4; 1 praef.:

aliquando... semper,

Liv. 45, 23, 8:

aliquando fortuna, semper animo maximus,

Vell. 2, 18: Haud semper errat fama;

aliquando et elegit,

Tac. Agr. 9:

aliquando... saepe,

Cels. 1 praef.:

nec tamen ubique cerni, aliquando propter nubila, saepius globo terrae obstante,

Plin. 2, 13, 10, § 56; so Tac. A. 3, 27; id. Agr. 38.—

In partitive clauses, twice, or even several times, like modo—modo, sometimes also alternating with non numquam or modo (so only in the post-Aug. per.), at one time... at another, now.. now:

confirmatio aliquando totius causae est, aliquando partium,

Quint. 5, 13, 58; Plin. 17, 28, 47, § 262; Sen. Q. N. 2, 36, 2:

aliquando emicat stella, aliquando ardores sunt, aliquando fixi et haerentes, non numquam volubiles,

id. ib. 1, 14; cf. Suet. Calig. 52:

Vespasianus modo in spem erectus, aliquando adversa reputabat,

Tac. H. 2, 74; id. A. 16, 10.—

In colloquial lang., to indicate that there is occasion for a certain thing, once, for once, on this occasion, now:

aliquando osculando melius est, uxor, pausam fieri,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 6, 1:

sed si placet, sermonem alio transferamus, et nostro more aliquando, non rhetorico loquamur,

now in our own way, Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 133:

sed ne plura: dicendum enim aliquando est, Pomponium Atticum sic amo, ut alterum fratrem,

I must for once say it, id. Fam. 13, 1, 14.—

In commands, exhortations, or wishes, = tandem, at length, now at last:

audite quaeso, judices, et aliquando miseremini sociorum,

Cic. Verr. 1, 28, 72:

mode scribe aliquando ad nos, quid agas,

id. Fam. 7, 12, 2:

stulti, aliquando sapite,

Vulg. Psa. 93, 8:

ipse agat, ut orbatura patres aliquando fulmina ponat,

Ov. M. 2, 391:

Aliquando isti principes sibi populi Romani auctoritati parendum esse fateantur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64; id. Verr. 4, 37, 81; Sall. J. 14, 21; Ov. M. 2, 390:

et velim aliquando, cum erit tuum commodum, Lentulum puerum visas,

Cic. Att. 12, 28.—Hence,

Of that which happens after long expectation or delay, freq. in connection with tandem, finally, at length, now at last:

quibus (quaestionibus) finem aliquando amicorum auctoritas fecit,

Cic. Clu. 67, 191:

(dii) placati jam vel satiati aliquando,

id. Marcell. 6, 18:

collegi me aliquando,

id. Clu. 18, 51: aliquando idque sero usum loquendi populo concessi, finally. i. e. after I have for a long time spoken in another manner, id. Or. 48, 160:

te aliquando collaudare possum, quod jam, etc.,

id. Fam. 7, 17; Suet. Aug. 70:

diu exspectaverant, dum retia extraherentur: aliquando extractis piscis nullus infuit,

id. Clar. Rhet. 1.—With tandem:

aliquando tandem huc animum ut adducas tuum,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 61:

spes est et hunc aliquan do tandem posse consistere,

Cic. Quint. 30, 94 tandem aliquando L. Catilinam ex urbe ejecimus, id. Cat. 2, 1:

ut tandem aliquando timere desinam,

id. ib. 1, 7, 18; id. Quint. 30, 94:

servus tandem aliquando mihi a te exspectatissimas litteras reddidit,

id. Fam. 16, 9:

tandem aliquando refloruistis,

Vulg. Phil. 4, 10.—With jam:

utile esse te aliquando jam rem transigere,

now at length Cic. Att. 1, 4.

gĕnus, ĕris, n. [= genos, root GEN, gigno, gens], birth, descent, origin; and concr., a race, stock, etc. (cf.: familia, gens, stirps).

Lit.

In gen.: bono genere gnati, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17; cf.:

ii, qui nobili genere nati sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 70, § 180:

amplissimo genere natus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 12, 4:

genere regio natus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 33:

C. Laelius, cum ei quidam malo genere natus diceret, indignum esse suis majoribus, at hercule, inquit, tu tuis dignus,

id. de Or. 2, 71, 286:

genere et nobilitate et pecunia sui municipii facile primus,

id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15:

esse genere divino,

id. Rep. 2, 2:

contempsisti L. Murenae genus, extulisti tuum,

id. Mur. 7, 15:

hic sacra, hic genus, hic majorum multa vestigia,

id. Leg. 2, 1, 3; cf. id. Brut. 58, 212; id. Rep. 1, 18:

adulescens, cujus spei nihil praeter genus patricium deesset,

Liv. 6, 34, 11:

in famam generis ac familiae,

Quint. 3, 11, 12; 5, 10, 24:

genus Lentulorum,

id. 6, 3, 67:

Atys, genus unde Atii duxere Latini,

Verg. A. 5, 568:

fortuna non mutat genus,

Hor. Epod. 4, 6:

virginem plebei generis petiere juvenes, alter virgini genere par, alter, etc.,

Liv. 4, 9, 4:

qui sibi falsum nomen imposuerit, genus parentesve finxerit, etc.,

Plaut. Sent. 5, 25, 11.— Plur.:

summis gnati generibus,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 20.—

In partic., birth, for high or noble birth (mostly poet.):

cum certi propter divitias aut genus aut aliquas opes rem publicam tenent, est factio,

Cic. Rep. 3, 14: pol mihi fortuna magis nunc defit quam genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 394 Vahl.):

et genus et virtus, nisi cum re vilior alga est,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 8; cf.:

et genus et formam regina pecunia donat,

id. Ep. 1, 6, 37:

non, Torquate, genus, non te facundia, non te Restituet pietas,

id. C. 4, 7, 23:

jactes et genus et nomen inutile,

id. ib. 1, 14, 13; cf.:

cui genus et quondam nomen natique fuissent,

Verg. A. 5, 621:

nunc jam nobis patribus vobisque plebei promiscuus consulatus patet, nec generis, ut ante, sed virtutis est praemium,

Liv. 7, 32, 14; cf. id. 4, 4, 7.

Transf.

Like gens and stirps, a descendant, offspring, child; and collect., descendants, posterity, race ( poet.): neve tu umquam in gremium extollas liberorum ex te genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.):

credo equidem, genus esse deorum,

Verg. A. 4, 12:

Uraniae genus, Hymen,

i. e. her son, Cat. 61, 2:

audax Iapeti,

i. e. his son Prometheus, Hor. C. 1, 3, 27:

Jovis,

i. e. Perseus, Ov. M. 4, 609; cf. also Prop. 2, 2, 9; Hor. C. 2, 14, 18:

genus Adrasti,

i. e. Diomede, grandson of Adrastus, Ov. F. 6, 433;

so of a grandson,

id. M. 2, 743; cf.

nepotum,

Hor. C. 3, 17, 4:

Tantali genus,

id. ib. 2, 18, 37:

Danai,

id. ib. 2, 14, 18:

Messi clarum genus Osci,

id. S. 1, 5, 54:

ab alto Demissum genus Aenea,

i. e. Octavianus, as the adopted son of Julius Cœsar, id. ib. 2, 5, 63:

sive neglectum genus et nepotes Respicis auctor,

i. e. the Romans, id. C. 1, 2, 35; cf. ib. 3, 6, 18:

regium genus,

id. ib. 2, 4, 15. —

Of an assemblage of objects (persons, animals, plants, inanimate or abstract things) which are related or belong together in consequence of a resemblance in natural qualities; a race, stock, class, sort, species, kind (in this signif. most freq. in all periods and kinds of writing).

In gen.

Of living things: ne genus humanum temporis longinquitate occideret, propter hoc marem cum femina esse coniunctum, Cic. ap. Col. 12, 1 (Fragm. Cic. 1, 5 Baiter):

quod ex infinita societate generis humani ita contracta res est, etc.,

of the human race, Cic. Lael. 5, 20; cf. id. Rep. 1, 2 fin.:

o deorum quicquid in caelo regit Terras et humanum genus,

Hor. Epod. 5, 2;

for which: consulere generi hominum,

Cic. Rep. 3, 12; cf.:

cum omni hominum genere,

id. ib. 2, 26; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7:

solivagum genus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 25: potens vir cum inter sui corporis homines tum etiam ad plebem, quod haudquaquam inter id genus contemptor ejus habebatur, i. e. among the Plebeians, Liv. 6, 34, 5: Graium genus, the Grecian race, Enn. ap. Prob. ad Verg. E. 6, 31 (Ann. v. 149 Vahl.):

virtus est propria Romani generis atque seminis,

Cic. Phil. 4, 5, 13; cf. id. Ac. 2, 27, 86:

Ubii, paulo quam sunt ejusdem generis et ceteris humaniores,

Caes. B. G. 4, 3, 3; cf.

also: impellit alios (Aeduos) iracundia et temeritas, quae maxime illi hominum generi est innata,

race of men, id. ib. 7, 42, 2; so, like gens, of nations, peoples, tribes: ferox, Sall. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess. s. v. insolens, p. 241 Lind. (Hist. 1, 14 Gerl.); Liv. 34, 7, 6:

implacidum (Genauni),

Hor. C. 4, 14, 10:

durum ac velox (Ligures),

Flor. 2, 3, 4:

omne in paludes diffugerat,

id. 3, 10, 14:

Graecorum,

Cic. Fl. 4, 9:

Numidarum,

Liv. 30, 12, 18:

genus omne nomenque Macedonum,

id. 13, 44, 6; Nep. Reg. 2:

Italici generis multi mortales,

Sall. J. 47, 1:

Illyriorum,

Liv. 27, 32, 4; 27, 48, 10; 42, 47 fin.:

Scytharum,

Just. 2, 3, 16; Tac. H. 2, 4; Suet. Ner. 37; Vell. 2, 118, 1.—In plur.:

conventus is, qui ex variis generibus constaret,

Caes. B. C. 2, 36, 1:

olim isti fuit generi quondam quaestus apud saeclum prius... est genus hominum, qui se primos esse omnium rerum volunt,

class of men, profession, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 15 and 17:

firmi et stabiles et constantes (amici), cujus generis est magna penuria,

Cic. Lael. 17, 62:

saepius genus ejus hominis (sc. procuratoris rei publicae) erit in reliqua nobis oratione tractandum,

id. Rep. 2, 29 fin.; cf.:

genus aliud tyrannorum,

id. ib. 1, 44:

judicum genus et forma,

id. Phil. 5, 5, 13:

istius generis asoti,

id. Fin. 2, 8, 23; cf.:

omnium ejus generis poëtarum haud dubie proximus,

Quint. 10, 1, 85:

liberrimum hominum,

id. 10, 12, 2, § 22:

irritabile vatum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 102:

hoc omne (ambubajarum, etc.),

id. S. 1, 2, 2:

hominum virile, muliebre,

Cic. Inv. 1, 24, 35:

equidem fabulam et fictam rem ducebam esse, virorum omne genus in aliqua insula conjuratione muliebri ab stirpe sublatum esse,

Liv. 34, 2, 3:

cedat consulari generi praetorium,

Cic. Planc. 6, 15:

ad militare genus = ad milites,

Liv. 24, 32, 2:

alia militaris generis turba,

id. 44, 45, 13:

castellani, agreste genus,

id. 34, 27, 9 Weissenb. ad loc.— Sing. with plur. predicate:

Ministrantibus sibi omni genere turpium personarum,

Capitol. Ver. 4.—In plur.:

eorum hominum... genera sunt duo,

Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 1:

tria auditorum,

Quint. 3, 4, 6.— Repeated in the relative-clause:

duo genera semper in hac civitate fuerunt... quibus ex generibus,

Cic. Sest. 45, 96.—In the acc., of description (v. Roby's Gram. 2, p. 42 sq.):

quot et quod genus pastores habendi,

of what kind, Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:

quod genus ii sunt, etc.,

Auct. Her. 2, 30, 48; cf. in the foll.—

Of animals, plants, etc.: genus altivolantum, the race of birds, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 84 Vahl.); cf.: genu' pennis condecoratum, id. Fragm. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 59:

lanigerum, id. Fragm. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. Cyprio, p. 59 Müll.: squamigerum,

Lucr. 1, 162; cf.

piscium,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 9:

silvestre,

Lucr. 5, 1411:

omne ferarum,

id. 5, 1338:

acre leonum,

id. 5, 862:

malefici generis plurima animalia,

Sall. J. 17, 6:

diversum confusa genus panthera camelo,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 195:

animantūm propagare genus,

to propagate the race, Lucr. 1, 195:

ad genus faciendum,

Just. 2, 9 fin.:

juxta genus suum,

Vulg. Gen. 1, 11 saep.— Plur.:

quae vero et quam varia genera bestiarum vel cicurum vel ferarum!

Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 99:

piscium genera,

Quint. 5, 10, 21.—In the acc., of description:

porticus avibus omne genus oppletae,

Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 11:

pascuntur omne genus objecto frumento,

id. ib. 3, 6:

boves et id genus pecua,

App. M. 2, p. 115, 4; id. Flor. p. 37. —

Of inanim. and abstr. things, kind, sort, description, class, order, character:

genus ullum materiaï,

Lucr. 2, 304:

cum is (sol) quoque efficiat, ut omnia floreant et in suo quaeque genere pubescant,

Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 41:

naves omni genere armorum ornatissimae,

Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 2:

cibi genus,

id. ib. 4, 1, 9:

cum omni genere commeatus,

Liv. 30, 36, 2:

frugum,

id. 38, 15, 9:

hoc sphaerae genus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 14:

hoc triplex rerum publicarum genus,

id. ib. 2, 23:

regale civitatis,

id. ib.; cf.:

totum regiae civitatis,

id. ib. 2, 29:

novum imperii,

id. ib. 2, 32:

ipsum istud genus orationis exspecto,

id. ib. 1, 24 fin.; cf.: dulce orationis, id. Or. 13, 42:

qua re esset hoc bellum genere ipso necessarium,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 27; cf.:

genus hoc erat pugnae, quo, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 48, 4:

potestas annua (consulum) genere ipso ac jure regia,

Cic. Rep. 2, 32:

genus vitae... genus aetatis,

id. Off. 1, 32, 117:

optimum emendandi,

Quint. 10, 4, 2:

dicendi,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 3; Quint. 8, 3, 56; 12, 10, 69:

simplex rectumque loquendi,

id. 9, 3, 3:

omnis generis tormenta,

Liv. 32, 16, 10:

praeda ingens omnis generis,

id. 27, 5, 9; so,

omnis generis, with tela,

id. 38, 26, 4;

with naves,

id. 34, 8, 5;

with eloquentia,

id. 39, 40, 7, etc.—Repeated in the relative-clause:

erat haec (ratio) ex eodem genere, quod ego maxime genus ex sociorum litteris reperire cupiebam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 183.—In plur.:

Caesar haec genera munitionis instituit,

Caes. B. G. 7, 72, 1:

disserere de generibus et de rationibus civitatum,

Cic. Rep. 2, 11; cf. id. ib. 1, 26;

28: genera juris institutorum, morum consuetudinumque describere,

id. ib. 3, 10:

genera furandi,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 7, § 18.—In the acc., of description: omne, hoc, id, quod genus, for omnis, ejus, hujus, cujus generis, of every, of this, of which kind:

sub urbe hortum omne genus, coronamenta omne genus,

Cato, R. R. 8, 2; Varr. R. R. 1, 29, 1:

omne genus simulacra feruntur,

Lucr. 4, 735:

si hoc genus rebus non proficitur,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 23; id. L. L. 9, § 110 Müll.; Lucr. 6, 917 and Hor. S. 2, 6, 44:

in id genus verbis,

Varr. L. L. 10, § 79; 8, 7, 108, § 17:

in id genus libris,

Gell. 3, 8, 1:

scis me ante orationes aut aliquid id genus solitum scribere,

Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3:

vitanda sunt illa, quae propinqua videntur: quod genus, fidentiae contrarium est diffidentia, etc.,

for example, id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; so ib. 2, 52, 157; 2, 54, 162; 2, 57, 172; Lucr. 4, 271; 6, 1058:

lege jus est id quod populi jussu sanctum est, quod genus: ut in jus eas cum voceris,

Auct. Her. 2, 13, 19; cf.

ib. sqq.— In gen.: i. q. res or aliquid: ut in omni genere hujus populi (Graeci) consuetudinem videretur imitatus,

in all respects, in everything, Cic. Rep. 2, 20; cf.:

innumerabiles res sunt, in quibus te quotidie in omni genere desiderem,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 2 fin.:

incredibile est, quam me in omni genere delectarit,

id. Att. 16, 5, 2:

medici assiduitas et tota domus in omni genere diligens,

id. ib. 12, 33, 2;

7, 1, 2: qui in aliquo genere aut inconcinnus aut multus est, is ineptus dicitur,

in any respect whatever, id. de Or. 2, 4, 17:

qua de re et de hoc genere toto pauca cognosce,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 4.—Adverb.: in genus, in general, generally:

sermones in genus communes,

Gell. 4, 1 fin. —

In partic.

In philos. lang., opp. partes, and comprising them within itself, a general term, logical genus:

genus est id, quod sui similes communione quadam, specie autem differentes, duas aut plures complectitur partes,

Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 189; cf.: genus est, quod plures partes amplectitur, ut animal;

pars est, quae subest generi, ut equus. Sed saepe eadem res alii genus, alii pars est: nam homo animalis pars est, Thebani aut Trojani genus,

id. de Inv. 1, 22, 32: genus est, quod partes aliquas amplectitur, ut cupiditas;

pars est, quae subest generi, ut cupiditati amor, avaritia,

id. ib. 1, 28, 42; cf.

also: genus est notio ad plures differentias pertinens,

id. Top. 7, 31:

nec vero sine philosophorum disciplina genus et speciem cujusque rei cernere neque eam definiendo explicare nec tribuere in partes possumus, etc.,

id. Or. 4, 16; cf. ib. 33, 117:

formae dicendi specie dispares, genere laudabiles,

id. de Or. 3, 9, 34:

perturbationes sunt genere quatuor, partibus plures,

id. Tusc. 3, 11, 24; cf. ib. 5, 25, 71:

et conjuncta quaeremus, et genera et partes generibus subjectas, et similitudines, etc.,

id. de Or. 2, 39, 166;

opp. species and pars,

Varr. R. R. 3, 3, 3.—

In gram., gender: transversi sunt (ordines) qui ab recto casu obliqui declinantur, ut albus, albi, albo;

directi sunt, qui ab recto casu in rectos declinantur, ut albus, alba, album. Transversorum ordinum partes appellantur casus, directorum genera: utrisque inter se implicatis forma,

Varr. L. L. 10, § 22 Müll.:

quod ad verborum temporalium rationem attinet, cum partes sint quatuor: temporum, personarum, generum, divisionum, etc.,

ib. 9, § 95:

in nominibus tria genera,

Quint. 1, 4, 23:

barbarismum fieri per numeros aut genera,

id. 1, 5, [p. 811] 16;

9, 3, 6: in verbis quoque quis est adeo imperitus, ut ignoret genera et qualitates, etc.,

id. 1, 4, 27.

gĕnus, ūs, v. genu.

postŭlo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [posco], to ask, demand, require, request, desire (syn.: posco, flagito, peto); constr. with aliquid, aliquid ab aliquo, aliquem aliquid, with ut ( ne), de, with inf., or absol.

In gen.:

incipiunt postulare, poscere, minari,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 34, § 78:

nemo inventus est tam audax, qui posceret, nemo tam impudens qui postularet ut venderet,

id. ib. 2, 4, 20, § 44; cf. Liv. 2, 45; 3, 19:

tametsi causa postulat, tamen quia postulat, non flagitat, praeteribo,

Cic. Quint. 3, 13:

postulabat autem magis quam petebat, ut, etc.,

Curt. 4, 1, 8:

dehinc postulo, sive aequom est, te oro, ut, etc.,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 19:

ita volo itaque postulo ut fiat,

id. ib. 3, 3, 18; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 27:

suom jus postulat,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 47; cf.:

aequom postulat, da veniam,

id. And. 5, 3, 30; and:

quid est? num iniquom postulo?

id. Phorm. 2, 3, 64:

nunc hic dies alios mores postulat,

id. And. 1, 2, 18:

fidem publicam,

Cic. Att. 2, 24, 2:

istud, quod postulas,

id. Rep. 1, 20, 33; id. Lael. 2, 9:

ad senatum venire auxilium postulatum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31:

deliberandi sibi unum diem postulavit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 22, 60; cf.:

noctem sibi ad deliberandum postulavit,

id. Sest. 34, 74:

postulo abs te, ut, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 18:

postulatur a te jam diu vel flagitatur potius historia,

Cic. Leg. 1, 5:

quom maxime abs te postulo atque oro, ut, etc.,

Ter. And. 5, 1, 4; and:

quidvis ab amico postulare,

Cic. Lael. 10, 35; cf. in pass.:

cum aliquid ab amicis postularetur,

id. ib.:

orationes a me duas postulas,

id. Att. 2, 7, 1:

quod principes civitatum a me postulassent,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 5; cf. infra the passages with an object-clause.—With ut ( ne):

quodam modo postulat, ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:

postulatum est, ut Bibuli sententia divideretur,

id. Fam. 1, 2, 1 (for other examples with ut, v. supra):

legatos ad Bocchum mittit postulatum, ne sine causā hostis populo Romano fieret,

Sall. J. 83, 1.—With subj. alone:

qui postularent, eos qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent, sibi dederent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 16, 3.—With de:

sapientes homines a senatu de foedere postulaverunt,

Cic. Balb. 15, 34:

Ariovistus legatos ad eum mittit, quod antea de colloquio postulasset, id per se fieri licere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 42.—With inf., freq. to be rendered, to wish, like, want: qui lepide postulat alterum frustrari, Enn. ap. Gell. 18, 2, 7 (Sat. 32 Vahl.):

hic postulat se Romae absolvi, qui, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 60, § 138:

o facinus impudicum! quam liberam esse oporteat, servire postulare,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 62; id. Men. 2, 3, 88:

me ducere istis dictis postulas?

Ter. And. 4, 1, 20; id. Eun. 1, 1, 16:

(lupinum) ne spargi quidem postulat decidens sponte,

Plin. 18, 14, 36, § 135:

si me tibi praemandere postulas,

Gell. 4, 1, 11.—With a double object: quas (sollicitudines) levare tua te prudentia postulat, demands of you, Luccei. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 2. —With nom. and inf.:

qui postulat deus credi,

Curt. 6, 11, 24.—

In partic., in jurid. lang.

To summon, arraign before a court, to prosecute, accuse, impeach (syn.: accuso, insimulo); constr. class. usu. with de and abl., post-Aug. also with gen.):

Gabinium tres adhuc factiones postulant: L. Lentulus, qui jam de majestate postulavit,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5, § 15:

aliquem apud praetorem de pecuniis repetundis,

id. Cornel. Fragm. 1:

aliquem repetundis,

Tac. A. 3, 38:

aliquem majestatis,

id. ib. 1, 74:

aliquem repetundarum,

Suet. Caes. 4: aliquem aliquā lege, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 3:

aliquem ex aliquā causā reum,

Plin. 33, 2, 8, § 33:

aliquem impietatis reum,

Plin. Ep. 7, 33, 7:

aliquem injuriarum,

Suet. Aug. 56 fin.:

aliquem capitis,

Dig. 46, 1, 53:

qui (infames) postulare prohibentur,

Paul. Sent. 1, 2, 1.—

To demand a writ or leave to prosecute, from the prætor or other magistrate:

postulare est desiderium suum vel amici sui in jure apud eum qui jurisdictioni praeest exponere vel alterius desiderio contradicere, etc.,

Dig. 3, 1, 1; cf.

this whole section: De postulando: in aliquem delationem nominis postulare,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 20, 64:

postulare servos in quaestionem,

id. Rosc. Am. 28, 77:

quaestionem,

Liv. 2, 29, 5.—

For the usual expostulare, to complain of one:

quom patrem adeas postulatum,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38 (but in id. Mil. 2, 6, 35, the correct read. is expostulare; v. Ritschl ad h. l.).—

Postulare votum (lit. to ask a desire, i. e.), to vow, App. Flor. init. —

Of the seller, to demand a price, ask (post-class. for posco):

pro eis (libris) trecentos Philippeos postulasse,

Lact. 1, 6, 10; cf.:

accipe victori populus quod postulat aurum,

Juv. 7, 243. —

Transf., of things.

To contain, measure:

jugerum sex modios seminis postulat,

Col. 2, 9, 17.—

To need, require:

cepina magis frequenter subactam postulat terram,

Col. 11, 3, 56.—Hence, po-stŭlātum, i, n.; usually in plur.: po-stŭlāta, ōrum, a demand, request (class.):

intolerabilia postulata,

Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 1; id. Phil. 12, 12, 28: deferre postulata alicujus ad aliquem, Caes. B. C. 1, 9:

cognoscere de postulatis alicujus,

id. B. G. 4, 11 fin.:

postulata facere,

Nep. Alcib. 8, 4.

postŭlo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [posco], to ask, demand, require, request, desire (syn.: posco, flagito, peto); constr. with aliquid, aliquid ab aliquo, aliquem aliquid, with ut ( ne), de, with inf., or absol.

In gen.:

incipiunt postulare, poscere, minari,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 34, § 78:

nemo inventus est tam audax, qui posceret, nemo tam impudens qui postularet ut venderet,

id. ib. 2, 4, 20, § 44; cf. Liv. 2, 45; 3, 19:

tametsi causa postulat, tamen quia postulat, non flagitat, praeteribo,

Cic. Quint. 3, 13:

postulabat autem magis quam petebat, ut, etc.,

Curt. 4, 1, 8:

dehinc postulo, sive aequom est, te oro, ut, etc.,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 19:

ita volo itaque postulo ut fiat,

id. ib. 3, 3, 18; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 27:

suom jus postulat,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 47; cf.:

aequom postulat, da veniam,

id. And. 5, 3, 30; and:

quid est? num iniquom postulo?

id. Phorm. 2, 3, 64:

nunc hic dies alios mores postulat,

id. And. 1, 2, 18:

fidem publicam,

Cic. Att. 2, 24, 2:

istud, quod postulas,

id. Rep. 1, 20, 33; id. Lael. 2, 9:

ad senatum venire auxilium postulatum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31:

deliberandi sibi unum diem postulavit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 22, 60; cf.:

noctem sibi ad deliberandum postulavit,

id. Sest. 34, 74:

postulo abs te, ut, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 18:

postulatur a te jam diu vel flagitatur potius historia,

Cic. Leg. 1, 5:

quom maxime abs te postulo atque oro, ut, etc.,

Ter. And. 5, 1, 4; and:

quidvis ab amico postulare,

Cic. Lael. 10, 35; cf. in pass.:

cum aliquid ab amicis postularetur,

id. ib.:

orationes a me duas postulas,

id. Att. 2, 7, 1:

quod principes civitatum a me postulassent,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 5; cf. infra the passages with an object-clause.—With ut ( ne):

quodam modo postulat, ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:

postulatum est, ut Bibuli sententia divideretur,

id. Fam. 1, 2, 1 (for other examples with ut, v. supra):

legatos ad Bocchum mittit postulatum, ne sine causā hostis populo Romano fieret,

Sall. J. 83, 1.—With subj. alone:

qui postularent, eos qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent, sibi dederent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 16, 3.—With de:

sapientes homines a senatu de foedere postulaverunt,

Cic. Balb. 15, 34:

Ariovistus legatos ad eum mittit, quod antea de colloquio postulasset, id per se fieri licere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 42.—With inf., freq. to be rendered, to wish, like, want: qui lepide postulat alterum frustrari, Enn. ap. Gell. 18, 2, 7 (Sat. 32 Vahl.):

hic postulat se Romae absolvi, qui, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 60, § 138:

o facinus impudicum! quam liberam esse oporteat, servire postulare,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 62; id. Men. 2, 3, 88:

me ducere istis dictis postulas?

