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1 ἀτρύγετος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: uncertain (Il.)Etymology: Of the sea (of the ether). In antiquity seen as `un-fruitful', to τρυγάω, but the formation of the word seems impossible. But by Hdn. Gr. 2, 284 as `never worn out, unresting' to τρύω ("παρὰ τὸ τρύειν πλεονασμῳ̃"); thus Wecklein MünchAkSb 1911: 3, 27, but the -γ remains unexplained. - Brandenstein PhilWoch. 56, 62f. connects τρύξ `ungegorener, trüber Wein' as `nicht getrübt, rein, abgeklärt'; it seems to fit ether (where it will be secondary) better than the sea. Leukart, FS Risch: ἀ- intens. and τρύζω, as `strongly murmuring'. Vine, Aeol. ὄρπετον, IBS Vortr. 71, 1998, 62 - 64 proposes *n̥-trug-eto- `un-dry-able', cf. ἔτρυγεν ἐξηράνθη and τρυγητός = ξηρασία; quite possible. - Pelasgian theories are worthless.Page in Frisk: 1,181-182Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀτρύγετος
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2 σκινδαψός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: name of a musical instruments with four strings with thorn-like appendices (middl. com. a. o.), also des. for a senseless word (Artem., S.E. a.o.); name of an ivy-like plant (Clitarch.; cf. Dawkins JHSt. 56, 9 f.).Other forms: Without anl. σ-: κινδαψός (Timo, H.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Ending like the semant. quite remote λυκ-αψός, χορδ-αψός (s. λύκος and χορδή); further unclear foreign word like κιθάρα, βάρβιτος and many other instrument-names. Hypothetic suppositions by Stephanides PhilWoch. 50, 1438 ff. -- The word seems Pre-Greek without clear indications.Page in Frisk: 2,732-733Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκινδαψός
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3 Έλλάς
Έλλάς, -άδοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: Έλλάς, - άδος`Hellas', land of the Ε῝λληνες, name of a territory in southern Thessaly (Il.), also Anatolian Ionia (Hdt.); - also adj. f. `hellenic' ( γλῶσσα, πόλις; Hdt., A.).Other forms: Further Ε῝λληνες, Dor. -ᾱνες pl. `Hellenes', name of a Thessalian tribe (Β 684), name of all Greeks (since Hdt.), `Heathen' (LXX), sg. also adj. `hellenic' (Pi., A.). As 1. member in Έλλανο-δίκαι pl. " judges of the Hellenes", name of the arbiters at the Olympic Games (Pi.), also name of a martial court in Sparta (X.); Έλληνο-ταμίαι pl. name of the treasurers of the Delic-Attic Confederacy (Att.). As 2. member in Πανέλληνες `Panhellenes' (Β 530 beside Άχαιοί, Hes. Op. 528, Archil. 52,); cf. below; φιλ-έλλην `friend of the Hellenes' (Ion.-Att.), μισ-έλλην `enemy of the Hellenes' (X.).Compounds: As 1. member in Έλλαδ-άρχης (with ἑλλαδαρχέω) `Leader of the H.', President of the Achaeic Confederacy, the Delphic Amphiktyonie and other communities (imper. times).Derivatives: Έλλαδικός `belonging to H.' (Xenoph., Str.). - Έλλήνιος, -ά̄νιος `hellenic' (Hdt., Pi.), f. - ηνίς, -ᾱνίς (Pi., Att.), Έλληνικός `id.' (Hdt.; s. Chantr. Ét. sur le vocab. grec, s. index); denomin. verb ἑλληνίζω `speak Greek', also trans. `hellenise' (late), with ἑλληνισμός `Greek way of expression', also opposed to ἀττικισμός `Attic expression' (hell.), ἑλληνιστής `who speaks Greek', name of a Jew speaking Greek ( Act. Ap. 6, 1; oppos. Έβραῖος) etc.; - ιστί adv. `in Greek' (Pl., X.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Like most names of lands and peoples Έλλάς and Ε῝λληνες have no etymology. - As formation in - άς (cf. Τρωάς, Φθιάς, Λευκάς etc.; Schwyzer 507f., Chantr. Form. 356) Έλλάς supposes a noun (Sommer Münch. Stud. z. Sprachwiss. 4, 1ff.). Also for Ε῝λληνες a noun will have been the basis; the deviant intonation (cf. Άθαμᾶνες, Άκαρνᾶνες, Δυμᾶνες etc., which is also found in Ἴωνες (s. v.), is mostly explained from Παν-έλληνες (like πάν-δεινος, παν-άγαθος a. o.; but Παν-αχαιοί Β 404 etc.!). The ending -ᾱν- is of course Pre-Greek. - Beside Ε῝λληνες we find Ἔλλοπες (like Δρύοπες a. o.) in Έλλοπία name of the region of Dodona (Hes. Fr. 134, 1) and of northern Euboea (Hdt. 8, 23; note the suffix - οπ-); since Arist. ( Mete. 352a 34) the area of Dodona and the basin of the Acheloos was seen as the land of origin of the Hellenes, the ἀρχαία Έλλάς. The basis of Έλλάς and Ε῝λληνες prob. is Έλλοί (Pi. Fr. 59), after H. = Ε῝λληνες οἱ ἐν Δωδώνῃ, καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς; but perh. it is juist the consequence of the reading σ' Έλλοί for Σελλοί in Π 234, s. Leumann Hom. Wörter 40. It is obvious, to connect the Ε῝λληνες also with the Σελλοι, who live also around Dodona; Ε῝λληνες and Έλλάς would have lost the σ- through Greek development. - Further unknown, s. Wilamowitz on Eur. Her. 1 n. 1, Güntert WuS 9, 132 (cf. Kretschmer Glotta 17, 250), Chatzis ( PhilWoch 58, 497), further Chantraine Form. 168 n. 1. Details in Schwyzer 77f.Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Έλλάς
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