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1 bankrot
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2 bràtъ
bràtrъ; bràtъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `brother'Page in Trubačev: II 238, III 8-9Old Church Slavic:Russian:Ukrainian:Czech:Old Czech:Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:Slovincian:brãt `brother' [m o]Upper Sorbian:Lower Sorbian:Polabian:Serbo-Croatian:brȁt `brother' [m o];Čak. brȁt (Vrgada, Orbanići) `brother' [m o]Slovene:bràt `brother' [m o];brȃtǝr `brother' [m o]Bulgarian:Macedonian:Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bráʔ-t(e)r-Lithuanian:brólis `brother' [m io] 1;broterė̃lis `brother (dim.)' [m io] 2Latvian:brãlis `brother' [m io];Old Prussian:brāti (Ench.) `brother';brote (EV) `brother';Indo-European reconstruction: bʰreh₂-tr-o-IE meaning: brotherPage in Pokorny: 163Other cognates: -
3 blъxà
blъxà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `flea'Page in Trubačev: II 129-130Church Slavic:Russian:bloxá `flea' [f ā], bloxú [Accs];bloxá (dial.) `flea' [f ā], blóxu [Accs]Ukrainian:bloxá `flea' [f ā]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Slovincian:pẋlȧ̃ `flea' [f ā]Upper Sorbian:Lower Sorbian:Polabian:blåxă `flea' [f ā]Serbo-Croatian:bùha `flea' [f ā], bùhu [Accs], bȕhe [Nom p];Čak. buhȁ (Vrgada) `flea' [f ā], buhȅ [Nom p];Čak. bȕha (Orbanići) `flea' [f ā]Slovene:bóɫha `flea' [f ā]Bulgarian:bălxá `flea' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: blúṣ-aHLithuanian:blusà `flea' [f ā] 2Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: bʰlus-eh₂IE meaning: fleaPage in Pokorny: 102Other cognates:Skt. plúṣi- `flea';Notes:\{1\} In Polish dialects, we find a large variety of forms, e.g. pcha, pɫa, pɫecha, bɫecha, bɫcha. -
4 čùdo
čùdo Grammatical information: n. s Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `miracle'Page in Trubačev: IV 128-129Old Church Slavic:Russian:čúdo `miracle' [n s], čudesá [Nom p]Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:Slovincian:cu̇́d `miracle' [m o]Serbo-Croatian:čȕdo `miracle' [n s], čudèsa [Nom p];Čak. čȕdo `miracle' [n s], čudeså̃ [Nom p]Slovene:čúdọ `miracle, marvel, admiration' [n s], čúdesa [Gens]Bulgarian:čúdo `miracle' [n s], čudesá [Nom p]Indo-European reconstruction: keud-os- -
5 droždža
droždža; droždžьje Grammatical information: f. jā; n. io Proto-Slavic meaning: `yeast, dregs'Page in Trubačev: V 129-130Old Church Slavic:droždьję (Ps. Sin.) `dregs' [Nompf iā]Russian:dróžži `yeast, leaven' [n io]Czech:droždí `yeast, leaven' [n io]Slovak:Polish:drożdże `yeast, leaven' [Nompf jā]Old Polish:drożdża `sediment, dregs' [f jā]Serbo-Croatian:dròžda `sediment' [f ā]Slovene:drožję̑ `yeast, leaven' [f jā];drožę̑ `yeast, leaven' [f jā];droždžę̑ `yeast, leaven' [f jā];drožȋ `yeast, leaven' [f i]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: dro(z)gi(ʔ)aʔLithuanian:drãgės (Bretk.) `dregs' [Nompf ē]Latvian:Old Prussian:dragios `dregs'Comments: Cognate with OIc. dregg `dregs, yeast' < * dragjō and, in spite of the differing velar, probably also with Lat. fracēs. Since the word is possibly non-Indo-European, we might just as well reconstruct * dʰragʰ-i-, with *a.Other cognates: -
6 droždžьje
droždža; droždžьje Grammatical information: f. jā; n. io Proto-Slavic meaning: `yeast, dregs'Page in Trubačev: V 129-130Old Church Slavic:droždьję (Ps. Sin.) `dregs' [Nompf iā]Russian:dróžži `yeast, leaven' [n io]Czech:droždí `yeast, leaven' [n io]Slovak:Polish:drożdże `yeast, leaven' [Nompf jā]Old Polish:drożdża `sediment, dregs' [f jā]Serbo-Croatian:dròžda `sediment' [f ā]Slovene:drožję̑ `yeast, leaven' [f jā];drožę̑ `yeast, leaven' [f jā];droždžę̑ `yeast, leaven' [f jā];drožȋ `yeast, leaven' [f i]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: dro(z)gi(ʔ)aʔLithuanian:drãgės (Bretk.) `dregs' [Nompf ē]Latvian:Old Prussian:dragios `dregs'Comments: Cognate with OIc. dregg `dregs, yeast' < * dragjō and, in spite of the differing velar, probably also with Lat. fracēs. Since the word is possibly non-Indo-European, we might just as well reconstruct * dʰragʰ-i-, with *a.Other cognates: -