Ter. And. 4, 1, 20; id. Eun. 1, 1, 16:

(lupinum) ne spargi quidem postulat decidens sponte,

Plin. 18, 14, 36, § 135:

si me tibi praemandere postulas,

Gell. 4, 1, 11.—With a double object: quas (sollicitudines) levare tua te prudentia postulat, demands of you, Luccei. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 2. —With nom. and inf.:

qui postulat deus credi,

Curt. 6, 11, 24.—

In partic., in jurid. lang.

To summon, arraign before a court, to prosecute, accuse, impeach (syn.: accuso, insimulo); constr. class. usu. with de and abl., post-Aug. also with gen.):

Gabinium tres adhuc factiones postulant: L. Lentulus, qui jam de majestate postulavit,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5, § 15:

aliquem apud praetorem de pecuniis repetundis,

id. Cornel. Fragm. 1:

aliquem repetundis,

Tac. A. 3, 38:

aliquem majestatis,

id. ib. 1, 74:

aliquem repetundarum,

Suet. Caes. 4: aliquem aliquā lege, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 3:

aliquem ex aliquā causā reum,

Plin. 33, 2, 8, § 33:

aliquem impietatis reum,

Plin. Ep. 7, 33, 7:

aliquem injuriarum,

Suet. Aug. 56 fin.:

aliquem capitis,

Dig. 46, 1, 53:

qui (infames) postulare prohibentur,

Paul. Sent. 1, 2, 1.—

To demand a writ or leave to prosecute, from the prætor or other magistrate:

postulare est desiderium suum vel amici sui in jure apud eum qui jurisdictioni praeest exponere vel alterius desiderio contradicere, etc.,

Dig. 3, 1, 1; cf.

this whole section: De postulando: in aliquem delationem nominis postulare,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 20, 64:

postulare servos in quaestionem,

id. Rosc. Am. 28, 77:

quaestionem,

Liv. 2, 29, 5.—

For the usual expostulare, to complain of one:

quom patrem adeas postulatum,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38 (but in id. Mil. 2, 6, 35, the correct read. is expostulare; v. Ritschl ad h. l.).—

Postulare votum (lit. to ask a desire, i. e.), to vow, App. Flor. init. —

Of the seller, to demand a price, ask (post-class. for posco):

pro eis (libris) trecentos Philippeos postulasse,

Lact. 1, 6, 10; cf.:

accipe victori populus quod postulat aurum,

Juv. 7, 243. —

Transf., of things.

To contain, measure:

jugerum sex modios seminis postulat,

Col. 2, 9, 17.—

To need, require:

cepina magis frequenter subactam postulat terram,

Col. 11, 3, 56.—Hence, po-stŭlātum, i, n.; usually in plur.: po-stŭlāta, ōrum, a demand, request (class.):

intolerabilia postulata,

Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 1; id. Phil. 12, 12, 28: deferre postulata alicujus ad aliquem, Caes. B. C. 1, 9:

cognoscere de postulatis alicujus,

id. B. G. 4, 11 fin.:

postulata facere,

Nep. Alcib. 8, 4.

sŭb-ĕo, ĭi, ĭtum, īre ( perf. subīvit, Ov. F. 1, 314; Stat. S. 2, 1, 155: subivimus, Claud. ap. Tac. A. 11, 24 dub.), v. n. and a., to come or go under any thing; to come or go up to, to approach, draw near, advance or proceed to a place; to come or go on; to follow, succeed; to go down, sink; to come up, spring up (cf. succedo).

Lit.

In gen.:

subire sub falas,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 10:

in nemoris latebras,

Ov. M. 4, 601; cf.: in aliquem locum, to enter, Auct. B. Alex. 74, 4:

in adversum Romani subiere,

Liv. 1, 12, 1:

in adversos montes,

id. 41, 18, 11:

testudine factā subeunt,

advance, Caes. B. G. 7, 85, 7:

Albani subiere ad montes,

Liv. 1, 28, 5:

subire ad portam castrorum,

id. 34, 16, 2; cf.:

ad urbem subeunt,

id. 31, 45, 4; 39, 27, 10; 36, 19, 1; and:

subeundum erat ad hostes,

id. 2, 31, 4:

ad tecta subibant,

Verg. A. 8, 359.—With dat.:

muro subibant,

Verg. A. 7, 161; so,

muro,

id. ib. 9, 371:

portu Chaonio (with accedere urbem),

id. ib. 3, 292:

luco,

id. ib. 8, 125:

dumis,

Sil. 5, 283:

ingenti feretro,

Verg. A. 6, 222:

age cervici inponere nostrae: Ipse subibo umeris,

id. ib. 2, 708:

per vices subeunt elephanti,

Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23:

pone subit conjux,

follows, Verg. A. 2, 725; so Val. Fl. 4, 197; cf.:

dexterae alae sinistra subiit,

Liv. 27, 2, 7:

subeuntis alii aliis in custodiam,

id. 25, 37, 6; and:

subiit argentea proles,

Ov. M. 1, 114:

subit ipse meumque Explet opus,

succeeds me, takes my place, id. ib. 3, 648:

Volscus saxa objacentia pedibus ingerit in subeuntes,

climbing, Liv. 2, 65, 4:

vel eodem amne vel Euphrate subire eos posse,

i. e. sail up stream, Curt. 9, 10, 3; cf.:

adverso amne Babylona subituros,

id. 10, 1, 16.—

Of things:

stamen a stando: subtemen, quod subit stamini,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 113 Müll.:

cum luna sub orbem solis subisset,

Liv. 37, 4, 4:

tertio die mixtum flumini subibat mare,

Curt. 9, 9, 7:

venae nonnumquam incipiente febre subeunt,

the pulse sinks, Cels. 3, 6 med.:

subeunt herbae,

come up, spring up, Verg. G. 1, 180; so,

barba,

i. e. sprouts, grows, Mart. 7, 83, 2:

subisse aquam in caelum,

Plin. 31, 3, 21, § 32.—

In partic., to come on secretly, to advance or approach stealthily, to steal upon, steal into ( poet.), Prop. 1, 9, 26; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 1, 742.—

Trop.

In gen., to come in, succeed, take place; to enter stealthily, come secretly or by degrees: in quarum locum subierunt inquilinae impietas, perfidia, impudentia, Varr. ap. Non. 403, 27:

fugere pudor verumque fidesque: In quorum subiere locum fraudesque dolique,

Ov. M. 1, 130:

pulchra subit facies,

id. ib. 14, 827:

subit ecce priori Causa recens,

id. ib. 3, 259:

an subit (amor) et tacitā callidus arte nocet?

id. Am. 1, 2, 6: subeunt morbi [p. 1775] tristisque senectus, Verg. G. 3, 67:

namque graves morbi subeunt segnisque senectus,

Nemes. Cyn. 117; cf.:

duo pariter subierunt incommoda,

arise, come up, Quint. 5, 10, 100:

ne subeant animo taedia justa tuo,

Ov. P. 4, 15, 30:

regio, quā vero ipsa subit ad Medos,

approaches, Plin. 6, 26, 29, § 115. —

In partic., to come into the mind, to occur, suggest itself:

omnes sententiae verbaque omnia sub acumen stili subeant et succedant necesse est,

Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 151:

cum in loca aliqua post tempus reversi sumus, quae in his fecerimus, reminiscimur personaeque subeunt,

Quint. 11, 2, 17:

cum subeant audita aut cognita nobis,

Ov. M. 15, 307:

subit umbra,

id. ib. 12, 591:

subeunt illi fratresque parensque,

id. ib. 11. 542:

subiit cari genitoris imago... subiit deserta Creusa Et direpta domus et parvi casus Iuli,

Verg. A. 2, 560 sq.; Tac. A. 1, 13:

subeant animo Latmia saxa tuo,

Ov. H. 18, 62:

ne subeant animo taedia,

id. P. 4, 15, 30:

quantum subire animo sustinueris, tantum tecum auferas,

to grasp with the mind, Val. Max. 3, 3, ext. 7.—

Subit, with subj. - or rel.-clause ( poet. and in postAug. prose), Ov. M. 2, 755:

quo magis ac magis admirari subit,

Plin. 12, prooem. § 2;

35, 7, 31, § 49: misereri sortis humanae subit,

id. 25, 3, 7, § 23:

quid sim, quid fuerimque subit,

Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 38.

Lit.

In gen., to come or go under, to enter; to submit to; to approach, etc.:

exercitatissimi in armis, qui inter annos XIV. tectum non subissent,

had not come under a roof, Caes. B. G. 1, 36:

tecta,

Quint. 2, 16, 6; Ov. M. 6, 669:

jam subeunt Triviae lucos atque aurea tecta,

Verg. A. 6, 13:

limina victor Alcides subiit,

id. ib. 8, 363:

domos,

Ov. M. 1, 121:

penates,

id. ib. 5, 650:

macra cavum repetes artum, quem macra subisti,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 33:

cum novies subiere paludem,

had plunged under, Ov. M. 15, 358; id. F. 1, 314:

et juncti currum dominae subiere leones,

Verg. A. 3, 313:

leones jugum subeant,

Plin. 10, 45, 62, § 128:

asellus gravius dorso subiit onus,

i. e. submits to, receives, Hor. S. 1, 9, 21:

subire iniquissimum locum,

Caes. B. G. 2, 27: iniquum locum, Auct. B. Alex. 76, 2; id. B. Hisp. 24, 3:

collem,

to go up, mount, climb, scale, Hirt. B. G. 8, 15:

consules utrimque aciem subeuntium jam muros adgrediuntur,

Liv. 7, 12, 3:

muros,

id. 27, 18:

impositum saxis Anxur,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 25:

si subeuntur prospera castra,

Juv. 16, 2 et saep.:

perfurit, Fadumque Herbesumque subit,

comes up to, attacks, assails, Verg. A. 9, 344; cf.:

interim fallendus est judex et variis artibus subeundus,

Quint. 4, 5, 5:

precibus commota Tonantem Juno subit,

approaches, Stat. Th. 9, 510:

subit ille minantem,

id. ib. 8, 84:

Aeneae mucronem,

Verg. A. 10, 798:

qui procul hostium conspectu subibant aquam,

Curt. 4, 13, 10:

Hispo subit juvenes, i. e. paedicat,

Juv. 2, 50.—

Of things:

umbra subit terras,

Ov. M. 11, 61:

quos (lucos) aquae subeunt et aurae,

enter, Hor. C. 3, 4, 8:

montes Trasimenus,

Liv. 22, 4, 2:

litora pelagus, Mel. praef. 2: mare quod Ciliciam subit,

Curt. 7, 3, 19:

radices (petrae) Indus amnis subit,

id. 8, 11, 7:

clarus subit Alba Latinum,

succeeds, Ov. M. 14, 612 (al. clarus subit ecce Latinum Epytus); cf. id. ib. 1, 114:

furcas subiere columnae,

come into the place of, succeed, id. ib. 8, 700:

aqua subit altitudinem exortus sui,

rises to, reaches, Plin. 31, 6, 31, § 57:

lunamque deficere cum aut terram subiret aut sole premeretur,

Curt. 4, 10, 5.—

In partic., to approach secretly, to steal upon or into (cf. supra, I. A. 2.):

multi Nomine divorum thalamos subiere pudicos,

Ov. M. 3, 282:

subit furtim lumina fessa sopor,

id. H. 19, 56.—

Trop.

In gen. (very rare):

sera deinde poenitentia subiit regem,

came upon, overtook, Curt. 3, 2, 19.—

In partic.

