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1 Riggenbach, Niklaus
[br]b. 21 May 1817 Gebweiler, Alsaced. 25 July 1899 Olten, Switzerland[br]Swiss locomotive engineer and pioneer of mountain rack railways.[br]Riggenbach came from a Basle family and was educated in Basle, Lyons and Paris, where he was so impressed by the new railway to Saint-Germain that he decided to devote himself to work in that field. He worked for Kessler's locomotive works in Karlsruhe, which built the first locomotives for the Zurich-Baden Railway. This was the first railway in Switzerland and when it was opened in 1847 Riggenbach drove the first train. He subsequently became Locomotive Superintendent of the Swiss Central Railway, and the problems of operating a steeply graded line solely by adhesion led him to develop a rack railway which incorporated a ladder rack similar to that of Sylvester Marsh. However, it was only after the Swiss Consul in Washington had reported enthusiastically on the Mount Washington Cog Railway that Riggenbach and associates were able to get a concession for their first line, which was laid up the Rigi mountain and was opened in 1871. That same year Riggenbach opened a quarry railway operated for the first time by a mixture of rack and adhesion. From this start, rack railways were built widely in Switzerland and to a lesser extent in many other parts of the world. His Rigi railway continues to operate.[br]BibliographyRiggenbach patented his rack railway in 1863.Further ReadingRiggenbach's type of counter-pressure brakes is described in Transactions of the Newcomen Society 55:13.M.Dietschy, 1971, "Le Chemin de fer du Rigi à 100 ans", Chemins defer régionaux eturbains 106.O.J.Morris, 1951, The Snow don Mountain Railway, Ian Allan.See also: Abt, RomanPJGR -
2 Wirth, Niklaus
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]fl. late 1960s Zurich, Switzerland[br]Swiss computer engineer noted for his development of the high-level computer language PASCAL.[br]For many years Wirth was Professor of Computing Science at Zurich Federal Polytechnic School. In 1969, seeking a high-level computer language suitable for teaching programming as a systematic activity, he invented PASCAL, which is now widely used with personal computers (PCs). Unlike BASIC, which is checked and run a line at a time, PASCAL programs are compiled (i.e. they are fully checked for consistency) before they are actually run.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Emanuel R.Piore Award 1983.Bibliography1971, "The programming language PASCAL", Acta Informatica 1:35.Further ReadingR.L.Wexelblat (ed.), 1981, History of Programming Languages, London: Academic Press.KF -
3 director comercial
m.1 business manager.2 merchandise manager.* * *(n.) = marketing executive, chief commercial officerEx. Additionally, this article discusses specific marketing executives' use of competitive intelligence data bases to gain a competitive edge within their marketplace.Ex. Niklaus Meier assumes the Chief Financial Officer's responsibilities ad interim in addition to his current position as Chief Commercial Officer.* * *(n.) = marketing executive, chief commercial officerEx: Additionally, this article discusses specific marketing executives' use of competitive intelligence data bases to gain a competitive edge within their marketplace.
Ex: Niklaus Meier assumes the Chief Financial Officer's responsibilities ad interim in addition to his current position as Chief Commercial Officer. -
4 director financiero
m.chief financial officer, finance director, CFO.* * *(n.) = finance director, chief financial officerEx. She is quitting as finance director of the Sainsbury supermarket chain after a boardroom shake-up with a golden handshake likely to top £500000.Ex. Niklaus Meier assumes the Chief Financial Officer's responsibilities ad interim in addition to his current position as Chief Commercial Officer.* * *(n.) = finance director, chief financial officerEx: She is quitting as finance director of the Sainsbury supermarket chain after a boardroom shake-up with a golden handshake likely to top £500000.
Ex: Niklaus Meier assumes the Chief Financial Officer's responsibilities ad interim in addition to his current position as Chief Commercial Officer. -
5 en el ínterin
meanwhile* * *= in the interim, in the intervening years, in the intervening period, ad interimEx. But in the interim what do you do with things like citations in journal articles which should lead you to a record?.Ex. In the intervening years reference collections and reference services have changed greatly with the introduction of electronic media.Ex. The present survey involved contacting the same libraries and institutions in order to see what changes had taken place in the intervening period.Ex. Niklaus Meier assumes the Chief Financial Officer's responsibilities ad interim in addition to his current position as Chief Commercial Officer.* * *= in the interim, in the intervening years, in the intervening period, ad interimEx: But in the interim what do you do with things like citations in journal articles which should lead you to a record?.
