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  • 61 ónn

    * * *
    I)
    (gen. annar, pl. annir), f.
    1) work, business, trouble; harin var í mikilli önn, very busy; fá e-m önn, to give one trouble;
    2) pl. annir, working season, esp. the hay-making season (en þetta var of annir).
    f. for önd = anddyri (?).
    * * *
    m. = ofn (q. v.) according to pronunciation; óns-hús, n. a close stove, Bs. ii. 256.

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  • 62 PALLR

    (-s, -ar), m.
    1) step, = gráda;
    * * *
    m. [the etymology of this word, as also the time when and place whence it was borrowed, is uncertain; the true Norse word is bekkr or flet; pallr may be of Norman origin, although it is frequently used in the Sagas referring to the Saga time (10th century); even the benches in the legislative assembly on the alþing were called pallar, not bekkir; but this cannot have been so originally. The word itself is, like páll, probably from Lat. palus, pala = stipes, Du Cange; Engl. pale, palings; in the Icel. it is used of high steps (Lat. gradus), esp. of any high floor or daïs in old dwellings, sometimes = flet (q. v.) or = lopt (q. v.), and lastly of the benches in the hall = bekkr (q. v.) The adoption of the word was probably connected with the change in the floor and seats of the halls, as mentioned in Fagrsk. ch. 219, 220, which arrangement of benches was adopted from Norman England, and is in fact still seen in English college-halls, with the raised high floor at the upper end. In Icel. the ladies were then seated on this daïs (há-pallr, þver-pallr), instead of being placed, according to the older custom, on the left hand along the side walls, see below, II. 2. As the Sagas were written after this had taken place, so the use of the word, e. g. in the Njála (ch. 34 and often), may be an anachronism.]
    B. A step = Lat. gradus; þessi steinn var útan sem klappaðr væri gráðum eða pöllum, Fms. i. 137; vindur upp at ganga, nítján pallar á bergit, Symb. 56; stíga pall af palli, from step to step, Hom. 140. palla-söngr and palla-sálmi, m. = the ‘graduale,’ chant, or responsorium ‘in gradibus’ in the Roman Catholic service, from its being chanted at the steps of the altar; sá söngr heitir pallasöngr þviat hann er fyrir pöllum sunginn, 625. 188, Hom. (St.), Mar.: metaph. degree, enn tólpti pallr ósóma, 677. 1: þrjátigi palla djúpr, Bév. palls-bók, f. ‘graduale,’ the service-book for the high mass, Játv. ch. 10.
    II. a daïs with its set of benches; þar skulu pallar þrír vera ( three sets of benches) umhverfis lögréttuna, Grág. i. 4; pallinn þann inn úæðra, Eg. 303; Flosi gékk inn í stofuna ok settisk niðr, ok kastaði í pallinn ( he threw on the floor) undan sér há-sætinu, Nj. 175; konungr leit yfir lýðinn umhverfis sik á pallana, Fms. vii. 156; hann lá í pallinum, 325; konungr sat í pallinum hjá honum, xi. 366; gékk Þrándr í stofu, en þeir lágu í pallinum, Sigurðr ok Þórðr ok Gautr, Fær. 195.
    2. the raised floor or daïs at the upper end of the hall, where the ladies were seated (= þver-pallr, há-p.), konur skipuðu pall, Nj. 11; konur sátu á palli, Ísl. ii. 250; hljópu þeir inn ok til stofu, ok sat Katla á palli ok spann, Eb. 94; hón fal sik í pallinum, she hid herself in the pallr, Landn. 121; var þar hlemmr undir ok holr innan pallrinn, … þá bað Geirríð brjóta upp pallinn, var Oddr þar fundinn, Eb. 96:—mið-pallr, the middle bench; krók-pallr, the corner bench, Skíða R. (where the beggar littered himself).
    3. in mod. usage the sitting-room is called pallr, from being elevated a yard or two above the level ground; í hlýindin þar hjónin búa á palli. Snót: hence pall-skör, f. the ridge of the pallr: palls-horn, n. the corner of the pallr, Nj. 220, Sturl. iii. 141.

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  • 63 Páska-aldar-tal

    n. computation according to the Paschal cycle, Rb. 368, 418.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > Páska-aldar-tal

  • 64 reglu-ligr

    adj. (-liga, adv.), according to rule, H. E. i. 492: belonging to convent life, regularis, Mar.

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  • 65 rétt

    I)
    f.
    1) public fold (þat var um haustit, er sauðir vóru í rétt reknir);
    2) esp. pl. the general sheep-gathering in autumn (þann dag skulu vera réttir í Þórarinsdal).
    adv.
    1) just, exactly, precisely;
    2) straight (þeir stefndu r. á þá);
    3) rightly, correctly (lýsa e-u r.).
    * * *
    f. (réttr, m., Bs. i. 415; cp. lögréttu, afréttu, acc. pl.):— a public fold in Icel. into which the flocks are driven in the autumn from the common mountain pastures and distributed to the owners according to the marks on the ears; the word is no doubt derived from rétta, réttr, to adjust. Germ. richten; for the sheep pen is a kind of ‘court of adjustment;’ and every district has its own ‘rétt’ at a fixed place near the mountain pastures. This meeting takes place at the middle or end of September all over the country, and this season is called Réttir. For descriptions see the Laws and the Sagas, Grág. (Kb.) ch. 13, 14. Landbr. þ. (Sb.) ch. 36–44, Eb. ch. 25, Sd. ch. 15, 17, Bjarn. 59 sqq., Gullþ. ch. 14, 16, Bs. i. 415, cp. Glúm. ch. 17, Fms. vii. 218; and for mod. description see Pilar og Stúlka (1867) 15–22. The assemblage at the rétt is a kind of county fair with athletic and other sports; eigi skolu Réttir fyrr vera en fjórar vikur lifa sumars, Grág. ii. 309; Réttir byrja, Icel. Almanack (Sept. 8, 1871); lög-rétt, Sd. 149; af-rétt or af-réttr, q. v.; réttar-garðr. Gullþ. 63, Sd. 149, Eb. 106; rétta-menn, the men assembled at a rétt, Sd. 156, Bjarn. 64 (Ed. friðmenn erroneous); rétta-víg, a fight at a rétt, Ann. 1162; þau misseri börðusk þeir at réttinum (thus masc.) suðr í Flóa, Bs. i. 415.

