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1 κοῦφος
A light, nimble, Hom. only in neut. pl. as Adv., κοῦφα ποσὶ προβιβάς stepping lightly on, Il.13.158, cf. Hes.Sc. 323;κοῦφα βιβῶν Pi.O.14.16
;κ. ποσὶν ἄγ' ἐς κύκλον Ar.Th. 954
(lyr.); alsoκούφοις ποσί Pi.O.13.114
;κουφοτάταις πτερύγων ἀκμαῖς Ar.Ra. 1353
;πήδημα κ. ἐκ νεὼς ἀφήλατο A.Pers. 305
;κ. ἐξᾶραι πόδα S.Ant. 224
;κ. ἅλμα E.El. 439
(lyr.);κ. αἴρειν βῆμα Id.Tr. 343
;οὐ τοῖς κούφοις ὁ δρόμος LXX Ec.9.11
: metaph., κουφότεραι.. ἀπειράτων φρένες too buoyant, Pi.O. 8.61.2 metaph., easy, light, τελεῖν.. κούφαν κτίσιν to make achievement easy, ib.13.83;κ. εἰ δοίης τέλος A.Th. 260
; κ. νύξ an easier night, of a sick person, Jul.Mis. 342a ([comp] Comp.);περίπατος Sor.1.46
;τὸ ὅσιον ἅπαν κ. ἔργον OGI383.120
(Nemrud Dagh, i B. C.); of government, light, κουφοτέραν βασιλείαν less oppressive, Isoc.9.51;ἡ εὔκλεια κουφοτέρα φέρειν X.Cyr.8.2.22
; of an antagonist, easy-going,κουφότατος ἦν κρατήσας Id.Ages.11.12
;δεσπότην ἀπράγμονα καὶ κ. ἐξαπατᾷ θεράπων Men.Per.Fr.1
.3 unsubstantial, airy, vain,τὸ νέον.. κούφας ἀφροσύνας φέρον S.OC 1230
(lyr.);οὐδὲν ἄλλο πλὴν.. κούφην σκιάν Id.Aj. 126
;ἐλπίδος τι εἶχον κούφης Th.2.51
;κ. καὶ πτηνοὶ λόγοι Pl.Lg. 717c
; κ. πρᾶγμα a trifle, ib. 935a; κ. γράμματα a small letter, E.IT 594; of persons, = κουφόνους, Hdn.5.7.1; τὸ κοῦφον τοῦ νοῦ levity, Paus.5.21.14, cf. Hdn.7.8.6.4 light in point of weight, opp. βαρύς, Pl. Phlb. 14d, R. 438c ([comp] Comp.), etc.; κούφα σοι χθὼν ἐπάνωθε πέσοι may earth lie lightly on thee, E.Alc. 462 (lyr.), cf. Hel. 853;κούφη σοι κόνις ἥδε πέλοι IG14.1942.4
; κούφη σεῖο γαῖ' ὀστέα κεύθοι ib.329 ([place name] Himera); κ. πνεύματα light airs, S.Aj. 558;ὀστᾶ τε καὶ κ. κόνις Men.538.3
;τὸ κουφότατον.. τῶν κακῶν.. πενία Id.Kith.Fr.2
.b Medic. in various uses, σικύαι κοῦφαι dry cuppings, Philum. ap. Orib.45.29.17, cf. Sor.2.11, etc.; also κούφου μένοντος τοῦ ἰοῦ on the surface, Philum.Ven.7.3; μὴν κ. the eighth month of pregnancy, Sor.1.56; of food, easy to digest, light, Arist.EN 1141b18, etc.c of troops, light-armed,οἱ κ. τῶν στρατιωτῶν Hell.Oxy.6.4
;ὡπλισμένοι κουφοτέροις ὅπλοις X. Mem.3.5.27
;κούφη στρατιά Plu.Fab.11
;τὰ κ. τῆς δυνάμεως Plb.10.25.2
.d of ships, lightly-laden, Th.6.37, 8.27.5 light, slight,ἁμαρτήματα Pl.Lg. 863c
; κουφότερα γυμνάσια, opp. ἀναγκαῖα, Arist. Pol. 1338b40; κ. ἐργασίαι ib. 1321a25.6 empty,κεράμια Gp.7.24.2
, cf. PLond.5.1656.6 (iv A. D.), PFlor.314.8(v. A. D.): hence as Subst., κοῦφον (sc. κεράμιον), τό, jar, in pl., POxy.1631.16 (iii A. D.), PFay. 133.6 (iv A. D.), PStrassb.1.10 (vi A. D.).7 [voice] Act., relieving, assisting,χερὶ κούφᾳ Pi.P.9.11
: prob. to be taken in this sense in Theoc. 11.3.II Adv. - φως lightly, nimbly,κ. ὀροῦσαι A.Eu. 112
; κ. ἐσκευασμένοι, of soldiers, Th.4.33;ὡπλισμένοι X.Mem.3.5.26
, etc.; κ. ἔχειν to be relieved, Arist.Pr. 873a16.2 metaph., lightly, with light heart,κουφότερον μετεφώνεε Od.8.201
;κ. νοῆσαι Sapph.Supp. 5.14
; κ. φέρειν, opp. δεινῶς φ., E.Med. 449, 1018;ὡς κουφότατα φέρειν Hdt.1.35
; διάγουσα κούφως doing well, of a patient, Hp.Epid.1.26.δ. -
2 πεῖρα
πεῖρα, ας ([dialect] Ion. πεῖρα, acc. πεῖραν, gen. -ης), [dialect] Aeol. [full] πέρρα Choerob. in An. Ox. 2.252: ἡ:—A trial, attempt,π. τοι μαθήσιος ἀρχά Alcm.63
; opp. δόξα, Thgn.571 ; ;πικρὰν πεῖραν τολμήσειν Id.El. 471
;πείρᾳ σφαλῆναι Th. 1.70
; ἢν μὲν ξυμβῇ ἡ π. Id.3.3 ;πείρᾳ θην πάντα τελεῖται Theoc. 15.62
