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21 cognatio
cognātĭo, ōnis, f. [cognatus].I. A.Of men.1.Absol.: societas... quae nata a primo satu... serpit sensim foras, cognationibus primum, tum adfinitatibus, [p. 361] deinde amicitiis, post vicinitatibus, tum civibus, Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 65:2.frater noster cognatione patruelis,
id. ib. 5, 1, 1:ut quisque te maxime cognatione, adfinitate, necessitudine aliquā attingebat,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 27:cognationem commemorare,
id. ib. 2, 2, 26, §64: cognationis jura inpetrare,
Plin. Pan. 37, 3: propinqua, a near or close relationship:cujus gloriae faveo propter propinquam cognationem,
Cic. Lig. 3, 8:Barcina, propinquā cognatione Hannibali junctus,
Liv. 23, 41, 2; cf. id. 6, 39, 4 (infra 2); Nep. praef. 7; Suet. Ner. 3; Curt. 5, 3, 12; 6, 11, 20;for which: artissimā cognatione alicui junctum esse,
Just. 5, 6, 4: longa or longinqua, a distant relationship:longā quidem cognatione stirpi regiae adnexus,
Curt. 4, 1, 19:Alexandrum etiam longinquā cognatione contingere,
id. 10, 10, 19. —With cum:3.dicere, sibi cum eo amicitiam cognationemque esse,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 64:nulla tibi cum isto cognatio, nulla necessitudo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 68, § 176; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 33, §72: agere mecum per cognationem quae mihi secum esset,
id. Att. 12, 49, 1.—With gen. pers.:B.deorum cognationem agnoscerem non invitus ( = cum dis),
Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 91; cf.:deorum cognatione teneri,
id. Div. 1, 30, 64:dictatorem propinquā cognatione Licini se apud patres excusare solitum,
Liv. 6, 39, 4:Alexandro cognatio Bubaris non Darei tantum temporibus pacem praestitit,
Just. 7, 4, 1; 12, 3, 1.—Of animals:C.equorum,
Plin. 8, 42, 64, § 157:caprarum,
id. 8, 50, 76, § 203.—Of plants:II.arborum,
Plin. 16, 12, 23, § 61:caeparum,
id. 19, 6, 33, § 108:papyri cum calamis,
id. 16, 36, 64, § 157.—Transf., concr., kindred, relations, persons, allied by descent:III.homo summae potentiae et magnae cognationis,
Caes. B. G. 7, 32:hoc commune dedecus familiae, cognationis, nominis,
Cic. Clu. 6, 16: cum tibi tota cognatio sarraco advehatur, id. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 21.—Trop.A.In gen., relationship, association, intimate or natural connection, agreement, kindred, resemblance, affinity (freq. and class.):B.quibus (poëtis) est maxima cognatio cum oratoribus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 7, 27; id. Ac. 2, 36, 115:cognatio studiorum et artium,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 37, § 81; cf.:omnes artes... quasi cognatione quādam inter se continentur,
id. Arch. 1, 2:numerus... nec habebat aliquam necessitudinem aut cognationem cum oratione,
id. Or. 56, 187:numquam sibi cognationem cum praediis esse existimavit suis,
id. Sull. 20, 59:an potest cognatio propior ulla esse quam patriae?
