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Severity

  • 1 severitas

    severity, rigor, sternness, strictness.

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > severitas

  • 2 asperitās

        asperitās ātis, f    [asper], unevenness, roughness: viarum: locorum, S.: omnis asperitates supervadere, the obstacles, S.: soni, harshness, Ta.: frigorum, severity, Ta.—Fig., roughness, harshness, severity, fierceness, coarseness: naturae: avunculi, N.: verborum, O.: asperitatis corrector, H. — Coarseness, roughness, austerity: (Stoicorum): agrestis, H. — Adversity, difficulty: asperitates rerum: belli, S.—Harshness, rudeness: contentionis: verborum, O.
    * * *
    roughness; severity; difficulty; harshness; shrillness, sharpness; fierceness

    Latin-English dictionary > asperitās

  • 3 asperitas

    aspĕrĭtas, ātis, f. [asper], the quality of asper, unevenness, roughness (opp. 2. levitas).
    I.
    Lit.:

    saxorum asperitates,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

    asperitas viarum,

    id. Phil. 9, 1, 2:

    locorum,

    Sall. J. 75, 2:

    angustiae locorumque asperitas,

    Liv. 32, 12 fin.; 43, 21; 44, 5 al.:

    linguae,

    Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 172:

    ventris,

    id. 11, 37, 79, § 201:

    squamarum,

    Gell. 2, 6:

    faucium,

    Plin. 30, 4, 11, § 32:

    animi asperitas seu potius animae,

    hoarseness, id. 22, 24, 51, § 111:

    ob asperitatem hiemis,

    roughness, severity, Tac. A. 4, 56:

    asperitas frigorum abest,

    id. Agr. 12:

    densaque cedit Frigoris asperitas,

    Ov. F. 4, 88 al.:

    asperitas luti,

    dryness, barrenness of the clay, Vitr. 2, 3.—Of raised work (cf. 1. asper, I., and exaspero):

    vasa anaglypta in asperitatemque excisa,

    with figures in basrelief, Plin. 33, 11, 49, § 139.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of taste, harshness, sharpness, acidity, tartness:

    vini,

    Plin. 14, 19, 24, § 120:

    pomi,

    id. 12, 10, 21, § 38:

    aceti,

    id. 9, 35, 58, § 120:

    aquarum,

    the brackish taste of water, id. 12, 9, 20, § 37 al. —
    2.
    Of hearing, roughness, harshness of tone:

    vocis,

    Lucr. 4, 542:

    soni,

    Tac. G. 3.—
    3.
    Of sight, inequality, contrast:

    cum aspectus ejus scaenae propter asperitatem eblandiretur omnium visus,

    on account of the contrast of light and shade, Vitr. 7, 5:

    intercolumniorum,

    id. 3, 3.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of moral qualities, roughness, harshness, severity, fierceness, asperity:

    si quis eā asperitate est et immanitate naturae, congressus ut hominum fugiat atque oderit, etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 23, 87:

    avunculi,

    Nep. Att. 5, 1:

    patris,

    Ov. M. 9, 752:

    artibus ingenuis Pectora mollescunt, asperitasque fugit,

    id. P. 1, 6, 8:

    asperitatis et invidiae corrector,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 129.—Of a rigid, austere manner of life: quam illorum (Stoicorum) tristitiam atque asperitatem fugiens Panaetius nec acerbitatem sententiarum nec disserendi spinas probavit, Cic. Fin. 4, 28, 79; cf. 1. asper, II. A.—And of rudeness in external appearance, opp. to a polished, cultivated bearing:

    asperitas agrestis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 6.—
    B.
    Of things, adversity, reverse of fortune, trouble, severity, difficulty (cf. 1. asper, II. B., and acerbitas):

    in his vel asperitatibus rerum vel angustiis temporis obsequar studiis nostris,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 3:

    asperitas belli,

    Sall. J. 29, 1:

    remedii,

    Tac. A. 1, 44.—Of style, roughness, harshness, trachutês (cf. 1. asper, II. B.):