To come into, enter, occur to one's mind (cf. supra, I. B. 2.):

deinde cogitatio animum subiit, indignum esse, etc.,

Liv. 36, 20:

ut beneficiorum memoria subiret animos patrum,

id. 37, 49, 3:

spes animum subibat deflagrare iras vestras posse,

id. 40, 8, 9:

otiosum animum aliae cogitationes,

Quint. 11, 2, 33:

majora intellectu animos non subibunt,

id. 1, 2, 28:

mentem subit, quo praemia facto, etc.,

Ov. M. 12, 472; 7, 170:

subit ergo regem verecundia,

Curt. 5, 2, 15:

me recordantem miseratio,

Plin. Ep. 3, 7, 10: feminas voluptas, id. Pan. 22, 3:

horum cogitatio subibat exercitum,

Curt. 7, 1, 4.—

To follow in speech, interrupt, answer (post - class. and rare):

dicturum plura parentem Voce subis,

Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 352:

subit ille loquentem talibus,

id. Cons. Mall. Theod. 173; id. Rapt. Pros. 3, 133.—

(The figure taken from stooping under a load, under blows, etc.) To subject one's self to, take upon one's self an evil; to undergo, submit to, sustain, endure, suffer it (class.;

a favorite expression of Cic.): omnes terrores periculaque omnia succurram atque subibo,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:

omnia tela intenta in patriam subire atque excipere,

id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; cf.:

quis est non ultro appetendus, subeundus, excipiendus dolor?

id. Tusc. 2, 5, 14:

subire vim atque injuriam,

id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41:

inimicitiae sunt: subeantur,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 71, § 182:

maximas rei publicae tempestates,

id. Mur. 2, 4:

invidiam, pericula, tempestates,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 12:

nefarias libidinum contumelias turpitudinesque,

id. Pis. 35, 86:

potentiam, victoriam,

id. Fam. 6, 1, 6:

contumeliarum verbera,

id. Rep. 1, 5, 9:

majora Verbera,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 120:

non praecipuam, sed parem cum ceteris fortunae condicionem,

Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

fortunam,

id. Fam. 14, 5, 1:

judicium multitudinis imperitae,

id. Fl. 1, 2:

odium eorum,

id. Att. 11, 17, 2:

usum omnium,

id. de Or. 1, 34, 157:

aliquid invidiae aut criminis,

id. N. D. 3, 1, 3:

quemque casum,

id. Att. 8, 1, 3:

quamvis carnificinam,

id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78:

dupli poenam,

id. Off. 3, 16, 65:

legis vim,

id. Caecin. 34, 100:

summae crudelitatis famam,

id. Cat. 4, 6, 12; cf.:

minus sermonis,

id. Att. 11, 6, 2:

poenam exsilii,

Val. Max. 6, 5, 3:

simultates,

Plin. Ep. 2, 18, 5:

offensas,

id. ib. 13, 9, 26:

periculum,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 11, 7:

jam tum peregrinos ritus novā subeunte fortunā,

Curt. 4, 6, 29. —With inf., to attempt, try, undertake:

adversa tela pellere,

Stat. S. 5, 2, 105:

clavum torquere,

Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 46.— Hence, sŭbĭtus, a, um, P. a., that has come on suddenly or unexpectedly, i. e. sudden, unexpected (freq. and class.; cf.:

repens, improvisus): res subita,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 23:

in rebus tam subitis,

Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 2:

maris subita tempestas,

id. Tusc. 3, 22, 52:

subita et improvisa formido,

id. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:

laetitia, etc.,

Auct. Her. 1, 8, 13:

subita pugna, non praeparata,

Quint. 7, 1, 35:

ut sunt Gallorum subita et repentina consilia,

Caes. B. G. 3, 8:

novae rei ac subitae admiratio,

Liv. 2, 2:

bellum,

Caes. B. G. 3, 7:

incursiones hostium,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 11:

ministeria belli,

Liv. 4, 27:

imbres,

Lucr. 5, 216:

vis,

id. 1, 286; 4, 1210:

res,

id. 6, 1282:

mors,

Quint. 7, 2, 14:

casus,

id. 10, 3, 3; Suet. Aug. 73:

tristia,

Val. Max. 1, 6, 12:

silentium,

Quint. 12, 5, 3: miles, hastily collected (opp. vetus expertusque;

syn. subitarius),

Tac. H. 4, 76; cf.:

aqua mulsa subita ac recens (opp. inveterata),

Plin. 22, 24, 51, § 110: imagines non subitae, not newly sprung up, i. e. old, ancient, Plin. Ep. 8, 10, 3:

homo,

rash, Cic. Pis. Fragm. 5: clivi, sudden, i. e. steep, Stat. Th. 6, 258.—Esp., = subito (post-Aug.):

non percussor ille subitus erumpet?

Quint. 6, 2, 31; so,

manūs dux Trapezuntem subitus irrupit,

Tac. H. 3, 47:

subitum inopinatumque venisse,

Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 3:

evadere,

Flor. 4, 2, 59.—

As subst.: sŭbĭtum, i. n., a sudden or unexpected thing, a sudden occurrence, etc.:

Lesbonicum foras evocate: ita subitum'st, propere eum conventum volo,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 51; cf.:

subitum est ei remigrare,

Cic. Fam. 13, 2:

si tibi subiti nihil est,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 36:

in subito,

Plin. 7, 44, 45, § 143.—In plur.:

ut subitis ex tempore occurrant,

Quint. 10, 7, 30; cf.:

etiam fortes viros subitis terreri,

Tac. A. 15, 59:

quamvis non deficeretur ad subita extemporali facultate,

Suet. Aug. 84:

si repentina ac subita dominantur,

Sen. Ep. 16, 6: sive meditata sive subita proferret, whether he spoke after deliberation or off-hand, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 2.—With gen.:

ad subita rerum,

Liv. 9, 43:

ad subita belli,

id. 6, 32; 25, 15, 20; Flor. 1, 1, 11.—

Adverb., suddenly, unexpectedly:

per subitum erumpit clamor,

Sil. 10, 505; so,

per subitum,

id. 7, 594; 8, 628; 12, 654; 14, 330; 15, 145;

15, 404: in subitum,

id. 7, 527: ad subitum, Cassiod. Var. praef. med. —Hence, adv.: sŭbĭtō, suddenly, unexpectedly (freq. and class.; cf.: repente, extemplo, ilico): ut subito, ut propere, ut valide tonuit! Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 10; cf. id. Curc. 2, 3, 4:

nova res subito mihi haec objecta est,

id. Ps. 2, 2, 7:

ita abripuit repente sese subito,

id. Mil. 2, 2, 21:

subito tanta te impendent mala,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 2:

cum tot bella subito atque improviso nascantur,

Cic. Font. 19, 42:

ex oculis subito fugit,

Verg. G. 4, 499:

cum subito ecce,

Cic. Caecin. 10, 30:

ut subito nostras Hymen cantatus ad aures Venit,

Ov. H. 12, 137; Curt. 9, 9, 19:

subito deficere,

Quint. 7, 2, 14:

quod serenā nocte subito candens et plena luna defecisset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 15, 23:

tantus subito timor omnem exercitum occupavit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39:

subito opprimi,

Liv. 41, 3:

si vespertinus subito te oppresserit hospes,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 17 et. saep.:

subito dicere,

without preparation, extempore, Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

quod vox et gestus subito sumi non potest,

id. ib. 1, 59, 252:

neque potest quisquam nostrum subito fingi,

id. Sull. 25, 69:

aliquid subito ex tempore conjectura explicare,

id. Div. 1, 33, 72; so,

dicere,

Quint. 10, 3, 30; 11, 3, 12:

inventa (opp. domo allata),

id. 4, 5, 4:

cum subito evaserunt,

Col. 9, 9, 3:

tam subito copias contrahere non potuit,

so quickly, Nep. Dat. 7, 3.

ex or ē (ex always before vowels, and elsewh. more freq. than e; e. g. in Cic. Rep. e occurs 19 times, but ex 61 times, before consonants—but no rule can be given for the usage; cf., e. g., ex and e together:

qui ex corporum vinculis tamquam e carcere evolaverunt,

Cic. Rep. 6, 14. But certain expressions have almost constantly the same form, as ex parte, ex sententia, ex senatus consulto, ex lege, ex tempore, etc.; but e regione, e re nata, e vestigio, e medio, and e republica used adverbially; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 756 sq.), praep. with abl. [kindr. with Gr. ek, ex], denotes out from the interior of a thing, in opposition to in (cf. ab and de init.), out of, from.

In space.

Prop.:

interea e portu nostra navis solvitur, Ubi portu exiimus, etc.,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 54:

quam (sphaeram) M. Marcelli avus captis Syracusis ex urbe locupletissima atque ornatissima sustulisset, cum aliud nihil ex tanta praeda domum suam deportavisset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 14:

influxit non tenuis quidam e Graecia rivulus in hanc urbem,

id. ib. 2, 19:

visam, ecquae advenerit In portum ex Epheso navis mercatoria,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 3, 2, 5;

3, 6, 32 al.: magno de flumine malim quam ex hoc fonticulo tantundem sumere,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 56; cf.:

nec vos de paupere mensa Dona nec e puris spernite fictilibus,

Tib. 1, 1, 38:

clanculum ex aedibus me edidi foras,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 9; so freq. with verbs compounded with ex; also with verbs compounded with ab and de, v. abeo, abscedo, amoveo, aveho, etc.; decedo, deduco, defero, deicio, etc.—

In a downward direction, from, down from, from off:

ex spelunca saxum in crura ejus incidisse,

Cic. Fat. 3, 6; cf. Liv. 35, 21:

picis e caelo demissum flumen,

Lucr. 6, 257:

equestribus proeliis saepe ex equis desiliunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 2, 3; cf.:

cecidisse ex equo dicitur,

Cic. Clu. 62 fin.:

e curru trahitur,

id. Rep. 2, 41:

e curru desilit,

Ov. A. A. 1, 559 et saep., v. cado, decido, decurro, deduco, delabor, elabor, etc.—

In an upward direction, from, above:

collis paululum ex planitie editus,

Caes. B. G. 2, 8, 3:

globum terrae eminentem e mari,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 28;

and trop.: consilia erigendae ex tam gravi casu rei publicae,

Liv. 6, 2.—

Transf.

To indicate the country, and, in gen., the place from or out of which any person or thing comes, from:

ex Aethiopia est usque haec,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 18:

quod erat ex eodem municipio,

Cic. Clu. 17, 49; cf. id. ib. 5, 11.—Freq. without a verb:

Philocrates ex Alide,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 2, 10:

ex Aethiopia ancillula,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 85 Ruhnk.:

negotiator ex Africa,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 5:

Epicurei e Graecia,

id. N. D. 1, 21, 58:

Q. Junius ex Hispania quidam,

Caes. B. G. 5, 27:

ex India elephanti,

Liv. 35, 32:

civis Romanus e conventu Panhormitano,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54 Zumpt; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 59 fin.:

meretrix e proxumo,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 38; cf. id. Aul. 2, 4, 11:

puer ex aula (sc. regis barbari),

Hor. C. 1, 29, 7:

ex spelunca saxum,

Cic. Fat. 3, 6:

saxum ex capitolio,

Liv. 35, 21, 6:

ex equo cadere,

Cic. Clu. 32, 175; cf. id. Fat. 3, 6; Auct. B. Hisp. 15 et saep.—

To indicate the place from which any thing is done or takes place, from, down from: ibi tum derepente ex alto in altum despexit mare, Enn. ap. Non. 518, 6 (for which:

a summo caelo despicere,

Ov. A. A. 2, 87; and:

de vertice montis despicere,

id. M. 11, 503); cf.:

T. Labienus... ex loco superiore conspicatus, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 4:

ex qua (villa) jam audieram fremitum clientium meorum,

Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 3:

ex hoc ipso loco permulta contra legem eam verba fecisti,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; so id. ib. 8 fin.; cf.:

judices aut e plano aut e quaesitoris tribunali admonebat,

Suet. Tib. 33:

ex equo, ex prora, ex puppi pugnare,

Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 202 and 209; cf. Caes. B. G. 2, 27, 3:

ex vinculis causam dicere,

id. ib. 1, 4, 1; Liv. 29, 19.—Hence the adverbial expressions, ex adverso, ex diverso, ex contrario, e regione, ex parte, e vestigio, etc.; v. the words adversus, diversus, etc.—Also, ex itinere, during or on a journey, on the march, without halting, Cic. Fam. 3, 9; Sall. C. 34, 2; Liv. 35, 24; Caes. B. G. 2, 6, 1; 3, 21, 2; id. B. C. 1, 24, 4; Sall. J. 56, 3 al.; cf.

also: ex fuga,

during the flight, Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 6; id. B. C. 3, 95; 96 fin.; Sall. J. 54, 4 Kritz.; Liv. 6, 29; 28, 23 al.

In time.