Ex: In the intervening years reference collections and reference services have changed greatly with the introduction of electronic media.Ex: The present survey involved contacting the same libraries and institutions in order to see what changes had taken place in the intervening period.Ex: Niklaus Meier assumes the Chief Financial Officer's responsibilities ad interim in addition to his current position as Chief Commercial Officer. -
6 entretanto
adv.meanwhile.* * *► adverbio1 meanwhile, for the time being\en el entretanto in the meantime* * *adv.* * *1.ADV meanwhile, meantime2.CONJ3.SM meantime* * *Iadverbio meanwhile, in the meantimeIIen el entretanto — meanwhile, in the meantime
* * *= in the interim, meanwhile, meantime, ad interim, in (the) meantime.Ex. But in the interim what do you do with things like citations in journal articles which should lead you to a record?.Ex. Meanwhile in 1951, the Library Association reconstituted its Catalogue Code Revision Committee and started discussion.Ex. Meantime, our new library stand as as a confident symbol of the importance of ALL librarires to the nation's cultural, educational and economic success.Ex. Niklaus Meier assumes the Chief Financial Officer's responsibilities ad interim in addition to his current position as Chief Commercial Officer.Ex. In the meantime, however, a position has been reserved for the number in the structure of the authority record.* * *Iadverbio meanwhile, in the meantimeIIen el entretanto — meanwhile, in the meantime
* * *= in the interim, meanwhile, meantime, ad interim, in (the) meantime.Ex: But in the interim what do you do with things like citations in journal articles which should lead you to a record?.
Ex: Meanwhile in 1951, the Library Association reconstituted its Catalogue Code Revision Committee and started discussion.Ex: Meantime, our new library stand as as a confident symbol of the importance of ALL librarires to the nation's cultural, educational and economic success.Ex: Niklaus Meier assumes the Chief Financial Officer's responsibilities ad interim in addition to his current position as Chief Commercial Officer.Ex: In the meantime, however, a position has been reserved for the number in the structure of the authority record.* * *meanwhile, in the meantimeentretanto, vaya limpiando meanwhile o in the meantime, you can start cleaningentretanto (que) lo hacen while they do iten el entretanto meanwhile, in the meantime* * *
entretanto adverbio
meanwhile, in the meantime
entretanto adverbio meanwhile: entretanto, tomemos un aperitivo, in the meantime, let's have an appetizer
' entretanto' also found in these entries:
English:
interim
- meantime
- meanwhile
* * *♦ advmeanwhile;entretanto, yo lavo los platos in the meantime, I'll do the washing up♦ nmen el entretanto in the meantime* * *adv meanwhile, in the meantime* * *entretanto adv: meanwhileentretanto nmen el entretanto : in the meantime* * *entretanto adv meanwhile -
7 interinamente
adv.in the intervening time (entretanto), in the interim, meantime, provisionally.* * *ADV1) (=temporalmente) temporarilyel Presidente ha sido sustituido interinamente por el ministro del Interior — the President has temporarily been replaced by the Interior Minister
2) (=entretanto) in the interim, meanwhile* * *adverbio temporarily* * *= ad interim.Ex. Niklaus Meier assumes the Chief Financial Officer's responsibilities ad interim in addition to his current position as Chief Commercial Officer.* * *adverbio temporarily* * *= ad interim.Ex: Niklaus Meier assumes the Chief Financial Officer's responsibilities ad interim in addition to his current position as Chief Commercial Officer.
* * *temporarily* * *interinamente advtemporarily, provisionally* * *interinamente adv: temporarily -
8 mientras tanto
adv.1 meanwhile, in the process, in the meantime, in between.2 ad.int..conj.while.* * *meanwhile, in the meantime* * *= in (the) meantime, meanwhile, meantime, ad interimEx. In the meantime, however, a position has been reserved for the number in the structure of the authority record.Ex. Meanwhile in 1951, the Library Association reconstituted its Catalogue Code Revision Committee and started discussion.Ex. Meantime, our new library stand as as a confident symbol of the importance of ALL librarires to the nation's cultural, educational and economic success.Ex. Niklaus Meier assumes the Chief Financial Officer's responsibilities ad interim in addition to his current position as Chief Commercial Officer.* * *= in (the) meantime, meanwhile, meantime, ad interimEx: In the meantime, however, a position has been reserved for the number in the structure of the authority record.