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  • 66 REYNA

    * * *
    (-da, -dr), v.
    1) to try, prove (lengi skal manninn r.); hann lét Gunnar r. ymsar íþróttir við menn sína, he let G. essay divers feats against his men; ef við Þorsteinn skulum r. með okkr, if Thorstein and I shall make trial of each other; r. eptir e-u, to search, pry, inquire into (hann reyndi eptir mörgum hlutum); r. til, to make trial (Bróðir reyndi til með forneskju, hversu ganga mundi orrostan);
    2) to experience (reynt hefi ek brattara); hefi ek þik reynt at góðum drengi, I have proved (found) thee to be a good fellow; r. e-t af e-m, to meet with (hann hafði reynt af Böðvari vináttu mikla);
    3) refl., reynast, to turn out, prove to be (reyndist Gunnlaugr hinn hraustasti); þat mun þó síðar r., but this will be put to the proof by and by; also with dat., ef mér reynist Þórólfr jamnvel mannaðr, if I find Thorolf as well accomplished.
    * * *
    d, [raun; Norse röyna; for the etymology see rún]:—to try; hann lét Gunnar reyna ýmsar íþróttir við sína menn, Nj. 46: segir sik vera búinn at þeir reyni þat, Fms. i. 59; menn eru við beygarð þinn, ok reyna desjarnar, Boll. 348; ef þat þarf at reyna inn skipti vár sona Eireks, Eg. 524:—with the notion of ‘trial,’ danger, spurði hvar hann hefði þess verit at hann hefði mest reynt sik, Eg. 687; ef vit skulum reyna með okkr, 715:—to experience, Hm. 95, 101; sannyndum ok einurð, er hann mun reyna at mér, Eg. 63; þykkir mér undarligt ef konungr ætlar mik nú annan mann en þá reyndi hann mik, 65: the saying, sá veit görst er reynir.
    2. to examine; reynit (rønit) ef ér elskið Guð sannliga, Greg. 18: to explore, fjöld ek reynda regin, Vþm.: as a law term, to challenge, síðan skolu þeir reyna dóminn, Grág. i. 165; reyna sekð í dómi, 488.
    3. reyna eptir, to search, pry, enquire into; hann hét þó at fara sjálfr ok reyna eptir honum, Nj. 131, v. l.: esp of a person endowed with second sight or power of working charms, Þorkell spakr bjó í Njarðvík, hann reyndi eptir mörgum hlutum, Dropl. 34; engan bíðr minn líka í fræði ok framsýni, at reyna eptir því sem stolit er, Stj. 218:—reyna til, id.; Bróðir reyndi til með forneskju hversu ganga mundi orrostan, Nj. 273 (eptir-reyning).
    II. reflex. to be proved or shewn, turn out by experience; þat mun síðar reynask, Nj. 18; e-m reynisk e-t, it proves; ef mér reynisk Þórólfr jamnvel mannadr, Eg. 28; þá skal svá fara um arfekjur sem þat reynisk, according to the evidence, Grág. i. 219; ok er þegar rétt at stefna um, er reynisk för úmaga, 258; hann deildi við Karla um oxa, ok reyndisk svá, at Karli átti, Landn. 165; hann bar fé undir höfðingja sem síðan reyndisk. Fms. x. 397:—part. reyndr, nú em ek at nokkuru reyndr, put on my trial, Nj. 46: tried, afflicted: experienced.

