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(whether)

  • 1 borna

    I. borna I Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b/c Proto-Slavic meaning: `harrow'
    Page in Trubačev: II 204-206
    Russian:
    boroná `harrow' [f ā], bóronu [Accs]
    Old Russian:
    borona `harrow' [f ā]
    Ukrainian:
    boroná `harrow' [f ā]
    Czech:
    brány `harrow' [Nomplf ā]
    Slovak:
    brány `harrow' [Nomplf ā]
    Polish:
    brona `harrow' [f ā] \{1\}
    Slovincian:
    bǻrnă `harrow' [f]
    Upper Sorbian:
    bróna `harrow' [f ā]
    Polabian:
    bornă `harrow' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    brána `harrow' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    brána `harrow' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    brána `harrow' [f ā];
    braná (dial.) `harrow' [f ā]
    Macedonian:
    brana `harrow' [f ā]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰorH-neh₂
    Page in Pokorny: 133
    Comments: According to the ESSJa, *borna `harrow' and *borna `guarded entrance, barrier' belong to one and the same root. Though this may be correct, I prefer to leave it an open question whether these words may be identified. In my opinion, this is tantamount to leaving the question whether PSl. *borti, Lat. ferīre and OIc. berja are cognate with Gk. φαρόωσι, Lat. forāre and OIc. bora unanswered.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. φαρόωσι `plough' [3pl];
    Lat. forāre `perforate' [verb];
    OIc bora `perforate, drill' [verb];
    OHG borōn `perforate, drill' [verb] \{2\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} We find attestations of bróna ( bruna) from the 16th century onwards (Sɫawski SP I: 324).
    II. borna II Grammatical information: f. ā
    Page in Trubačev: II 204-206
    Old Russian:
    borona `defence' [f ā]
    Ukrainian:
    boróna `defence' [f ā]
    Czech:
    brána `entrance, gate, defences' [f ā]
    Old Czech:
    brána `fortification, gate' [f]
    Slovak:
    brána `gate, guarded entrance' [f ā]
    Polish:
    brona `(arch.) fortified gate, movable part of a gate' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    brána `dam, weir, barrier, defender, defence' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    brána `protection, defence' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    braná (dial.) `dam, weir' [f ā]
    Macedonian:
    brana `dam, weir' [f]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰorH-neh₂
    Page in Pokorny: 133
    Comments: See borna I.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > borna

  • 2 ali

    either, if, or, whether

    Slovenian-english dictionary > ali

  • 3 če

    if, whether

    Slovenian-english dictionary > če

  • 4 bě̄dìti

    bě̄dìti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: c
    Page in Trubačev: II 56-57
    Old Church Slavic:
    běditi `force, persuade' [verb], běždǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    bedít' (dial.) `spoil, vex' [verb]
    Czech:
    bíditi (Jungmann, Kott) `reduce to poverty, (se) torment oneself, suffer' [verb];
    běditi (Jungmann, Kott) `reduce to poverty' [verb];
    bídit se (dial.) `live in poverty' [verb]
    Slovak:
    biedit́ `live in poverty' [verb]
    Old Polish:
    biedzić `struggle' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bijèditi `slander' [verb], bȉjedīm [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    bedjá `accuse' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰoidʰ-eie-
    IE meaning: force
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 117
    Comments: It is very unlikely that Slavic *běditi `force' and Go. baidjan `id.' belong to different roots. Stang even includes these words in his "Sonderübereinstimmungen" (1972: 14). The meaning `persuade' is another indication that we are dealing with PIE *bʰoidʰ-. The question is whether denominative *běditi `reduce to poverty, live in poverty' ultimately continues a different root (see *bē̌dà).
    Other cognates:
    Gk. πείθω `persuade' [verb];
    Go. baidjan `force' [verb];
    OHG beitten `demand' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bě̄dìti