id. Phil. 5, 2, 6:cum rerum naturā,
id. Div. 2, 14, 33:rerum duarum,
subjects, Quint. 9, 2, 105:dierum ac noctium,
Plin. 6, 33, 39, § 211:quid in litteris proprium, quid commune, quae cum quibus cognatio,
Quint. 1, 4, 12; 1, 10, 36:huic (napthae) magna cognatio ignium,
Plin. 2, 105, 109, § 235.—Transf., concr., of works of art:Pamphili cognatio et proelium ad Phliuntem ac victoria Atheniensium,
the allied commanders painted by Pamphilus, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 76; 35, 11, 40, § 136. -
22 congenero
con-gĕnĕro, no perf., ātum, 1, v. a.I.To beget or produce at the same time (very rare; perh. only in the foll. exs., and only in the perf. part.):II.porci congenerati,
of the same litter, Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 19; so in part.:senium parentis,
Col. 7, 3, 15.— Trop.:congeneratum verbum,
of the same root, Varr. L. L. 10, § 39.—To unite by affinity, to connect, Att. ap. Non. p. 84, 28 (Trag. Rel. v. 580 Rib.). -
23 consanguinitas
consanguĭnĭtas, ātis, f. [consanguineus], blood-relationship, consanguinity (rare; perh. not ante-Aug.).I.In a restricted sense, the relationship between brothers and sisters (mostly in the jurists), Dig. 38, 8, 4; 1, 7, 44.—II.In a more extended sense, relationship, in gen., Liv. 7, 19, 6; 8, 5, 4; Verg. A. 2, 86.—* b.Trop.: doctrinae, affinity, similarity, Tert. adv. Haeret. c. 32 fin. -
24 propinquitas
I.Lit., of place:II.ex longinquitate, propinquitate,
Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 38:hostium,
Caes. B. G. 2, 20:loci,
id. ib. 7, 19:ex propinquitate pugnare,
from a short distance, close at hand, id. ib. 2, 31:nimis imminebat propter propinquitatem Aegina Piraeo,
Cic. Off. 3, 11, 46; id. Phil. 3, 6, 15.— In plur.:silvarum ac fluminum petunt propinquitates,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29.—Trop.A.Relationship, affinity, propinquity:B. C.si pietate propinquitas colitur,
Cic. Quint. 6, 26:vinculis propinquitatis conjunctus,
id. Planc. 11, 27:nobilis propinquitas,
Nep. Dion, 1, 2:arcta,
near relationship, Plin. Ep. 4, 4, 1:jus propinquitatis,
Vulg. Ruth, 3, 13; Tac. G. 7.— Plur.:si propinquitates summo bono non contineantur,
Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 69.—Concr., a kinsman (late Lat.):in propinquitatis perniciem inclinatior,
Amm. 14, 11, 7 al. -
25 U
U, u (orig. V, v, a modification of the Greek U, Marc. Vict. p. 2459 P.), the twentieth letter of the Latin alphabet ( i and j being counted as one), a vowel, which was early distinguished by the old grammarians from the consonant V, though represented by the same sign; v. the letter V. The long u corresponded in sound to the Greek ou, and to the German and Italian u (Engl. oo); the short u seems to have been an obscure sound resembling the German ü and the French u; hence ŭ sometimes represented the Greek u, as in fuga from phugê, cuminum from kuminon, etc.; and sometimes was exchanged with the Latin i, as in opt i mus and opt u mus, carn u fex and carn i fex, sat u ra and sat i ra, in the old inscriptions CAP V TALIS and NOMIN V S LATINI, in the emperor Augustus's pronunciation of s i mus for s u mus, etc.; v. the letter I. For the affinity of u with o and with v, v. under those letters. U inserted in Alcumena, Alcumaeo, Æsculapius, Tecumessa, drachuma al.; v. Ritschl in Rhein. Mus. Neue Folge, 8, p. 475 sq.; 9, p. 480; and cf. the letters A and O.—As an abbreviation, V. (as the sign of the vowel u) stands for uti, so V. V. uti voverant; and especially for urbs (i. e. Roma); as, U. C. (urbis conditae), or A. U. C. (ab urbe conditā). For its meanings when used as a sign of the consonant V, v. under the letter V fin. -
26 u