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  • 67 RÖST

    I)
    (gen. rastar, pl. rastir), f. a strong current in the sea, race.
    (gen. rastar, pl. rastir), f. a distance of four or five miles.
    * * *
    1.
    f., gen. rastar, pl. rastir, qs. vröst (?); [cp. reistr, rist; Engl. race; Norm. Fr. raz]:—a current, stream in the sea, such as the Pentland Firth; nú ef maðr hittir hval á röstum út, Gþl. 464; sigldu þeir í röst norðr fyrir Straumneskinum, … féll um sjórinn ok því næst vellti … hann lagðisk út í röstina, Fms. ix. 320; ok er þeir sigldu yfir Petlands-fjörð, var uppi röst mikil í firðinum, x. 145; vestr í röstum, Orkn. 154 (in a verse): in local names, Látra-röst in western Iceland. rasta-fullr, adj. full of currents, Sks. 223.
    2.
    f., gen. rastar, pl. rastir, [different from the preceding; Ulf. rasta = μίλιον, Matth. v. 41; A. S. and Engl. rest; O. H. G. rasta; Germ. rast]:—prop. rest, but used only in the metaph. sense of a mile, i. e. the distance between two ‘resting-places,’ or ‘baiting’ points: distances on land were counted by rasts, on sea by vika, which seem to have been of equal length, thus in the old Swed. law, rost at landi, vika at vatni, Schlyter. The ancient Scandinavian rast seems to have answered to the modern geographical mile, which agrees with the Latin mille only in name, its actual distance being that of the rast, not the Roman mille passus. The distances were not measured, but roughly guessed, and varied (like the Swiss stunde) according to the nature of the ground traversed, the rasts through mountains or deserts being shorter than those in an inhabited district; hence such phrases as, þat eru langar tvær rastir, it is two long rasts, Fms. ix. 393; þeir sóttu svá hart þessa eyðimörk, at skammar vóru þá þrettán rastir eptir, thirteen short rasts, viii. 33: the following instances may serve, in Norway the distance from Oslo (the present Christiania) to Eidsvold was counted at eight ‘rasts,’ ix. 376; by Captain Gerhard Munthe’s military map of Norway of A. D. 1827, the distance from Christiania to Eidsvold is about eight geographical miles; þeir fórusk svá nær at eigi var lengra til en röst, 371; þeir ríða síðan útta rastir … þrjár vikur eptir vötnum, 376; riðu þeir nökkura hálfa röst, 523; þat var eina nótt, at eigi var lengra milli náttstaða þeirra en röst, viii. 63; rastar langr, ix. 394, 402; rastar-djúpr, Hým.: of the old forests, Eiða-skógr er tólf rasta langr, Fms. ix. 354; skógr tólf rasta langr, … þann skóg er áttján rasta var yfir, viii. 30, 31; sá skógr er Tvíviðr heitir, hann er tólf rasta breiðr, Rb. 332; fjögurra rasta ok tuttugu, Gullþ. 52:—six ‘rasts’ done afoot in one night is recorded as something extraordinary, Ólafi kom njósnin um kveldit, en þeir gengu um nóttina sex rastir ok þótti mönnum þat furðu-mikit farit, þeir kómu á Ryðjökul um óttu-söng, Fms. vii. 317; átta röstum, Þkv.: an immense distance is given at ‘a hundred rasts,’ hundrað rasta á hverjan veg, Vþm. (Edda 41); hundrað rasta heyrði smell, Skíða R. 150: heim-röst, a homestead; út-röst, the outskirt.

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  • 68 sannr

    I)
    (sónn, satt), a.
    1) true (sónn saga); hón sagði þór satt frá Geirróði, she told Thor the truth about G.; nú skal ek segja þér it sanna, now I will tell thee the truth; hafa e-t fyrir satt, to be sure (convinced) of; hafa sannara, to be in the right (skal konungr um segja, hvárir sannara hafi); gøra e-t satt, to make good, prove (hvern veg gørir þú þat satt); s. sem dagr, true as day, clear as noonday (= dagsannr); sönnu sagðr, justly charged; með sönnu, at sönnu, in truth, truly; til sanns, certainly, for certain (vita e-t til sanns);
    2) meet, proper (væri þat sannara, at þú værir drepinn);
    3) s. at e-u, convicted of, (proved) guilty of (s. at sökinni).
    m.
    1) truth (vita sann á e-u); fœra e-m heim sanninn, to tell one the bitter truth;
    2) fairness; e-t er nær sanni, is fair or reasonable; ástir þeirra vóru at góðum sanni, they loved each other fittingly;
    3) estimation; bœtta e-t við góðra manna sann, according to the estimate of good men.
    * * *
    m. (saðr, Am. 6). justice, equity, as also evidence, proof; kenn mér engan sann, do not teach me any lessons, Fms. iii. 85; færa e-m heim sanninn, to tell one the bitter truth or the real state of things, Lv. 20; e-t er nær sanni, near the truth, fair, reasonable, moderate, Fb. iii. 451, Fms. vii. 238 (x. 420); ástir þeirra vóru at góðum sanni, they loved one another fairly, Bjarn. 12; vil ek bæta þat með sann ( estimation) góðra manna, Sturl. iii. 139, Fbr. 43 new Ed.; skulu þeir göra þér sæmðir við várn sann, as we may deem fair, Sturl. iii. 151; Þorgils skyldi sæma Halldór nokkuru eptir því sem sannr hans (i. e. Th.’s) væri til, 168; eigi vitu vér sann á því, we know not the truth thereof, have no proof of it, Fms. vii. 275; mjök þykki mér hann bera sinn sann á þetta, Fs. 46; hón kvaðsk hafa sinn sann við (for sitt satt), 170.

