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101 occasion
occasion [ɔkazjɔ̃]feminine nouna. ( = circonstance) occasionb. ( = conjoncture favorable) opportunityc. (locutions)• à l'occasion de son anniversaire on the occasion of his birthday► par la même occasion at the same time• j'irai à Paris et, par la même occasion, je leur rendrai visite I'll go to Paris and while I'm there I'll go and see themd. ( = achat) secondhand buy* * *ɔkazjɔ̃1) ( circonstance) occasion; ( moment favorable) opportunity, chancerater l'occasion — to miss one's opportunity ou chance
à l'occasion — ( si le cas se présente) some time; ( parfois) occasionally
à or en plusieurs occasions — on several occasions
avoir l'occasion de faire — to have the opportunity ou chance to do ou of doing
être l'occasion de faire — to be a chance ou an opportunity to do
d'occasion — [héroïsme] incidental; [rencontre, aventure] chance
2) ( marché)3) ( objet) second-hand buy; ( bonne affaire) bargain* * *ɔkazjɔ̃ nf1) (= possibilité) opportunityC'est une occasion à ne pas manquer. — It's an opportunity not to be missed.
C'est une occasion idéale de s'en débarasser. — It's an ideal opportunity to get rid of it.
Il a raté une bonne occasion de se taire.; Il a manqué une bonne occasion de se taire. — He would have done better to keep quiet.
à la première occasion — at the first opportunity, at the earliest opportunity
Ça a été l'occasion de revoir toute la famille. — It was an opportunity to see the whole family again.
2) FOOTBALL chance3) (= circonstance) occasionen cette occasion... — on this occasion...
à l'occasion de... — on the occasion of...
être l'occasion de [changements, célébrations] — to be an occasion for
Ça sera l'occasion d'un débat sérieux sur ce sujet. — It will be an occasion for some serious debate on the subject.
à l'occasion (= parfois) — on occasions, (= un jour) some time
4) (acquisition avantageuse) bargainCet ordinateur est une bonne occasion. — This computer's a real bargain.
5) COMMERCE (article non neuf) secondhand buyune voiture d'occasion — a secondhand car, [acheter] secondhand
Il l'a achetée d'occasion. — He bought it secondhand.
* * *occasion nf1 ( circonstance) occasion; ( moment favorable) opportunity, chance; une occasion manquée/rêvée a missed/undreamed-of opportunity; à la moindre occasion at the first opportunity; à la première occasion at the first ou earliest opportunity; toute occasion leur est bonne pour faire they'll find any excuse to do; saisir l'occasion pour faire to seize the opportunity to do; rater l'occasion to miss one's opportunity ou chance; laisser passer l'occasion de faire to miss the opportunity to do ou of doing; à l'occasion ( si le cas se présente) some time; ( parfois) occasionally; à l'occasion de on the occasion of; à ou en plusieurs occasions on several occasions; en certaines occasions on certain occasions; en toute occasion on all occasions; par la même occasion at the same time; pour l'occasion for the occasion; les grandes occasions special occasions; avoir/perdre or manquer l'occasion de faire to have/miss the opportunity to do ou the chance of doing; être l'occasion de qch to give rise to sth, to occasion sth sout; être l'occasion de faire to be a chance ou an opportunity to do; profiter de l'occasion pour faire to take the opportunity to do; d'occasion [héroïsme] incidental; [rencontre, aventure] chance; pour elle, toutes les occasions sont bonnes pour s'amuser she won't miss an opportunity to have a good time; j'ai encore raté une bonne occasion de me taire I should have kept my mouth shut;2 ( marché) (le marché de) l'occasion the secondhand market; une voiture/télévision d'occasion a secondhand car/television; je l'ai acheté d'occasion I bought it secondhand;3 ( objet) secondhand buy; ( bonne affaire) bargain; ce n'est qu'une occasion, mais elle marche bien it's only secondhand, but it works well.[ɔkazjɔ̃] nom fémininsaisir l'occasion au vol, sauter sur l'occasion to seize the opportunity, to jump at the chancel'occasion de: ça te donnera l'occasion de la rencontrer it'll give you the opportunity ou the chance to meet heril a manqué ou perdu ou raté une belle occasion de se taire (familier) he could have kept his mouth shut2. [moment] occasionà trois/quatre occasions three/four timesen plusieurs/maintes occasions several/many timesà cette occasion at that point, on that occasiondans les grandes occasions on big ou important ou special occasionsêtre ou faire l'occasion de: sa mort a été l'occasion de changements importants significant changes took place after his deathces retrouvailles furent l'occasion de grandes réjouissances there were great festivities to celebrate this reunion3. [article non neuf] secondhand ou used item[affaire] bargainpour ce prix-là, c'est une occasion! it's a (real) bargain at that price!————————à l'occasion locution adverbiale1. [un de ces jours] one of these days2. [éventuellement] should the opportunity ariseà l'occasion, passez nous voir drop by some time ou if you get the chance————————à l'occasion de locution prépositionnelle————————d'occasion locution adjectivale1. [non neuf] secondhandvoiture d'occasion secondhand ou used car2. [improvisé]des amours d'occasion chance ou casual (love) affairs————————d'occasion locution adverbiale[acheter, vendre] secondhand (adverbe) -