; πεῖραν ἔχοντες being proved, Pi. N. 4.76 ; but πεῖραν ἔχειν τινός to have experience of.., X. Cyr.4.1.5 ; π. τινῶν ἔχειν ὅτι .. Id.An. 3.2.16 ; π. ἔχει τῆς γνώμης involves a trial of your resolution, Th. 1.140 ; πεῖράν τινος λαμβάνειν or λαβεῖν to make trial or proof of.., E. Fr. 691, Isoc. 12.236, Pl. Grg. 448a, X. An.6.6.33, etc. ; also, gain experience of.., ἐν ἑαυτῷ ib. 5.8.15 ;π. λ. τινός, ὅπως ἔχει Pl. Prt. 342a
;π. λ. τινός, εἰ ἄρα τι λέγει Id.Thg. 129d
; πεῖράν τινος διδόναι (cf. Lat. specimen sui edere) Darei Epist. in SIG 22.21, Th. 1.138, Isoc. 3.45 ;π. τῆς δόξης δοῦναι Th. 6.11
;π. ἔργῳ δεδωκέναι D.18.107
, cf. 195 ;π. ἀλλήλων λαμβάνοντες καὶ διδόντες Pl. Prt. 348a
;πεῖραν ποιήσασθαι Th. 1.53
; π. ποιεῖσθαι εἰ .. Id.2.20 ;ταῖς π. βασανίζειν Arist. GA 747a3
;πεῖραν καθεῖναι Ael. VH2.13
, cf. NA1.39 ; π. δέξασθαι undertake, Plu.Pyrrh. 5.2 with Preps., ἀπὸ πείρης by experiment, opp. αὐτόματον, Hdt.7.9.γ ; διὰ πείρας ἰέναι Pl. Ax. 369a
;διὰ π. ἔργων ἐλήλυθε Onos. Praef. 7
; ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι διὰ τῆς π. Arist. Pol. 1341a37 ;ἐς πεῖραν ἤλθομεν φίλων E. Heracl. 309
, etc. ; ἰέναι ἐς τὴν π. τοῦ ναυτικοῦ try an action by sea, Th. 7.21 ; ἀκοῆς κρείσσων ἐς π. ἔρχεται turns out on trial greater than report, Id.2.41 ;ἐκ τῆς π. δῆλον Arist. Pr. 938b38
; Κύρου ἐν πείρᾳ γενέσθαι to have been acquainted with Cyrus, X. An. 1.9.1 ;ἐν π. τέλος διαφαίνεται Pi. N. 3.70
; ἐπὶ πείρᾳ by way of test or trial, Ar. Av. 583 ; ἐπὶ π. δούς on trial, Men. 118 ; π. θανάτου πέρι καὶ ζωᾶς a contest for.., Pi.N. 9.28.II attempt on or against one, πεῖράν τιν' ἐχθρῶν ἁρπάσαι a means of attacking.., S. Aj. 2 ;τοιοῦδε φωτὸς π. εὖ φυλακτέον A. Th. 499
; esp. attempt to seduce a woman, Plu. Thes. 26, Cim. 1 : abs., attempt, enterprise, A. Pers. 719 (troch.), Th. 3.20 ; πεῖραν ἀφορμᾶν to go forth upon an enterprise, S. Aj. 290 ; cf. πειρατής. (Cf. Lat. experior, peritus.) -
3 πλεῖστος
A most, greatest, largest, in number, size, extent, etc., π. ὅμιλος, λαός, Il.15.616, 16.377, etc.;π. κακόν Od. 4.697
;πλεῖστοι ἐπιχθονίων ἀνθρώπων Hes.Fr.33.1
;π. εὐκλείας γέρας S.Ph. 478
; most in vogue,Pl.
Prt. 342a;π. τῶν Ἑλληνικῶν φῦλον τὸ Ἀρκαδικόν X.HG7.1.23
, etc.; τῇ γνώμῃ πλεῖστός εἰμι, ἡ π. γνώμη, Hdt.7.220 (s.v.l.), 5.126; πλεῖστον σχήσειν, as [comp] Sup. of πλέον ἔχειν (v. πλείων), Th.7.36.2 with Art.,οἱ π.
the greatest number,Id.
4.90, etc.; τὸ π. τοῦ βίου the greatest part of.., Pl.Lg. 718a, etc. (also same gender as the foll. Noun, ὁ π. τοῦ βίου, ἡ π. τῆς στρατιᾶς, Th.1.5, 7.3);τῇ ὄψει τοῦ θαρσεῖν τὸ π. εἰληφότες Id.4.34
;τῷ πλούτῳ διδοὺς τὸ π. E.Supp. 408
.II Special usages: with relat., ὅσας ἂν πλείστας δύνωνται καταστρέφεσθαι subdue the greatest number that they possibly could, Hdt.6.44;ὡς ἂν δύνωνται πλεῖστα IG12.98.4
, cf. 109.10, 113.37;ὁπόσσω κα πλείστω ἄξιος ᾖ Berl.Sitzb.1927.160
([place name] Cyrene);ὅς κα πλεῖστον διδῷ ἀποδόμενοι Leg.Gort.5.48
;ὡς π. χρόνον Pl.Grg. 481b
;ὅτι π. Th.6.64
, etc.: coupled with εἷς (q.v.),εἷς ἀνὴρ π. πόνον ἐχθροῖς παρασχών A.Pers. 327
: in comp. sense,πλείστον ἄξια ἢ ὥς τις οἴεται Hp.Art.57
(but πλεῖστα ἤ is corrupt in Hdt.2.35).III Adv. usages: most,Il.
19.287, Hes.Th. 231, etc.;ὡς π. X.An.2.2.12
: sts. added to a [comp] Sup.,π. ἐχθίστη S.Ph. 631
;π. ἀνθρώπων.. κάκιστος Id.OC 743
;τὴν π. ἡδίστην θεῶν E.Alc. 790
: πλεῖστα as Adv., Pi.P.9.97, S.OC 720, etc.;πολλάκις μὲν.., π. δὲ.. Pl.Hp.Ma. 281b
; π. χαίρειν, freq. in letters, POxy. 742 (i B.C.), etc.2 with Art., τὸ π. at most,ἡμερῶν τεσσάρων τὸ π. Ar.V. 260
, etc.;τὰ π.
for the most part,Pl.
