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1 motion
['məuʃən] 1. n(movement, gesture) ruch m; ( proposal) wniosek m; ( BRIT) (also: bowel motion) ( act) wypróżnienie nt; ( faeces) stolec m2. vt, vito motion (to) sb to do sth — skinąć ( perf) na kogoś, żeby coś zrobił
to be in motion — vehicle być w ruchu
to set in motion — machine uruchamiać (uruchomić perf); process nadawać (nadać perf) bieg +dat
he went through the motions of clapping — udawał, że klaszcze
* * *['məuʃən] 1. noun1) (the act or state of moving: the motion of the planets; He lost the power of motion.) ruch2) (a single movement or gesture: He summoned the waiter with a motion of the hand.) ruch3) (a proposal put before a meeting: She was asked to speak against the motion in the debate.) wniosek2. verb(to make a movement or sign eg directing a person or telling him to do something: He motioned (to) her to come nearer.) skinąć- motion picture
- in motion -
2 approval
[ə'pruːvəl]n( approbation) aprobata f; ( permission) zgoda fto meet with sb's approval — spotykać się (spotkać się perf) z czyjąś aprobatą
* * *noun (the act or state of agreeing to or being pleased with (a person, thing etc): This proposal meets with my approval.) zgoda -
3 expansion
[ɪks'pænʃən]n(of business, economy etc) rozwój m, wzrost m; (of gas, metal) rozszerzanie się nt* * *[-ʃən]noun (the act or state of expanding: the expansion of metals.) rozszerzanie (się) -
4 hypocrisy
[hɪ'pɔkrɪsɪ]nhipokryzja f, obłuda f* * *[hi'pokrəsi](the act or state of pretending to be better than one is or to have feelings or beliefs which one does not actually have.) hipokryzja- hypocritical
- hypocritically -
5 recognition
[rɛkəg'nɪʃən]n(of person, place) rozpoznanie nt; (of fact, achievement) uznanie ntin recognition of — w uznaniu (dla) +gen
to gain recognition — zdobywać (zdobyć perf) (sobie) uznanie
to change beyond recognition — zmieniać się (zmienić się perf) nie do poznania
* * *[-'niʃən]noun (the act or state of recognizing or being recognized: They gave the boy a medal in recognition of his courage; I said hello to him but he showed no recognition.) uznanie, rozpoznanie -
6 government
['gʌvnmənt] 1. n 2. cpd* * *1) (the people who rule a country or state: the British Government.) rząd2) (the way in which a country or state is ruled: Democracy is one form of government.) ustrój3) (the act or process of governing.) rządzenie•- governor
- governorship -
7 secrecy
['siːkrəsɪ]n( state of being kept secret) tajemnica f; ( act of keeping sth secret) dyskrecja f* * *noun (the state of being or the act of keeping secret.) dyskrecja -
8 hold
[həuld] 1. pt, pp held, vt( in hand) trzymać; ( contain) mieścić (pomieścić perf); qualifications posiadać; power, permit, opinion mieć; meeting, conversation odbywać (odbyć perf); prisoner, hostage przetrzymywać (przetrzymać perf)to hold sb responsible/liable — obarczać (obarczyć perf) kogoś odpowiedzialnością
to get hold of ( fig) — object, information zdobywać (zdobyć perf) +acc; person łapać (złapać perf) +acc (inf)
to get hold of o.s. — brać (wziąć perf) się w garść
to hold firm/fast — trzymać się mocno
he holds the view that … — jest zdania, że …
I don't hold with … — nie popieram +gen
hold still, hold steady — nie ruszaj się
Phrasal Verbs:- hold off- hold on- hold out- hold up2. viglue etc trzymać (mocno); argument etc zachowywać (zachować perf) ważność, pozostawać w mocy; offer, invitation być aktualnym; luck, weather utrzymywać się (utrzymać się perf); ( TEL) czekać (zaczekać perf)3. n( grasp) chwyt m; (of ship, plane) ładownia f* * *I 1. [həuld] past tense, past participle - held; verb1) (to have in one's hand(s) or between one's hands: He was holding a knife; Hold that dish with both hands; He held the little boy's hand; He held the mouse by its tail.) trzymać2) (to have in a part, or between parts, of the body, or between parts of a tool etc: He held the pencil in his teeth; She was holding a pile of books in her arms; Hold the stamp with tweezers.) trzymać3) (to support or keep from moving, running away, falling