102 Perseus
1.Perseus, ĕi and ĕos (acc., Persea, Ov. M. 4, 610), m., = Perseus.I.Son of Jupiter and Danăē, abandoned by his grandfather Acrisius, but rescued and brought up by Polydectes, king of Seriphus. When grown up, he undertook, at the instigation of Polydectes, an expedition against the islands of the Gorgons, and received from Vulcan a sickle-shaped sword, from Mercury winged shoes, and from Minerva a shield and the flying horse Pegasus. Thus armed, he killed and cut off the head of Medusa, whose look turned every thing into stone. On his way back, he, by means of it, turned into stone a sea-monster to which Andromeda, the daughter of Cepheus, was exposed, and married her. Their son Perses became the progenitor of the Persians. After his death, Perseus was placed among [p. 1355] the constellations, Ov. M. 4, 609 sq.; Hyg. Fab. 64; 244; id. Astron. 12; Cic. N. D. 2, 44, 112; Prop. 2, 30 (3, 28), 4; 2, 28 (3, 24), 22; Serv. Verg. A. 4, 246.—B.Hence,1.Persēus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Perseus, Persean, Prop. 3 (4), 22, 8:2. II.Perseos alter in Argos scinditur,
i. e. where Perseus's grandfather, Acrisius, reigned, Stat. Th. 1, 255:Persei culmina montis,
the mountain where Perseus first mounted Pegasus, id. ib. 3, 633:Persea Tarsos,
founded by Perseus, Luc. 3, 225:Babylon,
id. 6, 449.—The last king of Macedonia, v. Perses, IV.2.Persēus, a, um, v. the preced. art., I. B. 1. -
103 П-371
HE ПУСКАТЬ/НЕ ПУСТИТЬ НА ПОРОГ кого coll VP subj: human not to allow s.o. into one's houseX не пустит Y-a на порог = X won't let Y set foot in X's house (home etc)X won't let Y in the door (of his house etc) X won't have Y in X's home X won't allow Y over X's threshold X won't let Y (so much as) cross X's threshold."А дочь свою и не думай приводить к нам. На порог не пушу...» (Айтматов 1). "And don't have any ideas about taking your daughter in with us. I won't let her set foot in here..." (1b)....Мать (Тани) уперлась и твердила одно: Игорь - авантюрист, он хочет проникнуть в наш круг... Я его больше на порог не пущу (Ерофеев 3)....(Tanya's mother) persisted and kept repeating the same thing: Igor was a shady character, he was trying to get into their circle....She just wouldn't have him in their home one more time (3a).Отец Зины, Оскар Григорьевич Мерц, умер от грудной жабы в Берлине четыре года тому назад, и немедленно после его кончины Марианна Николаевна вышла замуж за человека, которого Мерц не пустил бы к себе на порог... (Набоков 1). Zina's father, Oscar Grigorievich Mertz, had died of angina pectoris in Berlin four years ago, and immediately after his death Marianna Nikolavna (sic) had married a man whom Mertz would not have allowed over his threshold... (1a).Эти товарищи - управители наши, Юриных родителей на порог не пускают (Рыбаков 2)....The comrades, the bosses and managers...wouldn't let Yuri's parents so much as cross their threshold... (2a). -
104 не пускать на порог
• НЕ ПУСКАТЬ/НЕ ПУСТИТЬ НА ПОРОГ кого coll[VP; subj: human]=====⇒ not to allow s.o. into one's house:- X won't let Yin the door (of his house etc);- X won't let Y (so much as) cross X's threshold.♦ "А дочь свою и не думай приводить к нам. На порог не пушу..." (Айтматов 1). "And don't have any ideas about taking your daughter in with us. I won't let her set foot in here..." (1b).♦... Мать [Тани] упёрлась и твердила одно: Игорь - авантюрист, он хочет проникнуть в наш круг... Я его больше на порог не пушу (Ерофеев 3)....[Tknya's mother] persisted and kept repeating the same thing: Igor was a shady character; he was trying to get into their circle....She just wouldn't have him in their home one more time (3a).♦ Отец Зины, Оскар Григорьевич Мерц, умер от грудной жабы в Берлине четыре года тому назад, и немедленно после его кончины Марианна Николаевна вышла замуж за человека, которого Мерц не пустил бы к себе на порог... (Набоков 1). Zina's father, Oscar Grigorievich Mertz, had died of angina pectoris in Berlin four years ago, and immediately after his death Marianna Nikolavna [s/c] had married a man whom Mertz would not have allowed over his threshold... (1a).♦ Эти товарищи - управители наши, Юриных родителей на порог не пускают (Рыбаков 2)....The comrades, the bosses and managers...wouldn't let Yuri's parents so much as cross their threshold... (2a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > не пускать на порог
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105 не пустить на порог
