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1 Barry
This is a fault in woven fabrics that shows in bars either across or down the piece. It is especially fatal in artificial silk or rayon fabrics. To minimise this, two shuttles are used when weaving rayon fabrics. In the woollen industry a barry piece is one where finishing streaks are left either warp way or weft way. -
2 Barry, Sir Charles
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building[br]b. 23 May 1795 Westminster, London, Englandd. 12 May 1860 Clapham, London, England[br]English architect who was a leader in the field between the years 1830 and 1860.[br]Barry was typical of the outstanding architects of this time. His work was eclectic, and he suited the style—whether Gothic or classical—to the commission and utilized the then-traditional materials and methods of construction. He is best known as architect of the new Palace of Westminster; he won the competition to rebuild it after the disastrous fire of the old palace in 1834. Bearing this in mind in the rebuilding, Barry utilized that characteristic nineteenth-century material, iron for joists and roofing plates.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1852. Member of the Royal Academy; the Royal Society; the Academies of St Luke, Rome; St Petersburg (and others); and the American Institute of Architects. RIBA Gold Medal 1850.Further ReadingMarcus Whiffen, The Architecture of Sir Charles Barry in Manchester and Neighbourhood, Royal Manchester Institution.H.M.Port (ed.), 1976, The Houses of Parliament, Yale University Press.H.M.Colvin (ed.), The History of the King's Works, Vol. 6, HMSO.DY -
3 Architecture and building
Biographical history of technology > Architecture and building
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4 Coade, Eleanor
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building[br]b. 24 June 1733 Exeter, Devon, Englandd. 18 November 1821 Camberwell, London, England[br]English proprietor of the Coade Factory, making artificial stone.[br]Born Elinor Coade, she never married but adopted, as was customary in business in the eighteenth century, the courtesy title of Mrs. Following the bankruptcy and death of her father, George Coade, in Exeter, Eleanor and her mother (also called Eleanor) moved to London and founded the works at Lambeth, South London, in 1769 that later became famous as the Coade factory. The factory was located at King's Arms Stairs, Narrow Wall. During the eighteenth century, several attempts had been made in other businesses to manufacture a durable, malleable artificial stone that would be acceptable to architects for decorative use. These substances were not very successful, but Coade stone was different. Although stories are legion about the secret formula supposedly used in this artificial stone, modern methods have established the exact formula.Coade stone was a stoneware ceramic material fired in a kiln. The body was remarkable in that it shrank only 8 per cent in drying and firing: this was achieved by using a combination of china clay, sand, crushed glass and grog (i.e. crushed and ground, previously fired stoneware). The Coade formula thus included a considerable proportion of material that, having been fired once already, was unshrinkable. Mrs Coade's name for the firm, Coade's Lithodipyra Terra-Cotta or Artificial Stone Manufactory (where "Lithodipyra" is a term derived from three Greek words meaning "stone", "twice" and "fire"), made reference to the custom of including such material (such as in Josiah Wedgwood's basalt and jasper ware). The especially low rate of shrinkage rendered the material ideal for making extra-life-size statuary, and large architectural, decorative features to be incorporated into stone buildings.Coade stone was widely used for such purposes by leading architects in Britain and Ireland from the 1770s until the 1830s, including Robert Adam, Sir Charles Barry, Sir William Chambers, Sir John Soane, John Nash and James Wyatt. Some architects introduced the material abroad, as far as, for example, Charles Bulfinch's United States Bank in Boston, Massachusetts, and Charles Cameron's redecoration for the Empress Catherine of the great palace Tsarkoe Selo (now Pushkin), near St Petersburg. The material so resembles stone that it is often mistaken for it, but it is so hard and resistant to weather that it retains sharpness of detail much longer than the natural substance. The many famous British buildings where Coade stone was used include the Royal Hospital, Chelsea, Carlton House and the Sir John Soane Museum (all of which are located in London), St George's Chapel at Windsor, Alnwick Castle in Northumberland, and Culzean Castle in Ayrshire, Scotland.Apart from the qualities of the material, the Coade firm established a high reputation for the equally fine quality of its classical statuary. Mrs Coade employed excellent craftsmen such as the sculptor John Bacon (1740–99), whose work was mass-produced by the use of moulds. One famous example which was widely reproduced was the female caryatid from the south porch of the Erechtheion on the acropolis of Athens. A drawing of this had appeared in the second edition of Stuart and Revett's Antiquities of Athens in 1789, and many copies were made from the original Coade model; Soane used them more than once, for example on the Bank of England and his own houses in London.Eleanor Coade was a remarkable woman, and was important and influential on the neo-classical scene. She had close and amicable relations with leading architects of the day, notably Robert Adam and James Wyatt. The Coade factory was enlarged and altered over the years, but the site was finally cleared during 1949–50 in preparation for the establishment of the 1951 Festival of Britain.[br]Further ReadingA.Kelly, 1990, Mrs Coade's Stone, pub. in conjunction with the Georgian Group (an interesting, carefully written history; includes a detailed appendix on architects who used Coade stone and buildings where surviving work may be seen).DY -