Criti. 118c, etc.; opp. ἐνίοτε, Arist.HA 563a31.—The form πλείστως is cited by Gal.17(1).855 from Hp.Epid.6.1.10 ( πλεῖστα codd.).IV with Preps.:1 διὰ πλείστου furthest off, in point of space or time, Th.4.115,6.11.3 ἐπὶ πλεῖστον over the greatest distance, to the greatest extent, in point of space, time, or extent,ἐπὶ π. χλιδῆς ἀπίκετο Hdt.6.127
;ἐπὶ π. τοῦ γενησομένου Th.1.138
;ἐκ τοῦ ἐπὶ π. Id.1.2
; ἐπὶ π. ἀνθρώπων ib.1; ὡς ἐπὶ π. or ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π., for the most part, Id.4.14, Pl.Lg. 720d.4 κατὰ τὸ π. for the most part, Plb.11.4.7, etc.5 περὶ πλείστου ποιεῖσθαι, v. περί A. IV.6 ἐν τοῖς πλεῖσται, v. ὁ, ἡ, τό, A. v111. 6.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πλεῖστος
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4 σεμνός
A revered, august, holy:I prop. of gods, e.g. Demeter, h.Cer.1, 486; Hecate, Pi.P.3.79; Thetis, Id.N.5.25; Apollo, A.Th. 800; Poseidon, S.OC55; Pallas Athena, ib. 1090 (lyr.); at Athens the Erinyes were specially the σεμναὶ θεαί, Id.Aj. 837, OC 90, 458, Ar.Eq. 1312, Th. 224, Th.1.126, Autocl. ap. Arist.Rh. 1398b26; or simply Σεμναί, A.Eu. 383 (lyr.), 1041 (lyr.), E.Or. 410; τὸ σ. ὄνομα their name, S.OC41; σ. βάθρον the threshold of their temple, ib. 100; σ. τέλη their rites, ib. 1050 (lyr.).2 of things divine, ὄργια ς. h.Cer. 478, S.Tr. 765;θέμεθλα δίκης Sol.4.14
;ὑγίεια Simon.70
;θυσία Pi.O.7.42
; σ. ἄντρον the cave of Cheiron, Id.P.9.30, cf. O.5.18; σ. δόμος the temple of Apollo, Id.N.1.72; ; σέλμα σ. ἡμένων, of the Olympian gods, Id.Ag. 183 (lyr.); σ. ἔργα, of the gods, Id.Supp. 1037 (lyr.); , E.Hipp.25; τέρμων οὐρανοῦ ib. 746; σ. βίος devoted to the gods, Id. Ion 56; σεμνὰ φθέγγεσθαι, = εὔφημα, A.Ch. 109 (v.l.), cf. Ar.Nu. 315, 364; ἦ πού τι σ. ἔστιν ὃ ξυναμπέχεις; A.Pr. 521; τὸ ς. holiness, D.21.126.II of human or half-human beings, reverend, august,ἐν θρόνῳ σεμνῷ σεμνὸν θωκέοντα Hdt.2.173
, cf. A.Ch. 975, E.Supp. 384, al.;σ. θάλος Ἀλκαϊδᾶν Pi.O.6.68
; ; αἱ φαυλότεραι.. παρὰ τὰς σεμνὰς καθεδοῦνται beside the great ladies, Ar.Ec. 617, cf. Isoc.3.42;οἱ σεμνότατοι ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν Pl.Phdr. 257d
; ἄνθρωπος οὐ ς., i.e. a nobody, Ar.Fr.52D.; opp. χαῦνος, Pl.Sph. 227b ([comp] Comp.); opp. κομψός, X.Oec.8.19;σεμνὸς οὐ προσώπου συναγωγαῖς ἀλλὰ βίου κατασκευαῖς Isoc.9.44
: c. dat., revered by..,σ. πόλει Riv.Fil.57.379
([place name] Crete); also, worthy of respect, honourable, 1 Ep.Ti.3.8, 11, Ep.Phil. 4.8.2 of human things, august, stately, majestic, ; , cf. Ra. 1061 ([comp] Comp.);ταφή X.HG3.3.1
; πράγματα, ἔργα, Ar.V. 1472, Isoc.12.213;σεμνοτέραν τὴν πόλιν ποιῆσαι Is.5.45
; , cf. 29;ψεύδεσι [τοῦ Ὁμήρου] σ. ἔπεστί τι Pi.N.7.22
;λεγόντων.. περὶ αὐτοῦ σ. λόγους Hdt.7.6
; of Tragedy, Pl.Grg. 502b; of style, Arist.Po. 1458a21, cf.Rh. 1404b8 ([comp] Comp.); of certain metres, ib. 1408b32; ἐπὶ τὸ σ. μιμεῖσθαι to imitate it in its noble qualities, Pl.Lg. 814e; σ. τι λέγειν, πράσσειν, Id.R. 382b, E.Tr. 447;σεμνὰ ἄττα μεμαθηκότας Pl.Ep. 342a
; οὐδὲν ς. nothing very wonderful, Arist.EN 1146a15; so τί ἂν εἴη τὸ ς. (sc. τοῦ νοῦ); Id.Metaph. 1074b18; worthy of respect, E.IA 996; σεμνόν ἐστι, c. inf., 'tis a noble, fine thing to.., Pl.Cra. 392a, Isoc.Ep.9.5.III in bad sense, proud, haughty,τὰ σέμν' ἔπη S.Aj. 1107
;σεμνότερος καὶ φοβερώτερος And.4.18
; τὸ ς. haughty reserve, E.Hipp.93, cf. Med. 216.2 in contempt or irony, solemn, pompous,σ. καὶ ἅγιον Pl.Sph. 249a
; τί σεμνὸν καὶ πεφροντικὸς βλέπεις; look grave and solemn, E.Alc. 773;τὸ σ. ἄγαν καὶ τραγικόν Arist.Rh. 1406b7
: very freq. in Com.,ἀνελκτοῖς ὀφρύσι σεμνός Cratin. 355
; ὡς σ. οὑπίτριπτος how grand the rascal is! Ar.Pl. 275;ὡς σ. ὁ κατάρατος Id.Ra. 178
; λόγοι ς. Id.V. 1175;σεμνὸς σεμνῶς χλανίδ' ἕλκων Ephipp.19
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5 σκέπτομαι