    oratio in quā asperitas contentionis oratoris ipsius humanitate conditur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 53, 212. judicialis asperitas, id. ib. 2, 15, 64; so Quint. 1, 8, 11; 10, 5, 14 (cf. id. 11, 3, 23):

    verborum,

    Ov. M. 14, 526.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > asperitas

  • 4 gravitas

    grăvĭtas, ātis, f. [gravis], weight, heaviness.
    I.
    Lit., in gen.:

    omnibus ejus (terrae) partibus in medium vergentibus nihil interrumpat, quo labefactari possit tanta contentio gravitatis et ponderum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 116; cf.:

    per inane moveri gravitate et pondere,

    id. Fat. 11, 24; Lucr. 3, 1054; cf.

    also: cuncta necesse est Aut gravitate sua ferri primordia rerum, Aut, etc.,

    id. 2, 84:

    nostros propter gravitatem armorum, quod, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 16, 1:

    tum etiam gravitate et tarditate navium impediebantur,

    id. B. C. 1, 58, 3:

    ignava nequeunt gravitate moveri,

    Ov. M. 2, 821:

    me mea defendit gravitas (corresp. to moles and pondus),

    id. ib. 9, 39.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of smell, rankness, offensiveness, fetidness:

    quorundam odorum suavitati gravitas inest,

    Plin. 21, 7, 18, § 37:

    a quibusdam vocatur cynozolon propter gravitatem odoris (shortly before: odore gravissimo),

    id. 22, 18, 21, § 47:

    animae,

    id. 20, 9, 35, § 91:

    halitus,

    id. 30, 6, 15, § 44:

    oris,

    id. 28, 12, 51, § 190.—
    2.
    Of bodily condition, health, severity, vehemence, violence, unwholesomeness; heaviness, dulness, faintness, sickness:

    corpore vix sustineo gravitatem hujus caeli,

    Cic. Att. 11, 22, 2:

    caeli aquarumque,

    Liv. 23, 34, 11:

    loci,

    id. 25, 26, 13:

    morbi,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76:

    pressus gravitate soporis,

    Ov. M. 15, 21; cf. id. ib. 11, 618:

    an quod corporis gravitatem et dolorem animo judicamus, animi morbum corpore non sentimus?

    painful, diseased condition, Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, 2 Kühn.; cf.

    membrorum,

    id. Fin. 4, 12, 31; and Lucr. 3, 478:

    capitis,

    Plin. 27, 12, 105, § 130:

    aurium,

    id. 20, 11, 44, § 115; cf.

    auditus,

    id. 23, 4, 42, § 85:

    audiendi,

    id. 28, 11, 48, § 176:

    oris et dentium,

    id. 37, 10, 54, § 143.—
    3.
    Pressure of price, dearness:

    annonae,

    Tac. A. 6, 13; 11, 4.—
    4.
    The burden of pregnancy:

    tendebat gravitas uterum mihi,

    Ov. M. 9, 287 (cf. onus, id. ib. 10, 504). —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In a bad sense, heaviness, slowness, severity:

    gaudere gravitate linguae sonoque vocis agresti,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 42: injuria gravitate tutior est, severity, cruelty, Sall. Orat. Licin. (Hist. Fragm. 3, 22 Gerl.):

    fessi diuturnitate et gravitate belli,

    Liv. 31, 7, 3: crudelitatem quoque gravitati addidit, id. 24, 45, 13 Weissenb. —
    B.
    In a good sense, weight, dignity, importance, seriousness, gravity (syn.: magnitudo, dignitas, auctoritas, pondus): hos cum Suevi propter amplitudinem gravitatemque civitatis finibus expellere non potuissent, importance, i. e. power, Caes. B. G. 4, 3, 4; cf. Cic. Agr. 2, 32:

    omnium sententiarum gravitate, omnium verborum ponderibus est utendum,

    importance, weight, id. de Or. 2, 17, 72; cf. id. Tusc. 5, 12, 34:

    genus hoc sermonum positum in hominum veterum auctoritate plus videtur habere gravitatis,

    id. Lael. 1, 4:

    quanta illa, di immortales, fuit gravitas! quanta in oratione majestas!