From a certain point of time, i. e. immediately after, directly after, after (in this sense more freq. than ab):

Cotta ex consulatu est profectus in Galliam,

Cic. Brut. 92, 318; so,

ex consulatu,

Liv. 4, 31 Drak.; 40, 1 fin.; 22, 49; 27, 34; Vell. 2, 33, 1 al.:

ex praetura,

Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53; id. Mur. 7, 15; Caes. B. C. 1, 22, 4; 1, 31, 2:

ex dictatura,

Liv. 10, 5 fin.:

ex eo magistratu,

Vell. 2, 31 et saep.; cf.:

Agrippa ex Asia (pro consule eam provinciam annuo imperio tenuerat) Moesiae praepositus est,

Tac. H. 3, 46 fin.:

statim e somno lavantur,

id. G. 22:

tanta repente vilitas annonae ex summa inopia et caritate rei frumentariae consecuta est,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 15, 44; cf. Liv. 21, 39:

ex aliquo graviore actu personam deponere,

Quint. 6, 2, 35:

mulier ex partu si, etc.,

Cels. 2, 8:

ex magnis rupibus nactus planitiem,

Caes. B. C. 1, 70, 3; cf.: ex maximo bello tantum otium totae insulae conciliavit, ut, etc., Nop. Timol. 3, 2; and:

ex magna desperatione tandem saluti redditus,

Just. 12, 10, 1 et saep.:

ex quo obses Romae fuit,

since he was a hostage in Rome, Liv. 40, 5 fin. —So the phrase, aliud ex alio, one thing after another:

me quotidie aliud ex alio impedit,

Cic. Fam. 9, 19 fin.; Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 14 (cf. also, alius, D.):

aliam rem ex alia cogitare,

Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 3:

alia ex aliis iniquiora postulando,

Liv. 4, 2.—So, too, diem ex die exspectabam, one day after another, from day to day, Cic. Att. 7, 26 fin.; cf.:

diem ex die ducere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 5 (v. dies, I. A. b.).—

With names of office or calling, to denote one who has completed his term of office, or has relinquished his vocation. So in class. Lat. very dub.;

for the passage,

Caes. B. C. 1, 46, 4, belongs more correctly under III. B. It is, however, very common in post-class. Lat., esp. in inscriptions—ex consule, ex comite, ex duce, ex equite, ex praefecto, etc.— an ex-consul, etc. (for which, without good MS. authority, the nominatives exconsul, excomes, exdux, etc., are sometimes assumed, in analogy with proconsul, and subvillicus; cf. Schneid. Gram. 1, p. 562, note, and the authors there cited):

vir excelsus ex quaestore et ex consule Tribonianus,

Cod. Just. 1, 17, 2, § 9; cf.:

Pupienus et Balbinus, ambo ex consulibus,

Capitol. Gord. 22:

duo ante ipsam aram a Gallicano ex consulibus et Maecenate ex ducibus interempti sunt,

id. ib.:

mandabat Domitiano, ex comite largitionum, praefecto, ut, etc.,

Amm. 14, 7, 9:

Serenianus ex duce,

id. 14, 7, 7:

INLVSTRIS EX PRAEFECTO praeTORIO ET EX PRAEFECTO VRbis,

Inscr. Orell. 2355 al., v. Inscr. Orell. in Indice, p. 525.—

And of a period of life: quem si Constans Imperator olim ex adulto jamque maturum audiret, etc.,

i. e. who had outgrown the period of youth, and was now a man, Amm. 16, 7.—

From and after a given time, from... onward, from, since (cf. ab, II. A. 2.):

bonus volo jam ex hoc die esse,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 10:

itaque ex eo tempore res esse in vadimonium coepit,

Cic. Quint. 5 fin.:

nec vero usquam discedebam, nec a republica deiciebam oculos, ex eo die, quo, etc.,

id. Phil. 1, 1:

ex aeterno tempore,

id. Fin. 1, 6, 17:

ex hoc die,

id. Rep. 1, 16:

motum ex Metello consule civicum tractas,

from the consulship of Metellus, Hor. C. 2, 1, 1:

C. Pompeius Diogenes ex Kalendis Juliis cenaculum locat,

Petr. 38, 10; so usually in forms of hiring; cf. Garaton. Cic. Phil. 2, 39, 100:

ex ea die ad hanc diem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12 fin.:

memoria tenent, me ex Kalendis Januariis ad hanc horam invigilasse rei publicae,

id. Phil. 14, 7, 20.—Esp.: ex quo (sc. tempore), since: [p. 670] octavus annus est, ex quo, etc., Tac. Agr. 33; id. A. 14, 53:

sextus decimus dies agitur, ex quo,

id. H. 1, 29:

sextus mensis est, ex quo,

Curt. 10, 6, 9; Hor. Ep. 11, 5; so,

ex eo,

Tac. A. 12, 7; Suet. Caes. 22:

ex illo,

Ov. F. 5, 670; Stat. Silv. 1, 2, 81.—

Less freq. in specifying a future date (after which something is to be done), from, after:

Romae vereor ne ex Kal. Jan. magni tumultus sint,

Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 3:

hunc judicem ex Kal. Jan. non habemus... ex Kal. Jan. non judicabunt,

id. Verr. 1, 10:

ex Idibus Mart.... ex Idibus Mai.,

id. Att. 5, 21, 9.

In other relations, and in gen. where a going out or forth, a coming or springing out of any thing is conceivable.

With verbs of taking out, or, in gen., of taking, receiving, deriving (both physically and mentally; so of perceiving, comprehending, inquiring, learning, hoping, etc.), away from, from, out of, of:

solem e mundo tollere videntur, qui amicitiam e vita tollunt,

Cic. Lael. 13, 47:

ex omni populo deligendi potestas,

id. Agr. 2, 9, 23:

agro ex hoste capto,

Liv. 41, 14, 3:

cui cum liceret majores ex otio fructus capere,

Cic. Rep. 1, 4:

ex populo Romano bona accipere,

Sall. J. 102:

majorem laetitiam ex desiderio bonorum percepimus, quam ex laetitia improborum dolorem,

Cic. Rep. 1, 4:

quaesierat ex me Scipio,

id. ib. 1, 13:

ex te requirunt,

id. ib. 2, 38:

de quo studeo ex te audire, quid sentias,

id. ib. 1, 11 fin.; 1, 30; 1, 46; 2, 38; cf.:

intellexi ex tuis litteris te ex Turannio audisse, etc.,

id. Att. 6, 9, 3:

ex eo cum ab ineunte ejus aetate bene speravissem,

id. Fam. 13, 16 et saep.; cf.:

ex aliqua re aliquid nominare,

id. N. D. 2, 20, 51:

vocare,

Tac. G. 2, 4; cf. id. ib. 4, 55; Sall. J. 5, 4.—

In specifying a multitude from which something is taken, or of which it forms a part, out of, of:

qui ex civitate in senatum, ex senatu in hoc consilium delecti estis,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 3 fin.:

e vectoribus sorte ductus,

id. Rep. 1, 34:

ecquis est ex tanto populo, qui? etc.,

id. Rab. Post. 17:

homo ex numero disertorum postulabat, ut, etc.,

id. de Or. 1, 37, 168: Q. Fulgentius, ex primo hastato (sc. ordine) legionis XIV., i. e. a soldier of the first division of hastati of the 14 th legion, Caes. B. C. 1, 46;

v. hastatus: e barbaris ipsis nulli erant maritimi,

Cic. Rep. 2, 4:

unus ex illis decemviris,

id. ib. 2, 37:

ex omnibus seculis vix tria aut quatuor nominantur paria amicorum,

id. Lael. 4, 15:

aliquis ex vobis,

id. Cael. 3, 7; id. Fam. 13, 1 fin.: id enim ei ex ovo videbatur aurum declarasse;

reliquum, argentum,

this of the egg, id. Div. 2, 65:

quo e collegio (sc. decemvirorum),

id. Rep. 2, 36:

virgines ex sacerdotio Vestae,

Flor. 1, 13, 12:

alia ex hoc quaestu,

Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 29 Ruhnk.; cf.:

fuit eodem ex studio vir eruditus apud patres nostros,

Cic. Mur. 36; Ov. Am. 2, 5, 54; Sen. Ben. 3, 9; id. Ep. 52, 3:

qui sibi detulerat ex latronibus suis principatum,

Cic. Phil. 2, 3:

est tibi ex his, qui assunt, bella copia,

id. Rep. 2, 40:

Batavi non multum ex ripa, sed insulam Rheni amnis colunt,

Tac. G. 29:

acerrimum autem ex omnibus nostris sensibus esse sensum videndi,

Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 357:

ex tribus istis modis rerum publicarum velim scire quod optimum judices,

id. Rep. 1, 30; cf. id. ib. 1, 35 et saep.—

Sometimes a circumlocution for the subject. gen., of (cf. de):

has (turres) altitudo puppium ex barbaris navibus superabat,

Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 4:

album ex ovo cum rosa mixtum,

Cels. 4, 20:

ex fraxino frondes, ex leguminibus paleae,

Col. 7, 3, 21 sq. —

To indicate the material of which any thing is made or consists, of:

fenestrae e viminibus factae,

Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 6; cf.:

statua ex aere facta,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21; and:

ex eo auro buculam curasse faciendam,

id. Div. 1, 24:

substramen e palea,

Varr. R. R. 3, 10, 4:

pocula ex auro, vas vinarium ex una gemma pergrandi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27:

monilia e gemmis,

Suet. Calig. 56:

farina ex faba,

Cels. 5, 28:

potiones ex absinthio,

id. ib. et saep.:

Ennius (i. e. statua ejus) constitutus ex marmore,

Cic. Arch. 9 fin.; cf. id. Ac. 2, 31, 100:

(homo) qui ex animo constet et corpore caduco et infirmo,

id. N. D. 1, 35, 98:

natura concreta ex pluribus naturis,

id. ib. 3, 14; id. Rep. 1, 45; id. Ac. 1, 2, 6: cum Epicuro autem hoc est plus negotii, quod e duplici genere voluptatis conjunctus est, id. Fin. 2, 14, 44 et saep.—

To denote technically the material, out of, i. e. with which any thing to eat or drink, etc., is mixed or prepared (esp. freq. of medical preparations):

resinam ex melle Aegyptiam,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 28:

quo pacto ex jure hesterno panem atrum vorent,

Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 17:

bibat jejunus ex aqua castoreum,

Cels. 3, 23:

aqua ex lauro decocta,

id. 4, 2; cf.:

farina tritici ex aceto cocta,

Plin. 22, 25, 57, § 120:

pullum hirundinis servatum ex sale,

Cels. 4, 4:

nuclei pinei ex melle, panis vel elota alica ex aqua mulsa (danda est),

id. 4, 7 et saep.—So of the mixing of colors or flavors:

bacae e viridi rubentes,

Plin. 15, 30, 39, § 127:

frutex ramosus, bacis e nigro rufis,

id. ib. §

132: id solum e rubro lacteum traditur,

id. 12, 14, 30, § 52:

e viridi pallens,

id. 37, 8, 33, § 110:

apes ex aureolo variae,

Col. 9, 3, 2:

sucus ex austero dulcis,

Plin. 13, 9, 18, § 62; 21, 8, 26, § 50:

ex dulci acre,

id. 11, 15, 15, § 39; cf.

trop.: erat totus ex fraude et mendacio factus,

Cic. Clu. 26.—

To indicate the cause or reason of any thing, from, through, by, by reason of, on account of:

cum esset ex aere alieno commota civitas,

Cic. Rep. 2, 33:

ex doctrina nobilis et clarus,

id. Rab. Post. 9, 23:

ex vulnere aeger,

id. Rep. 2, 21; cf.:

ex renibus laborare,

id. Tusc. 2, 25:

ex gravitate loci vulgari morbos,

Liv. 25, 26:

ex vino vacillantes, hesterna ex potatione oscitantes,

Quint. 8, 33, 66:

gravida e Pamphilo est,

Ter. And. 1, 3, 11:

credon' tibi hoc, nunc peperisse hanc e Pamphilo?

id. ib. 3, 2, 17:

ex se nati,

Cic. Rep. 1, 35:

ex quodam conceptus,

id. ib. 2, 21:

ex nimia potentia principum oritur interitus principum,

id. ib. 1, 44:

ex hac maxima libertate tyrannis gignitur,

id. ib. et saep.:

ex te duplex nos afficit sollicitudo,

Cic. Brut. 97, 332; cf.:

quoniam tum ex me doluisti, nunc ut duplicetur tuum ex me gaudium, praestabo,

id. Fam. 16, 21, 3:

in spem victoriae adductus ex opportunitate loci,

Sall. J. 48, 2:

veritus ex anni tempore et inopia aquae, ne siti conficeretur exercitus,

id. ib. 50, 1 et saep.:

ex Transalpinis gentibus triumphare,

Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 18; id. Off. 2, 8, 28; cf. id. Fam. 3, 10, 1:

gens Fabia saepe ex opulentissima Etrusca civitate victoriam tulit,

Liv. 2, 50:

ex tam propinquis stativis parum tuta frumentatio erat,

i. e. on account of the proximity of the two camps, Liv. 31, 36:

qua ex causa cum bellum Romanis Sabini intulissent,

Cic. Rep. 2, 7:

hic mihi (credo equidem ex hoc, quod eramus locuti) Africanus se ostendit,

id. ib. 6, 10:

quod ex eo sciri potest, quia, etc.,

id. Tusc. 1, 18 fin.; cf. id. Leg. 1, 15, 43:

causa... fuit ex eo, quod, etc.,

id. Phil. 6, 1:

ex eo fieri, ut, etc.,

id. Lael. 13, 46:

ex quo fit, ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 43:

e quo efficitur, non ut, etc.,

id. Fin. 2, 5, 15 et saep.—Sometimes between two substantives without a verb:

non minor ex aqua postea quam ab hostibus clades,

Flor. 4, 10, 8:

ex nausea vomitus,

Cels. 4, 5:

ex hac clade atrox ira,

Liv. 2, 51, 6:

metus ex imperatore, contemptio ex barbaris,

Tac. A. 11, 20:

ex legato timor,

id. Agr. 16 et saep.—

In partic., to indicate that from which any thing derives its name, from, after, on account of:

cui postea Africano cognomen ex virtute fuit,

Sall. J. 5, 4; cf. Flor. 2, 6, 11:

cui (sc. Tarquinio) cognomen Superbo ex moribus datum,

id. 1, 7, 1:

nomen ex vitio positum,

Ov. F. 2, 601:

quarum ex disparibus motionibus magnum annum mathematici nominaverunt,

Cic. N. D. 2, 20; id. Leg. 1, 8; cf. id. Tusc. 4, 12; Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 123:

holosteon sine duritia est, herba ex adverso appellata a Graecis,

id. 27, 10, 65, § 91:

quam urbem e suo nomine Romam jussit nominari,

Cic. Rep. 2, 7:

e nomine (nominibus),

id. ib. 2, 20; Tac. A. 4, 55; id. G. 2; Just. 15, 4, 8; 20, 5, 9 et saep.—

To indicate a transition, i. e. a change, alteration, from one state or condition to another, from, out of:

si possum tranquillum facere ex irato mihi,

Plaut. Cist. 3, 21:

fierent juvenes subito ex infantibus parvis,

Lucr. 1, 186:

dii ex hominibus facti,

Cic. Rep. 2, 10:

ut exsistat ex rege dominus, ex optimatibus factio, ex populo turba et confusio,

id. ib. 1, 45:

nihil est tam miserabile quam ex beato miser,

id. Part. 17; cf.:

ex exsule consul,

id. Manil. 4, 46:

ex perpetuo annuum placuit, ex singulari duplex,

Flor. 1, 9, 2: tua virtute nobis Romanos ex amicis amicissimos fecisti, Sall. J. 10:

ex alto sapore excitati,

Curt. 7, 11, 18.—

Ex (e) re, ex usu or ex injuria, to or for the advantage or injury of any one:

ex tua re non est, ut ego emoriar,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 102; 104; cf. Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 76: Cervius haec inter vicinus garrit aniles Ex re fabellas, i. e. fitting, suitable, pertinent (= pro commodo, quae cum re proposita conveniant), Hor. S. 2, 6, 78:

aliquid facere bene et e re publica,

for the good, the safety of the state, Cic. Phil. 10, 11, 25:

e (not ex) re publica,

id. ib. 3, 12, 30; 8, 4, 13; id. de Or. 2, 28, 124; id. Fam. 13, 8, 2; Liv. 23, 24; Suet. Caes. 19 et saep.:

exque re publica,

Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 38; 5, 13, 36:

non ex usu nostro est,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 60; Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 10; Caes. B. G. 1, 30, 2; 1, 50 fin.; 5, 6 fin. al.; cf.:

ex utilitate,

Plin. Pan. 67, 4; Tac. A. 15, 43:

ex nullius injuria,

Liv. 45, 44, 11.—

To designate the measure or rule, according to, after, in conformity with which any thing is done:

(majores) primum jurare EX SVI ANIMI SENTENTIA quemque voluerunt,

Cic. Ac. 2, 47 fin. (cf. Beier, Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108, and the references):

ex omnium sententia constitutum est, etc.,

id. Clu. 63, 177; cf.:

ex senatus sententia,

id. Fam. 12, 4:

ex collegii sententia,

Liv. 4, 53:

ex amicorum sententia,

id. 40, 29:

ex consilii sententia,

id. 45, 29 et saep.; cf.

also: ex sententia, i. q. ex voluntate,

according to one's wish, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 96: Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 32; Cic. Fam. 12, 10, 2; id. Att. 5, 21 al.;

and, in a like sense: ex mea sententia,

Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 1; id. Merc. 2, 3, 36:

ex senatus consulto,

Cic. Rep. 3, 18; Sall. C. 42 fin.:

ex edicto, ex decreto,

Cic. Fam. 13, 56 fin.; id. Quint. 8, 30:

ex lege,

id. Div. in Caecil. 5, 19; id. Clu. 37, 103; id. Inv. 1, 38, 68: ex jure, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10, 4 (Ann. v. 276 ed. Vahl.); Varr. L. L. 6, § 64 Mull.; Cic. Mur. 12, 26; id. de Or. 1, 10, 41:

ex foedere,

Liv. 1, 23 et saep.:

hunccine erat aequum ex illius more, an illum ex hujus vivere?

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 29; so,

ex more,

Sall. J. 61, 3; Verg. A. 5, 244; 8, 186; Ov. M. 14, 156; 15, 593; Plin. Ep. 3, 18; Flor. 4, 2, 79 al.; cf.:

ex consuetudine,

Cic. Clu. 13, 38; Caes. B. G. 1, 52, 4; 4, 32, 1; Sall. J. 71, 4; Quint. 2, 7, 1 al.:

quod esse volunt e virtute, id est honeste vivere,

Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 34:

ex sua libidine moderantur,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 4; cf. Sall. C. 8, 1:

ut magis ex animo rogare nihil possim,

Cic. Fam. 13, 8, 3:

eorum ex ingenio ingenium horum probant,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 42; cf. Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 118; Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A.:

leges ex utilitate communi, non ex scriptione, quae in litteris est, interpretari,

Cic. Inv. 1, 38; cf. id. Lael. 6, 21:

nemo enim illum ex trunco corporis spectabat, sed ex artificio comico aestimabat,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 28; cf. Sall. C. 10, 5; Caes. B. G. 3, 20, 1; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2 al.:

ex tuis verbis meum futurum corium pulcrum praedicas,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 19; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 17; id. Att. 1, 3:

nunc quae scribo, scribo ex opinione hominum atque fama,

id. Fam. 12, 4 fin.:

scripsit Tiberio, non ut profugus aut supplex, sed ex memoria prioris fortunae,

Tac. A. 2, 63: quamquam haec quidem res non solum ex domestica est ratione;

attingit etiam bellicam,

Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76; cf. id. Quint. 11; 15 et saep.—E re rata, v. ratus.—

To form adverbial expressions, such as: ex aequo, ex commodo, ex contrario, ex composito, ex confesso, ex destinato, ex diverso, ex facili, etc., ex affluenti, ex continenti;

ex improviso, ex inopinato, etc., v. the words aequus, commodus, etc.

2, 791:

terris ex,

id. 6, 788:

quibus e sumus uniter apti,

id. 3, 839; 5, 949.—E joined with que:

que sacra quercu,

Verg. E. 7, 13.

In composition, ex (cf. dis) before vowels and h, and before c, p, q, t (exagito, exeo, exigo, exoro, exuro, exhaurio; excedo, expello, exquiro, extraho); ef (sometimes ec) before f (effero, effluo, effringo; also in good MSS. ecfero, ecfari, ecfodio), elsewhere e (eblandior, educo, egredior, eicio, eligo, emitto, enitor, evado, eveho). A few exceptions are found, viz., in ex: epoto and epotus as well as expotus, and escendo as well as exscensio; in e: exbibo as well as ebibo; exballisto, exbola; exdorsuo; exfututa as well as effutuo; exfibulo; exlex, etc. After ex in compounds s is [p. 671] often elided in MSS. and edd. Both forms are correct, but the best usage and analogy favor the retaining of the s; so, exsaevio, exsanguis, exscensio, exscindo, exscribo, exsculpo, exseco, exsecror, exsequiae, exsequor, exsero, exsicco, exsilio, exsilium, exsisto, exsolvo, exsomnis, exsorbeo, exsors, exspecto, exspes, exspiro, exspolio, exspuo, exsterno, exstimulo, exstinguo, exstirpo, exsto, exstruo, exsudo, exsugo, exsul, exsulto, exsupero, exsurgo, exsuscito, and some others, with their derivv.; cf. Ribbeck, Prol. Verg. p. 445 sq. Only in escendere and escensio is the elision of x before s sustained by preponderant usage; cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 766.—

Signification.

Primarily and most freq. of place, out or forth: exeo, elabor, educo, evado, etc.; and in an upward direction: emineo, effervesco, effero, erigo, exsurgo, exsulto, extollo, everto, etc.—Hence also, trop., out of ( a former nature), as in effeminare, qs. to change out of his own nature into that of a woman: effero, are, to render wild; thus ex comes to denote privation or negation, Engl. un-: exanimare, excusare, enodare, exonerare, effrenare, egelidus, I., elinguis, elumbis, etc.—

Throughout, to the end: effervesco, effero, elugeo; so in the neuter verbs which in composition (esp. since the Aug. per.) become active: egredior, enavigo, eno, enitor, excedo, etc.—Hence, thoroughly, utterly, completely: elaudare, emori, enecare, evastare, evincere (but eminari and eminatio are false readings for minari and minatio; q. v.); and hence a simple enhancing of the principal idea: edurus, efferus, elamentabilis, egelidus, exacerbo, exaugeo, excolo, edisco, elaboro, etc. In many compounds, however, of post - Aug. and especially of post-class. Latinity this force of ex is no longer distinct; so in appellations of color: exalbidus, exaluminatus, etc.; so in exabusus, exambire, exancillatus, etc. Vid. Hand Turs. II. Pp. 613-662.

inter-dīco, dixi, ctum (interdixem for interdixissem, Cat. ap. Gell. 19, 9 fin.), 3, v. a., to speak between, i. e. to interpose by speaking.

Lit.

To say among other things, to remark meanwhile, interpose:

in praesentiarum hoc interdicere non alienum fuit,

Auct. Her. 2, 11 fin. —

To forbid, prohibit, interdict.

With ne:

interdico, ne, etc.,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 48:

interdicit atque imperat Cassivellauno ne Mandubratio noceat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 22:

praecipit atque interdicit omnes unum peterent Indutiomarum, neu quis, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 58; so with ut ne:

neque enim est interdictum... ut singulis hominibus ne amplius quam singulas artes nosse liceat,

Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 215; id. Balb. 13, 30.—

Alicui aliquid:

feminis dumtaxat purpurae usum (al. usu),

Liv. 34, 7:

histrionibus scaenam,

Suet. Dom. 7:

ei convictum hominum,

Val. Max. 2, 7, 9:

feminis convivia et conspectum virorum,

Just. 41, 3, 2:

alicui admirationem,

Sen. Ep. 87:

interdictum est mare Antiati populo,

Liv. 8, 14:

religio civibus interdicta,

Suet. Claud. 25:

interdicitur vini potus,

Plin. 30, 10, 27, § 87; cf. abl. absol.:

urbe interdicta,

Suet. Aug. 27; id. Vesp. 14; Cic. Balb. 10, 26.—

Alicui with inf.:

alicui arte sua uti,

Dig. 48, 19, 43:

cum sibi interdixerit habere, interdixit et poscere,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 3; cf. with ellips. of dat.:

interdixit hariolus... aliquid novi negoti incipere,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 27:

pari severitate interdixit commeatus peti,

Suet. Galb. 6.—

Alicui aliquā re:

vos interdicitis patribus commercio plebis,

Liv. 5, 3, 8:

quā arrogantiā usus Ariovistus omni Galliā Romanis interdixisset,

Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 4:

meretriciis amoribus juventuti,

Cic. Cael. 20, 48:

male rem gerentibus patribus bonis interdici solet,

id. de Sen. 7, 22:

ei domo suā,

Quint. 6, 3, 79; Suet. Aug. 66 (cf. 1. B. 2. infra.).—

Aliquem aliquā re:

aliquem sacrificiis,

Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 6; mostly in pass.:

quod moribus eorum interdici non poterat socero gener,

Nep. Ham. 3, 2:

philosophi urbe et Italiā interdicti sunt,

Gell. 15, 11, 4: illi omni jure interdicti, Q. Metell. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 7.—

With dat. and de and abl.: interdixi tibi de medicis, forbid to have to do with, warn against, Cato ap. Plin. 29, 1, 7, § 14.—

Pass. impers., with abl. manner:

priusquam senatus consulto interdiceretur,

Suet. Aug. 43.—

In partic.: interdicere alicui aquā et igni, to forbid one the use of fire and water, i. e. to banish:

tanquam si illi aquā et igni interdictum sit,

Cic. Phil. 6, 4:

futurum puto, ut aquā et igni nobis interdicatur,

id. Fam. 11, 1:

quibus cum aquā et igni interdixisset,

Caes. B. G. 6, 44; Paul. Sent. 5, 26, 3; 5, 29, 1.—

Interdicere alicui (sc. aquā et igni), Ampel. 42.—

Interdicere alicui aquam et ignem, Isid. 5, 27, 38.—

Transf.

To enjoin, command (of an injunction implying also a prohibition):

te familiae valde interdicere ut uni dicto audiens esset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 39, 61.—

Of the prætor, to forbid, interdict; esp., to make a provisional or interlocutory decree:

praetor interdixit de vi, etc.,

Cic. Caecin. 8, 22:

praetor qui de fossis, de cloacis, etc., interdicit,

id. ib. 13 init.:

praetor interdixit, ut unde dejectus esset, eo restitueretur,

id. ib. 28, 80.—

To make use of a prætor ' s interdict, Quint. 3, 6, 71:

si adversus eum velis interdicere,

Dig. 43, 18, 1: alicui rem capitalem, Cato ap. Charis. p. 178 P.

attendo ( adt-, Dietsch), tendi, tentum, 3, v. a., orig., to stretch something (e. g. the bow) toward something; so only in Appul.: arcum, Met. 2, p. 122, 5.—Hence,

In gen., to direct or turn toward, = advertere, admovere: aurem, Att. ap. Non. p. 238, 10; Trag. Rel. p. 173 Rib. (cf. infra, P. a.):

attendere signa ad aliquid,

i. e. to affix, Quint. 11, 2, 29 (Halm, aptare); so, manus caelo, to stretch or extend toward, App. Met. 11, p. 263, 5:

caput eodem attentum,

Hyg. Astr. 3, 20.—Far more freq.,

Trop.

Animum or animos attendere, or absol. attendere, also animo attendere, to direct the attention, apply the mind to something, to attend to, consider, mind, give heed to (cf.: advertere animum, and animadvertere; freq. and class.)

With animum or animos: animum ad quaerendum quid siet, Pac. ap. Non. p. 238, 15:

dictis animum, Lucil. ib.: animum coepi attendere,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 28:

quo tempore aures judex erigeret animumque attenderet?