σκέπ-τομαι, Il.17.652, Thgn.1095, and [dialect] Ion., Hdt.3.37, al., Hp.Prog.2, Herod.7.92; but [dialect] Att. writers (before Arist.) hardly ever have the [tense] pres. and [tense] impf. σκέπτομαι, ἐσκεπτόμην (exc. Pl.La. 185b, Alc.2.140a; in Th.8.66, Bauer restored [tense] plpf. προὔσκεπτο), but use σκοπῶ or σκοποῦμαι as [tense] pres., and take the other tenses from σκέπτομαι, [tense] fut.A , Th.6.40, etc.; [tense] aor. , S.Aj. 1028, E. Ion 206 (lyr.), Th.6.38, etc.; [tense] pf. , Hp.VM24, etc.: cf. σκοπέω:—but the [tense] pf. is used also in pass. sense, as also some other tenses, v. infr. 11.4.I look about carefully, spy, ; soσκέψασθε δ' ἐς τόνδ' E.Hipp. 943
: c. acc., σκέπτετ' ὀϊστῶν τε ῥοῖζον καὶ δοῦπον ἀκόντων he looked after the whistling of the darts (so as to shun them), Il.16.361;σκέπτεο δὴ νῦν ἄλλον Thgn.1095
;σκεπτόμενος τοὺς νεκρούς Hdt.3.37
; σκέψαι.. βόστρυχον τριχός look well at it, A.Ch. 229;τὴν ἔγχελυν Ar.Ach. 889
; (lyr.);τὰ ἔνδον X.HG4.4.8
; τιν' ἐς δὲ μωρίαν ἐσκεμμένοι looking into you and seeing.., E.Heracl. 147: folld. by an Interrog.,σκέπτεο νῦν.., αἴ κεν ἴδηαι Il.17.652
;σ. πόθεν ἡ στάσις, ἢ τίς ὁ θρύλλος Batr.135
;τί εἴη τὸ κωλῦον X.An.4.5.20
; εἰ εἴη ἴχνη ἀνθρώπων ib.7.3.42: abs., look at, examine, Hdt.4.196; σκέψασθε, παῖδες look, lads! Ar.Eq. 419.II later of the mind, view, examine, consider,σκέψασθε.. τὴν τύχην δυοῖν βροτοῖν S.Aj. 1028
;σκέψαι δὲ τοῦτο πρῶτον Id.OT 584
;ὃ πολλάκις ἐσκεψάμην Th.6.38
, etc.;τὸ δίκαιον E.Or. 494
; μηδὲν ἐσκέφθαι δίκ. D.21.192;πρὸς ἑαυτόν τι Pl.Phd. 95e
; ἐκ τῶνδε σκέψαι from these facts, X.Mem.2.6.38, cf. D.2.17;περί τινος Pl.La. 185c
, Cra. 401a; σκέψασθαι ἀπὸ τῶν παίδων judge by what children do, Ar.Pl. 576;ἐν σοὶ σκεψώμεθα Pl.Sph. 239b
: abs.,σκέψασθέ νυν ἄμεινον E.Or. 1291
;σκεψώμεθα δή Ar.Th. 802
; σκέψασθε δέ· only consider, to call people's attention to a point, Antipho 6.41, Th.1.143: folld. by a clause with οἷος, ὁποῖος, ὡς, A. Pr. 1014, S.Tr. 1077, E.IA 1377, etc.; by ὅτῳ τρόπῳ, Th.1.107; by πῶς.., πόθεν.., πότερον.. ἤ.. , X.An.4.5.22, 5.4.7, 3.2.20, etc.; by εἰ, consider whether or no, S.El. 442, Ar. Pax 29, Eq. 1141, X.An.3.2.22; in full,σ. τοῦτο, εἰ.. S.OT 584
;τί ἐστιν ἡ ἀρετὴ σκεπτόμεθα Arist.EN 1103b28
.2 rarely, think or deem a thing to be so and so,καλλίω θάνατον σκεψάμενος Pl.Lg. 854c
.3 think of beforehand, provide,σκεπτόμεθα τἀναγκαῖ' ἑκάστης ἡμέρας Philem.120
;τὸ συμφέρον Pl.R. 342a
; prepare, premeditate,λόγους D.24.158
; : c. inf., plan, Th.8.63.4 [tense] pf. in pass. sense, πάντα ἐσκεμμένα ἡτοίμασται with consideration, Id.7.62; σκοπεῖτε οὖν. Answ. , cf. X.HG3.3.8, D.21.191, 61.7: also 3 [tense] fut. [voice] Pass. ; [tense] aor. ἐσκέφθην, ες τὸ σκεφθῆναι for observation, Hp. de Arte 11; [tense] aor. 2 and [tense] fut. 2 ἐσκέπην ([etym.] ἐπ-) , σκεπήσομαι ([etym.] ἐπι-), LXX Nu.1.19, 1 Ki.20.18.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σκέπτομαι
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6 ἀποκηρύσσω
A offer a thing for public sale, sell by auction, Hdt.1.194, Pl.Com. 121;ἀ. ὅ τι ἂν ἀλφάνῃ Eup.258
:—[voice] Pass., to be sold by auction, Lys. 17.7, Luc.Pisc.23, D.Chr.66.4.II renounce publicly,ἐξέστω τῷ πατρὶ τὸν υἱὸν ἀ. Pl.Lg. 928e
sq., cf. D.39.39, Luc.Abd.1:—[voice] Pass., to be disinherited,ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρός Aeschin.Socr.Oxy.1608.39
.IV manumit by public renunciation of ownership, οἱ ἀποκαρυχθέντες ἐλεύθεροι, ἀπελεύθεροι, IG5(2).274,342a (Mantinea, i/ii A. D.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀποκηρύσσω
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7 λαμβάνω
λαμβάνω (Hom.+) impf. ἐλάμβανον; fut. λήμψομαι (PTurin II, 3, 48; POxy 1664, 12; on the μ s. Mayser 194f; Thackeray 108ff; B-D-F §101; W-S. §5, 30; Mlt-H. 106; 246f; Reinhold 46f; WSchulze, Orthographica 1894.—On the middle s. B-D-F §77); 2 aor. ἔλαβον, impv. λάβε (B-D-F §101 p. 53 s.v. λαμβάνειν; W-S. §6, 7d; Mlt-H. 209 n. 1), impv. 3 pl. λαβέτωσαν (LXX; GJs 4:2); pf. εἴληφα (DRinge, Glotta 62, ’84, 125–28), 2 sing. εἴληφας and εἴληφες Rv 11:17 v.l. (W-S. §13, 16 note; Mlt-H. 221), ptc. εἰληφώς. Pass.: fut. 3 pl. ληφθήσονται Jdth 6:9; aor. εἰλήφθην LXX; pf. 3 sing. εἴληπται; plpf. 3 sg. εἴληπτο (Just., D. 132, 3). For Attic inscriptional forms s. Threatte II 645. In the following divisions, nos. 1–9 focus on an active role, whereas 10 suggests passivity.