-
1 bankabrosh
(Russian) flyer frame (for textiles) -
2 Developing Dyes
Colour substances which, although they have some affinity for textiles, are not brought out in full hue until a developing process has been applied. Ice water is one of the commonest developing agents used. (This group of dyes is not very important) -
3 fábrica
f.factory, industry, industrial plant, mill.* * *1 (industria) factory, plant2 (fabricación) manufacture3 ARQUITECTURA masonry\fábrica de cerveza breweryfábrica de conservas cannery, canning factoryfábrica de gas gasworksfábrica de harina flour millfábrica de montaje assembly plantfábrica de papel paper millprecio de fábrica factory price, ex-works price* * *noun f.1) factory2) plant* * *SF1) (=factoría) factoryprecio de fábrica — price ex-works, price ex-factory
fábrica de acero — steel plant, steelworks
fábrica de conservas — canning plant, cannery
2) (Arquit)de fábrica — stone, stonework
3) (=proceso) manufacture4) And (=alambique) still, distillery* * *femenino factoryfábrica de textiles/papel — textile/paper mill
* * *= factory, manufacturing firm, manufactory, manufacturing enterprise, plant, manufacturing plant.Ex. A thesaurus might advise the searcher that the following alternative terms might prove fruitful: factories and other more specific terms, e.g. Printing works.Ex. Fee-for-service programmes can target non-traditional market segments such as pharmaceutical companies, lawyers, and manufacturing firms who regularly need and willingly pay a premium price for perishable medical information.Ex. The strength of the book 'The American manufactory' lies in its detailed narratives of success and failure.Ex. The author attempts to determine whether South African manufacturing enterprises used information to their competitive advantage.Ex. The author describes the approach and its application to 2 different processes: coffee roasting and decaffeination in a Nestle plant.Ex. Greater London constituted Britain's most important interwar centre for new manufacturing plants.----* como salido de fábrica = in mint condition.* fábrica azucarera = sugar mill.* fábrica de azúcar = sugar factory.* fábrica de azúcar de remolacha = beet sugar factory.* fábrica de carruajes = carriage-making plant.* fábrica de cemento = cement plant.* fábrica de cerámica = ceramics factory.* fábrica de cerveza = brewery.* fábrica de conservas = cannery.* fábrica de diplomados = diploma mill.* fábrica de laminación de acero = steel mill.* fábrica de licenciados = diploma mill.* fábrica de muebles = furniture factory.* fábrica de papel = paper mill, pulp and paper mill.* fábrica de tejidos de algodón = mill, cotton mill.* fábrica de titulados = diploma mill.* fábrica de toneles = cooperage.* fábrica textil = mill.* máquina de fábrica = manufacturing equipment.* perforado de fábrica = pre-drilled.* propietario de una fábrica textil = wool-factor.* trabajador de fábrica = factory worker, factory hand.* * *femenino factoryfábrica de textiles/papel — textile/paper mill
* * *= factory, manufacturing firm, manufactory, manufacturing enterprise, plant, manufacturing plant.Ex: A thesaurus might advise the searcher that the following alternative terms might prove fruitful: factories and other more specific terms, e.g. Printing works.
Ex: Fee-for-service programmes can target non-traditional market segments such as pharmaceutical companies, lawyers, and manufacturing firms who regularly need and willingly pay a premium price for perishable medical information.Ex: The strength of the book 'The American manufactory' lies in its detailed narratives of success and failure.Ex: The author attempts to determine whether South African manufacturing enterprises used information to their competitive advantage.Ex: The author describes the approach and its application to 2 different processes: coffee roasting and decaffeination in a Nestle plant.Ex: Greater London constituted Britain's most important interwar centre for new manufacturing plants.* como salido de fábrica = in mint condition.* fábrica azucarera = sugar mill.* fábrica de azúcar = sugar factory.* fábrica de azúcar de remolacha = beet sugar factory.* fábrica de carruajes = carriage-making plant.* fábrica de cemento = cement plant.* fábrica de cerámica = ceramics factory.* fábrica de cerveza = brewery.* fábrica de conservas = cannery.* fábrica de diplomados = diploma mill.* fábrica de laminación de acero = steel mill.* fábrica de licenciados = diploma mill.* fábrica de muebles = furniture factory.* fábrica de papel = paper mill, pulp and paper mill.* fábrica de tejidos de algodón = mill, cotton mill.* fábrica de titulados = diploma mill.* fábrica de toneles = cooperage.* fábrica textil = mill.* máquina de fábrica = manufacturing equipment.* perforado de fábrica = pre-drilled.* propietario de una fábrica textil = wool-factor.* trabajador de fábrica = factory worker, factory hand.* * *A (planta industrial) factoryfábrica de zapatos/muebles shoe/furniture factoryfábrica de textiles textile millfábrica de papel paper millfábrica de cerveza breweryfábrica de conservas canning plantun defecto de fábrica a manufacturing defectB ( Const) stoneworkuna pared de fábrica a stone wall* * *