    id. ib. 25, 96:

    tristitia et in omni re severitas habet illa quidem gravitatem,

    id. ib. 18, 66; cf.:

    erat in illo viro comitate condita gravitas,

    id. de Sen. 4, 10:

    gravitate mixtus lepos,

    id. Rep. 2, 1; cf. also id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1:

    illud me praeclare admones, cum illum videro, ne nimis indulgenter et ut cum gravitate potius loquar,

    id. Att. 9, 9, 2; 9, 19, 3; id. Fam. 5, 16, 5:

    de virtute et gravitate Caesaris, quam in summo dolore adhibuisset,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 3:

    personae gravitatem intuentes,

    id. Tusc. 2, 21, 49; cf.:

    ego has partes lenitatis et misericordiae semper egi libenter: illam vero gravitatis severitatisque personam non appetivi,

    id. Mur. 3, 6:

    haec genera dicendi in senibus gravitatem non habent,

    id. Brut. 95, 326; id. Rep. 1, 10 fin.:

    majestas quam vultus gravitasque oris prae se ferebat,

    Liv. 5, 41, 8:

    (senarius) quantum accipit celeritatis, tantum gravitatis amittit,

    Quint. 9, 4, 140.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > gravitas

  • 5 acerbitās

        acerbitās ātis, f    [acerbus], bitterness, harshness, sourness: fructūs magnā acerbitate permixtos ferre, i. e. public rewards bringing also bitter trials. — Fig., harshness, bitterness, rigor, severity, hostility, hatred: severitatem in senectute probo, acerbitatem nullo modo: patria, L.: virus acerbitatis, the poison of malice: nomen vestrum odio atque acerbitati futurum, an object of bitter hatred. —Plur., grief, sorrow, pain, anguish, affliction: lacrimas in meis acerbitatibus effudisti: omnīs acerbitates perferre, Cs.
    * * *
    harshness, severity; bitterness, sourness, ill feeling; anguish, hardship

    Latin-English dictionary > acerbitās

  • 6 atrōcitās

        atrōcitās ātis, f    [atrox], fierceness, harshness, enormity: ipsius facti: sceleris, S.: poenae, L.— Barbarity, severity, rigidity: animi ista tua.
    * * *
    fury; barbarity, cruelty; wickedness; severity, harshness; horror, dreadfulness

    Latin-English dictionary > atrōcitās

  • 7 crūdēlitās

        crūdēlitās ātis, f    [crudelis], harshness, severity, cruelty, barbarity: in homines: in immanitate puniendā: erga nobiles, N.: alicuius crudelitatem horrere, Cs.: esse singulari crudelitate: crudelitatem exercere in vivo: ultima, extreme, L.
    * * *
    cruelty/barbarity, harshness/severity, savagery/inhumanity; instance of cruelty

    Latin-English dictionary > crūdēlitās

  • 8 gravitās

        gravitās ātis, f    [gravis], weight, heaviness: <*>er inane moveri gravitate: navium, Cs.: ignavā <*>equeunt gravitate moveri, O.— Pregnancy, O.— Unwholesomeness, oppressiveness, severity, heaviness, <*>ulness: caeli: loci, L.: morbi: soporis, O.: seniis, O.: annonae, dearness, Ta.: odoris, disagree<*>bleness, Ta.— Disease, sickness: corporis: mem<*>rorum.—Fig., heaviness, slowness: linguae.— Harshness, severity: belli, L.: crudelitatem gravi<*>ati addidit, L.—Of things, weight, importance: <*>rovinciae Galliae: civitatis, Cs.: sententiarum: versūs gravitate minores, H.—Of persons, weight, dignity, gravity, presence, influence: inauditā gravitate praeditus: comitate condīta gravitas: cum gravitate loqui: oris, L.: Incolumi gravitate, without loss of dignity, H.
    * * *
    weight; dignity; gravity; importances, oppressiveness; pregnancy; sickness