① to get hold of someth. by laying hands on or grasping someth., directly or indirectly, take, take hold of, grasp, take in hand ἄρτον (Diod S 14, 105, 3 ῥάβδον; TestSol 2:8 D τὴν σφραγῖδα; TestJob 23:10 ψαλίδα) Mt 26:26a; Mk 14:22a; Ac 27:35. τ. βιβλίον (Tob 7:14) Rv 5:8f. τ. κάλαμον Mt 27:30. λαμπάδας take (in hand) (Strattis Com. [V B.C.], Fgm. 37 K. λαβόντες λαμπάδας) 25:1, 3. λαβέτωσαν ἀνὰ λαμπάδα GJs 7:2. μάχαιραν draw the sword (Gen 34:25; Jos., Vi. 173 [cp. JosAs 23:2 τὴν ῥομφαίαν]) Mt 26:52. Abs. λάβετε take (this) Mt 26:26b; Mk 14:22b.— Take hold of (me) GHb 356, 39=ISm 3:2.—ἔλαβέ με ἡ μήτηρ μου τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα ἐν μιᾷ τῶν τριχῶν μου my mother, the Holy Spirit, took me by one of my hairs GHb 20, 63. Ἐλισάβεδ … λαβουμένη (λαβοῦσα codd.) αὐτὸν ἀνέβη ἐν τῇ ὀρεινῇ E. took (John) and went up into the hill-country GJs 22:3. λαβών is somet. used somewhat pleonastically to enliven the narrative, as in Hom. (Od. 24, 398) and dramatists (Soph., Oed. R. 1391 et al.), but also in accord w. Hebr. usage (JViteau, Étude sur le Grec du NT 1893, 191; Dalman, Worte 16ff; Wlh., Einleitung2 1911, 14; B-D-F §419, 1 and 2; s. Rob. 1127; s., e.g., ApcBar 2:1 λαβών με ἤγαγε; Josh 2:4; Horapollo 2, 88 τούτους λαβὼν κατορύττει) Mt 13:31, 33; Mk 9:36; Lk 13:19, 21; J 12:3; Ac 9:25; 16:3; Hs 5, 2, 4. The ptc. can here be rendered by the prep. with (B-D-F §418, 5; Rob. 1127) λαβὼν τὴν σπεῖραν ἔρχεται he came with a detachment J 18:3 (cp. Soph., Trach. 259 στρατὸν λαβὼν ἔρχεται; ApcrEsd 6, 17 p. 31, 24 Tdf. λαβὼν … στρατιὰν ἀγγέλων). λαβὼν τὸ αἷμα … τὸν λαὸν ἐρράντισε with the blood he sprinkled the people Hb 9:19 (cp. ParJer 9:32 λαβόντες τὸν λίθον ἔθηκαν ἐπὶ τὸ μνῆμα αὐτοῦ ‘they crowned his tomb with a stone’; Mel., P. 14, 88 λαβόντες δὲ τὸ … αἶμα). Different is the periphrastic aor. ptc. use of λ. w. ἔχει: Dg 10:6 ἃ παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ λαβὼν ἔχει what the pers. has received fr. God (cp. Eur., Bacchae 302 μεταλαβὼν ἔχει; Goodwin §47; Gildersleeve, Syntax §295; Schwyzer I, 812). Freq. parataxis takes the place of the ptc. constr. (B-D-F §419, 5) ἔλαβε τὸν Ἰησοῦν καὶ ἐμαστίγωσεν (instead of λαβὼν τ. Ἰ. ἐ.) he had Jesus scourged J 19:1. λαβεῖν τὸν ἄρτον … καὶ βαλεῖν throw the bread Mt 15:26; Mk 7:27. ἔλαβον τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐποίησαν τέσσερα μέρη they divided his garments into four parts J 19:23.—In transf. sense ἀφορμὴν λ. find opportunity Ro 7:8, 11 (s. ἀφορμή); ὑπόδειγμα λ. take as an example Js 5:10; so also λ. alone, λάβωμεν Ἐνώχ 1 Cl 9:3.—Of the cross as a symbol of the martyr’s death take upon oneself Mt 10:38 (cp. Pind., P. 2, 93 [171] λ. ζυγόν). We may class here ἔλαβεν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ he put his clothes on J 13:12 (cp. Hdt. 2, 37; 4, 78; GrBar 9:7 τὸν ὄφιν ἔλαβεν ἔνδυμα). Prob. sim. μορφὴν δούλου λ. put on the form of a slave Phil 2:7.—Of food and drink take (cp. Bel 37 Theod.) Mk 15:23. ὅτε ἔλαβεν τὸ ὄξος J 19:30; λαβὼν τροφὴν ἐνίσχυσεν Ac 9:19; τροφὴν … λα[βεῖν] AcPl Ha 1, 19. (βρέφος) ἔλαβε μασθὸν ἐκ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Μαρίας (the infant) took the breast of his mother Mary GJs 19:2.—1 Ti 4:4 (s. 10b below) could also belong here.② to take away, remove (τὴν ψυχήν ApcEsdr 6:16 p. 31, 23 Tdf.) with or without the use of force τὰ ἀργύρια take away the silver coins (fr. the temple) Mt 27:6. τὰς ἀσθενείας diseases 8:17. τὸν στέφανον Rv 3:11. τὴν εἰρήνην ἐκ τῆς γῆς remove peace from the earth 6:4 (λ. τι ἐκ as UPZ 125, 13 ὸ̔ εἴληφεν ἐξ οἴκου; 2 Ch 16:2; TestSol 4:15 D; TestAbr B 7 p. 111, 12 [Stone p. 70]; Mel., P. 55, 403).