5 Kirk, Alexander Carnegie
[br]b. c.1830 Barry, Angus, Scotlandd. 5 October 1892 Glasgow, Scotland[br]Scottish marine engineer, advocate of multiple-expansion in steam reciprocating engines.[br]Kirk was a son of the manse, and after attending school at Arbroath he proceeded to Edinburgh University. Following graduation he served an apprenticeship at the Vulcan Foundry, Glasgow, before serving first as Chief Draughtsman with the Thames shipbuilders and engineers Maudslay Sons \& Field, and later as Engineer of Paraffin Young's Works at Bathgate and West Calder in Lothian. He was credited with the inventions of many ingenious appliances and techniques for improving production in these two establishments. About 1866 Kirk returned to Glasgow as Manager of the Cranstonhill Engine Works, then moved to Elder's Shipyard (later known as the Fairfield Company) as Engineering Manager. There he made history in producing the world's first triple-expansion engines for the single-screw steamship Propontis in 1874. That decade was to confirm the Clyde's leading role as shipbuilders to the world and to establish the iron ship with efficient reciprocating machinery as the workhorse of the British Merchant Marine. Upon the death of the great Clyde shipbuilder Robert Napier in 1876, Kirk and others took over as partners in the shipbuilding yard and engine shops of Robert Napier \& Sons. There in 1881 they built a ship that is acknowledged as one of the masterpieces of British shipbuilding: the SS Aberdeen for George Thompson's Aberdeen Line to the Far East. In this ship the fullest advantage was taken of high steam temperatures and pressures, which were expanded progressively in a three-cylinder configuration. The Aberdeen, in its many voyages from London to China and Japan, was to prove the efficiency of these engines that had been so carefully designed in Glasgow. In the following years Dr Kirk (he has always been known as Doctor, although his honorary LLD was only awarded by Glasgow University in 1888) persuaded the Admiralty and several shipping companies to accept not only triple-expansion machinery but also the use of mild steel in ship construction. The successful SS Parisian, built for the Allan Line of Glasgow, was one of these pioneer ships.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.FMWBiographical history of technology > Kirk, Alexander Carnegie
См. также в других словарях:
Barry — steht für: Barry (Vorname), der Vorname Barry Barry (Familienname), der Familienname Barry Barry (Bernhardiner) (1800–1814), ein Lawinenhund Barry (Mischlingshund) († 1947), ein Hund im Vernichtungslager Treblinka Barry Award, US amerikanischer… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Barry — Barry, Charles * * * (as used in expressions) Barry, (Marie) Jeanne Bécu, condesa du Madame du Barry Barry, John Bonds, Barry Barry Lamar Bonds Commoner, Barry Goldwater, Barry M(orris) Hertzog, J(ames) B(arry) M(unnik) Levinson, Barry … Enciclopedia Universal
Barry — Barry, IL U.S. city in Illinois Population (2000): 1368 Housing Units (2000): 623 Land area (2000): 1.141860 sq. miles (2.957404 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 1.141860 sq. miles (2.957404 sq.… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Barry Le Va — (* 1941 in Long Beach, Kalifornien, USA; lebt seit 1970 in New York City) ist ein US amerikanischer zeitgenössischer Zeichner, Grafiker, Bildhauer und Objektkünstler. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Leben und Werk 2 Preise und Auszeichnungen … Deutsch Wikipedia
Barry — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Castillo de Barry Barry es una localidad cercana a Cardiff, en el sur de Gales. Está situada en la costa del Canal de Bristol. El pueblo tiene una población aproximada de 50.000 habitantes. Se trata de un destino de… … Wikipedia Español
Barry's — may refer to:* Barry s Tea, an Irish tea company * Barry s Amusements, the largest theme park in Northern Ireland … Wikipedia
Barry, IL — U.S. city in Illinois Population (2000): 1368 Housing Units (2000): 623 Land area (2000): 1.141860 sq. miles (2.957404 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 1.141860 sq. miles (2.957404 sq. km) FIPS… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Barry, MN — U.S. city in Minnesota Population (2000): 25 Housing Units (2000): 17 Land area (2000): 0.246844 sq. miles (0.639322 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 0.246844 sq. miles (0.639322 sq. km) FIPS code … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Barry, TX — U.S. city in Texas Population (2000): 209 Housing Units (2000): 86 Land area (2000): 0.447372 sq. miles (1.158689 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 0.447372 sq. miles (1.158689 sq. km) FIPS code:… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Barry — Nom surtout porté dans le Gard et en Limousin. Désigne celui qui habite le lieu dit (le) Barri. Sens du toponyme : le faubourg, le noyau d habitation situé en dehors de la ville fortifiée. Barry (2) Nom porté en Angleterre, où il a souvent le… … Noms de famille
Barry — Bar ry, a. (Her.) Divided into bars; said of the field. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