etc: What holds that shelf up?; He held the door closed by leaning against it; Hold your hands above your head; Hold his arms so that he can't struggle.) trzymać, przytrzymywać4) (to remain in position, fixed etc when under strain: I've tied the two pieces of string together, but I'm not sure the knot will hold; Will the anchor hold in a storm?) wytrzymywać5) (to keep (a person) in some place or in one's power: The police are holding a man for questioning in connection with the murder; He was held captive.) zatrzymać6) (to (be able to) contain: This jug holds two pints; You can't hold water in a handkerchief; This drawer holds all my shirts.) (po)mieścić7) (to cause to take place: The meeting will be held next week; We'll hold the meeting in the hall.) odbywać8) (to keep (oneself), or to be, in a particular state or condition: We'll hold ourselves in readiness in case you send for us; She holds herself very erect.) trzymać się9) (to have or be in (a job etc): He held the position of company secretary for five years.) zajmować stanowisko10) (to think strongly; to believe; to consider or regard: I hold that this was the right decision; He holds me (to be) responsible for everyone's mistakes; He is held in great respect; He holds certain very odd beliefs.) uważać że, utrzymywać, mieć11) (to continue to be valid or apply: Our offer will hold until next week; These rules hold under all circumstances.) być aktualnym, obowiązywać12) ((with to) to force (a person) to do something he has promised to do: I intend to hold him to his promises.) zmusić do dotrzymania (obietnicy)13) (to defend: They held the castle against the enemy.) bronić14) (not to be beaten by: The general realized that the soldiers could not hold the enemy for long.) powstrzymać15) (to keep (a person's attention): If you can't hold your pupils' attention, you can't be a good teacher.) utrzymywać16) (to keep someone in a certain state: Don't hold us in suspense, what was the final decision?) przetrzymać17) (to celebrate: The festival is held on 24 June.) obchodzić18) (to be the owner of: He holds shares in this company.) posiadać19) ((of good weather) to continue: I hope the weather holds until after the school sports.) utrzymywać się20) ((also hold the line) (of a person who is making a telephone call) to wait: Mr Brown is busy at the moment - will you hold or would you like him to call you back?) czekać (przy telefonie)21) (to continue to sing: Please hold that note for four whole beats.) trzymać22) (to keep (something): They'll hold your luggage at the station until you collect it.) przechowywać23) ((of the future) to be going to produce: I wonder what the future holds for me?) gotować2. noun1) (the act of holding: He caught/got/laid/took hold of the rope and pulled; Keep hold of that rope.) chwyt2) (power; influence: He has a strange hold over that girl.) wpływ3) ((in wrestling etc) a manner of holding one's opponent: The wrestler invented a new hold.) chwyt•- - holder- hold-all
- get hold of
- hold back
- hold down
- hold forth
- hold good
- hold it
- hold off
- hold on
- hold out
- hold one's own
- hold one's tongue
- hold up
- hold-up
- hold with II [həuld] noun((in ships) the place, below the deck, where cargo is stored.) ładownia -
9 lead
I 1. [liːd] pt, pp led, n (SPORT)prowadzenie nt; ( fig) przywództwo nt; (piece of information, clue) trop m; (in play, film) główna rola f; ( for dog) smycz f; ( ELEC) przewód m2. vt(walk in front, guide) prowadzić (poprowadzić perf); organization, activity kierować (pokierować perf) +instr; ( BRIT)3. vito lead the orchestra — grać (zagrać perf) partię pierwszych skrzypiec (w orkiestrze)
to take the lead — obejmować (objąć perf) prowadzenie
to lead the way — prowadzić, wskazywać drogę
to lead sb astray — ( mislead) zwieść ( perf) kogoś; ( corrupt) sprowadzić ( perf) kogoś na manowce or złą drogę
to lead sb to believe that — dawać (dać perf) komuś powody sądzić, że …
to lead sb to do sth — sprawić ( perf), że ktoś coś zrobi
