-
1 Alpaca
ALPACA (U.S.A.)A fabric is produced in U.S.A. under this name, which is just a plain weave cloth with viscose weft. It is made 34-in. loom state and finished "Scotch Finish", 64 X 50, 42/150 den., usually bleached or black. ———————— Hair yielded by a Peruvian goat. The quality varies from low to fine, and is from fair to very fine in staple, which is from 7 to 15-in. long. It is lustrous and very soft in handle, and obtained in white, brown, and black colours. The wool has two staples; the shorter, known as Kumbi, is 7-in. long; the other, Hanaska, is 15-in. long, and shipped from Arequipa. -
2 Alpaca (Extract Wool)
Alpaca "wool" weft is obtained by disintegrating fabrics made of mixture materials, and may contain animal and vegetable fibres. The term is also applied to a lustre fabric woven with a cotton warp and alpaca wool weft, plain weave. When dyed in solid colours it is cross-dyed, the cotton warp being dyed before weaving, and the piece is piece-dyed after leaving the loom. The warp is usually 2/80's Egyptian. The cloth wears well and not liable to gather dust, so is used for linings and men's summer coats. A typical cloth is woven 56-in., 72 X 70, 2/80/ 28's alpaca. The true alpaca is a long, white or coloured smooth hair obtained from the Auchenia paco of South America (see Alpaca Wool)Dictionary of the English textile terms > Alpaca (Extract Wool)
-
3 Alpaca Orleans
One of the first alpaca fabrics successfully made in England in the 19th century (1839). Woven with a cotton warp and alpaca weft. First made by Titus Salt, who at that time was the only spinner of alpaca weft in Bradford. -
4 Alpaca Cloth
The name is derived from the Spanish term for the Vicuna. The wool is mixed with silk or cotton and the yarn woven into a thin durable cloth for both men's and women's wear. Sir Titus Salt introduced the wool into Yorkshire, and it is now used for the manufacture of alpacas, lustres, silk warp alpaca, alpaca mixtures, mohair linings and numerous other cloths. -
5 Alpaca Wool
This is obtained from the domesticated alpaca, an animal resembling the angora goat, but smaller, and is variously white, reddish-brown, or black; fibre 6 to 8-in. long, with a uniform diameter, slightly wavy, smooth and fine. It is chiefly used for ladies' dress cloths and lounge jackets. Spun into counts 28's and heavier, also 2/40's and 2/36's from the finer wools. Hosiery yarns are also made from alpaca wool, mostly soft spun in natural shades. -
6 Alpaca Yarns
These are spun from the raw material obtained from the Alpaca goat. The natural colours are white, reddish-brown and black. The fine yarns are 2/40's and 2/36's and medium yarns from 1/28's and heavier (see Alpaca Wool) -
7 Alpaca Linings
There are many fabrics made with a cotton warp and alpaca weft used for linings. Each is made in a twill weave. The most important arc given below with average particulars:
▪
-
8 Alpaca Mixture
A fabric of English make in the 19th century. It was plain weave of cotton warp and alpaca weft. A better quality had silk warp. -
9 Arequipa Alpaca
The best quality of alpaca is obtained from this town (see Alpaca) -
10 Corded Alpaca
A fabric made with a cotton warp and alpaca weft. The cotton warp forms cords down the piece, and is covered by the weft which thus produces both face and back of the fabric. -
11 Taffetas Alpaca
Half-silk plain fabric with cotton weft usually in black and white colours. Also made with rayon warp. -
12 Salt, Sir Titus