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  • 69 SANNR

    I)
    (sónn, satt), a.
    1) true (sónn saga); hón sagði þór satt frá Geirróði, she told Thor the truth about G.; nú skal ek segja þér it sanna, now I will tell thee the truth; hafa e-t fyrir satt, to be sure (convinced) of; hafa sannara, to be in the right (skal konungr um segja, hvárir sannara hafi); gøra e-t satt, to make good, prove (hvern veg gørir þú þat satt); s. sem dagr, true as day, clear as noonday (= dagsannr); sönnu sagðr, justly charged; með sönnu, at sönnu, in truth, truly; til sanns, certainly, for certain (vita e-t til sanns);
    2) meet, proper (væri þat sannara, at þú værir drepinn);
    3) s. at e-u, convicted of, (proved) guilty of (s. at sökinni).
    m.
    1) truth (vita sann á e-u); fœra e-m heim sanninn, to tell one the bitter truth;
    2) fairness; e-t er nær sanni, is fair or reasonable; ástir þeirra vóru at góðum sanni, they loved each other fittingly;
    3) estimation; bœtta e-t við góðra manna sann, according to the estimate of good men.
    * * *
    adj., fem. sönn, neut. satt for sannt, Dan. sandt; an older form saðr, as also saðrar, saðri, see introduction to letter N; cp. sannari, sannastr: with suffix satt-na, Bs. i. 469, v. l.: [Goth. sunis is assumed from Ulf. sunjeins = ἀληθής, sunja = ἀλήθεια; A. S. and Hel. sôð; Engl.sooth; O. H. G. sunnis; old Frank, sone; cp. Germ. ver-söhnen, all with a radical u sound, whereas Swed.-Dan. sann, sand; Lat. -sons, -sontis, is the same word; the old Norse law term, sannr at sök, or ú-sannr, eigi sannr at sök, exactly answers to the Lat. law term ‘in-sons’; thus Lat. injuriae insons is literally rendered in Icel. by ‘ú-sannr at sök.’]:—sooth, true; allit., vitni salt ok sært, D. N. ii. 140; sönn saga, Ld. 52; sönn sök, Hm. 119; sannar jarteinir, Eg. 476; segja satt, to say sooth, Vþm. 43, Ld. 194, Eb. 47 new Ed.; hafa e-t fyrir satt, to believe to be true, be convinced of, Nj. 10; eigi er þat satt, Fs. 97; þat er satt, ‘tis true, Bs. i. 469; hverir sannara hafa, Fas. i. 317, N. G. L. i. 40; hann kveðsk sagt hafa sem hann vissi sannast, Ld. 194; it sannasta, Vþm. 42; mála sannast, Ísl. ii. 125:—at sönnu. forsooth, Sks. 491 B, MS. 655 xiii. A. 2, 633. 31: in mod. used as Germ. zwar (‘tis true enough …, but); með sönnu, Ld. 76; til sanns. forsooth, Fms. vi. 41, 128, Gþl. 315, Eg. 458, 568; vera, verða sannr at e-n, to be convicted of, be guilty of; þeir báru Gunnar sannan at sökinni, Nj. 87, Eb. 22 new Ed.; þeir er sannir urðu at á verkum við Sigurð konung, Fms. vii. 248; er áðr hefir kuðr ok saðr orðinn at þjófskap, Grág. ii. 189, Fs. 97, 159; er hann sönnu sagðr, is he justly charged? Bret. 12; þá þykkir þú bleyði borinn eða sönnu sagðr, Sdm. 25.
    2. sincere; með sönnu hugskoti, Mar.: due, meet, væri þat sannara at þú værir drepinn, Gísl. 50.

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  • 70 SKEIKA

    (að), v. to go askew, swerve, go wrong (þar skeikaði mjök stjórnin); (láta) skeika at sköpuðu, to (let things) go according to fate.
    * * *
    að, [Dan. skeje; Swed. skeka], to go askew, swerve, deviate; hann stýrði svá at landi at aldri skeikaði, Bs. i. 326; þar skeikaði mjök stjórnin, 726: the phrase, láta skeika at sköpuðu (see skapa), Fms. ii. 112, Eg. 90, Ó. H. 146, Gg. 4: with prep., skeika af, to swerve from; af trúnni svá aldri skeiki, a hymn.

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  • 71 SNEMMA

    * * *
    older form snimma, adv.
    1) quickly, soon (hann var snemma mikill ok sterkr);
    2) early (ganga snemma at sofa); snemma um morgininn, early in the morning; with gen., snemma dags, morgins, early in the day, morning; snemma orrostunnar, in the beginning of the battle.
    * * *
    adv., older form snimma; the Cod. Reg. of Sæm. spells it with e and a double m, see the references below (from Bugge); fimm sn emma, Jd. 5 (skothending, according to the metre of that poem); but fimm hundraða snimma (aðalhending), Kormak; fimr snimma, Ht. R. 29; the compar. snemr (snimr) and superl. snemst are obsolete: [A. S. sneome]:— early = árla, q. v.
    1. gener. of time; borinn snemma, Vsp. 32; hve ér yðr s. til saka réðut, Skv. 3. 34; sáttir þínar er ek vil snemma hafa, Alm. 6; veðr mun þar vaxa verða ótt snemma, Am. 17; þat erumk sennt at s., sonr Aldaföður vildi freista …, Bragi; sá sveinn var snemma mikill ok fríðr sýnum, Fms. i. 14; görðisk þegar iþróttamaðr snemma, Hkr. i. 72; snemma fullkominn at afli, Eg. 146; s. mikill ok sterkr, Fs. 86; systir fann þeirra snemst, she was the first who saw them, Akv. 15; snemr enn þú hyggir, sooner than thou thinkest, Skv. 3. 54; hón var snemr ( ere) numin lífi. Edda (in a verse); hvé snemst ( how soonest) vér fám snekkjur búnar, Fas. i. 268 (in a verse); urðu snemst barðir, Bragi; þeirrar mildi ok góðvilja er hann téði oss nú enn snimst ( lately) er hann var í Níðarósi, D. N. ii. 87.
    2. of the day, early; snemma kallaði seggr annan, Vkv. 23; ganga snemma at sofa, Hm. 19; mikilsti snemma, 66; síð eða snemma, Þiðr. 57; síð ok snemma, Fms. x. 277; í nótt eða snemma á myrgin, viii. 397, v. l.; snemma um morguninn, Nj. 23; þriðja dag snimma, Ld. 266; Álfr konungr gékk opt snimma sofa, Hkr. i. 28.
    3. with gen., snimma orrostunnar, Fms. viii. 388; einn aptan snimma Jólanna, vii. 268; þat var ok snemma orrostu er Óláfr konungr féll, x. 399; snemma dags, Am. 67.