• НЕ ПУСКАТЬ/НЕ ПУСТИТЬ НА ПОРОГ кого coll[VP; subj: human]=====⇒ not to allow s.o. into one's house:- X won't let Yin the door (of his house etc);- X won't let Y (so much as) cross X's threshold.♦ "А дочь свою и не думай приводить к нам. На порог не пушу..." (Айтматов 1). "And don't have any ideas about taking your daughter in with us. I won't let her set foot in here..." (1b).♦... Мать [Тани] упёрлась и твердила одно: Игорь - авантюрист, он хочет проникнуть в наш круг... Я его больше на порог не пушу (Ерофеев 3)....[Tknya's mother] persisted and kept repeating the same thing: Igor was a shady character; he was trying to get into their circle....She just wouldn't have him in their home one more time (3a).♦ Отец Зины, Оскар Григорьевич Мерц, умер от грудной жабы в Берлине четыре года тому назад, и немедленно после его кончины Марианна Николаевна вышла замуж за человека, которого Мерц не пустил бы к себе на порог... (Набоков 1). Zina's father, Oscar Grigorievich Mertz, had died of angina pectoris in Berlin four years ago, and immediately after his death Marianna Nikolavna [s/c] had married a man whom Mertz would not have allowed over his threshold... (1a).♦ Эти товарищи - управители наши, Юриных родителей на порог не пускают (Рыбаков 2)....The comrades, the bosses and managers...wouldn't let Yuri's parents so much as cross their threshold... (2a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > не пустить на порог
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106 kassieren
I v/t1. (Miete, Geld etc.) collect2. umg. (verlangen) charge; (einstecken) take, pocket; (verdienen) make; (erhalten) receive; fig. (Lob, Anerkennung) earn; er hat für die Reparatur eine Menge Geld kassiert he charged a lot (of money) for the repair; bei dem Geschäft kassierte sie ein Vermögen she made a fortune on the deal3. umg. (hinnehmen müssen) (Schlag) take, receive; (blaues Auge, Strafpunkte etc.) get; (Niederlage) suffer; die Mannschaft kassierte die siebte Niederlage in Folge auch the team recorded ( oder went down to) their seventh successive defeat5. JUR. (Urteil) quash; (Erlass, Anordnung) revokeII v/i take ( oder collect) the money; bei jemandem kassieren give s.o. the bill (Am., im Restaurant check); dürfte ich jetzt kassieren? im Lokal: do you mind if I give you the bill (Am. check) now?, can I settle up with you now?; ganz schön kassieren umg. be raking it in; bei einem Geschäft: clean up, make a bomb (Am. a fortune); und er kassiert umg., iro. and he pockets it all* * *to cash* * *kas|sie|ren [ka'siːrən] ptp kassiert1. vtnach seinem Tode kassierte sie 50.000 Euro (inf) — after his death she collected 50,000 euros
bei jedem Verkauf kassiert er eine Menge Geld (inf) — he makes a packet (Brit) or bundle on every sale (inf)
2) (inf = wegnehmen) to take away, to confiscate3) (inf = verhaften) to nab (inf)2. vi(= abrechnen) to take the moneybei jdm kassíéren — to collect or get money from sb
darf ich kassíéren, bitte? — would you like to pay now?
* * *kas·sie·ren *[kaˈsi:rən]I. vt▪ etw [bei jdm] \kassieren to collect sth [from sb]sie kassierte den ersten Preis she picked up first prize▪ etw \kassieren to confiscate sth, to take sth away5. JUR▪ etw \kassieren to quash sthein Urteil \kassieren to quash a verdictII. vi1. (abrechnen)▪ [bei jdm] \kassieren to settle the bill [with sb]darf ich schon [bei Ihnen] \kassieren? would you mind settling the bill now?gut [o ganz schön] \kassieren to clean up nicely* * *I 1.transitives Verb1) (einziehen) collect <rent etc.>2) (ugs.): (einnehmen) collect <money, fee, etc.>; (fig.) receive, get <recognition, praise, etc.>2.bei der Transaktion hat er 50 000 Euro kassiert — he made 50,000 euros on the deal
intransitives Verb1)bei jemandem kassieren — < waiter> give somebody his/her bill or (Amer.) check; (ohne Rechnung) < waiter> settle up with somebody
darf ich bei Ihnen kassieren? — would you like your bill?/can I settle up with you?
2) (ugs.): (Geld einnehmen) collect the moneyII[bei einem Geschäft] ganz schön kassieren — make a packet (coll.) or (coll.) a bomb [on a deal]
* * *A. v/t2. umg (verlangen) charge; (einstecken) take, pocket; (verdienen) make; (erhalten) receive; fig (Lob, Anerkennung) earn;er hat für die Reparatur eine Menge Geld kassiert he charged a lot (of money) for the repair;bei dem Geschäft kassierte sie ein Vermögen she made a fortune on the deal3. umg (hinnehmen müssen) (Schlag) take, receive; (blaues Auge, Strafpunkte etc) get; (Niederlage) suffer;die Mannschaft kassierte die siebte Niederlage in Folge auch the team recorded ( oder went down to) their seventh successive defeatdürfte ich jetzt kassieren? im Lokal: do you mind if I give you the bill (US check) now?, can I settle up with you now?;und er kassiert umg, iron and he pockets it all* * *I 1.transitives Verb1) (einziehen) collect <rent etc.>2) (ugs.): (einnehmen) collect <money, fee, etc.>; (fig.) receive, get <recognition, praise, etc.>bei der Transaktion hat er 50 000 Euro kassiert — he made 50,000 euros on the deal
5) (ugs.): (verhaften/gefangen nehmen) pick up; nab (sl.); nick (Brit. coll.)2.intransitives Verb1)bei jemandem kassieren — < waiter> give somebody his/her bill or (Amer.) check; (ohne Rechnung) < waiter> settle up with somebody
darf ich bei Ihnen kassieren? — would you like your bill?/can I settle up with you?