  • 5 bȏrvъ

    bȏrvъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c
    Page in Trubačev: II 214-215
    Church Slavic:
    bravъ `small live stock' [m o]
    Russian:
    bórov `hog, castrated boar, (dial.) boar, castrated bull' [m o]
    Old Russian:
    borovъ `small live stock, hog, castrated boar' [m o]
    Czech:
    brav `small live stock' [m o];
    brav (dial.) `hog, castrated boar' [m o]
    Slovak:
    brav `hog, castrated boar' [m o]
    Polish:
    browek (dial.) `porker' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    brȃv `sheep (pl.), (dial.) hog, castrated boar' [m o];
    Čak. brå̑v (Vrgada) `ram' [m o]
    Slovene:
    brȃv `sheep (pl.), pig, animal' [m o];
    brȃv `sheep (pl.)' [f i]
    Bulgarian:
    brav (dial.) `ram' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰor-u-o-
    Comments: It is unclear whether this root may be identified with the root *bʰrH- of *borti and *bъrtь, as is advocated by Pokorny (133-135).
    Other cognates:
    OIc. bǫrgr `hog, castrated boar'
    ;
    OHG barug `hog, castrated boar'
    ;
    OHG barh `hog, castrated boar'
    ;
    OE bearg `hog, castrated boar'
    ;
    OE bearh `hog, castrated boar'
    ;
    MoE barrow `hog, castrated boar'
    ;
    MoDu barg `hog, castrated boar'
    \{1\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} The Germanic cognates point to *bʰor-u-ko-.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bȏrvъ

  • 6 bòrti

    bòrti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b
    Page in Trubačev: II 213-214
    Old Church Slavic:
    brati (sę) `fight' [verb], borjǫ (sę) [1sg], borješi (sę) [2sg]
    Russian:
    borót' `overpower, throw to the ground' [verb], borjú [1sg], bóret [3sg];
    borót'sja `fight' [verb], borjús' [1sg], bóretsja [3sg]
    Ukrainian:
    boróty `overpower' [verb]
    Polish:
    bróć się (dial.) `fight, contend' [verb]
    Bulgarian:
    bórja `torment, conquer' [verb];
    bórja se `fight' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: borʔ-
    Lithuanian:
    bárti `scold, accuse, forbid' [verb];
    bártis `quarrel' [verb]
    Latvian:
    bãrti `scold, blame' [verb];
    bãrtiês `quarrel' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰorH-tei
    Page in Pokorny: 133
    Comments: For semantic reasons it is unclear whether Lat. forāre `perforate', OIc. bora `id.' etc. belong here as well (cf. Schrijver 1991: 216; see also s.v. *borna I). \{2\} The Germanic forms continue PGm. *barjan.
    Other cognates:
    Lat. ferīre `hit' [verb];
    OIc. berja `beat, hit' [verb];
    OHG berjan `hit, pound, knead'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bòrti

  • 7 čàjati

    čàjati Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a
    Page in Trubačev: IV 10-11
    Old Church Slavic:
    čajati `expect, thirst for, hope for' [verb], čajǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    čájat' `expect, hope for' [verb], čáju [1sg], čáet [3sg] \{1\}
    Serbo-Croatian:
    čȁjati `wait' [verb]
    Slovene:
    čȃjati `wait' [verb], čȃjem [1sg]
    Indo-European reconstruction: kweh₁i-e/o-
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 636
    Comments: Its has been a matter of dispute (see LIV s.v. * kʷei-) whether or not the root contains a laryngeal. Even though Dybo (1968: 205, 234, 236) classifies čajati as (c), it seems to me that the evidence warrants the reconstruction of AP (a), which in my framework implies the former presence of a laryngeal.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. cā́yati `perceive, observe' [verb];
    Gk. τίω `esteem, respect highly' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Also AP (a) in Old Russian, with traces of (c) (Zaliznjak 1985: 133).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > čàjati

  • 8 eterъ

    eterъ Grammatical information: prn.
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 187
    Old Church Slavic:
    eterъ `some, someone' [prn o]
    Church Slavic:
    (j)eterъ (RuCS) `some, someone' [prn o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    wot(e)ry `another' [prn o]
    Lower Sorbian:
    wótery, wótary, wótory `some' [prn o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: io-tero-
    IE meaning: someone
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 283
    Comments: It cannot be decided whether this pronoun continues PIE *io-tero- or *h₁e-etero-, cf. Skt. yatará- `which of the two' vs. Av. atāra- `this one of the two'. The Sorbian forms may have been influenced by *vъtorъ `second'.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. yatará- `which of the two'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > eterъ