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  • 72 STEF

    * * *
    (gen. pl. stefja), n.
    1) term, time fixed; viku s., a week’s notice;
    2) refrain (in the central portion of a drápa).
    * * *
    n. (root stafi), gen. pl. stefja, dat. stefjum, a summons, term, time fixed, (= stefna); viku-stef, a week’s notice, Eg. 274; var kveðit á viku stef, 394; þriggja nátta stef, a summons with three days’ notice, Grág. i. 385; bardaga stef, Al. 54.
    II. a stave in a lay, burden, refrain; hann orti Hafgerðinga-drápu, þat er þetta stef í,—‘Minar bið ek,’ etc., Landn. 106; kvæðit, ok er þetta stefit í, Ísl. ii. 222; Þórarinn orti þá stef, ok setti í kvæðit, … ok er þetta stefit, Ó. H. 180, Eb. i. 210. In the old poems, called drapa, the middle part had a burden; this part was called ‘stef’ or stefja-bálkr, m. the ‘stave-balk,’ stave-section, Ó. H. 180; and consisted of several equal sets of verses, called stefja-mel or stefja-mál, n. stave-measure; the number of stanzas to each ‘stave-set’ varies in different poems (3, 4, 5, 7); the number of the sets also varies according to the length of the poem, e. g. if the stave-section were of twenty-one stanzas it would fall into seven ‘sets’ (3 x 7); if of twenty, into five (4 x 5); er rétt at setja kvæðit með svá mörgum stefjamelum sem vill, Edda (Ht.) i. 686; hef ek þar lokit stefjum, here the staves end; hefja upp stef, and so on, see the remarks s. v. slæmr. The stave or burden usually stands at the end of each ‘set;’ the burden might even be distributed among the stanzas of the stefjamel, as may be seen in the Togdrápa on king Canute in Ó. H., or in the poem Rek-stefja or Banda-dápa (Hkr. i. and Scripta Hist. Island, iii.)

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > STEF

  • 73 STOKKR

    (-s, -ar),
    1) stock, trunk, block, log of wood (skutu þeir stokki í hryginn svá at í sundr tók); fœra fórnir stokkum eða steinum, to offer to stocks or stones;
    2) the wall of a log-house; innan stokks, fyrir innan stokk, inside the house, in-doors (Hrútr fekk henni öll ráð í hendr fyrir innan stokk); útan stokks, fyrir útan stokk, outside the house, out-of-doors;
    3) = setstokkr; drekka e-n af stokki, to drink one under the table; stíga á stokk ok strengja heit, to place one’s foot on the stock (setstokkr) and make avow;
    4) board along the front of a bed (Egill gekk til rekkjunnar Armóðs ok hnykkti honum á stokk fram);
    6) stock of an anvil (klauf Sigurðr steðja Regins ofan í stokkinn með sverðinu);
    9) a pair of stocks for culprits; setja e-n í stokk, to set one in the stocks;
    10) a piece of wood put on the horns of cattle (var stokkrinn af hornum graðungsins);
    11) trunk, chest, case.
    * * *
    m. [A. S. stoc; Engl. and Germ. stock; Dan. stok, etc.]:—a stock, trunk, block, log of wood; þar höföu stokkar stórir verit fluttir heim, ok svá eldar görvir sem þar er siðvenja til, at eldinn skal leggja í stokks-endann, ok brennr svá stokkrinn, Egill greip upp stokkinn, Eg. 238; sá eldr sem lagðr er í eiki-stokkinn, Bs. i. 223; hann settisk á einn stokk er stóð fyrir honum, Finnb. 222; þeir görðu brúar stórar yfir díkit ok görðu stokka undir, Fms. xi. 34; skyrker stóð á stokkum í búrinu, Sturl. iii. 192; hann lét hola innan stokk einn, Mar.; skutu þeir stokki á hrygginn, Fms. vii. 227: allit., stokka eðr steina, stocks or stones, ii. 265, vii. 227, x. 274, Grág. ii. 132, 360 (of idols).
    II. spec. usages, stocks on which ships are built (bakka-stokkar); skipit hljóp af stokkunum fram á ána, she slipped from off the stocks into the river, Fms. viii. 196:—the mast-step, tók tréit at falla fram eptir stokkinum, ix. 386:— the gunwale of a ship (borð-stokkr), Fas. ii. 38:— the plates or beams laid horizontally on a wall, hence the mod. Norse stokka-búr, Gísl. 88; hence the phrases, ‘innan stokks’ or ‘fyrir innan stokk,’ in-doors, opp. to ‘útan-stokks,’ ‘fyrir útan stokk,’ out-of-doors; according to an Icel. phrase, the wife rules ‘innan-stokks,’ the husband ‘útan-stokks,’ Nj. 11, Ísl. ii. 401, Grág. i. 333, Rd. 176; innan stokks eðr innan garðs, Gþl. 136: = gafl-stokkr, Eg. 91: = set-stokkr (q. v.), Nj. 202, Gísl. 72, Grág. ii. 119; hann gékk síðan inn í eldahús ok steig síðan á stokk upp ok skaut exinni upp á hurð-ása, 182; Hörðr stóð við stokk, ok gékk nú hit fyrsta sinni frá stokkinum ok til móður sinnar, Ísl. ii. 15, cp. Flóam. S. ch. 4 (the local name Stokks-eyrr): cp. also the phrase, strálaust er fyrir stokkum, no straw before the benches. Fas. ii. 38:— a bed-side (rúm-stokkr), hvíla við stokk eðr þili, Sturl. i. 207; á stokk fram, Ld. 214, Eg. 560; sitja fram á stokk, 396:—the stock of an anvil, Edda 74: the stock of an anchor, see stokklauss:— a pair of stocks for culprits, setja e-n í stokk, to set one in the stocks, Bs. i. 910; liggja í stokki við vatn ok brauð, Rétt. 6l; fella stokk á fætr e-m, … sitja í stokkinum, Fas. i. 125: also of a piece of wood put on the horns of cattle, Eb. 324: the single square pieces of a silver belt are called stokkr, whence stokka-belti = a belt composed of several pieces clasped together, as worn by ladies in Icel.
    2. a trunk, chest, case, Pm. 103, Ld. 326, Sd. 191; sívalr stokkr af tágum ok sefi, Stj. 251: freq. in mod. usage of small cases in which women keep their things (often carved), þráðar-s., prjóna-stokkr.
    3. the narrow bed of a river between two rocks is called stokkr, or áin rennr í stokk, Hbl. 56, freq. in mod. usage.
    4. phrases, drekka e-n af stokki, to keep drinking with one till he drops, Ó. H. 71; sitja e-n af stokki, to sit one out, till he leaves; stinga af stokki við e-n (mod. stinga e-n af stokki), to prick one out of one’s seat, Nj. 166; stíga á stokk ok strengja heit, to place one’s foot on the stock (the set-stokkr) in making a vow, a heathen rite, Fas. ii. 293.
    5. a pack of cards.
    COMPDS: stokkabelti, stokkabúr, stokkaker.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > STOKKR