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 10:

si, cum animum attenderis, turpitudinem videas, etc.,

id. Off. 3, 8, 35:

animum ad cavendum, Nep Alcib 5, 2: jubet peritos linguae attendere animum, pastorum sermo agresti an urbano propior esset,

Liv. 10, 4: praeterea et nostris animos attendere dictis atque adhibere velis, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 238, 11:

attendite animos ad ea, quae consequuntur,

Cic. Agr. 2, 15.—With a rel.-clause as object:

nunc quid velim, animum attendite,

Ter. Phorm. prol. 24.—

Absol.:

postquam attendi Magis et vi coepi cogere, ut etc.,

Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 25:

rem gestam vobis dum breviter expono, quaeso, diligenter attendite,

Cic. Mil. 9:

audi, audi atque attende,

id. Planc. 41, 98; so id. de Or. 3, 13, 50; Phaedr. 2, 5, 6; Juv. 6, 66; 11, 16 al.—With acc. of the thing or person to which the attention is directed:

Glaucia solebat populum monere, ut, cum lex aliqua recitaretur, primum versum attenderet,

Cic. Rab. Post. 6, 14:

sed stuporem hominis attendite,

mark the stupidity, id. Phil. 2, 12, 30; so id. de Or. 1, 35, 161; Sall. J. 88, 2; Plin. Ep 6, 8, 8; Luc. 8, 623 al.: me de invidiosis rebus dicentem attendite. Cic. Sull 11, 33; id. Verr. 2, 1, 10:

Quā re attendo te studiose,

id. Fin. 3, 12, 40:

non attenderunt mandata,

Vulg. 2 Esdr. 9, 34; ib. Job, 21, 5; ib. Isa. 28, 23.— Pass.:

versūs aeque prima et media et extrema pars attenditur,

Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 192. —With inf. or acc. and inf. as object: quid futurum est, si pol ego hanc discere artem attenderim? Pompon. ap. Non. p. 238, 17:

non attendere superius illud eā re a se esse concessum,

Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 111.—With a rel.clause or a subjunct. with a particle:

cum attendo, quā prudentiā sit Hortensius,

Cic. Quinct. 20, 63:

Hermagoras nec, quid dicat, attendere nec... videatur,

id. Inv. 1, 6, 8:

forte lubuit adtendere, quae res maxume tanta negotia sustinuisset,

Sall. C. 53, 2:

Oro, parumper Attendas, quantum de legibus queratur etc.,

Juv. 10, 251:

attende, cur, etc.,

Phaedr. 2, prol. 14:

attendite ut sciatis prudentiam,

Vulg. Prov. 4, 1:

Attendite, ne justitiam vestram faciatis etc.,

ib. Matt. 6, 1; ib. Eccli. 1, 38; 13, 10; 28, 30.— With de:

cum de necessitate attendemus,

Cic. Part. Or. 24, 84.—With dat. (post-Aug.):

sermonibus malignis,

Plin. Ep. 7, 26:

cui magis quam Caesari attendant?

id. Pan. 65, 2; Sil. 8, 591:

attendit mandatis,

Vulg. Eccli. 32, 28; ib. Prov. 7, 24:

attendite vobis,

take heed to yourselves, ib. Luc. 17, 3; ib. Act. 5, 35; ib. 1 Tim. 4, 16.—So in Suet. several times in the signif. to devote attention to, to study, = studere:

eloquentiae plurimum attendit,

Suet. Calig. 53:

juri,

id. Galb. 5:

extispicio,

id. Ner. 56.—With abl. with ab (after the Gr. prosechein apo tinos;

eccl. Lat.): attende tibi a pestifero,

beware of, Vulg. Eccli. 11, 35:

attendite ab omni iniquo,

ib. ib. 17, 11; ib. Matt. 7, 15; ib. Luc. 12, 1; 20, 46.—

With animo (ante- and post-class. and rare):

cum animo attendi ad quaerendum, Pac., Trag. Rel. p. 79 Rib.: nunc quid petam, aequo animo attendite,

Ter. Hec. prol. 20:

quid istud sit, animo attendatis,

App. Flor. 9: ut magis magisque attendant animo, Vulg. Eccli. prol.; so,

in verbis meis attende in corde tuo,

ib. ib. 16, 25.—

To strive eagerly for something, long for: puer, ne attenderis Petere a me id quod nefas sit concedi tibi, Att. ap. Non. p. 238, 19 (Trag. Rel. p. 173 Rib.).—Hence, attentus, a, um, P. a.

Directed to something, attentive, intent on:

Ut animus in spe attentus fuit,

Ter. And. 2, 1, 3:

Quo magis attentas aurīs animumque reposco,

Lucr. 6, 920:

Verba per attentam non ibunt Caesaris aurem,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 19:

si attentos animos ad decoris conservationem tenebimus,

Cic. Off. 1, 37, 131:

cum respiceremus attenti ad gentem,

Vulg. Thren. 4, 17:

eaque dum animis attentis admirantes excipiunt,

Cic. Or. 58, 197:

acerrima atque attentissima cogitatio,

a very acute and close manner of thinking, id. de Or. 3, 5, 17:

et attentum monent Graeci a principio faciamus judicem et docilem,

id. ib. 2, 79, 323; 2, 19, 80; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Auct. ad Her. 1, 4:

Ut patris attenti, lenonis ut insidiosi,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 172:

judex circa jus attentior,

Quint. 4, 5, 21.—

Intent on, striving after something, careful, frugal, industrious:

unum hoc vitium fert senectus hominibus: Attentiores sumus ad rem omnes quam sat est,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 48:

nimium ad rem in senectā attente sumus,

id. ib. 5, 8, 31:

tum enim cum rem habebas, quaesticulus te faciebat attentiorem,

Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7:

paterfamilias et prudens et attentus,

id. Quinct. 3:

Durus, ait, Voltei, nimis attentusque videris Esse mihi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 91:

asper et attentus quaesitis,

id. S. 2, 6, 82:

vita,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 44 Matth.:

qui in re adventiciā et hereditariā tam diligens, tam attentus esset,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 48:

antiqui attenti continentiae,

Val. Max. 2, 5, 5.— Comp.: hortor vos attentiori studio lectionem facere, * Vulg. Eccli. prol.—Hence, adv.: atten-tē, attentively, carefully, etc.:

attente officia servorum fungi,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 14;

audire,

Cic. Phil. 2, 5; id. Clu. 3 fin.; id. de Or. 2, 35, 148; id. Brut. 54, 200:

legere,

id. Fam. 7, 19:

parum attente dicere,

Gell. 4, 15:

custodire attente,

Vulg. Jos. 22, 5.— Comp.:

attentius audire,

Cic. Clu. 23:

acrius et attentius cogitare,

id. Fin. 5, 2, 4:

attentius agere aliquid,

Sall. C. 52, 18:

spectare,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 197:

invicem diligere,

Vulg. 1 Pet 1, 22.— Sup.:

attentissime audire,

Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 259.

attendo ( adt-, Dietsch), tendi, tentum, 3, v. a., orig., to stretch something (e. g. the bow) toward something; so only in Appul.: arcum, Met. 2, p. 122, 5.—Hence,

In gen., to direct or turn toward, = advertere, admovere: aurem, Att. ap. Non. p. 238, 10; Trag. Rel. p. 173 Rib. (cf. infra, P. a.):

attendere signa ad aliquid,

i. e. to affix, Quint. 11, 2, 29 (Halm, aptare); so, manus caelo, to stretch or extend toward, App. Met. 11, p. 263, 5:

caput eodem attentum,

Hyg. Astr. 3, 20.—Far more freq.,

Trop.

Animum or animos attendere, or absol. attendere, also animo attendere, to direct the attention, apply the mind to something, to attend to, consider, mind, give heed to (cf.: advertere animum, and animadvertere; freq. and class.)

With animum or animos: animum ad quaerendum quid siet, Pac. ap. Non. p. 238, 15:

dictis animum, Lucil. ib.: animum coepi attendere,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 28:

quo tempore aures judex erigeret animumque attenderet?

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 10:

si, cum animum attenderis, turpitudinem videas, etc.,

id. Off. 3, 8, 35:

animum ad cavendum, Nep Alcib 5, 2: jubet peritos linguae attendere animum, pastorum sermo agresti an urbano propior esset,

Liv. 10, 4: praeterea et nostris animos attendere dictis atque adhibere velis, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 238, 11:

attendite animos ad ea, quae consequuntur,

Cic. Agr. 2, 15.—With a rel.-clause as object:

nunc quid velim, animum attendite,

Ter. Phorm. prol. 24.—

Absol.:

postquam attendi Magis et vi coepi cogere, ut etc.,

Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 25:

rem gestam vobis dum breviter expono, quaeso, diligenter attendite,

Cic. Mil. 9:

audi, audi atque attende,

id. Planc. 41, 98; so id. de Or. 3, 13, 50; Phaedr. 2, 5, 6; Juv. 6, 66; 11, 16 al.—With acc. of the thing or person to which the attention is directed:

Glaucia solebat populum monere, ut, cum lex aliqua recitaretur, primum versum attenderet,

Cic. Rab. Post. 6, 14:

sed stuporem hominis attendite,

mark the stupidity, id. Phil. 2, 12, 30; so id. de Or. 1, 35, 161; Sall. J. 88, 2; Plin. Ep 6, 8, 8; Luc. 8, 623 al.: me de invidiosis rebus dicentem attendite. Cic. Sull 11, 33; id. Verr. 2, 1, 10:

Quā re attendo te studiose,

id. Fin. 3, 12, 40:

non attenderunt mandata,

Vulg. 2 Esdr. 9, 34; ib. Job, 21, 5; ib. Isa. 28, 23.— Pass.:

versūs aeque prima et media et extrema pars attenditur,

Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 192. —With inf. or acc. and inf. as object: quid futurum est, si pol ego hanc discere artem attenderim? Pompon. ap. Non. p. 238, 17:

non attendere superius illud eā re a se esse concessum,

Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 111.—With a rel.clause or a subjunct. with a particle:

cum attendo, quā prudentiā sit Hortensius,

Cic. Quinct. 20, 63:

Hermagoras nec, quid dicat, attendere nec... videatur,

id. Inv. 1, 6, 8:

forte lubuit adtendere, quae res maxume tanta negotia sustinuisset,

Sall. C. 53, 2:

Oro, parumper Attendas, quantum de legibus queratur etc.,

Juv. 10, 251:

attende, cur, etc.,

Phaedr. 2, prol. 14:

attendite ut sciatis prudentiam,

Vulg. Prov. 4, 1:

Attendite, ne justitiam vestram faciatis etc.,

ib. Matt. 6, 1; ib. Eccli. 1, 38; 13, 10; 28, 30.— With de:

cum de necessitate attendemus,

Cic. Part. Or. 24, 84.—With dat. (post-Aug.):

sermonibus malignis,

Plin. Ep. 7, 26:

cui magis quam Caesari attendant?

id. Pan. 65, 2; Sil. 8, 591:

attendit mandatis,

Vulg. Eccli. 32, 28; ib. Prov. 7, 24:

attendite vobis,

take heed to yourselves, ib. Luc. 17, 3; ib. Act. 5, 35; ib. 1 Tim. 4, 16.—So in Suet. several times in the signif. to devote attention to, to study, = studere:

eloquentiae plurimum attendit,

Suet. Calig. 53:

juri,

id. Galb. 5:

extispicio,

id. Ner. 56.—With abl. with ab (after the Gr. prosechein apo tinos;

eccl. Lat.): attende tibi a pestifero,

beware of, Vulg. Eccli. 11, 35:

attendite ab omni iniquo,

ib. ib. 17, 11; ib. Matt. 7, 15; ib. Luc. 12, 1; 20, 46.—

With animo (ante- and post-class. and rare):

cum animo attendi ad quaerendum, Pac., Trag. Rel. p. 79 Rib.: nunc quid petam, aequo animo attendite,

Ter. Hec. prol. 20:

quid istud sit, animo attendatis,

App. Flor. 9: ut magis magisque attendant animo, Vulg. Eccli. prol.; so,

in verbis meis attende in corde tuo,

ib. ib. 16, 25.—

To strive eagerly for something, long for: puer, ne attenderis Petere a me id quod nefas sit concedi tibi, Att. ap. Non. p. 238, 19 (Trag. Rel. p. 173 Rib.).—Hence, attentus, a, um, P. a.

Directed to something, attentive, intent on:

Ut animus in spe attentus fuit,

Ter. And. 2, 1, 3:

Quo magis attentas aurīs animumque reposco,

Lucr. 6, 920:

Verba per attentam non ibunt Caesaris aurem,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 19:

si attentos animos ad decoris conservationem tenebimus,

Cic. Off. 1, 37, 131:

cum respiceremus attenti ad gentem,

Vulg. Thren. 4, 17:

eaque dum animis attentis admirantes excipiunt,

Cic. Or. 58, 197:

acerrima atque attentissima cogitatio,

a very acute and close manner of thinking, id. de Or. 3, 5, 17:

et attentum monent Graeci a principio faciamus judicem et docilem,

id. ib. 2, 79, 323; 2, 19, 80; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Auct. ad Her. 1, 4:

Ut patris attenti, lenonis ut insidiosi,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 172:

judex circa jus attentior,

Quint. 4, 5, 21.—

Intent on, striving after something, careful, frugal, industrious:

unum hoc vitium fert senectus hominibus: Attentiores sumus ad rem omnes quam sat est,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 48:

nimium ad rem in senectā attente sumus,

id. ib. 5, 8, 31:

tum enim cum rem habebas, quaesticulus te faciebat attentiorem,

Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7:

paterfamilias et prudens et attentus,

id. Quinct. 3:

Durus, ait, Voltei, nimis attentusque videris Esse mihi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 91:

asper et attentus quaesitis,

id. S. 2, 6, 82:

vita,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 44 Matth.:

qui in re adventiciā et hereditariā tam diligens, tam attentus esset,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 48:

antiqui attenti continentiae,

Val. Max. 2, 5, 5.— Comp.: hortor vos attentiori studio lectionem facere, * Vulg. Eccli. prol.—Hence, adv.: atten-tē, attentively, carefully, etc.:

attente officia servorum fungi,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 14;

audire,

Cic. Phil. 2, 5; id. Clu. 3 fin.; id. de Or. 2, 35, 148; id. Brut. 54, 200:

legere,

id. Fam. 7, 19:

parum attente dicere,

Gell. 4, 15:

custodire attente,

Vulg. Jos. 22, 5.— Comp.:

attentius audire,

Cic. Clu. 23:

acrius et attentius cogitare,

id. Fin. 5, 2, 4:

attentius agere aliquid,

Sall. C. 52, 18:

spectare,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 197:

invicem diligere,

Vulg. 1 Pet 1, 22.— Sup.:

attentissime audire,

Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 259.

incĭdo, cĭdi, cāsum, 3 ( fut. part. act. incasurus, Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97; perf. scanned incĭdĕrunt, Lucr. 6, 1174), v. n. [in-cado], to fall into or upon a thing, to fall, light upon (freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen., constr. with in and acc.; less freq. with other prepp., with the dat., or absol.