Ex: Meanwhile in 1951, the Library Association reconstituted its Catalogue Code Revision Committee and started discussion.Ex: Meantime, our new library stand as as a confident symbol of the importance of ALL librarires to the nation's cultural, educational and economic success.Ex: Niklaus Meier assumes the Chief Financial Officer's responsibilities ad interim in addition to his current position as Chief Commercial Officer. -
9 temporalmente
adv.temporarily, provisionally, ad hoc, pro tem.* * *► adverbio1 temporarily, provisionally* * *ADV temporarily* * *(AmL) temporariamente adverbio temporarily* * *= temporarily, ad interim.Ex. During a search, the user can have the system temporarily save lists of the documents he has found.Ex. Niklaus Meier assumes the Chief Financial Officer's responsibilities ad interim in addition to his current position as Chief Commercial Officer.----* dejar de trabajar temporalmente = career break.* desviarse de un tema temporalmente = go off on + side excursions.* expulsar temporalmente = suspend.* no cuestionarse la veracidad de Algo temporalmente = suspend + disbelief.* sin poner en duda la veracidad de Algo temporalmente = suspension of disbelief.* * *(AmL) temporariamente adverbio temporarily* * *= temporarily, ad interim.Ex: During a search, the user can have the system temporarily save lists of the documents he has found.
Ex: Niklaus Meier assumes the Chief Financial Officer's responsibilities ad interim in addition to his current position as Chief Commercial Officer.* dejar de trabajar temporalmente = career break.* desviarse de un tema temporalmente = go off on + side excursions.* expulsar temporalmente = suspend.* no cuestionarse la veracidad de Algo temporalmente = suspend + disbelief.* sin poner en duda la veracidad de Algo temporalmente = suspension of disbelief.* * *temporarily* * *
temporalmente adverbio temporarily
' temporalmente' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
albergar
- cerrar
- incapacitar
- sustituir
- interrumpir
English:
foster child
- pro tempore
- stave off
- stay
- lay
- second
- temporarily
* * *[por algún tiempo] temporarily;viven aquí temporalmente they are living here temporarily;estaba contratado temporalmente he was hired on a temporary basis* * *adv temporarily* * *temporalmente adv: temporarily* * *temporalmente adv temporarily -
10 Modula-2
появился в марте 1981 г. Создатель - профессор Никлаус Вирт (Niklaus Wirth) из Швейцарского Федерального технического института в Цюрихе. Название происходит от MODUlar LAnguage. Процедурный ЯВУ, развитие языков Паскаль и Модула (1975 г.). Достоинства: поддержка многозадачности и мультипроцессорных систем. Развитие языка - Modula-2+, Modula-3см. тж. OberonАнгло-русский толковый словарь терминов и сокращений по ВТ, Интернету и программированию. > Modula-2
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11 Oberon
язык Оберон [ Oberon]язык ООП, разработан Н. Виртом (Niklaus Wirth) после Модулы-2 и также имеет сходный с Паскалем синтаксис. В Обероне отсутствует часть конструкций, присутствующих в Модуле-2. Одной из целей разработки являлось упрощение языка, исключение ситуаций, когда близкие по смыслу возможности реализовывались одновременно несколькими способами. Развитием языка является Oberon-2. Помимо собственно языка программирования Оберон, существует операционная система Oberon, предназначенная как для установки на "голую" машину, так и поверх ОС и реализованная под различные платформы (Win32, DOS, Linux)Англо-русский толковый словарь терминов и сокращений по ВТ, Интернету и программированию. > Oberon
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12 Pascal
создан в 1970 г. профессором информатики Никлаусом Виртом (Niklaus Wirth) из Швейцарского федерального технического института в Цюрихе. Назван в честь французского математика и философа XVII века Блеза Паскаля (Blaise Pascal, 1623-1662 гг.), конструктора одной из первых в мире механических суммирующих машин. Процедурный ЯВУ, поддерживающий структурное программирование (structured programming). Широко используется для обучения студентов программированию. С 1983 г. введён в учебные курсы во всех средних школах США для учащихся, специализирующихся в области информатики. Оказал большое влияние на разработку новых языков программирования, в частности DelphiАнгло-русский толковый словарь терминов и сокращений по ВТ, Интернету и программированию. > Pascal