  • 74 STUND

    I)
    (pl. -ir), f.
    1) a certain length of time, a while;
    er á leið stundina, in the course of time, after a while;
    þat var s. ein, it was but a short time;
    er stundir líða (fram), as time goes on;
    dvelja af stundir, to kill the time;
    lítil er líðandi stund, brief is the fleeting hour;
    2) adverbial phrases;
    af stundu, ere long, soon;
    af annarri stundu, ‘the next while’, ere long;
    á lítilli stundu, in a little while;
    fyrir stundu, a while ago;
    langri stundu fyrr, a long while before;
    um s., for a while;
    litla (skamma) s., for a short while;
    allar stundir, always;
    alla s., all the time;
    s. af s., s. frá s., little by little, by degrees;
    stundum (dat.), at times, sometimes
    3) little distance, a little way, a bit (hann stóð s. frá dyrunum);
    4) hour;
    tvær stundir dags, two hours;
    5) pains, exertion;
    leggja s. á e-t, to take pains about a thing.
    n. dust (gneri hann of andlit honum moldar stundinu).
    * * *
    f., dat. stundu, pl. stundir, with neg. suff. stund-gi, q. v.; [A. S. stund; Old Engl. stound; Dan. stund; Germ. stunde]:—a certain length of time, a while, hour, of a longer or shorter time according to the context, mostly of a short time; en er at þeirri stundu kom at hón mundi barn ala, Fms. i. 14; var stund til dags, it was a while before daybreak, Ld. 44; stund var í milli ( a good while) er þeir sá framstafninn ok inn eptri kom fram, Fms. ii. 304; langa stund eðr skamma, for a long while or a short, Grág. i. 155; langri stundu fyrr, long ere, Fms. ix. 450; litla stund, a little while, for a short time, MS. 623. 32, Bs. i. 42, Eg. 160; jafnlanga stund sem áðr var tínt, Grág. i. 406; er á stundina líðr, er á leið stundina, in the course of time, after a while, Fms. x. 392, 404; jarl mælti er stund leið, after a while, Fær. 93; þat var allt á einni stundu, er … ok, that was all at the same moment, Bs. i. 339; var ok stundin eigi löng, it was but a short time, Fms. iv. 361; þat var stund ein, but a short time, 623. 32; allar stundir, always, Fms, i. 219, xi. 76; nú líða stundir, the the time passes on, Fær. 23; er stundir líða, as time goes on, in course of time, Nj. 54; vera þar þeim stundum sem hann vildi, whenever he liked, Ísl. ii. 205; stundu eptir Jól, a while after Yule, Fms. ix. 33; stundu síðarr enn Skalla-Grímr hafði út komit, Eg. 137;. alla stund, the whole time, all the time, Fær. 123; á þeirri stundu, er …, during the time, that…, in the meantime. Fms. xi. 360, K. Þ. K. 33 new Ed.; á þessi stundu, Eg. 424; fyrir stundar sakir, in respect of time, Gþl. 31; but um stundar sakir, but for a while; dvelja af stundir, to kill the time, Band. 23 new Ed.; hann gáði eigi stundanna, Fms. v. 195: savings, opt verðr lítil stand at seinum, Líkn.; lítil er líðandi stund, brief is the fleeting hour, Hkr. i. 154; hvat bíðr sinnar stundar, Grett. 168 new Ed.: allit., staðr ok stund, place and time.
    2. adverbial phrases; af stundu, ere long, soon, Íb. 12; fundusk þeir af stundu, Sighvat; munu þeir margir hans úvinir af stundu, er …, Ld. 146, Fms. vii. 159, xi. 357; af annarri stundu, ‘the next while,’ ere long, Band. 27 new Ed.; fyrir stundu, a while ago, Ölk.; um stund, for a while, Fb. i. 170, Ísl. ii. 260; nú um stund, now for a while, Grág. i. 317: stundum (dat.), [cp. A. S. stundum], at times, sometimes, Ld. 256, Fms. i. 14; optliga allar saman en stundum ( but now and then) sér hverir, 52; stundum … stundum, sometimes … sometimes, Sks. 96; gaus upp eldrinn stundum en stundum sloknaði, alternately, Nj. 204.
    3. in a local sense, a certain little distance, a little way, a bit; hann stóð stund frá dyrunum, Bs. i. 660; hann hafði tjaldat upp frá stund þá; stund þá, a bit, Fms. xi. 85; jarðhús-munna er stund þá var brott frá bænum, Fær. 169; þar í brekkunni stund frá þeim, Rd. 316; stund er til stokksins önnur til steinsins, Hbl., cp. Germ. stunde.
    4. gen. stundar, stundar hríð, a good while, Hkr. i. 150: very, quite, with an adjective, stundar fast, Grett. 84 new Ed.; stundar-hart, Fms. iv. 153; stundar hátt, vi. 303, Eg. 408; stundar mikill, Þorf. Karl. 426; öx stundar mikil, Fbr. 12; stundar heilráðr, Eb. 54.
    II. an hour, adding ‘dags’ (cp. Lat. hora diei); í dægri era stundir tólf, Rb. 6; önnur, þriðja stund dags, Mar., Fms. iii. 57; eina stund dags, 623. 29; tvær stundir dags, two hours, Fms. x. 218; of þrjár stundir dags, 623. 14.
    III. metaph. care, pains, exertion; leggja stund á e-t, to take pains, Ísl. ii. 341; leggja hér mikla stund á, to make great exertion, Boll. 354; leggja mesta stund á, Nj. 31; leggja minni (litla, önga) stund á, Ísl. ii. 347.
    COMPDS: stundarél, stundarhríð, stundaklukka, stundarstefna, stundatal, stundarvegr, stundarþögn.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > STUND