  • 9 màlъ

    màlъ Grammatical information: adj. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `small, little'
    Page in Trubačev: XVII 173-178
    Old Church Slavic:
    malъ `small, little' [adj o]
    Russian:
    mályj `small, little' [adj o]
    Czech:
    malý `small, little' [adj o]
    Slovak:
    malý `small, little' [adj o]
    Polish:
    maɫy `small, little' [adj o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mȁo `small, little' [adj o];
    Čak. må̃lī (Vrgada) `small, little' [adj o];
    Čak. mȃli (Orbanići) `small, little' [adj o]
    Slovene:
    mȃli `small, little' [adj o]
    Bulgarian:
    mal (BTR) `small, little' [adj o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: moh₁-lo-
    Page in Pokorny: 724
    Comments: The question is whether *màlъ can be linked to PIE *melH-, as has been advocated by Varbot, for instance (1972: 63). In view of the acute root vowel, I consider this unlikely: we would have to posit a lengthened grade root of which the acute intonation is analogical after forms with full or zero grade. Thus, I prefer to reconstruct a root *mH₁-, which in the etymon under discussion is followed by an l-suffix (cf. Vaillant IV, 545, where the root is assumed to be identical with the root of Ru. majat', which I reconstruct as *meH₂-). The Germanic forms would have s mobile and zero grade of the root. Notice that Pokorny classifies CS mělъkъ under 1. mel-, melǝ- `zermalmen, schlagen, mahlen etc.', while OCS malъ can be found under mēlo-, smēlo- `kleines Tier'.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. μη̃λον `small cattle, goat, sheep' [n] \{1\};
    OIr. míl `(small) `animal';
    Go. smals `small, insignificant'
    ;
    OIc. smali `small (live) `stock, sheep'
    Notes:
    \{1\} The Doric form also has η.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > màlъ

  • 10 mogti

    mogti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `be able'
    Page in Trubačev: XIX 107-111
    Old Church Slavic:
    mošti `be able' [verb], mogǫ [1sg], možetъ [3sg]
    Russian:
    moč' `be able' [verb], mogú [1sg], móžet [3sg]
    Czech:
    moci `be able' [verb], mohu [1sg], může [3sg]
    Slovak:
    môct' `be able' [verb], môžem [1sg]
    Polish:
    móc `be able' [verb], mogę [1sg], może [3sg]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mòći `be able' [verb], mògu [1sg], mȍžē [3sg];
    Čak. mȍći (Vrgada) `be able' [verb], mȏgu [1sg], mȍže [3sg];
    Čak. mȍć (Orbanići) `can, be able (to), be allowed (to)' [verb], mȍren [1sg]
    Slovene:
    móči `be able, must' [verb], mǫ́rem [1sg], mórem [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    móga `be able, be allowed' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: mog-
    Lithuanian:
    magė́ti `please, interest' \{1\} [verb], mãga [3sg]
    Old Prussian:
    massi `be able \{2\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: mogʰ-
    IE meaning: be able, capable
    Page in Pokorny: 695
    Comments: The generally accepted apophonic relationship between Slavic *mogti, Lith. magė́ti etc. on the one hand and mė́gti `love, like', Latv. mêgt `be able, be accustomed to' on the other cannot be maintained if one adheres to the view that the lengthened grade yielded a Balto-Slavic circumflex. The acute of the latter verbs may be due to Winter's law (*h₁meǵ- if cognate with Gk. περιημεκτέω `be aggrieved, chafe'). The o-vocalism of magė́ti and the Slavic and the Germanic forms points to an old perfect. For the semantic development `to be able' -> `to like', cf. Go. mag vs. MoHG mögen. As Pokorny remarks himself, his reconstruction *magʰ-, māgʰ- is entirely based on the presumed connection of the aforementioned forms with Gk. μηχανή `means, instrument', μη̃χος `instrument, apparatus', Dor. μᾱχᾱνα, μα̃ χος, which was rejected by Endzelīns (1931: 183), Fraenkel (1951, 168), Stang (1972, 37) a.o. for various reasons (cf. ESSJa X: 110) but nevertheless reappears in Lehmann 1986 (239).
    Other cognates:
    Skt. maghá- `power, wealth, gift'
    ;
    Go. mag `have power, be able' [3sg];
    OIc. mega `be able' [verb], má [3sg];
    OHG magan, mugan `be able' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The verb usually occurs in impersonal constructions. \{2\} The scholarly community is divided with respect to the question whether massi is a borrowing from Slavic (viz. Polish może) or a genuine Prussian form (see Mažiulis III: 114 for the relevant literature).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mogti