Del verbo fabricar: ( conjugate fabricar)
fabrica es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
fabricar
fábrica
fabricar ( conjugate fabricar) verbo transitivo
to manufacture;◊ fábrica en cadena/serie to mass-produce;
( on signs) fabricado en Perú made in Peru
fábrica sustantivo femenino
factory;
fábrica de textiles/papel textile/paper mill;
fábrica de cerveza brewery;
fábrica de conservas cannery
fabricar verbo transitivo
1 (en serie) to manufacture
2 (elaborar) to make
3 (construir) to build
4 figurado to fabricate
fábrica sustantivo femenino factory
fábrica de cemento, cement works
fábrica de cerveza, brewery
fábrica de papel, paper mill
fábrica textil, textile plant
' fábrica' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
bodega
- cantina
- cervecería
- comedor
- comedora
- enchufar
- factoría
- sirena
- volar
- azucarera
- bocina
- cafetería
- cerrar
- chimenea
- cierre
- defecto
- encerrar
- encierro
- fichar
- funcionamiento
- modernizar
- molino
- música
- obrero
- ocupar
- panadería
- papelera
- personal
- situar
- técnico
- telar
- toma
- tomar
- usina
- velador
- vidrio
English:
brewery
- close down
- downgrade
- ex
- factory
- found
- gasworks
- grind
- hooter
- idle
- mill
- nowhere
- output
- plant
- produce
- scale down
- shed
- should
- stop
- trade secret
- work
- armory
- blot
- second
- sweat
- trade
- works
* * *fábrica nf1. [establecimiento industrial] factory;viene instalado de fábrica it's pre-installed;tiene un defecto de fábrica it has a manufacturing defect;es así de fábrica it's like that when you buy itfábrica de cerveza brewery;fábrica de conservas canning plant, cannery;Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre = Spanish national mint;fábrica de papel paper mill;fábrica siderúrgica iron and steelworks [singular]2. [construcción] [ladrillo] brickwork;[piedra] stonework;un muro de fábrica [de ladrillo] a brick wall;[de piedra] a stone wall* * *f1 plant, factory;2 ARQUI stonework;de fábrica stone atr* * *fábrica nffactoría: factory* * *Si se trata de una fábrica de azúcar, de papel o textil se suele llamar mill -
4 Ewart, Peter
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]b. 14 May 1767 Traquair, near Peebles, Scotlandd. September 1842 London, England[br]Scottish pioneer in the mechanization of the textile industry.[br]Peter Ewart, the youngest of six sons, was born at Traquair manse, where his father was a clergyman in the Church of Scotland. He was educated at the Free School, Dumfries, and in 1782 spent a year at Edinburgh University. He followed this with an apprenticeship under John Rennie at Musselburgh before moving south in 1785 to help Rennie erect the Albion corn mill in London. This brought him into contact with Boulton \& Watt, and in 1788 he went to Birmingham to erect a waterwheel and other machinery in the Soho Manufactory. In 1789 he was sent to Manchester to install a steam engine for Peter Drinkwater and thus his long connection with the city began. In 1790 Ewart took up residence in Manchester as Boulton \& Watt's representative. Amongst other engines, he installed one for Samuel Oldknow at Stockport. In 1792 he became a partner with Oldknow in his cotton-spinning business, but because of financial difficulties he moved back to Birmingham in 1795 to help erect the machines in the new Soho Foundry. He was soon back in Manchester in partnership with Samuel Greg at Quarry Bank Mill, Styal, where he was responsible for developing the water power, installing a steam engine, and being concerned with the spinning machinery and, later, gas lighting at Greg's other mills.In 1798, Ewart devised an automatic expansion-gear for steam engines, but steam pressures at the time were too low for such a device to be effective. His grasp of the theory of steam power is shown by his paper to the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society in 1808, On the Measure of Moving Force. In 1813 he patented a power loom to be worked by the pressure of steam or compressed air. In 1824 Charles Babbage consulted him about automatic looms. His interest in textiles continued until at least 1833, when he obtained a patent for a self-acting spinning mule, which was, however, outclassed by the more successful one invented by Richard Roberts. Ewart gave much help and advice to others. The