2) (ugs.): (Geld einnehmen) collect the moneyII[bei einem Geschäft] ganz schön kassieren — make a packet (coll.) or (coll.) a bomb [on a deal]
* * *v.to take the money expr. -
107 Manuel I, king
(1469-1521)King Manuel I, named "The Fortunate" in Portuguese tradition, ruled from 1495 to 1521, the zenith of Portugal's world power and imperial strength. Manuel was the 14th king of Portugal and the ninth son of Infante Dom Fernando and Dona Brites, as well as the adopted son of King João II (r. 1481-95). Manuel ascended the throne when the royal heir, Dom Afonso, the victim of a riding accident, suddenly died. Manuel's three marriages provide a map of the royal and international history of the era. His first marriage (1497) was to the widow of Dom Afonso, son of King João II, late heir to the throne. The second (1500) was to the Infanta Dona Maria of Castile, and the third marriage (1518) was to Dona Leonor, sister of King Carlos V (Hapsburg emperor and king of Spain).Manuel's reign featured several important developments in government, such as the centralization of state power and royal absolutism; overseas expansion, namely the decision in 1495 to continue on from Africa to Asia and the building of an Asian maritime trade empire; and innovation and creativity in culture, with the emergence of the Manueline architectural style and the writings of Gil Vicente and others. There was also an impact on population and demography with the expulsion or forcible conversion of the Jews. In 1496, King Manuel I approved a decree that forced all Jews who would not become baptized as Christians to leave the country within 10 months. The Jews had been expelled from Spain in 1492. The economic impact on Portugal in coming decades or even centuries is debatable, but it is clear that a significant number of Jews converted and remained in Portugal, becoming part of the Portuguese establishment.King Manuel's decision in 1495, backed by a royal council and by the Cortes called that year, to continue the quest for Asia by means of seeking an all-water route from Portugal around Africa to India was momentous. Sponsorship of Vasco da Gama's first great voyage (1497-99) to India was the beginning of an era of unprecedented imperial wealth, power, and excitement. It became the official goal to create a maritime monopoly of the Asian spice trade and keep it in Portugal's hands. When Pedro Álvares Cabral's voyage from Lisbon to India was dispatched in 1500, its route was deliberately planned to swing southwest into the Atlantic, thus sighting "The Land of the Holy Cross," or Brazil, which soon became a Portuguese colony. Under King Manuel, the foundations were laid for Portugal's Brazilian and Asian empire, from Calicut to the Moluccas. Described by France's King Francis I as the "Grocer King," with his command of the mighty spice trade, King Manuel approved of a fitting monument to the new empire: the building of the magnificent Jerónimos Monastery where, after his death in 1521, both Manuel and Vasco da Gama were laid to rest. -
108 делить
гл.Русский глагол делить описывает действие разделения независимо от результата и цели деления. В отличие от него английские соответствия подчеркивают разный характер деления, разные результаты и цели.1. to divide — делить, разделять, расходиться (обозначает расчленение целого на более мелкие части; указывает на множественность результатов воздействия на объект, претерпевший изменение): to divide smth into several/equal parts (evenly) — разделить что-либо на несколько частей/на равные части (поровну); to divide smth into three sections — разделить что-либо на три раздела; to divide smth among smb — разделить что-либо между кем-либо (т. е. дать каждому одну из частей целого); to divide smth into halves — делить что-либо надвое/делить что-либо пополам/делить что-либо поровну; to divide smth from smth — отделять что-либо от чего-либо The ruler is divided into inches. — Линейка разделена на дюймы./На линейке нанесены деления в один дюйм. Divide the pastry and roll out one part. — Разделите тесто на две части и раскатайте одну. Divide the class into two groups. — Разделите класс на две группы. The film is divided into distinct halves. — Фильм делится на две отличные друг от друга половины. Work out how you would like to divide the money. — Продумайте, как вы хотите разделить эти деньги. After his death his property was divided among his children. — После его смерти имущество было поделено между его детьми. A wall divided the playground and the sports field. — Спортивное поле отделено от игровой площадки стеной. Divide fifty by five. — Раздели пятьдесят на пять. The road divides at the corner. — Дорога на повороте расходится.2. to separate — делить, отделять, разнимать (не предполагает обязательного дробления, о подчеркивает отделение одной части от другой или разграничение одного объекта от другого): to separate into two parties (into three parts) — разделиться на две партии (на три части)/расколоться на две партии (на три части); to separate the lighting boys — разнимать дерущихся мальчишек; to separate sense from nonsense — отличать смысл