[br]b. 20 September 1803 Morley, Yorkshire, Englandd. 29 December 1876 Saltaire, Yorkshire, England[br]English industrialist, social reformer and entrepreneur who made his fortune by overcoming the problems of utilizing alpaca wool in the production of worsted, and established the early model town at Saltaire.[br]Titus Salt arrived in Bradford with his father, who was a wool merchant in the town, in 1822. He soon set up his own company and it was there that he experimented with the textile worsted. Alpaca wool comes from an animal of the camel family that resembles the llama, and flocks of domesticated breeds of the animal had been raised in the high Andes since the days of the Incas. The wool was introduced into Europe via Spain and, later, Germany and France. The first attempts to spin and weave the yarn in England were made in 1808, but despite experimentation over the years the material was difficult to work. It was in 1836 that Salt evolved his method of utilizing a cotton warp with part alpaca weft. The method proved a great success and Bradford gained a reputation as a manufacturing centre for alpaca wool, exporting both yarn and cloth in quantity, especially to the USA. By 1850 Salt, who owned six mills, was Bradford's biggest employer and was certainly its richest citizen. He decided to move out of the city and built a new mill works, the architects of which were Lockwood and Mawson, on the banks of the River Aire a few miles from the city. Around the works, between 1851 and 1871, he built houses, a hospital, library, church, institute and almshouses for his workers. The buildings were solid, good-standard structures of local stone and the houses were pleasantly situated, with their amenities making them seem palaces compared to the slums in which other Bradford textile workers lived at the time. The collection of buildings was the first example in Britain of a "model new town", and was, indeed still is, a remarkable prototype of its kind. Apart from being a philanthropist and social reformer, Salt was also concerned with taking advantage of the technical developments of his time. His mill works, which eventually covered ten acres of land, was of fashionably Italianate architectural style (its chimney even a copy of the campanile of the Church of Santa Maria Gloriosa in Venice), although its structure was of iron framing. The weaving shed held 1,200 looms and had capacity for 3,000 workers, who produced 30,000 yards of cloth per day. Water from the river was used to produce steam to power the matchinery used in the manufacturing processes of scouring, dyeing and finishing. For the export of goods, the nearby Leeds-Liverpool Canal linked the works to Britain's chief ports, and the Midland Railway (an extension of the LeedsBradford line which opened in 1846) was of great use for the same purpose.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsCreated Baronet 1869.Further ReadingDictionary of National Biography.Visitors Guide to Salt aire, Bradford City Council.DY -
13 Albert Twill
A Bradford dress or lining fabric in 4-shaft twill weave, made from a cotton warp and alpaca weft, 33-in. 90 yards, 72 X 100, 44's / 36's T.W. weft alpaca, usually 72 reed, but picks vary from 80 to 140. Warp varies from 36's to 44's cotton dyed black and the weft from 32's to 40's alpaca. Albert Twill - The cloth sold under this name in America is woven 1 X 3 twill to the right (see design) 35 fin., 64 X 72, 30's / 30's, all cotton. The weft always predominates - used for cheap linings and dyed all colours
-
14 Irene Twills
An alpaca lining fabric in a twill weave, woven with cotton warp'and alpaca weft. One quality is made 88 ends and 72 picks per inch, 2/80's cotton, 30's alpaca. -
15 Puritan
An alpaca lining fabric in which coloured and grey yarns arc used. Made with cotton warp and alpaca weft in plain or fancy twill weaves. Qualities vary from 56 to 70 ends per inch, 68 to 90 picks per inch, 2/50's, 2/80's and 2/90's cotton warp and 20's to 30's alpaca weft. The plain weave styles are usually of lower quality than the twills. -
16 Alexandra Twill
-
17 Grenada
A black dyed cotton warp with alpaca, mohair, or English lustre weft, used for dress purposes. The weave is a 5-end weft twill 3 down and 2 up, as shown at E (See Alpaca). A popular quality is made to finish 50-in. (56-in. grey) from 2/40's black cotton warp, 12's mohair weft, and woven in design. Set 76 ends and 52 picks per inch. Piece-dyed in all colours for dress purposes. (Cross-dyeing).