③ to take into one’s possession, take, acquire τὶ someth. τὸν χιτῶνα Mt 5:40. οὐδὲ ἕν J 3:27. ἑαυτῷ βασιλείαν obtain kingly power for himself Lk 19:12 (cp. Jos., Ant. 13, 220). λ. γυναῖκα take a wife (Eur., Alc. 324; X., Cyr. 8, 4, 16; Gen 4:19; 6:2; Tob 1:9; TestSol 26:1; TestJob 45:3; ParJer 8:3; Jos., Ant. 1, 253; Just., D. 116, 3; 141, 4) Mk 12:19–21; 22 v.l.; Lk 20:28–31 (s. also the vv.ll. in 14:20 and 1 Cor 7:28). Of his life, that Jesus voluntarily gives up, in order to take possession of it again on his own authority J 10:18a. [ἀπολείπ]ετε τὸ σκότος, λάβεται τὸ φῶς [abandon] the darkness, seize the light AcPl Ha 8, 32. ἑαυτῷ τ. τιμὴν λ. take the honor upon oneself Hb 5:4.—Lay hands on, seize w. acc. of the pers. who is seized by force (Hom. et al.; LXX; mid. w. gen. Just., A II, 2, 10, D. 105, 3) Mt 21:35, 39; Mk 12:3, 8. Of an evil spirit that seizes the sick man Lk 9:39 (cp. PGM 7, 613 εἴλημπται ὑπὸ τοῦ δαίμονος; TestSol 17:2 εἰ λήμψομαί τινα, εὐθέως ἀναιρῶ αὐτὸν τῷ ξίφει; Jos., Ant. 4, 119 ὅταν ἡμᾶς τὸ τοῦ θεοῦ λάβῃ πνεῦμα; Just., A I, 18, 4 ψυχαῖς ἀποθανόντων λαμβανόμενοι).—Esp. of feelings, emotions seize, come upon τινά someone (Hom. et al.; Ex 15:15; Wsd 11:12; Jos., Ant. 2, 139; 14, 57) ἔκστασις ἔλαβεν ἅπαντας amazement seized (them) all Lk 5:26. φόβος 7:16. Sim. πειρασμὸς ὑμᾶς οὐκ εἴληφεν εἰ μὴ ἀνθρώπινος 1 Cor 10:13.—Of hunting and fishing: catch (X., Cyr. 1, 4, 9; Aelian, VH 4, 14) οὐδέν Lk 5:5=J 21:6 v.l. Fig. εἴ τις λαμβάνει (ὑμᾶς) if someone puts something over on you, takes advantage of you 2 Cor 11:20 (the exx. cited in Field, Notes, 184f refer to material plunder, whereas Paul appears to point to efforts of his opposition to control the Corinthians’ thinking for their own political purposes; also s. CLattey, JTS 44, ’43, 148); in related vein δόλῳ τινὰ λ. catch someone by a trick 12:16.④ to take payment, receive, accept, of taxes, etc. collect the two-drachma tax Mt 17:24; tithes Hb 7:8f; portion of the fruit as rent Mt 21:34. τὶ ἀπό τινος someth. fr. someone (Plut., Mor. 209d, Aem. Paul. 5, 9) 17:25. παρὰ τῶν γεωργῶν λ. ἀπὸ τῶν καρπῶν collect a share of the fruit fr. the vinedressers Mk 12:2.—τὶ παρά τινος someth. fr. someone (Aristarch. Sam. p. 352, 4; Jos., Ant. 5, 275; Just., D. 22, 11; Tat. 19, 1) οὐ παρὰ ἀνθρώπου τὴν μαρτυρίαν λ. the testimony which I receive is not from a human being or I will not accept mere human testimony (PSI 395, 6 [241 B.C.] σύμβολον λαβὲ παρʼ αὐτῶν=have them give you a receipt) J 5:34; cp. vs. 44; 3:11, 32f.⑤ to include in an experience, take up, receive τινὰ someone εἰς into (Wsd 8:18) lit. εἰς τὸ πλοῖον take someone (up) into the boat J 6:21. εἰς οἰκίαν receive someone into one’s house 2J 10. εἰς τὰ ἴδια into his own home J 19:27. Receive someone in the sense of recognizing the other’s authority J 1:12; 5:43ab; 13:20abcd.—οἱ ὑπηρέται ῥαπίσμασιν αὐτὸν ἔλαβον Mk 14:65 does not mean ‘the servants took him into custody with blows’ (BWeiss, al.), but is a colloquialism (s. B-D-F §198, 3, w. citation of AcJo 90 [Aa II 196, 1] τί εἰ ῥαπίσμασίν μοι ἔλαβες; ‘what if you had laid blows on me?’) the servants treated him to blows (Moffatt: ‘treated him to cuffs and slaps’), or even ‘got’ him w. blows, ‘worked him over’ (perh. a Latinism; Cicero, Tusc. 2, 14, 34 verberibus accipere. B-D-F §5, 3b; s. Rob. 530f); the v.l. ἔβαλον is the result of failure to recognize this rare usage. καλῶς ἔλαβόν σε; have (the young women) treated you well? Hs 9, 11, 8.⑥ to make a choice, choose, select πᾶς ἀρχιερεὺς ἐξ ἀνθρώπων λαμβανόμενος who is chosen fr. among human beings Hb 5:1 (cp. Num 8:6; Am 2:11; Just., D. 130, 3). The emphasis is not on gender but the human status of the chief priest in contrast to that of the unique Messiah vs. 5.⑦ to accept as true, receive τὶ someth. fig. τὰ ῥήματά τινος receive someone’s words (and use them as a guide) J 12:48; 17:8; AcPl Ha 1, 6 (s. καρδία 1bβ). τὸν λόγον receive the teaching Mt 13:20; Mk 4:16 (for μετὰ χαρᾶς λ. cp. PIand 13, 18 ἵνα μετὰ χαρᾶς σε ἀπολάβωμεν).⑧ to enter into a close relationship, receive, make one’s own, apprehend/comprehend mentally or spiritually (Soph., Pla. et al.) of the mystical apprehension of Christ (opp. κατελήμφθην ὑπὸ Χριστοῦ) ἔλαβον (i.e. Χριστόν) I have made (him) my own Phil 3:12.⑨ Special uses: the OT is the source of λαμβάνειν πρόσωπον show partiality/favoritism (s. πρόσωπον 1bα end) Lk 20:21; Gal 2:6; B 19:4; D 4:3.