от бессмыслицы We separated good apples from bad ones. — Мы отделили хорошие яблоки от плохих./Мы отобрали хорошие яблоки. England is separated from Europe (the Continent) by the sea. — Англию от Европы (континента) отделяет море. A great distance separated us. — Нас разделяло большое расстояние./ Между нами было большое расстояние. I separated from the company and returned home. — Я распрощался со всей компанией и вернулся домой. These fields are separated by a fence. — Поля отделены друг от друга забором. These sentences are separated by a comma. — Эти предложения отделены запятой. The river separates the two countries. — Река разделяет две страны./Эти две страны отделены друг от друга рекой.3. to share — делить, разделять, делиться (в отличие от глаголов to divide и to separate, обозначающих разделение или разьединение, глагол to share связан с понятием объединения, совместного использования чего-либо или владения чем-либо; глагол указывает на множественность субъектов, воздействующих на один и тот же объект, который остается неизменным, самим собой): to share smb's views (smb's opinion) — разделять чьи-либо взгляды (чье-либо мнение); to share one's lunch — разделить с кем-либо свой завтрак/ поделиться с кем-либо своим завтраком; to share expenses (joys, cares) with smb — делить с кем-либо расходы (радости, заботы); to share one's experience with smb — поделиться с кем-либо своим опытом We share everything. — У нас все поровну. The sisters shared the room. — Сестры жили в одной комнате. Не will have to share the responsibility. — Ему придется разделить ответственность (с кем-то еще). Не shares all my troubles. — Он делит со мной все горести/беды. Share and share alike. — Бог велел делиться./На равных правах. -
109 Smith, Willoughby
[br]b. 16 April 1828 Great Yarmouth, Englandd. 17 July 1891 Eastbourne, England[br]English engineer of submarine telegraph cables who observed that light reduced the resistance of selenium.[br]Smith joined the Gutta Percha Company, London, in 1848 and successfully experimented with the use of gutta-percha, a natural form of latex, for the insulation of conducting wires. As a result, he was made responsible for the laying of the first cross-Channel cable between Dover and Calais in 1850. Four years later he laid the first Mediterranean cable between Spezia, Italy, and Corsica and Sardinia, later extending it to Algeria. On its completion he became Manager of the Gutta Percha works, which in 1864 became the Telegraph and Construction Company. In 1865 he assisted on board the Great Eastern with the laying of the transatlantic cable by Bright.Clearly his management responsibilities did not stop him from experimenting practically. In 1866 he discovered that the resistance of a selenium rod was reduced by the action of incident light, an early discovery of the photoelectric effect more explicitly observed by Hertz and subsequently explained by Einstein. In 1883 he read a paper to the Society of Telegraph Engineers (later the Institution of Electrical Engineers), suggesting the possibility of wireless communication with moving trains, an idea that was later successfully taken up by others, and in 1888 he demonstrated the use of water as a practical means of communication with a lighthouse. Four years later, after his death, the system was tried between Alum Bay and the Needles in the Isle of Wight, and it was used subsequently for the Fastnet Rock lighthouse some 10 miles (16 km) off the south-west coast of Ireland.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFounder and Council Member of the Society of Telegraph Engineers 1871; President 1873.BibliographyThe effect of light on the resistance of selenium was reported in a letter to the Vice- Chairman of the Society of Telegraph Engineers on 4 February 1873.7 June 1897, British patent no. 8,159 (the use of water, instead of cable, as a conductor).November 1888, article in Electrician (describes his idea of using water as a conductor, rather than cable).Further ReadingE.Hawkes, 1927, Pioneers of Wireless, London: Methuen.C.T.Bright, 1898, Submarine Cables, Their History, Construction and Working.See also: Field, Cyrus WestKF -
110 Aeneas
Aenēas, ae, m. (also in the nom. Aenea, Varr. ap. Charis. p. 50 P.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 61; gen. sometimes Aeneā, Apul. Orth. § 23 Osann.; acc. Aenean often, after the Gr. Ainein, Ov. F. 5, 568; id. H. 7, 36; voc. Aenēā, Poët. ap Varr. L. L. 6, § 60 Müll.; Ov. H. 7, 9), = Aineias, Æneas, son of Venus and Anchises, the hero of Virgil's epic poem, and ancestor of the Romans, worshipped after his death as Juppiter Indiges; cf. Nieb. Röm. Gesch. 1, 207 sq. -
111 после его смерти дом достанется сыну
General subject: the house is coming to his son after his deathУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > после его смерти дом достанется сыну
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112 शल्यम् _śalyam