    Latin-English dictionary > gravitās

  • 9 sevēritās

        sevēritās ātis, f    [severus], seriousness, gravity, sternness, strictness, severity: Tristis in voltu, T.: severitatem in senectute probo: in omni re: severitatem res ipsa flagitat: iudiciorum: Catoni severitas dignitatem addiderat, S.: magnis peccatis severitatem commodare, Ta.: exempli: imperi, Cs.
    * * *
    strictness, severity

    Latin-English dictionary > sevēritās

  • 10 severitas

    sĕvērĭtas, ātis, f. [1. severus], seriousness, gravity, sternness, strictness, severity, in a good and bad sense (class. and very freq.;

    syn. gravitas): tristis severitas inest in vultu,

    Ter. And. 5, 2, 16:

    severitatem in senectute probo: acerbitatem nullo modo,

    Cic. Sen. 18, 65 (opp. lepos); id. Off. 1, 37, 134:

    censorum,

    id. Rep. 4, 6, 15; cf. Val. Max. 2, 9.— Plur.:

    censorum severitates,

    Gell. 4, 20, 1:

    tristitia et in omni re severitas,

    Cic. Lael. 18, 66; cf.:

    homo ipsā tristitiā et severitate popularis,

    id. Brut. 25, 97:

    si illius comitatem et facilitatem tuae gravitati severitatique asperseris,

    id. Mur. 31, 66; so (opp. comitas) id. Brut. 40, 148; (opp. mansuetudo et misericordia) Sall. C. 54, 2; (opp hilaritas risusque) Cic. Brut. 93, 322:

    T. Torquatus cum illam severitatem in eo filio adhibuit, quem, etc.,

    id. Fin. 1, 7, 24:

    evellere se aculeum severitatis vestrae,

    id. Clu. 55, 152:

    laetissimae vir severitatis,

    Vell. 2, 127, 4:

    Catoni severitas dignitatem addiderat,

    Sall. C. 54, 2:

    commodare magnis peccatis severitatem,

    Tac. Agr. 19:

    summa severitas animadversionis,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 7:

    exempli,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 3, § 7:

    judiciorum (opp. lenitas ac misericordia),

    id. Sull. 33, 92:

    imperii,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 4; cf.: militarem disciplinam severitatemque minuere, Auct. B. Alex. 48 fin.;

    65: nimia emendationis severitas,

    Quint. 2, 4, 10:

    disciplinae,

    id. 2, 2, 4:

    orationis,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 6:

    hac severitate aurium laetor,

    this severity of taste, id. ib. 3, 18, 9.—
    II.
    Transf.:

    etiam corruptissimo in genere magis tamen juvat quaedam ipsius viti severitas,

    rudeness, crudeness, Plin. 13, 3, 4, § 21.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > severitas

  • 11 ācer

        ācer ācris, ācre, adj. with comp. and sup.    [2 AC-], to the senses, sharp, piercing, penetrating, cutting, irritating, pungent: oculi: favilla non acris, no longer glowing, O.: acrior voltus, keener look, O.: acrem flammae sonitum, V.: acri tibiā, H.: canes naribus acres, O.: acetum, H.: stimuli, V.: sol acrior, fierce, H.: stomachus, irritated, H.: hiemps, severe, H.: Aufidus, impetuous, H.— Of mind, etc., violent, vehement, consuming, bitter: odium: dolor, V.: supplicia.—Of intellectual qualities, subtle, acute, penetrating, sagacious, shrewd: animus: ingenium: memoria, ready. — Of moral qualities, active, ardent, eager, spirited, keen, brave, zealous: milites: in armis, V.: acerrimus armis, V.: acer equis, spirited charioteer, V. — Violent, hasty, quick, hot, passionate, fierce, severe: cupiditas: pater acerrimus, enraged, angry, T.: acres contra me: voltus in hostem, H.: virgines in iuvenes unguibus, H.: leo, N.—As subst: ridiculum acri fortius magnas secat res, more effectually than severity, H. — Fig.: prima coitiost acerruma, i. e. most critical, T.: amor gloriae, keen: pocula, excessive, H.: concursus, Cs.: fuga, impetuous, V.: (vos) rapit vis acrior, an irresistible impulse, H.: regno Arsacis acrior est Germanorum libertas, more formidable, Ta.
    * * *
    I
    maple tree; wood of the maple tree; maple
    II
    acris -e, acrior -or -us, acerrimus -a -um ADJ
    sharp, bitter, pointed, piercing, shrill; sagacious, keen; severe, vigorous