7 drǫgъ
drǫ́gъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `bar, pole'Page in Trubačev: V 129-130Old Church Slavic:drǫgy (Euch.) `sticks' [Inspm o]Czech:Slovak:drúh (dial.) `bar, club' [m o]Polish:drąg `bar' [m o], drąga [Gens]Slovincian:drȯ́ųg `bar, pole' [m o], drȯ́ųga [Gens]Serbo-Croatian:drȗg `rail' [m o]Slovene:drǫ̑g `bar, latticed side of a cart' [m o]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: drongosLithuanian:drañgas `pole (used as a lever)' [m o];dránga `pole (used as a lever), edge (of a cart)' [f ā]Comments: On the basis of the Balto-Slavic and Germanic evidence, we may reconstruct * dʰrongʰ-. The limited distribution of the etymon and the fact that we find variants without a nasal or with root-final *k leads us to consider non-Indo-European origin.Other cognates: -
8 glistъ
glístъ; glīstà Grammatical information: m. o; f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `worm'Page in Trubačev: VI 128-129Russian:Belorussian:Ukrainian:Czech:hlíst `intestinal worm' [m o];hlísta `intestinal worm' [f ā]Slovak:hlísta `intestinal worm' [f ā]Polish:Serbo-Croatian:glísta `intestinal worm, earth-worm' [f ā];Čak. glȋsta (Orbanići) `worm' [f ā];Čak. glȋs (Orbanići) `worm' [f i], glȋsti [f i]Slovene:glísta `intestinal worm, earth-worm' [f ā]Bulgarian:Lithuanian:glaĩstas `layer of clay, plaster' [m o] 2/4Indo-European reconstruction: glH₁it-to-??Comments: Though masculine o-stems belonging to AP (b) in principle continue old neuters, I am uncertain of this holds for original oxytona, i.e. words that were already oxytone before Dybo's law. Here the reconstruction of an old oxytonon may account for the unexpected absence of a laryngeal in the root, which can now be attributed to the Early Slavic loss of laryngeals in pretonic position. In view of Hirt's law, which would have generated root stress, a reconstruction with a zero grade (*glh1it-tó) is preferable. The semantically different Lith. glaĩstas probably contains a old neuter. -
9 glīstà
glístъ; glīstà Grammatical information: m. o; f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `worm'Page in Trubačev: VI 128-129Russian:Belorussian:Ukrainian:Czech:hlíst `intestinal worm' [m o];hlísta `intestinal worm' [f ā]Slovak:hlísta `intestinal worm' [f ā]Polish:Serbo-Croatian:glísta `intestinal worm, earth-worm' [f ā];Čak. glȋsta (Orbanići) `worm' [f ā];Čak. glȋs (Orbanići) `worm' [f i], glȋsti [f i]Slovene:glísta `intestinal worm, earth-worm' [f ā]Bulgarian:Lithuanian:glaĩstas `layer of clay, plaster' [m o] 2/4Indo-European reconstruction: glH₁it-to-??Comments: Though masculine o-stems belonging to AP (b) in principle continue old neuters, I am uncertain of this holds for original oxytona, i.e. words that were already oxytone before Dybo's law. Here the reconstruction of an old oxytonon may account for the unexpected absence of a laryngeal in the root, which can now be attributed to the Early Slavic loss of laryngeals in pretonic position. In view of Hirt's law, which would have generated root stress, a reconstruction with a zero grade (*glh1it-tó) is preferable. The semantically different Lith. glaĩstas probably contains a old neuter. -
10 glìva
glìva Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: aPage in Trubačev: VI 129-130Russian:glíva (dial.) `bergamot (kind of pear)' [f ā]Ukrainian:hlíva `bergamot (kind of pear), tree-fungus' [f ā]Czech:hlíva `kind of mushroom, tumour' [f ā]Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:gljȉva `tree-fungus' [f ā];gljȉva `gland, tonsil' [f ā]Slovene:glíva `mushroom, tree-fungus' [f ā]Bulgarian:Lithuanian:gléivės `slime' [Nompf ē] 1;gléivos (dial.) `slime' [Nompf ā]Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: gleH₁i-u-Page in Pokorny: 362Other cognates: -