शल्यम् [शल्-यत्]1 A spear, javelin, dart.-2 An arrow, a shaft; शल्यं निखातमुदहारयतामुरस्तः R.9.78; शल्यप्रोतम् 9.75; अवगच्छति मूढचेतनः प्रयनाशं हृदि शल्यमर्पितम् R.8.88; Ś.6.8; V.2.1.-3 A thorn, splinter.-4 A pin, peg, stake (said to be m. also in these four senses).-5 Any extraneous substance lodged in the body and giving it very great pain; आलातशल्यम् U.3. 35; अपनीताशेषशल्यः Dk.-6 (Fig.) Any cause of poig- nant or heart-rending grief; उद्धृतविषादशल्यः कथयिष्यामि Ś.7.-7 A bone.-8 Difficulty, distress.-9 Sin, crime.-1 Poison.-11 Abuse, defamation.-12 Aegle Mar- melos (बिल्व).-ल्यः 1 A porcupine, hedge-hog; Bhāg. 8.2.22.-2 The thorny shrub.-3 Extraction of splinters.-4 A fence, boundary.-5 The Bilva and Madana trees.-6 A kind of fish.-7 N. of a king of Madra and brother of Mādrī, the second wife of Pāṇḍu, and thus maternal uncle of Nakula and Saha- deva. (In the great war he at first intended to fight on the side of the Pāṇdavas, but he was artfully won over by Duryodhana and subsequently fought in his behalf. He acted as charioteer to Karṇa when he was generalissimo of the Kaurava forces, and after his death was appointed commander. He maintained the field for one day, but was at last slain by Yudhi- ṣṭhira).-ल्या A kind of dance (mentioned with लास्य and चलित).-Comp. -अरिः an epithet of Yudhiṣṭhira.-आहरणम्, -उद्धरणम्, -उद्धारः, -क्रिया, -शास्त्रम् extraction of thorns or splinters, or that part of sur- gery which relates to the extraction of extraneous matter from the body.-कण्ठः a porcupine.-कर्त्तृ a surgeon.-क्रिया the extraction of thorns or other extraneous substances lodged in the body.-पर्वन् N. of the 9th book of the Mahābhārata.-प्रोत a. pierced by an arrow.-लोमन् n. the quill of a porcupine.-हर्तृ m.1 a weeder.-2 a surgeon. -
113 divide
I [dɪ'vaɪd]1) (split) divisione f.2) fig. (watershed) spartiacque m.II 1. [dɪ'vaɪd]1) (split into parts) dividere, suddividere [food, money, work]3) (separate) separare ( from da)4) (cause disagreement) dividere [friends, group]5) GB pol. fare votare [ House]6) mat. dividere [ number]2.1) [road, river] dividersi in due; [ group] dividersi, suddividersi; [cell, organism] dividersi2) GB pol. [ House] dividersi per votare3) mat. essere divisibile•* * *1) (to separate into parts or groups: The wall divided the garden in two; The group divided into three when we got off the bus; We are divided (= We do not agree) as to where to spend our holidays.) dividere2) ((with between or among) to share: We divided the sweets between us.) dividere, spartire3) (to find out how many times one number contains another: 6 divided by 2 equals 3.) dividere•- dividers- divisible
- division
- divisional* * *divide /dɪˈvaɪd/n.2 (fig.) contrasto, frattura: to bridge the divide between the parties, sanare la frattura tra i partiti; a cultural [political, religious] divide, un contrasto culturale [politico, religioso]♦ (to) divide /dɪˈvaɪd/A v. t.1 ( anche to divide up) dividere, ripartire: to divide the students in two groups, dividere gli studenti in due gruppi; After his death, the property was divided between his two sons, dopo la sua morte, la proprietà è stata ripartita tra i suoi due figli; We sold the house and divided up the money, abbiamo venduto la casa e ci siamo spartiti i soldi2 dividere, separare ( anche fig.): The mountains divide the interior of the country from the sea, le montagne separano l'entroterra dal mare; The garden is divided into two by a tall hedge, il giardino è diviso in due da un'alta siepe; to divide in half, dividere a metà; The two sides are divided by centuries of fear and mistrust, le due fazioni sono separate da secoli di paura e diffidenza; More unites us than divides us, ci uniscono più cose di quante non ci separinoB v. i.1 dividersi; separarsi: When the road divides, stay on the right, quando la strada si divide, tieniti sulla destra; The Po divides at its mouth, il Po si divide alla foce; The cell divides into two daughter cells, la cellula si divide in due cellule figlie2 (mat.: di un numero) essere multiplo di: 20 does not divide by 6, 20 non è multiplo di 6; to divide 4 into 20, calcolare quanto fa 20 diviso 4; 4 divides into 20 5 times, il 4 sta 5 volte nel 204 (polit., in GB: del parlamento) dividersi (in due gruppi opposti) per votare; votare per divisione● to divide off, separare □ to divide and rule, dividere per comandare: a policy of divide and rule, la politica di dividere per comandare □ to divide one's time between, dividersi tra: I divide my spare time between my family and my hobbies, nel tempo libero mi divido fra famiglia e hobby.NOTA D'USO: - to divide in o to divide into-* * *I [dɪ'vaɪd]1) (split) divisione f.2) fig. (watershed) spartiacque m.II 1. [dɪ'vaɪd]1) (split into parts) dividere, suddividere [food, money, work]3) (separate) separare ( from da)4) (cause disagreement) dividere [friends, group]5) GB pol. fare votare [ House]6) mat. dividere [ number]2.1) [road, river] dividersi in due; [ group] dividersi, suddividersi; [cell, organism] dividersi2) GB pol. [ House] dividersi per votare3) mat. essere divisibile• -
114 attest
[ə'test]гл.1) подтверждать, заверять, удостоверять;Forty-five works remained after his death to attest his prodigious industry. — После его смерти осталось сорок пять работ, подтверждающих его выдающееся трудолюбие.