—θάρσος λ. take courage s. θάρσος; πεῖράν τινος λ. try someth. (Pla., Prot. 342a; 348a, Gorg. 448a; X., Cyr. 6, 1, 28; Polyb. 1, 75, 7; 2, 32, 5; 5, 100, 10; Aelian, VH 12, 22; Dt 28:56; Jos., Ant. 8, 166; diff. Dio Chrys. 50, 6) Hb 11:29 (this expr. has a different mng. in vs. 36; s. 10b below).—συμβούλιον λαμβάνειν consult (with someone), lit. ‘take counsel’, is a Latinism (consilium capere; s. B-D-F §5, 3b; Rob. 109) Mt 27:7; 28:12; w. ὅπως foll. 22:15; foll. by κατά τινος against someone and ὅπως 12:14; foll. by κατά τινος and ὥστε 27:1. οὐ λήψῃ βουλὴν πονηρὰν κατὰ τοῦ πλησίον σου D 2:6.⑩ to be a receiver, receive, get, obtainⓐ abs. λαβών (of a hungry hog) when it has received someth. B 10:3. (Opp. αἰτεῖν, as Appian, Fgm. [I p. 532–36 Viereck-R.] 23 αἰτεῖτε καὶ λαμβάνετε; PGM 4, 2172) Mt 7:8; Lk 11:10; J 16:24. (Opp. διδόναι as Thu. 2, 97, 4 λαμβάνειν μᾶλλον ἢ διδόναι; Ael. Aristid. 34 p. 645 D.; Herm. Wr. 5, 10b; Philo, Deus Imm. 57; SibOr 3, 511) Mt 10:8; Ac 20:35; B 14:1; but in D 1:5 λ. rather has the ‘active’ sense accept a donation (as ἵνα λάβῃ ἐξουσίαν TestJob 8:2).ⓑ w. acc. of thing τὶ someth. (Da 2:6; OdeSol 11:4 σύνεσιν; TestJob 24:9 τρεῖς ἄρτους al.; ApcEsdr 5:13 p. 30, 11 Tdf. τὴν ψυχήν) τὸ ψωμίον receive the piece of bread J 13:30. ὕδωρ ζωῆς δωρεάν water of life without cost Rv 22:17. μισθόν (q.v. 1 and 2a) Mt 10:41ab; J 4:36; 1 Cor 3:8, 14; AcPlCor 2:36 (TestSol 1:2, 10). Money: ἀργύρια Mt 28:15; ἀνὰ δηνάριον a denarius each Mt 20:9f. ἐλεημοσύνην Ac 3:3. βραχύ τι a little or a bite J 6:7; eternal life Mk 10:30 (Jos., C. Ap. 2, 218 βίον ἀμείνω λαβεῖν); the Spirit (schol. on Plato 856e ἄνωθεν λαμβάνειν τὸ πνεῦμα) J 7:39; Ac 2:38; cp. Gal 3:14; 1 Cor 2:12; 2 Cor 11:4; forgiveness of sin Ac 10:43 (Just., D. 54, 1); grace Ro 1:5; cp. 5:17; the victor’s prize 1 Cor 9:24f; the crown of life Js 1:12 (cp. Wsd 5:16 λ. τὸ διάδημα). συμφύγιον/σύμφυτον καὶ ὅπλον εὐδοκίας λάβωμεν Ἰησοῦν χριστόν the sense of this clause, restored from AcPl Ha 8, 23–24 and AcPl Ox 1602, 33–35 (=BMM recto 29–31) emerges as follows: and let us take Jesus Christ as our refuge/ally and shield, the assurance of God’s goodwill toward us. The early and late rain Js 5:7. ἔλεος receive mercy Hb 4:16 (Just., D. 133, 1). λ. τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ υἱοῦ (θεοῦ) receive the name of the Son of God (in baptism) Hs 9, 12, 4. διάδοχον receive a successor Ac 24:27 (cp. Pliny the Younger, Ep. 9, 13 successorem accipio). τὴν ἐπισκοπὴν αὐτοῦ λαβέτω ἕτερος let another man receive his position 1:20 (Ps 108:8). τόπον ἀπολογίας λ. (τόπος 4) 25:16. λ. τι μετὰ εὐχαριστίας receive someth. w. thankfulness 1 Ti 4:4 (but s. 1 above, end.—On the construction with μετά cp. Libanius, Or. 63 p. 392, 3 F. μετὰ ψόγου λ.). τί ἔχεις ὅ οὐκ ἔλαβες; what have you that you did not receive? 1 Cor 4:7 (Alciphron 2, 6, 1 τί οὐ τῶν ἐμῶν λαβοῦσα ἔχεις;). Of punishments (cp. δίκην λ. Hdt. 1, 115; Eur., Bacch. 1312. ποινάς Eur., Tro. 360. πληγάς Philyllius Com. [V B.C.] 11 K.; GrBar 4:15 καταδίκην; Jos., Ant. 14, 336 τιμωρίαν) λ. περισσότερον κρίμα receive a punishment that is just so much more severe Mt 23:13 [14] v.l. (cp. κρίμα 4b); Mk 12:40; Lk 20:47; cp. Js 3:1. οἱ ἀνθεστηκότες ἑαυτοῖς κρίμα λήμψονται those who oppose will bring punishment upon themselves Ro 13:2. πεῖράν τινος λ. become acquainted with, experience, suffer someth. (X., An. 5, 8, 15; Polyb. 6, 3, 1; 28, 9, 7; 29, 3, 10; Diod S 12, 24, 4 τὴν θυγατέρα ἀπέκτεινεν, ἵνα μὴ τῆς ὕβρεως λάβῃ πεῖραν; 15, 88, 4; Jos., Ant. 2, 60; Preisigke, Griech. Urkunden des ägypt. Museums zu Kairo [1911] 2, 11; 3, 11 πεῖραν λ. δαίμονος) μαστίγων πεῖραν λ. Hb 11:36 (the phrase in a diff. mng. vs. 29; s. 9b above).ⓒ Also used as a periphrasis for the passive: οἰκοδομὴν λ. be edified 1 Cor 14:5. περιτομήν be circumcised J 7:23 (Just., D. 23, 5 al.). τὸ χάραγμα receive a mark = be marked Rv 14:9, 11; 19:20; 20:4. καταλλαγήν be reconciled Ro 5:11. ὑπόμνησίν τινος be reminded of = remember someth. 