Phrasal Verbs:- lead off- lead on- lead toII 1. [lɛd] n 2. cpd* * *I 1. [li:d] past tense, past participle - led; verb1) (to guide or direct or cause to go in a certain direction: Follow my car and I'll lead you to the motorway; She took the child by the hand and led him across the road; He was leading the horse into the stable; The sound of hammering led us to the garage; You led us to believe that we would be paid!) prowadzić, wieść2) (to go or carry to a particular place or along a particular course: A small path leads through the woods.) prowadzić, wieść3) ((with to) to cause or bring about a certain situation or state of affairs: The heavy rain led to serious floods.) (do)prowadzić (do)4) (to be first (in): An official car led the procession; He is still leading in the competition.) prowadzić5) (to live (a certain kind of life): She leads a pleasant existence on a Greek island.) prowadzić, wieść2. noun1) (the front place or position: He has taken over the lead in the race.) prowadzenie, kierownictwo2) (the state of being first: We have a lead over the rest of the world in this kind of research.) przewaga3) (the act of leading: We all followed his lead.) przykład4) (the amount by which one is ahead of others: He has a lead of twenty metres (over the man in second place).) przewaga5) (a leather strap or chain for leading a dog etc: All dogs must be kept on a lead.) smycz, postronek6) (a piece of information which will help to solve a mystery etc: The police have several leads concerning the identity of the thief.) poszlaka7) (a leading part in a play etc: Who plays the lead in that film?) główna rola•- leader- leadership
- lead on
- lead up the garden path
- lead up to
- lead the way II [led] noun1) (( also adjective) (of) an element, a soft, heavy, bluish-grey metal: lead pipes; Are these pipes made of lead or copper?) ołów2) (the part of a pencil that leaves a mark: The lead of my pencil has broken.) grafit•- leaden -
10 poised
1) (staying in a state of balance and stillness: The car was poised on the edge of the cliff.) nieruchomy2) (having the body in a state of tension and readiness to act: The animal was poised ready to leap.) sprężony, gotowy -
11 repair
[rɪ'pɛə(r)] 1. nnaprawa f2. vtin good/bad repair — w dobrym/złym stanie
* * *[ri'peə] 1. verb1) (to mend; to make (something) that is damaged or has broken down work again; to restore to good condition: to repair a broken lock / torn jacket.) (z)reperować2) (to put right or make up for: Nothing can repair the harm done by your foolish remarks.) naprawiać2. noun1) ((often in plural) the act of repairing something damaged or broken down: I put my car into the garage for repairs; The bridge is under repair.) naprawa2) (a condition or state: The road is in bad repair; The house is in a good state of repair.) stan•- reparable
- reparation
- repairman -
12 representation
[rɛprɪzɛn'teɪʃən]n( state of being represented) reprezentacja f; (picture, statue) przedstawienie nt* * *1) (the act of representing or the state of being represented.) reprezentacja, wyraz2) (a person or thing that represents: These primitive statues are intended as representations of gods and goddesses.) wyobrażenie3) ((often in plural) a strong appeal, demand or protest.) apel, roszczenia, zażalenia -
13 discouragement
[dɪs'kʌrɪdʒmənt]nto act as a discouragement to sb — działać (podziałać perf) na kogoś zniechęcająco
* * *noun zniechęcenie -
14 retirement
[rɪ'taɪəmənt]n* * *1) (the act of retiring from work: It is not long till his retirement.) odejście na emeryturę2) (a person's life after retiring from work: He's enjoying his retirement.) życie na emeryturze, emerytura -
15 revival
[rɪ'vaɪvəl]n ( ECON)* * *1) (the act of reviving or state of being revived: the revival of the invalid / of our hopes.) odżycie2) ((a time of) new or increased interest in something: a religious revival.) przebudzenie, odrodzenie3) ((the act of producing) an old and almost forgotten play, show etc.) wznowienie -
16 assert oneself
(to state one's opinions confidently and act in a way that will make people take notice of one: You must assert yourself more if you want promotion.) pokazać na co kogoś stać -