Syn:2) ( attest to) свидетельствовать, давать свидетельские показани; подтверждать (что-л.)Several witnesses can attest to her good character. — Несколько свидетелей могут подтвердить, что у неё хороший характер.
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115 leave
I [liːv] сущ.1)а) позволение, разрешениеto ask leave (to do smth.) — просить позволения (сделать что-л.)
with / by your leave уст. — с вашего позволения
Syn:б) воен. увольнительная, увольнение (разрешение об отлучке, выданное служащему армии)2) = leave of absence отпускto extend smb.'s leave — продлевать чей-л. отпуск
- maternity leaveto give / grant a leave — давать отпуск
- paternity leave
- paid leave
- research leave
- sabbatical leave - leave without pay
- leave allowance
- leave travel3)а) отъезд, уход; отправление, отходб) расставание, прощаниеSyn:Gram:[ref dict="LingvoGrammar (En-Ru)"]Leave-taking[/ref]••II [liːv] гл.; прош. вр., прич. прош. вр. leftto take French leave — уйти не попрощавшись, уйти по-английски
1)а) покидатьShe left the room without explanation. — Она покинула комнату без объяснений.
Syn:Ant:б) уезжать, переезжатьShe left her comfortable home for a rugged life in the desert. — Она променяла свой уютный дом на суровую жизнь в пустыне.
Syn:2)The wound left a deep scar. — После раны остался глубокий шрам.
б) забывать, оставлятьI left my keys at my grandma's. — Я забыла ключи у бабушки.
Can you tell me the time? I've left my watch behind. — Не подскажешь мне время? Я забыл свои часы дома.
в) оставаться ( в остатке)Ten minus five leaves five. — От десяти отнять пять - останется пять.
3) оставлять в каком-л. положении или состоянииto leave smth. unsaid — не сказать (чего-л. / о чём-л.)
to leave smth. undone — не сделать (чего-л.)
They left the fields fallow. — Они оставили поля под паром.
I left him working in the garden. — Когда я уходил, он работал в саду.
The film left me cold. — Фильм не тронул меня.
The insult left him speechless. — Оскорбление лишило его дара речи.
The flood left them homeless. — Потоп оставил их без крова.
Ant:4) оставлять, передаватьto leave word for smb. — велеть передать кому-л. (что-л.)
They left the children with her mother. — Они оставили детей с её матерью.
She left her books with us. — Она оставила нам книги.
5) предоставлять, поручатьto leave up to smb. — оставлять кому-л. ( для решения)
We left this decision up to her. — Мы предоставили ей решать этот вопрос.
She left the report for me. — Она поручила доклад мне.
We left them to muddle through on their own. — Мы предоставили им самим довести это дело до конца.
Syn:6)а) завещать, оставлять ( наследство)After his death she was well left. — После его смерти она была хорошо обеспечена наследством.
He left his estate to her. — Он оставил ей своё поместье.
Syn:б) оставить ( после себя)He left a widow and two children. — (После его смерти) осталась вдова с двумя детьми.
7) прекращатьIt is time to leave talking and begin acting. — Пора перестать разговаривать и начать действовать.
8) амер.; разг. разрешать, позволятьSyn:•- leave behind
- leave out
- leave off
- leave over••to leave smth. in the air — оставлять незаконченным (мысль, речь)
to leave smb. to himself — не вмешиваться в чьи-л. дела, предоставить кого-л. самому себе
to leave smb. / smth. alone — оставлять кого-л. / что-л. в покое; не трогать кого-л. / что-л.
to be / get (nicely) left — быть покинутым, обманутым, одураченным
III [liːv] гл.Leave that bag alone, it's not yours! — Оставь в покое эту сумку, она не твоя!
The poplars were leaved out. — Тополя покрылись листвой.
Syn: -
116 sadly
['sædlɪ]нареч.1) печально, грустноSyn:2)а) прискорбно; достойно сожаления; ужасноThe flies torment us sadly. — Мухи нам ужасно досаждали.
If you think you'll get any money from him, you're sadly mistaken. — Если вы надеетесь получить от него денег, то вы жестоко ошибаетесь.
Syn:б) к сожалениюSadly, his collection was sold and dispersed throughout the world after his death. — К сожалению, после его смерти его коллекция была распродана и рассеяна по всему свету.
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117 be fond of the bottle
(be fond of (или take to) the bottle (тж. жарг. belt the bottle))питать пристрастие к спиртному, прикладываться к бутылке; ≈ закладывать за галстук, за воротникThe poor man, so it was said, had been fond of the bottle; and his family, after his death, and before it, were left in the rough and rocky lap of poverty. (S. O'Casey, ‘Pictures in the Hallway’, ‘All Heaven and Harmsworth Too’) — Бедняга, говорят, питал пристрастие к бутылочке, и его семейство - до и после его смерти - перебивалось с хлеба на воду.