  • 75 SVARA

    * * *
    (að), v.
    1) to reply, answer, absol. or with double dat., s. e-m e-u (því mun ek s. þér um þetta, er satt er);
    3) s. fyrir e-n or e-t, to answer (be answerable, responsible) for (ek skal þar fyrir s.); s. skilum fyrir, to render account for.
    * * *
    að, [A. S. and-swarian; Engl. an-swer], to reply, answer, absol. or with double dat. (s. e-m e-u), ef maðr svarar eigi, Grág. i. 21; svara engu orði, Fb. ii. 63; Hrútr svaraði þá—‘ærit fögr er mær sjá,’ Nj. 2; því (dat.) mun ek svara þér um þetta er satt er, 49; hón svarar svá, at hón vill …, Fms. i. 2; svara e-u fyrir sik, to make answer in defence, 656 C. 29.
    II. as a law phrase, to answer, respond; svara til laga þeim jörðum sem keypt hefir, Dipl. iv. 9; s. lögriptingum á jörðu, ii. 20; svara máli fyrir e-n, to answer for, Nj. 106; s. sökum fyrir e-t, to pay the penally for, Sks. 796; s. e-m lögum, to answer according to the law, D. N.; s. þessum lögbrotum, to answer for them, Sks. 546; at þér svarit slíku fyrir sem þér hafit til gört, that you shall answer for what you have done, Boll. 350; s. skilum fyrir, to give an account for, Fms. vii. 127; eiga at s. málum, Stat. 309; um presta, hverju þeir skulu s., what duties they have to discharge, N. G. L. i. 345; svara til allra stétta, to pay taxes to all estates (king and clergy).
    2. svara e-u, to be equal, amount to; svá mikil kol sem svaraði fimm hrossa göngu, Dipl. v. 14; er svari innkaupum, N. G. L. iii. 16; sam-s.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > SVARA

  • 76 syn

    * * *
    (pl. -jar), f. denial, protest; setja s. fyrir, to deny, repel a charge (hann setti þar s. fyrir, ok bauð skírslur).
    * * *
    f., gen. synjar, [synja; syn is the root from which syn-ð is a derivative]:—a denial, protest; used in law phrases, koma, setja, hafa syn fyrir, to protest or repel a charge on oath, by ordeal, or the like; ef þeir hafa syn fyrir, þá skulu þeir synja með einseiði, K. Á. 150; hann setti þar syn fyrir, ok bauð skírslur, Fms. ix. 5; bændr kómu þar sumir syn fyrir sik, Hkr. i. 89; hón er sett til varnar á þingum … því er þat orðtak, at ‘syn sé fyrir sett’ þá er hann neitar, Edda 21; the word is freq. in the compd nauð-syn (q. v.), necessity, otherwise obsolete.
    II. the name of a goddess, Edda 21; arin-syn, the goddess of the hearth, Þd.; mens Synjar (gen.), the goddess of the necklace, i. e. a woman, Lex. Poët.; according to Edda 21, Syn was the goddess of lawsuits: synjar-spann, N. G. L. i. 258, is prob. an error = smjör-spann.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > syn