17 civilisation
1) (the act of civilizing, or process or state of being civilized.) cywilizacja2) (a civilized people and their way of life: the ancient civilizations of Egypt and Greece.) cywilizacja -
18 civilization
[sɪvɪlaɪ'zeɪʃən]n* * *1) (the act of civilizing, or process or state of being civilized.) cywilizacja2) (a civilized people and their way of life: the ancient civilizations of Egypt and Greece.) cywilizacja -
19 death
[dɛθ]n ( BIO)* * *[deƟ]1) (the act of dying: There have been several deaths in the town recently; Most people fear death.) śmierć2) (something which causes one to die: Smoking too much was the death of him.) śmierć3) (the state of being dead: eyes closed in death.) śmierć•- deathly- death-bed
- death certificate
- at death's door
- catch one's death of cold
- catch one's death
- put to death
- to death -
20 decay
[dɪ'keɪ] 1. n(of organic matter, society, morals) rozkład m, rozpad m; ( of building) niszczenie nt; ( of tooth) próchnica f2. vibody rozkładać się (rozłożyć się perf); leaves, wood gnić (zgnić perf); teeth psuć się; ( fig) chylić się ku upadkowi* * *[di'kei] 1. verb(to (cause to) become rotten or ruined: Sugar makes your teeth decay.) gnić, psuć się2. noun(the act or process of decaying: tooth decay; in a state of decay.) gnicie, psucie się
См. также в других словарях:
act of state — See royal prerogative. Collins dictionary of law. W. J. Stewart. 2001 … Law dictionary
act of state — An act done by the sovereign power of a country, or by its delegate, within the limits of the power vested in him. An act of state cannot be questioned or made the subject of legal proceedings in a court of law. See act of state doctrine … Black's law dictionary
act of state — An act done by the sovereign power of a country, or by its delegate, within the limits of the power vested in him. An act of state cannot be questioned or made the subject of legal proceedings in a court of law. See act of state doctrine … Black's law dictionary
act of state doctrine — act of state doctrine: a court made doctrine barring U.S. courts from judging the validity of an official act of a foreign country committed within its own borders Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster. 1996 … Law dictionary
Act-of-State-Doctrine — [ ækt əv steɪt dɔktrɪn, englisch], Act … Universal-Lexikon
Act of State Doctrine — The Act of State Doctrine says that a nation is sovereign within its own borders, and its domestic actions may not be questioned in the courts of another nation. The doctrine is not required by international law (neither customary international… … Wikipedia
Act-of-State-Doktrin — Die Act of State Doktrin (englisch:Act of State doctrine) ist eine im angloamerikanischen Rechtskreis anerkannte Regel des Völkerrechts. Sie besagt, dass Rechtsakte fremder Staaten der gerichtlichen Kontrolle entzogen sind. Diese Doktrin ist… … Deutsch Wikipedia
act of state doctrine — The judicially created act of state doctrine precludes the courts of this country from inquiring into the validity of governmental acts of a recognized foreign sovereign committed within its own territory. Banco Nacional de Cuba v. Sabbatino, 376 … Black's law dictionary
act of state doctrine — The judicially created act of state doctrine precludes the courts of this country from inquiring into the validity of governmental acts of a recognized foreign sovereign committed within its own territory. Banco Nacional de Cuba v. Sabbatino, 376 … Black's law dictionary
Act of state doctrine — This doctrine says that a nation is sovereign within its own borders and its domestic actions may not be questioned in the courts of another nation. The New York Times Financial Glossary … Financial and business terms
act of state doctrine — This doctrine says that a nation is sovereign within its own borders, and its domestic actions may not be questioned in the courts of another nation. Bloomberg Financial Dictionary … Financial and business terms