    Latin-English dictionary > ācer

  • 12 acerbē

        acerbē adv. with comp. and sup.    [acerbus], bitterly.—Only fig., act., harshly, severely, cruelly, sharply, inimically: diripere bona: cogi in senatum: acerbius in alqm invehi: acerbissime dicere, Cs. — Pass, painfully, grievously, with sorrow: acerbe ferebam, si, etc.: tuli acerbe me adduci, etc.: acerbius inopiam ferre, too severely, Cs.
    * * *
    acerbius, acerbissime ADV
    stridently, with harsh sound; cruelly, harshly; with pain/severity; premature

    Latin-English dictionary > acerbē

  • 13 ācrimōnia

        ācrimōnia ae, f    [2 ācer], sharpness, pungency; only fig., severity, acrimony, energy: ad resistendum: causae.
    * * *
    acrimony; briskness; caustic/corrosive/pungent quality; indigestion; vigor

    Latin-English dictionary > ācrimōnia

  • 14 antīquus (-īcus)

        antīquus (-īcus) adj. with comp. and sup.    [ante], ancient, former, of old times: tua duritia, former severity, T.: causa antiquior memoriā tuā: patria, L.: urbs, V.: antiquae leges et mortuae. — Plur m. as subst, the ancients, ancient writers: antiquorum auctoritas: traditus ab antiquis mos, H.—Old, long in existence, aged: hospes, T.: genus, N.: Graiorum antiquissima scripta, H.: antiquissimum quodque tempus spectare, i. e. longestablished rights, Cs.: antiquum obtinere, to hold fast an old custom, T.: morem antiquum obtines, T. — Fig., old, venerable, reverend, authoritative: fanum Iunonis: templa deum, H.: longe antiquissimum ratus sacra facere, etc., a most venerable custom, L.: antiquior alia causa (amicitiae), more original.—Old-fashioned: (cives) antiquā virtute, T.: homines: vestigia antiqui officii. — Comp, more desirable, preferable: ne quid vitā existimem antiquius: antiquior ei fuit gloria quam regnum: id antiquius consuli fuit, was of more pressing importance, L.

    Latin-English dictionary > antīquus (-īcus)

  • 15 disciplīna

        disciplīna ae, f    [discipulus], instruction, tuition, teaching, training, education: puerilis: adulescentīs in disciplinam ei tradere: te in disciplinam meam tradere: in disciplinam (Druidum) convenire, Cs.: res, quarum est disciplina, the objects of instruction: quae (incommoda) pro disciplinā et praeceptis habere possent, Cs.— Learning, knowledge, science, discipline, culture: homo (summā) disciplinā: a pueris nullo officio aut disciplinā adsuefacti, Cs.: Italia plena Graecarum disciplinarum: his disciplinis institutus: militiae, tactics: bellica: militaris, military discipline, L.: occidere non disciplinā, sed impetu, Ta.: navalis: rei p., statesmanship: vetus regum, severity: familiae gravis: maiorum, S.: certa vivendi, orderly way: populorum, the art of governing: philosophiae, a system: tres trium disciplinarum principes.— A custom, habit: Nam disciplinast eis, demunerarier, etc., T.: imitari avi mores disciplinamque: familiae. — A school: itinera disciplinarum: philosophorum disciplinae, sects, T.
    * * *
    teaching, instruction, education; training; discipline; method, science, study

    Latin-English dictionary > disciplīna

  • 16 iniūstitia

        iniūstitia ae, f    [iniustus], injustice, unfairness: iniustitiae duo genera sunt.—Severity, harshness: Eum ego hinc eieci iniustitiā meā, T.