With in and acc.:

in foveam,

Cic. Phil. 4, 5, 12:

ex spelunca saxum in crura ejus incidit,

id. Fat. 3, 6:

e nubi in nubem vis incidit ardens fulminis,

Lucr. 6, 145; cf. id. 296:

in segetem flamma,

falls, Verg. A. 2, 305:

pestilentia in urbem,

Liv. 27, 23 fin.:

ut incideret luna tum in eam metam, quae esset umbra terrae, etc.,

entered, Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 22:

in oculos,

Plin. 20, 17, 73, § 187:

incidentibus vobis in vallum portasque,

Liv. 27, 13, 2:

in laqueos,

Juv. 10, 314.—

With other prepp.:

incidit ictus Ingens ad terram duplicato poplite Turnus,

Verg. A. 12, 926:

(turris) super agmina late incidit,

id. ib. 2, 467.—

With dat.:

incidere portis,

to rush into, Liv. 5, 11, 14; 5, 26, 8:

lymphis putealibus,

Lucr. 6, 1174:

caput incidit arae,

Ov. M. 5, 104: Sagunti ruinae nostris capitibus incident, Liv. 21, 10, 10:

ultimis Romanis,

id. 28, 13, 9:

jacenti,

Stat. Th. 5, 233:

hi duo amnes confluentes incidunt Oriundi flumini,

empty, fall into, Liv. 44, 31, 4:

modo serius incidis (sol) undis,

sink, Ov. M. 4, 198.—

Absol.:

illa (hasta) volans, umeri surgunt qua tegmina summa, incidit,

Verg. A. 10, 477: incidit Adriaci spatium admirabile rhombi, i. e. into the fisherman ' s net, Juv. 4, 39. —

In partic., to fall upon, meet, or come upon unexpectedly, fall in with a person or thing.

With in and acc.:

in aliquem incurrere atque incidere,

Cic. Planc. 7, 17:

cum hic in me incidit,

id. ib. 41, 99:

C. Valerius Procillus, cum in fuga catenis vinctus traheretur, in ipsum Caesarem incidit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 5:

in insidias,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 3; cf.:

in quos (milites), si qui ex acie fugerint, de improviso incidant,

id. Rosc. Am. 52, 151:

in manus alicujus,

id. Clu. 7, 21:

in vituperatores,

id. Fam. 7, 3, 6; 6, 1, 25.—

With inter:

inter catervas armatorum,

Liv. 25, 39.—

With dat.:

qui (oculi) quocumque inciderunt,

Cic. Mil. 1, 1; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 13; Quint. 11, 3, 50:

sane homini praeter opinionem improviso incidi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182:

incidit huic Appennicolae bellator filius Anni,

Verg. A. 11, 699.—

With acc. alone (late Lat.):

bene quod meas potissimum manus incidisti,

App. M. 6, p. 176, 24; id. ib. p. 179, 4:

fatales laqueos,

Vulc. Gall. Avid. Caes. 2, § 2.—

Transf., to fall upon, attack, assault: triarii consurgentes... in hostem incidebant. Liv. 8, 8, 13:

postquam acrius ultimis incidebat Romanus,

id. 28, 13, 9.

Trop.

In gen., to fall into any condition.

With in and acc.:

in morbum,

Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 4: in febriculam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.:

in miserias,

id. Phil. 2, 10, 24; cf.:

qui inciderant (sc. in morbum) haud facile septimum diem superabant,

Liv. 41, 21, 5:

ut si in hujusmodi amicitias ignari casu aliquo inciderint,

Cic. Lael. 12, 42:

quodsi quis etiam a culpa vacuus in amicitiam ejus inciderat,

Sall. C. 14, 4:

in honoris contentionem,

Cic. Lael. 10, 34:

in imperiorum, honorum, gloriae cupiditatem,

id. Off. 1, 8, 26:

in furorem et insaniam,

Cic. Pis. 20, 46. —

With acc. alone:

caecitatem, Ambros. de Tobia, 2: iram,

Lact. Plac. Narr. Fab. 1, 10:

amorem,

id. ib. 14, 1.—

To fall upon, befall:

eo anno pestilentia gravis incidit in urbem agrosque,

Liv. 27, 23, 6:

tantus terror incidit ejus exercitui,

fell upon, Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 2; cf.:

ut nihil incidisset postea civitati mali, quod, etc.,

happened, Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 26.—

In partic.

To fall upon accidentally; to light upon, in thought or conversation:

non consulto, sed casu in eorum mentionem incidi,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 50; id. Lael. 1, 3; cf.:

fortuito in sermonem alicujus incidere,

id. de Or. 1, 24, 111:

in eum sermonem incidere, qui, etc.,

id. Lael. 1, 2:

in varios sermones,

id. Att. 16, 2, 4:

cum in eam memoriam et recordationem nuper ex sermone quodam incidissemus,

id. Brut. 2, 9:

iterum in mentionem incidimus viri,

Tac. H. 4, 5; Plin. Ep. 9, 33, 1.—

To come or occur to one's mind:

sapiens appeteret aliquid, quodcumque in mentem incideret et quodcumque tamquam occurreret,

come into his mind, Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 5; id. Heaut. 3, 1, 75:

redeunti, ex ipsa re mihi incidit suspicio,

id. And. 2, 2, 22; 3, 2, 21:

tanta nunc suspicio de me incidit,

id. Ad. 4, 4, 5:

dicam, verum, ut aliud ex alio incidit,

id. Heaut. 3, 3, 37:

nihil te effugiet atque omne. quod erit in re occurret atque incidet,

Cic. de Or. 2, 34, 147:

potantibus his apud Sex. Tarquinium incidit de uxoribus mentio,

Liv. 1, 57, 6.—

To fall upon, happen in a certain time.

With in and acc.:

quod in id rei publicae tempus non incideris, sed veneris — judicio enim tuo, non casu in ipsum discrimen rerum contulisti tribunatum tuum—profecto vides, quanta vis, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2:

quorum aetas in eorum tempora, quos nominavi, incidit,

Cic. Or. 12, 39; cf. id. Fam. 5, 15, 3:

quoniam in eadem rei publicae tempora incidimus,

id. ib. 5, 8, 3 fin.:

facies me in quem diem Romana incidant mysteria certiorem,

id. Att. 6, 1, 26:

cum in Kalendas Januarias Compitaliorum dies incidisset,

id. Pis. 4, 8:

quae (bella) in ejus aetatem gravissima inciderunt,

Quint. 12, 11, 16: in eum annum quo erat Hortensius consul futurus, incidere, to fall into, i. e. to extend the case until, etc., id. 6, 5, 4; cf.:

quintus annus cum in te praetorem incidisset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139.—

With acc. alone (late Lat.):

ut menses... autumnale tempus inciderent,

Sol. 1, § 44.—

To fall out, happen, occur:

et in nostra civitate et in ceteris, multis fortissimis atque optimis viris injustis judiciis tales casus incidisse,

Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

si quid tibi durius inciderit,

Prop. 1, 15, 28; cf.: si casus inciderit, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:

incidunt saepe tempora cum, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 10, 31:

eorum ipsorum, quae honesta sunt, potest incidere saepe contentio et comparatio,

id. ib. 1, 43, 152:

potest incidere quaestio,

Quint. 7, 1, 19:

verbum si quod minus usitatum incidat,

id. 2, 5, 4:

in magnis quoque auctoribus incidunt aliqua vitiosa,

id. 10, 2, 15; 11, 1, 70; Cels. 5, 27, 3: ea accidisse non quia haec facta sunt, arbitror;

verum haec ideo facta, quia incasura erant illa,

Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97:

si quando ita incidat,

Quint. 2, 5, 5; cf.:

forte ita incidit, ut, etc.,

Liv. 26, 23, 2:

forte ita inciderat, ne, etc.,

id. 1, 46, 5.—

To fall in with, coincide, agree with, in opinion, etc.:

ne ipse incidat in Diodorum, etc.,

Cic. Fat. 8, 15.—

To stumble upon, undertake at random:

sic existumes non me fortuito ad tuam amplitudinem meis officiis amplectendam incidisse, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3.— Hence in part. pres.: incĭdentĭa, subst., occurrences, events, Amm. 14, 5, 4; 22, 9, 2 al.

incīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [in-caedo], to cut into, cut through, cut open, cut up (class.).

Lit.:

teneris arboribus incisis atque inflexis,

Caes. B. G. 2, 17, 4:

arbores,

Plin. 12, 14, 30, § 54; 32, § 58:

inciditur vitro, lapide, osseisve cultellis,

id. 12, 25, 54, § 115; cf.:

palmes inciditur in medullam,

id. 14, 9, 11, § 84:

venam,

to open, id. 29, 6, 58, § 126; Cels. 2, 8; Tac. A. 16, 19; cf.:

incisi nervi,

Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218:

circa vulnus scalpello,

Cels. 5, 27, 3:

pinnas,

to clip, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5; so,

vites falce,

Verg. E. 3, 11:

pulmo incisus,

cut up, divided, Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85; cf.:

eupatoria foliis per extremitates incisis,

i. e. notched, indented, Plin. 5, 6, 29, § 65:

nos linum incidimus, legimus,

cut through, cut, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10:

funem,

Verg. A. 3, 667: corpora mortuorum, to dissect, Cels. praef.:

nocentes homines vivos,

id. ib.:

quid habet haruspex cur pulmo incisus etiam in bonis extis dirimat tempus?

Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

si rectum limitem rupti torrentibus pontes inciderint,

cut through, broken through, Quint. 2, 13, 16:

squamisque incisus adaestuat amnis,

Stat. Th. 5, 517:

non incisa notis marmcra publicis,

engraved, Hor. C. 4, 8, 13:

tabula... his ferme incisa litteris fuit,

Liv. 6, 29 fin. —

Transf.

To cut in, to carve, engrave, inscribe on any thing; usually constr. with in and abl.; less freq. with in and acc., the dat., or absol.

With in and abl.:

id non modo tum scripserunt, verum etiam in aere incisum nobis tradiderunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; cf.:

foedus in columna aenea incisum et perscriptum,

id. Balb. 23, 53; id. Verr. 2, 2, 63, § 154:

in qua basi grandibus litteris P. Africani nomen erat incisum,

id. ib. 2, 4, 34, §

74: nomina in tabula incisa,

id. Fam. 13, 36, 1:

notum est carmen incisum in sepulcro,

id. de Sen. 17, 61; id. Pis. 29, 72; id. Font. 14, 31:

incidens litteras in fago recenti,

Plin. 16, 9, 14, § 35:

indicem in aeneis tabulis,

Suet. Aug. 101:

quae vos incidenda in aere censuistis,

Plin. Pan. 75, 1.—

With in and acc.:

quae (acta) ille in aes incidit,

Plin. Pan. 1, 7, 16:

leges in aes incisae,

Liv. 3, 57 fin.:

lege jam in aes incisā,

Suet. Aug. 28 fin.:

quod ita erit gestum, lex erit, et in aes incidi jubebitis credo illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 26.—

With dat. ( poet. and post-Aug.):

verba ceris,

Ov. M. 9, 529:

amores arboribus,

Verg. E. 10, 53:

fastos marmoreo parieti,

Suet. Gramm. 17:

nomen non trabibus aut saxis,

Plin. Pan. 54, 7; cf.:

primum aliquid da, quod possim titulis incidere,

i. e. among your titles, Juv. 8, 69.—

Absol.:

incidebantur jam domi leges,

Cic. Mil. 32, 87; cf.:

tabula his litteris incīsa,

Liv. 6, 29, 9:

sine delectu morum quisquis incisus est,

inscribed, registered, Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

Victorem litteris incisis appellare,

Macr. S. 3, 6, 11.—

To make by [p. 921] cutting, to cut (rare):

ferroque incidit acuto Perpetuos dentes et serrae repperit usum,

Ov. M. 8, 245:

novas incide faces, tibi ducitur uxor,

Verg. E. 8, 29; Col. 2, 21, 3.

Trop.

To break off, interrupt, put an end to:

poëma ad Caesarem, quod institueram, incidi,

have broken off, stopped, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 11:

inciditur omnis jam deliberatio, si intellegitur non posse fieri,

id. de Or. 2, 82, 336; cf. Liv. 32, 37, 5:

tandem haec singultu verba incidente profatur,

Stat. Th. 9, 884:

novas lites,

Verg. E. 9, 14:

ludum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 36:

vocis genus crebro incidens,

broken, interrupted, Cic. de Or. 3, 58, 217.—

To cut off, cut short, take away, remove:

media,

to cut short, Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47:

qui mihi pinnas inciderant nolunt easdem renasci,

id. 4, 2, 5:

Tarquinius spe omni reditus incisā exsulatum Tusculum abiit,

cut off, Liv. 2, 15, 7:

spe incisā,

id. 3, 58, 6; 35, 31, 7; cf. id. 44, 6, 13; 44, 13, 3:

tantos actus,

Sil. 3, 78:

ipsam, quam promimus horam casus incidit,

Sen. Ep. 101:

testamentum,

to annul, invalidate, Dig. 28, 4, 3.—