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1 gmota
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2 masa
-
3 maša
Mass, service -
4 množičen
-
5 gromada
gromada Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `heap, pile'Page in Trubačev: VII 136-137Church Slavic:Russian:gromáda `mass, bulk, pile' [f ā]Old Russian:Czech:Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:gromáda `cliff, crag, heap, pile' [f ā];gròmada `cliff, crag, heap, pile' [f ā]Slovene:gromáda `heap, pile of firewood, bonfire' [f ā]Bulgarian:gromáda `heap, pile, mass, bulk' [f ā]Lithuanian:grùmulas `lump' [m o]Indo-European reconstruction: h₂gr-om-Other cognates:Skt. grā́ma- `(military) host, village, community'; -
6 kùpъ
kùpъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `heap, mound'Page in Trubačev: XIII 114-115Old Church Slavic:vъkupě `together, at the same time' [adv]Church Slavic:Russian:vkúpe (obs.) `together' [adv]Serbo-Croatian:kȕp `heap, pile, crowd' [m o];Čak. kȕp (Vrgada) `heap, pile' [m o];Čak. kȕp (Orbanići) `heap, pile' [m o]Slovene:kùp `heap, mass' [m o], kúpa [Gens];vkùp `together' [adv];vkȗpe(j) `together' [adv]Bulgarian:Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: káʔupo-Lithuanian:kaũpas `heap' [m o] 4;káupas (dial.) `heap' [m o] 1Indo-European reconstruction: keh₂up-o-Other cognates:Notes:\{1\} Cf. Latv. kãpa `dune, hillock, snowmound'. \{2\} Here we find no trace of a laryngeal, however. -
7 nȅbo
nȅbo Grammatical information: n. s Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `sky, heaven'Page in Trubačev: XXIV 101-104Old Church Slavic:Russian:nébo `sky, heaven' [n o/s], nebesá [Nom p];nëbo `palate' [n o]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Upper Sorbian:Serbo-Croatian:nȅbo `sky, heaven, (dial.) ceiling, palate' [n s], nebèsa [Nom p];Čak. nȅbo (Vrgada) `sky, heaven' [n o], nebeså̃ [Nom p]Slovene:nebọ̑ `sky, heaven, (dial.) ceiling, palate' [n o]Bulgarian:nebé `sky, heaven' [n s], nebesá [Nom p]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: nebo, nebes-Lithuanian:debesìs `cloud' [f i]Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: nebʰ-es-Certainty: +Other cognates:Skt. nábhas- (RV+) `fog, mass of clouds, sky'; -
8 množica
crowd, mass, mob -
9 gramada
gramada Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `heap, pile'Page in Trubačev: VII 103-104Old Church Slavic:Old Russian:Serbo-Croatian:gramáda `clod, pile of firewood' [f ā];gràmada `lump of earth' [f ā]Slovene:gramáda `heap, pile' [f ā];grmáda `heap, pile' [f ā]Bulgarian:gramáda `mass, big pile' [f ā]Lithuanian:grùmulas `lump' [m o]Indo-European reconstruction: h₂gr-ōm-Other cognates:Skt. grā́ma- `(military) host, village, community'; -
10 mě̄zgà
mě̄zgà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `sap'Page in Trubačev: XVIII 23-25Russian:mezgá (dial.) `sap-wood, pulp, membrane, remnants of meat on the inside of a hide' [f ā]Old Russian:mězga `sap, sap-wood, resin' [f ā];Czech:míza `sap' [f ā];Old Czech:Slovak:Polish:Slovincian:mjǻuzgă `sap' [f ā]Upper Sorbian:měza `sap' [f ā]Lower Sorbian:mězga `sap' [f ā]Serbo-Croatian:mézga `sap' [f ā];mézgra `sap' [f ā]Slovene:mẹ́zga `sap' [f ā]Bulgarian:măzgá `sap' [f ā]Comments: Obviously, some forms have been influenced semantically and/or formally by -> *męzdra. The original meaning of the etymon seems to be `sap of (trees)' rather than `sap-wood'. The connection with MoHG Maische, MHG meisch, OE māx-wyrt `mash (in a brewery)' is not unattractive, but becomes less plausible if the Germanic word derives from OHG miscen, OE miscian `mix'. The ESSJa suggests that the root is *h₃meiǵʰ- (-> mižati II, etc.) and adduces Sln. mǝzẹ́ti `trickle', mẹ́žiti se `begin to contain sap'. The seemingly obvious semantic link may be secondary, however. -
11 sìla
sìla Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `strength, force'Old Church Slavic:Russian:síla `strength, force' [f ā]Czech:síla `strength, force' [f ā]Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:sȉla `strength, force' [f ā]Slovene:síla `force, mass, need' [f ā]Bulgarian:síla `strength, force, power' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: séʔilaʔLithuanian:síela `soul' [f ā] 1Old Prussian:Indo-European reconstruction: seh₁i-l-eh₂ -
12 žuriti
žuriti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `rage'Russian:žurít' (coll.) `reprove, scold' [verb], žurjú [1sg], žurít [3sg];žurít'sja (dial.) `grieve, quarrel' [verb], žurjús' [1sg], žurítsja [3sg]Czech:zuřiti `rage, be furious' [verb] \{1\}Slovak:zúrit' `rage, be furious' [verb] \{1\}Polish:żurzyć się (obs.) `be angry, rage' [verb]Lower Sorbian:zuriś `make sour, embitter' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:Slovene:žúriti se `hurry' [verb], žúrim se [1sg]Indo-European reconstruction: gʰeuro-Comments: According to Young (2002), the West Slavic forms continue a denominative verb based on an unattested adjective corresponding to Lith. žiaurùs `cruel, savage', which he assumes to have the same root as Lith. žvėrìs `wild animal' (*ǵʰeuh₁r-?). Like Vasmer and others, he connects the East and South Slavic forms with Skt. ghorá- `terrible, terrifying' [adj] and Go. gaurs `sad' [adj]. Since the meaning of the West Slavic forms may have been influenced by German sauer `sour, angry' (perhaps through association with West Slavic * žurъ `sour mass used for soup or bread', which is regarded as a borrowing), I wonder if it is necessary to assume a different origin for the West Slavic forms on the one hand and the East and South Slavic forms on the other.Other cognates:Skt. ghorá- (RV+) `terrible, terrifying' [adj];Notes:\{1\} With dissimilation of *žuř- to zuř- in Czech (Machek 1971: s.v.). The Slovak form may be a borrowing from Czech.
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