11 grìva
grìva Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `mane'Page in Trubačev: VII 129-130Russian:gríva `mane' [f ā]Czech:hříva `mane' [f ā]Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:grȉva `mane' [f ā]Slovene:gríva `mane, overgrown boundary' [f ā]Bulgarian:gríva `mane' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: gríʔu̯aʔLatvian:grĩva `river mouth' [f ā]Indo-European reconstruction: gwriH-ueh₂-Certainty: +Other cognates:Skt. grīvā́- `neck' [f] -
12 kȃlъ
kȃlъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `dirt'Page in Trubačev: IX 127-129Old Church Slavic:Russian:Czech:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:kȃl `dirt, mud, puddle' [m o];Čak. kȃl (Orbanići) `small pond (rainwater cistern) near a village' [m o]Slovene:kȃɫ `mud in a puddle, dregs, puddle' [m o]Bulgarian:Indo-European reconstruction: kʷeh₂l-o-??Other cognates:Dor. πα̑λός `clay, earth, mud, mire' [f] -
13 krě̀slo
krě̀slo Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `chair'Page in Trubačev: XII 126-129Russian:Czech:křeslo `arm-chair' [n o]Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:Bulgarian:kresló `seat' [n o]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: kreʔsloLithuanian:krė́slas `arm-chair' [m o] 3Latvian:krę̂sls `chair' [m o]Old Prussian:creslan `arm-chair' -
14 kurъ
kurъ Grammatical information: m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `cock'Page in Trubačev: XIII 129-130Old Church Slavic:Russian:Old Czech:kúr (??) `cock' [m o]Polish:Slovincian:ku̇́r `cock' [m o]Serbo-Croatian:kȕr (dial.) `cock' [m o]Slovene:kùr `cock' [m o], kúra [Gens]Bulgarian: -
15 mara
mara Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `ghost, apparition'Page in Trubačev: XVII 204-207 \{1\}Church Slavic:Russian:mára, mará `apparition, mirage;(dial.) house-sprite, evil spirit' [f ā]Belorussian:mará, mára `dream, apparition, nightmare;(dial.) `witch, demon' [f ā]Ukrainian:mará `apparition, ghost, witch' [f ā]Slovak:Polish:mara `dream, illusion, ghost, (dial.) nightly spirit that attacks people and horses in their sleep' [f ā]Slovincian:Upper Sorbian:Bulgarian:Mára `name of a fairy-tale monster' [f ā]Indo-European reconstruction: meh₂-reh₂Certainty: +Page in Pokorny: 693Comments: There are basically two views on the origin of *mara. According to a hypothesis put forward by Franck (1904: 129) and advocated by a.o. Schuster-Šewc (885ff), *mara continues PIE *mōrā and differs from *mora only in having lengthened grade. The alternative etymology, which can at least be traced to Zubatý 1894, connects *mara with the root ma- < *meh₂- of majati, mamъ etc. Though it seems at a first glance unsatisfactory to separate *mara from *mora - in Polish, for instance, mara and mora are synonymous -, it is awkward that in most Slavic languages both apophonic variants would occur side by side. Perhaps we have to start from *mara `illusion, apparition' beside *mora `female demon that tortures people with nightmares', which later became confused. This scenario may also offer an explanation for the fact that the accentual paradigm of both words is so hard to determine. We would expect *màra (a) - in view of Hirt's law - beside *morà (b) or (c). Nevertheless we find forms like Ru. móra and mará (beside mára). I think that in this respect, too, we have to reckon with analogy. -
16 negodovati
negodovati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `be indignant'Page in Trubačev: XXIV 129Old Church Slavic:Russian:negodovát' `be indignant' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:nègodovati `be indignant' [verb]Bulgarian:negodúvam `be indignant' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: gʰodʰ-Page in Pokorny: 423Other cognates:
См. также в других словарях:
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