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118 MacArthur, John Stewart
[br]b. December 1856 Hutchesontown, Glasgow, Scotlandd. 16 March 1920 Pollokshields, Glasgow, Scotland[br]Scottish industrial chemist who introduced the "cyanide process" for the commercial extraction of gold from its ores.[br]MacArthur served his apprenticeship in the laboratory of Tennant's Tharsis Sulphur and Copper Company in Glasgow. In 1886 he was appointed Technical Manager of the Tennant-run Cassel Gold Extracting Company. By 1888 he was advocating a treatment scheme in which gold was dissolved from crushed rock by a dilute solution of alkali cyanide and then precipitated onto finely divided zinc. During the next few years, with several assistants, he was extremely active in promoting the new gold-extraction technique in various parts of the world. In 1894 significant sums in royalty payments were received, but by 1897 the patents had been successfully contested; henceforth the Cassel Company concentrated on the production and marketing of the essential sodium cyanide reagent.MacArthur was Managing Director of the Cassel Company from 1892 to 1897; he resigned as a director in December 1905. In 1907 he created the Antimony Recovery Syndicate, and in 1911 he set up a small plant at Runcorn, Cheshire, to produce radium salts. In 1915 this radium-extraction activity was transferred to Balloch, south of Loch Lomond, where it was used until some years after his death.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsInstitution of Mining and Metallurgy Gold Medal 1902.Bibliography10 August 1888, jointly with R.W.Forrest and W.Forrest, British patent no. 14,174. 13 July 1889, jointly with R.W.Forrest and W. Forrest, British patent no. 10,223. 1905, "Gold extraction by cyanide: a retrospect", Journal of the Society of ChemicalIndustry (15 April):311–15.Further ReadingD.I.Harvie, 1989, "John Stewart MacArthur: pioneer gold and radium refiner", Endeavour (NS) 13(4):179–84 (draws on family documents not previously published).JKABiographical history of technology > MacArthur, John Stewart
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119 Zonca, Vittorio
[br]b. c. 1568 Italyd. 1603 Italy[br]Italian architect who wrote a book on machines.[br]All that is known of Zonca is included on the frontispiece of the book that is his only claim to fame. He is there described as architect to the "Magnificent Community of Padua". He compiled a book on machines entitled Novo teatro de machine ed edificii (New Display of Machines and Edifices), illustrated with numerous fine engravings. It was printed in Padua in 1607, four years after his death, by Francesco Bertelli, who said of the book that it "came into my hands", as though he knew nothing of the author.During the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, a number of illustrated books on technical subjects appeared, compiled by knowledgeable and educated authors. These books greatly helped the spread of information about the technical arts throughout Europe. There were several books on mechanical devices, notably those by Ramelli, Besson and Zonca. In some ways, Zonca's is the most interesting, for it seems closest to the mechanical practice of the time. Several of the machines he describes are referred to as being in use in Padua or Venice and he suggests ways of improving them. The range of machines is wider than in other similar works and includes pumps, cranes, powder mills, printing and bookbinding presses and textile machines. Perhaps the most interesting of these is the water-driven silk-threading machine, since some of its components resemble those in use in the twentieth century. Spinning mills were widely used in the silk industry in sixteenth-century Italy, and Zonca offers a full description of one. He also shows the first example of an oblique treadwheel, driven by oxen for the grinding of grain. Even so, despite all the practical detail, the book ends, like others of its kind, with fantasy, in a description of a perpetual-motion machine.[br]Further ReadingA.G.Keller, 1964, A Theatre of Machines, London: Chapman \& Hall (provides brief details and illustrations from the books by Ramelli, Besson and Zonca).LRD -
120 cite
saɪt гл.
1) ссылаться( на что-л.) ;
цитировать, приводить цитату Syn: adduce, quote, refer
2) вызывать в суд
3) воен. упоминать в списках отличившихся (за что) (for) After his death, the soldier was cited for bravery. ≈ Посмертно солдат был отмечен за храбрость.
4) созывать, привлекать (внимание каким-либо примером, прецедентом) Syn: summon ссылаться;
приводить - to * precedent ссылаться на прецедент - to * an instance привести пример - the facts just *d вышеприведенные факты - to * the circumstances изложить обстоятельства цитировать - to * a passage процитировать отрывок, привести цитату перечислять;
упоминать вспоминать (юридическое) вызывать в суд (как обвиняемого или свидетеля) (юридическое) вызывать в церковный суд( юридическое) (американизм) привлекать к судебной ответственности;
предавать суду - he was *d for contempt of court за оскорбление суда он был привлечен к судебной ответственности вызывать, звать;
призывать - to * to the field звать на поле брани( американизм) (военное) упоминать в приказе или сводке (отличившегося военнослужащего) - he was *d for bravery under fire он получил благодарность за боевые заслуги cite вызывать (в суд, преим. церковный) ~ вызывать в суд ~ юр. вызывать в суд ~ излагать обстоятельства ~ перечислять (факты) ~ юр. предавать суду ~ юр. привлекать к судебной ответственности ~ приводить ~ ссылаться;
цитировать ~ ссылаться ~ юр. ссылаться на прецедент ~ воен. упоминать в списках отличившихся ~ цитировать, ссылаться ~ цитировать
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