2 Ti 1:5 (Just., D 19, 6 μνήμην λαμβάνητε); λήθην τινὸς λ. forget someth. (Timocles Com. [IV B.C.], Fgm. 6, 5 K.; Aelian, VH 3, 18 end, HA 4, 35; Jos., Ant. 2, 163; 202; 4, 304; Just., D. 46, 5 ἵνα μὴ λήθη ὑμᾶς λαμβάνῃ τοῦ θεοῦ) 2 Pt 1:9; χαρὰν λ. experience joy, rejoice Hv 3, 13, 2 ; GJs 12:2; ἀρχὴν λ. be begun, have its beginning (Pla et al.; Polyb. 1, 12, 9; Sext. Emp., Phys. 1, 366; Aelian, VH 2, 28; 12, 53; Dio Chrys. 40, 7; Philo, Mos. 1, 81 τρίτον [σημεῖον] … τὴν ἀρχὴν τοῦ γίνεσθαι λαβὸν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ; Just., D. 46, 4 τὴν ἀρχὴν λαβούσης ἀπὸ Ἀβραὰμ τῆς περιτομῆς; Ath. 19, 2 ἑτέραν ἀρχὴν τοῦ κόσμου λαβόντος) Hb 2:3; ApcPt Rainer ln. 19.—λ. τι ἀπό τινος receive someth. from someone (Epict. 4, 11, 3 λ. τι ἀπὸ τῶν θεῶν; Herm. Wr. 1, 30; ApcMos 19 ὅτε δὲ ἔλαβεν ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ τὸν ὄρκον; Just., D. 78, 10 τῶν λαβόντων χάριν ἀπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ) 1J 2:27; 3:22. Also τὶ παρά τινος (Pisander Epicus [VI B.C.] Fgm. 5 [in Athen. 11, 469d]; Diod S 5, 3, 4 λαβεῖν τι παρὰ τῶν θεῶν; TestAbr A 5 p. 82, 8 [Stone p. 12] λαβὼν τὴν εὐχὴν παρʼ αὐτῶν; Just., A I, 60, 3 ἐνέργειαν τὴν παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ λεγομένην λαβεῖν τὸν Μωυσέα.—παρά A3aβ) J 10:18b; Ac 2:33; 3:5; 20:24; Js 1:7; 2J 4; Rv 2:28. λ. τὸ ἱκανὸν παρὰ τοῦ Ἰάσονος receive bail from Jason Ac 17:9 (s. ἱκανός 1). λ. τι ὑπό τινος be given someth. by someone 2 Cor 11:24. κλῆρον καὶ μερισμὸν λαμβάνοντες AcPl Ha 8, 18/Ox 1602, 22f [λαβόντες]=BMM recto 23f (s. κλῆρος 2). λ. τι ἔκ τινος receive someth. fr. a quantity of someth.: ἐκ τοῦ πληρώματος αὐτοῦ ἐλάβομεν χάριν from his fullness we have received favor J 1:16. ἐκ τοῦ πνεύματος αὐτοῦ ἐλάβετε Hs 9, 24, 4.—λ. ἐξ ἀναστάσεως τοὺς νεκροὺς αὐτῶν (s. ἀνάστασις 2a) Hb 11:35. On ἐν γαστρὶ εἴληφα (LXX) GJs 4:2 and 4 s. γαστήρ 2 and συλλαμβάνω 3.—B. 743. Schmidt, Syn. III 203–33. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv. -
8 πεῖρα
πεῖρα, ας, ἡ (s. πειράζω; Pind.+)① an effort to accomplish someth., attempt, trial, experiment, act. sense (Jos., C. Ap. 2, 183) πεῖραν λαμβάνειν make an attempt or make trial of (Trag. et al.; POxy 1681, 10; Dt 28:56) τινός someone or someth. (X., Cyr. 6, 1, 54, Mem. 1, 4, 18; Pla., Protag. 342a, Gorg. 448a; Polyb. 2, 32, 5; Jos., Ant. 8, 166; SEG VIII, 574, 21 [III A.D.]; UPZ 110, 129 [164 B.C.]) ἧς πεῖραν λαβόντες when they tried (to do) it Hb 11:29. On θεοῦ ζῶντος πεῖραν ἀθλῶμεν 2 Cl 20:2 s. ἀθλέω.② experience won by attempting someth., experience, pass. sense (X. et al.; IMagnMai 115, 21; Philo; Test Gad 5:2 ἐκ πείρας) πεῖράν τινος λαμβάνειν have experience with or simply experience someth. (Polyb. 6, 3, 1; 28, 9, 7; Diod S 12, 24, 4 τὴν θυγατέρα ἀπέκτεινεν, ἵνα μὴ τῆς ὕβρεως λάβῃ πεῖραν; Vett. Val. 74, 23; 82, 1; 84, 28 al.; Jos., Ant. 2, 60, Vi. 160) μαστίγων πεῖραν ἔλαβον they experienced scourgings Hb 11:36.—DELG. M-M. TW. Spicq. Sv.
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Hermeneutisch — Die Hermeneutik (von griech. ἑρμηνεύειν hermēneuein mit den Bedeutungen: (Gedanken) „ausdrücken“, (etwas) „interpretieren“, „übersetzen“) ist eine Theorie über die Auslegung von Werken und über das Verstehen. Beim Verstehen verwendet der Mensch… … Deutsch Wikipedia
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Platon — Römische Kopie eines griechischen Platonporträts des Silanion, das vermutlich nach dem Tod Platons in der Akademie aufgestellt wurde, Glyptothek München[1] Platon (altgriechisch Πλάτων Plátōn, latinisiert Plato; * 428/ … Deutsch Wikipedia
Catégories socioprofessionnelles — Liste des professions et catégories socioprofessionnelles en France Sommaire 1 Liste 2 Articles connexes 3 Liens externes // … Wikipédia en Français
Code NAF — Le code NAF est l un des codes INSEE. C est la Nomenclature des Activités Françaises. Elle permet la codification de l APE, c est à dire de l activité principale exercée dans l entreprise ou l association. Cette nomenclature d activités… … Wikipédia en Français