  • 77 til-görð

    f. desert, merit; eptir tilgörðum, according to one’s deserts, Fms. i. 104; fyrir enga t., without provocation, v. 135; útan várrar tilgörðar, id., ix. 352; minni skömm en tilgörðir hans vóru til, vii. 167; líta á t. með efnum, Eg. 417; gör eigi eptir tilgörðum várum, Mar.; fellt á sik bann af sínum tilgörðum, by their deeds, K. Á. 64.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > til-görð

  • 78 UNGR

    (yngri, yngstr), a. young.
    * * *
    ung, ungt, adj., compar. yngri, superl. yngstr; for the form jungr see p. 327, col. 1: [Goth. juggs, compar. juhiza; A. S. geong; Engl. young; O. H. G. and Germ. jung; Dutch jong; but Dan.-Swed. ung; cp. Lat. juvenis.]
    β. an older and obsolete compar. œri or œrri, early Dan. urœ; þótta’k hæfr þá er vórum œri, Korm. (in a verse); öngr mannr œri honum, Orkn. (in a verse); œri endr bar ek mærð ór hendi, Edda (in a verse); fylkir œri þér fórat heiman, Ó. H. (in a verse): in prose, hit ellra barn má œra ( madden) it œrra ( the younger), Skálda 162 (Thorodd); engi œri enn áttján vetra gamall, Fms. xi. 90; þú er miklu œri maðr at aldri, 93 (yngri, v. l. of the later vellums); eigi skyldi øri djáknar enn hálf-þrítugir, Greg. 60; tungl tveim nóttum œra, Rb. 1812. 52; skal þat eigi vesa œra an fimtán nátta (spelt eora), 20; ok skal þat vesa at eora (æra) tungl, 57; enum eorum tunglum, 55; gott æ ørum mönnum, Landn. (Hb.) 45; þá telja Paktar nótt œri (ærna Ed.), Rb. 32; þó at eigi sé þú œri at vetra-tali, Þiðr. 339: the superl. ærstr occurs but a single time, hann rauð œrstr (youngest, i. e. while quite young) úlfs fót, Ó. H. (in a verse). According to Thorodd the grammarian the œ in œri was sounded as a nasal diphthong, indicating its contraction, (cp. Goth. juhiza), and distinguished from the verb œra (from órar, q. v.) with its pure diphthong.
    B. USAGE.—Young; ungir ok bernskir, Fms. i. 22; þá er þér vórut yngri, Nj. 198; hinn yngra manninn, Fms. vi. 187; hann var þeirra yngstr, Nj. 269; kært görðisk með þessum yngrum mönnum, Ld. 160; tvau naut við kú ef yngri eru, Grág. i. 147; ungra manna, ii. 11; á unga aldri, in one’s youth, 623. 59: sayings, ungr skal at ungum vega, Ísl. ii. 309; upp at eins er ungum vegar, the way of the young is upwards, Mkv.; ungr má en gamall skal, see skulu; lengi man þat er ungr getr, 248; þeygi á saman gamalt og ungt, Úlf. 3. 44; vera ungr í annat sinn,—eptir þat stóð Hákon upp ok talaði, mæltu þá tveir ok tveir sín í milli, at þar væri þá kominn Haraldr inn Hárfagri, ok orðinn ungr í annat sinn, Hkr. i. 125, Gísl. 84; cp. ‘Hamilcarem juvenem redditum sibi veteres milites credere,’ Livy xxi. 4.
    2. young, recent; ungir í Kristninni, Fms. i. 244; Ljótr mælti, ung er nú trúan, Valla L. 209; hann kvað ungt vinfengi þeirra Bjarnar, Bjarn. 56.
    II. Ungi or inn Ungi, as a nickname, the Younger, Junior = Lat. minor, opp. to inn Gamli; Eindriði ungi, Hákon ungi, Kolbeinn ungi, see gamall III.
    C. -ungr, an inflexion, see Gramm.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > UNGR

  • 79 URÐR

    I)
    (gen. -ar), f. weird, fate.
    m. bane, curse (urðr öðlinga).
    * * *
    f., qs. vurðr; gen. urðar; acc. dat. would be urði, but does not occur unless it be Vsp. 20, where urð must stand either for urði, dropping the vowel, for the next word begins with h; or it is nom. = urðr, according to the A. S. and general rule (cp. Rm. 36), that verbs signifying to call, name, are followed by a nom.: plur. urðir: [A. S. wyrd; Engl. weird; Hel. wurth]:—a weird, fate; the word is obsolete in prose; en sjá urðr sjallgætust (-gætastr, Cod. wrongly) með Svíum þótti, that weird, extraordinary accident, viz. that he slew himself, Ýt.; gengu þess á milli grimmar urðir, ‘grim weirds.’ a cruel fate prevented it, Skv. 3. 5; urðr öðlinga þú hefir æ verit, the evil Norn, evil angel of kings, Gkv. 1. 23.
    II. esp. as the name of one of the three Norns, Vsp. 19.
    COMPDS: Urðarbrunnr, urðarfár, urðarlokur, urðarmagn, urðarmáni, urðarorð.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > URÐR

  • 80 val

    * * *
    n. choice; hann spurði hverjar sögur í vali væri, what stories there were to choose among; engi váru völ á því, there was no chance of that.
    * * *
    adv. = vel, according to the spelling of some vellums, e. g. Bs. i. 89 sqq. (Cod. Holm. No. 5), Stj., Barl.; but not so in good standard Icel. spelling.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > val

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