  • 11 pìtja

    pìtja Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `food'
    Old Church Slavic:
    pišta `food, bliss' [f jā]
    Russian:
    píšča `food' [f jā]
    Czech:
    píce `fodder' [f jā]
    Old Polish:
    pica `fodder, victuals' [f jā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    pȉća `fodder' [f jā]
    Slovene:
    píča `food, fodder' [f jā]
    Lithuanian:
    piẽtūs `dinner' [Nompm u]
    Comments: The root of Skt. pitú- and related forms is sometimes reconstructed as * pei- (cf. * peiH in Skt. pī́van- `fat', etc.), but * peit- seems more plausible. In view of the accentuation of * pitja, however, one may wonder whether the root * peiH may have influenced * peit-.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. pitú- `nourishment'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > pìtja

См. также в других словарях:

  • whether — 1. For the choice between if and whether, see if 2. 2. When the alternative to the whether clause is a simple negative, this can take several forms, but whether or not is now more usual than whether or no: • I brooded all the way whether or not I …   Modern English usage

  • Whether — Wheth er, conj. In case; if; used to introduce the first or two or more alternative clauses, the other or others being connected by or, or by or whether. When the second of two alternatives is the simple negative of the first it is sometimes only …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Whether or no — Whether Wheth er, conj. In case; if; used to introduce the first or two or more alternative clauses, the other or others being connected by or, or by or whether. When the second of two alternatives is the simple negative of the first it is… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • whether — [hweth′ər, weth′ər] conj. [ME < OE hwæther (akin to Ger weder, neither) < IE * kwotero , which (of two) < base * kwo , who (> WHAT) + compar. suffix] 1. if it be the case or fact that: used to introduce an indirect question [ask… …   English World dictionary

  • Whether — Wheth er, pron. [OE. whether, AS. hw[ae]?er; akin to OS. hwe?ar, OFries. hweder, OHG. hwedar, wedar, G. weder, conj., neither, Icel. hv[=a]rr whether, Goth. hwa?ar, Lith. katras, L. uter, Gr. ?, ?, Skr. katara, from the interrogatively pronoun,… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • whether\ ---\ or — • whether or • whether or whether 1. coord. conj. Used to introduce an indirect question. You must decide whether you should go or stay. I don t know whether Jack or Bill is a better player. Compare: either or 2. Used to show a choice of things,… …   Словарь американских идиом

  • whether — O.E. hwæðer, hweðer which of two, whether, from P.Gmc. *khwatharaz (Cf. O.S. hwedar, O.N. hvarr, Goth. huaþar, O.H.G. hwedar which of the two, Ger. weder neither ), from interrogative base *khwa who (see WHO (Cf …   Etymology dictionary

  • whether — ► CONJUNCTION 1) expressing a doubt or choice between alternatives. 2) expressing an enquiry or investigation. 3) indicating that a statement applies whichever of the alternatives mentioned is the case. USAGE Whether and if are more or less… …   English terms dictionary

  • whether */*/*/ — UK [ˈweðə(r)] / US [ˈweðər] / US [ˈhweðər] conjunction Collocations: Both whether and if can be used to introduce indirect questions of the type that expect a yes/no answer: She asked if/whether I liked jazz. Use whether, but not if, before an… …   English dictionary

  • whether — conjunction 1 used when talking about a choice you have to make or about two different possibilities: He asked me whether she was coming. | The decision whether to see her was mine alone. | whether or not: I coudn t decide whether or not to go to …   Longman dictionary of contemporary English

  • whether — wheth|er [ weðər, hweðər ] conjunction *** 1. ) used when someone does not know which of two possibilities is true: They asked us whether we were married. There is some doubt as to whether the illness is infectious. whether...or: She doesn t even …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

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