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13 Electronics and information technology
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Byron, Ada AugustaNapier, JohnRiche, Gaspard-Clair-François-MarieSchickhard, WilhelmBiographical history of technology > Electronics and information technology
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14 Land transport
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Austin, HerbertHamilton, Harold LeeIssigonis, Sir Alexander Arnold ConstantineMa JunMorris, William RichardSauerbrun, Charles de -
15 Marsh, Sylvester
[br]b. 30 September 1803 Campton, New Hampshire, USAd. 30 December 1884 Concord, New Hampshire, USA[br]American pioneer of mountain rack railways.[br]Marsh, a businessman whose interests successively included packing pork and dealing in corn, was inspired by a rack railway built in 1847 up the 1 in 16.5 Jefferson incline, Indiana, to design and build a line to the 6,293 ft (1,918 m) summit of Mount Washington, New Hampshire. The gradient averaged 1 in 4 and Marsh installed a rack made from wrought iron with rungs fastened between upright bearers that were deep enough for the teeth of a locomotive's driving pinion to engage with two rungs at a time; counter-pressure brakes controlled a locomotive's descent. The Mount Washington Cog Railway was the first mountain rack railway: it opened in 1869 and even now continues to operate with steam locomotives.[br]BibliographyMarsh took out four US patents relating to rack railways between 1861 and 1870.Further ReadingO.J.Morris, 1951, The Snowdon Mountain Railway, Shepperton: Ian Allan. P.B.Whitehouse, J.B.Snell and J.B.Hollingsworth, 1978, Steam for Pleasure, London: Routledge \& Kegan Paul.J.R.Day and B.C.Wilson, 1957, Unusual Railways, F.Muller.See also: Riggenbach, NiklausPJGR -
16 Railways and locomotives
Biographical history of technology > Railways and locomotives
См. также в других словарях:
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Niklaus — may refer to: In Swiss geography: Feldbrunnen St. Niklaus St. Niklaus People with the given name Niklaus: Niklaus Aeschbacher, Swiss conductor Niklaus Manuel, Swiss dramaturg, painter, graphic artist and politician Niklaus Riggenbach, inventor of … Wikipedia
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Niklaus, St. — St. Niklaus, Pfarrdorf im Bezirk Visp des Schweizercantons Wallis, Hauptort des Matterthales (s.d.), links an der Gorner Visp, zwischen hohen Gletscherbergen; 260 Ew … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
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Niklaus Weckmann — (Lesart des Vornamens auch Nikolaus) war ein deutscher Bildhauer in der Zeit von 1481 bis 1526 in Ulm. Er arbeitete zunächst für Aufträge von Jörg Syrlin dem Jüngeren und entwickelte seine Werkstatt in Ulm mit der Zeit zur tonangebenden… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Niklaus Wengi — „Niklaus Wengi hält die Solothurner 1533 vom Religionskrieg zurück“ von Martin Disteli. Niklaus von Wengi der Jüngere (* um 1485 in Solothurn; † 1549 ebenda) war ein solothurnischer Politiker. Bekannt wurde Wengi als „Held der solothurnischen… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Niklaus Sprünglin — Niklaus Sprüngli; Stich um 1779. Niklaus Sprüngli (getauft am 6. September 1725 in Sankt Stephan BE; † 8. Dezember 1802 in Bern) war ein Schweizer Architekt und Berner «Steinwerkmeister» (Stadtbaumeister), sowie Architekturzeichner … Deutsch Wikipedia
Niklaus Meienberg — (* 11. Mai 1940 in St. Gallen; † 22. September 1993 in Zürich) war ein Schweizer Historiker, Schriftsteller und Journalist. Meienberg lebte in Zürich und veröffentlichte zu Lebzeiten 14 Bücher und zahlreiche Reportagen. Seine Arbeiten über die… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Niklaus Riggenbach — (* 21. Mai 1817 in Gebweiler (heute: Guebwiller) im Elsass; Bürger von Rünenberg; † 25. Juli 1899 in Olten, Schweiz) war der Erfinder des Zahnradbahnsystems Riggenbach (Leiterzahnstange) und der … Deutsch Wikipedia