-
18 Hilda Lining
A union fabric made from cotton warp and alpaca weft in several qualities. The cotton is yam dyed and hard twisted. One quality is made 68 ends and 64 picks per inch, 20's cotton warp, 40's alpaca weft, plain weave or in twill weave. -
19 Lustre Orleans
This is a name used principally by French traders for the alpaca fabric. Made with 2/80's cotton warp and 60's alpaca weft, about 60 ends and 110 picks per inch. -
20 Mabel Twills
A lining fabric made in 1 X 5 twill weave from a cotton warp and alpaca weft. About 80 ends and 72 picks per inch, 2/60's cotton warp, 26's alpaca weft (see Twills for weave)
См. также в других словарях:
Alpaca — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Alpaca hace referencia a: Alpaca (animal): mamífero rumiante de la cordillera de los Andes. Alpaca (paño): paño hecho con el pelo de la alpaca. Alpaca (aleación): aleación compuesta por zinc, cobre y níquel, con un… … Wikipedia Español
Alpaca — Al*pac a, n. [Sp. alpaca, fr. the original Peruvian name of the animal. Cf. {Paco}.] 1. (Zo[ o]l.) An animal of Peru ({Lama paco}), having long, fine, wooly hair, supposed by some to be a domesticated variety of the llama. [1913 Webster] 2. Wool… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
alpaca — sustantivo femenino 1. (macho y hembra) Lama pacos. Mamífero rumiante sudamericano, parecido a la llama, pero más pequeño. 2. (no contable) Pelo largo, brillante y suave que se obtiene de este animal. 3. (no contable) Tela fabricada con este pelo … Diccionario Salamanca de la Lengua Española
alpaca — (n.) 1792, from Sp. alpaca, probably from Aymara allpaca, related to Quechua p ake yellowish red. The al is perhaps from influence of Arabic definite article (see ALMOND (Cf. almond)). Attested in English from 1753 in the form pacos … Etymology dictionary
alpaca — s. f. 1. Ruminante do gênero do lama, domesticado na América do Sul por causa da sua comprida lã. 2. Lã de alpaca. 3. Tecido dessa lã. 4. Liga de cobre, zinco, níquel e prata empregada na fabricação de talheres, moedas, etc … Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa
alpaca — ► NOUN (pl. same or alpacas) 1) a long haired domesticated South American mammal related to the llama. 2) the wool of the alpaca. ORIGIN Spanish, from an American Indian word … English terms dictionary
alpaca — [al pak′ə] n. pl. alpacas or alpaca [Sp < Aymara allpaca] 1. a domesticated South American llama (Lama glama pacos) with valuable, long, silky, brown or black wool 2. its wool 3. a thin cloth woven from this wool, often mixed with other fibers … English World dictionary
Alpaca — Alpaca, sowohl das den Säugetieren und zwar der Gattung Lama angehörige Tier (Auchenia Paco), dessen Wolle früher häufig zu verschiedenen Geweben verwendet wurde, als auch gewisse, aus Streichwolle hergestellte, langhaarige Wintermäntelstoffe;… … Lexikon der gesamten Technik
Alpaca — Taxobox name = Alpaca status = DOM image width = 250px image caption = An unshorn Alpaca grazing regnum = Animalia phylum = Chordata classis = Mammalia ordo = Artiodactyla familia = Camelidae genus = Vicugna species = V. pacos binomial = Vicugna… … Wikipedia
alpaca — /al pak euh/, n. 1. a domesticated South American hoofed mammal, Lama pacos, having long, soft, silky fleece, related to the llama and believed to be a variety of the guanaco. 2. the fleece of this animal. 3. a fabric or yarn made of it. 4. a… … Universalium
alpaca — ⇒ALPAGA, ALPACA, ALPAGUE, subst. masc. A. ZOOL. Mammifère ruminant de la famille des camélidés, intermédiaire entre le lama et la vigogne, vivant dans la Cordillère des Andes et dont la toison est formée de poils laineux très longs et très fins … Encyclopédie Universelle