U, u (orig. V, v, a modification of the Greek U, Marc. Vict. p. 2459 P.), the twentieth letter of the Latin alphabet ( i and j being counted as one), a vowel, which was early distinguished by the old grammarians from the consonant V, though represented by the same sign; v. the letter V. The long u corresponded in sound to the Greek ou, and to the German and Italian u (Engl. oo); the short u seems to have been an obscure sound resembling the German ü and the French u; hence ŭ sometimes represented the Greek u, as in fuga from phugê, cuminum from kuminon, etc.; and sometimes was exchanged with the Latin i, as in opt i mus and opt u mus, carn u fex and carn i fex, sat u ra and sat i ra, in the old inscriptions CAP V TALIS and NOMIN V S LATINI, in the emperor Augustus's pronunciation of s i mus for s u mus, etc.; v. the letter I. For the affinity of u with o and with v, v. under those letters. U inserted in Alcumena, Alcumaeo, Æsculapius, Tecumessa, drachuma al.; v. Ritschl in Rhein. Mus. Neue Folge, 8, p. 475 sq.; 9, p. 480; and cf. the letters A and O.—As an abbreviation, V. (as the sign of the vowel u) stands for uti, so V. V. uti voverant; and especially for urbs (i. e. Roma); as, U. C. (urbis conditae), or A. U. C. (ab urbe conditā). For its meanings when used as a sign of the consonant V, v. under the letter V fin. -
27 vicinia
I.Lit. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose;B.but cf. vicinitas): proximae viciniae habitat,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 27:hic proximae viciniae,
id. Mil. 2, 3, 2:mulier quaedam commigravit huc viciniae,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 43:hic viciniae,
id. Phorm. 1, 2, 45: inde in viciniā nostra Averni lacus, * Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:in viciniā urbis,
Col. 7, 3, 13:pharetratae vicinia Persidis,
Verg. G. 4, 290:mons elatus super nubila atque in viciniam lunaris circuli,
Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 7:mortis,
proximity, Petr. 93: mortem in viciniā videre, Sen. ap. Lact. 6, 17 fin. —Transf., concr., neighborhood, i. q. neighbors (freq. but not ante-Aug.; cf.II.vicinitas): libertina, non ignota viciniae,
Liv. 39, 12, 1:funus Egregie factum laudet vicinia,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 106; id. Ep. 1, 16, 44; 1, 17, 62; Ov. M. 2, 688; 4, 636; 8, 689; Pers. 4, 46; Vell. 1, 4; Vall. Max. 5, 7, 3; Suet. Calig. 55; App. M. 7, p. 190, 35; Juv. 14, 154.—With a plur. noun, Ov. F. 2, 657; 3, 189.—Trop., near likeness, resemblance, similarity, affinity (post-Aug.;a favorite trope of Quint.): aqua ad viciniam lactis accedens,
Plin. 31, 3, 22, § 37; 37, 9, 40, § 123 (al. ad vicina):est tamen quamquam diversarum rerum quaedam vicinia,
Quint. 8, 4, 12:quaedam vicinia virtutum vitiorumque,
id. 2, 12, 4:est huic tropo quaedam cum synecdoche vicinia,
id. 8, 6, 28; cf. id. 3, 8, 9; 9, 3, 65 sq. -
28 vicinitas
I.Lit.:B.vel virtus tua me vel vicinitas Facit, ut te audacter moneam, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 4:propter vicinitatem totos dies simul eramus,
Cic. Att. 5, 10, 5:scire hoc propter vicinitatem facile possum,
id. Planc. 8, 19; cf.:quorum et vicinitas propinqua et multitudo esset infinita,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 7.— Plur.:amicitiae, consuetudines, vicinitates, clientelae, ludi denique... quid haberent voluptatis, etc.,
Cic. Red. Quir. 1, 3; cf. B. 2. infra.—Transf., concr.1. 2.Neighborhood, i. q. neighbors (class.):II.si te libenter vicinitas videbit,
Cato, R. R. 4:signum, quod erat notum vicinitati,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 96; id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8:caritas serpit foras cognationibus primum, tum affinitatibus, deinde amicitiis, post vicinitatibus,
id. Fin. 5, 23, 65; id. Planc. 9, 22; id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 6, 34; Nep. Alcib. 10, 3; Sall. C. 36, 1; Suet. Aug. 6; Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 41.— Cf. plur.:conveniet autem cum in dando munificum esse, tum in exigendo non acerbum, in omnique re contrahendā... vicinitatibus et confiniis aequum,
Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64.—Trop., near likeness, resemblance, similarity, congeniality, affinity:est quaedam inter epichirema et syllogismum vicinitas,
Quint. 5, 10, 6:virtutibus ac vitiis,
id. 3, 7, 25:excusantur vitia vicinitate vitiorum,
id. 1, 5, 5:nominis (cyperi et cypiri),
Plin. 21, 18, 69, § 115.
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