    Latin-English dictionary > iniūstitia

  • 17 malum

        malum ī, n    [1 malus], an evil, mischief, misfortune, calamity: nescis quantis in malis vorser, T.: in tanta mala praecipitatus, S.: subitum, Cs.: dolor est malum: aurum, Summi materies mali, H.: ignari ante malorum, misfortune past, V.: quod nescire malum est, H.: nihil mali accidisse Scipioni puto: externum, i. e. bellum, N. — Punishment, hurt, harm, severity, injury: malo domandam tribuniciam potestatem, L.: malo exercitum coërcere, S.: Sine malo fateri, T.: vi, malo, plagis adductus est ut, etc., ill-usage: clementiam illi malo fuisse, unfortunate.—Wrong-doing: fama veterum malorum, V.—As a term of abuse, plague, mischief, torment: qui, malum, alii? T.: quae, malum, est ista tanta audacia?
    * * *
    I
    apple; fruit; lemon; quince
    II
    evil, mischief; disaster, misfortune, calamity, plague; punishment; harm/hurt

    Latin-English dictionary > malum

  • 18 rigor

        rigor ōris, m    [REG-], stiffness, hardness, firmness, rigor: ferri, V.: saxorum, O.— Cold, chilliness: Alpinus, O.: torpentes rigore nervi, L.— Fig., hardness, roughness, rudeness: Te tuus iste rigor decet, O.: disciplinae veteris, Ta.
    * * *
    stiffness, rigidity, coldness, numbness, hardness; inflexibility; severity

    Latin-English dictionary > rigor

  • 19 saevitia

        saevitia ae, f    [saevus], fury, fierceness, violence, harshness, savageness, cruelty, barbarity, severity: meam saevitiam veritus, T.: iudicis: hostium, S.: in militiā, L.: undae, O.: temporis, S.: caeli, Cu.: annonae, dearness, Ta.
    * * *
    rage, fierceness, ferocity; cruelty, barbarity, violence

    Latin-English dictionary > saevitia

  • 20 trīstitia

        trīstitia ae, f    [tristis], sadness, mournfulness, sorrow, grief, melancholy, gloom, dejection: tum ad tristitiam, tum ad laetitiam est contorquendus: repente omnīs tristitia invasit, S.: in eādem tristitiā permanere, Cs.: compescere tristitiam, O. — Gloom: sol recedens quasi tristitiā quādam contrahit terram.— Sadness, disagreeableness: temporum.— Moroseness, harshness, sternness, severity: tristitiae causa tuae, O.: (risus) tristitiam mitigat.
    * * *

    Latin-English dictionary > trīstitia

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См. также в других словарях:

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  • severity — se|ver|i|ty [ sı verəti ] noun uncount 1. ) the seriousness of something bad or unpleasant: severity of: The severity of the storm was less than expected. 2. ) the degree to which something is strict or extreme: severity of: She was surprised by… …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • severity — UK [sɪˈverətɪ] / US noun [uncountable] 1) the seriousness of something bad or unpleasant severity of: The severity of the storm was less than expected. 2) the degree to which something is strict or extreme severity of: She was surprised by the… …   English dictionary

  • severity — noun ADJECTIVE ▪ great ▪ utmost (esp. BrE) ▪ moderate ▪ increasing ▪ varying ▪ …   Collocations dictionary

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  • severity — I (New American Roget s College Thesaurus) Strictness Nouns 1. severity; strictness, harshness, rigor, stringency, austerity, straight face; ill treatment; inclemency, pitilessness, arrogance. See insolence, violence, authority. 2. (strict rule)… …   English dictionary for students

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