development of the machine tools at Boulton \& Watt's Soho Foundry has been mentioned already. He also helped James Watt with his machine for copying sculptures. While he continued to run his own textile mill, Ewart was also in partnership with Charles Macintosh, the pioneer of rubber-coated cloth. He was involved with William Fairbairn concerning steam engines for the boats that Fairbairn was building in Manchester, and it was through Ewart that Eaton Hodgkinson was introduced to Fairbairn and so made the tests and calculations for the tubes for the Britannia Railway Bridge across the Menai Straits. Ewart was involved with the launching of the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway as he was a director of the Manchester Chamber of Commerce at the time.In 1835 he uprooted himself from Manchester and became the first Chief Engineer for the Royal Navy, assuming responsibility for the steamboats, which by 1837 numbered 227 in service. He set up repair facilities and planned workshops for overhauling engines at Woolwich Dockyard, the first establishment of its type. It was here that he was killed in an accident when a chain broke while he was supervising the lifting of a large boiler. Engineering was Ewart's life, and it is possible to give only a brief account of his varied interests and connections here.[br]Further ReadingObituary, 1843, "Institution of Civil Engineers", Annual General Meeting, January. Obituary, 1843, Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society Memoirs (NS) 7. R.L.Hills, 1987–8, "Peter Ewart, 1767–1843", Manchester Literary and PhilosophicalSociety Memoirs 127.M.B.Rose, 1986, The Gregs of Quarry Bank Mill The Rise and Decline of a Family Firm, 1750–1914, Cambridge (covers E wart's involvement with Samuel Greg).R.L.Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester; R.L.Hills, 1989, Powerfrom Steam, Cambridge (both look at Ewart's involvement with textiles and steam engines).RLH -
5 textil
adj.textile.* * *► adjetivo1 textile1 textile\industria textil textile industryobrero textil textile worker* * *noun m. adj.* * *1. ADJ1) [industria] textile2) [playa] non-nudist2.pl textilesSMPL (=tejidos) textiles3.* * *Iadjetivo textile (before n)IImasculino textile* * *= textile.Ex. The inclusion of much of West Yorkshire in the non-quota textile programme is claimed to be at least partly attributable to this persistence.----* propietario de una fábrica textil = wool-factor.* * *Iadjetivo textile (before n)IImasculino textile* * *= textile.Ex: The inclusion of much of West Yorkshire in the non-quota textile programme is claimed to be at least partly attributable to this persistence.
* propietario de una fábrica textil = wool-factor.* * *textile ( before n)textile(CS)textile mill* * *
textil adjetivo
textile ( before n)
textil adjetivo & sustantivo masculino textile
' textil' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
borla
- fábrica
English:
textile
* * *♦ adjtextile♦ nmtextile♦ nfRP textile millTEXTILES INDÍGENASIn Latin America, many indigenous people still manufacture their traditional textiles by hand, as they did in pre-Columbian times. Made almost exclusively by women, these textiles include “molas” (embroidery from Guatemala and Panama), “huipiles” (shawls from southern Mexico and Guatemala) and “aguayos” (alpaca wool shawls from Bolivia and Peru). “Molas” are cloth panels made of brightly coloured pieces of fabric sewn together to depict animals or a landscape. They can then be used to decorate colourful traditional blouses. “Huipiles” and “aguayos” are woven on looms with a narrow geometrical border and sometimes show ritual animals and objects, or even entire stories. In pre-Columbian times such textiles were worn as ceremonial costumes, given as gifts, offered up to the gods and buried with the dead. Today they are used in everyday accessories, such as blankets, trimmings, handbags and shoes, and “huipiles” and “aguayos” are used for carrying loads (and babies).* * *I adj textile atrII mpl:textiles textiles* * *textil adj & nm: textile* * *textil adj textile -
6 in
Präp.1. räumlich: (wo?) in, at; einer Stadt: in; einem kleineren Ort: auch at; (innerhalb) within; im Haus in(side) the house, indoors; im ersten Stock on the first (Am. second) floor; in der Kirche / Schule at (Am. auch in) church / school; Gebäude: in the church / school; im Theater at the theat|re (Am. auch -er); in England in England; waren Sie schon in England? have you ever been to England?; ich habe in München studiert I studied at (Am. in) Munich; im Kreis in a circle2. räumlich: (wohin?) into, in; in die Kirche / Schule to ( hinein: into the) church / school; in die Schweiz to Switzerland; gehen wir ins Haus let’s go indoors ( oder inside)3. zeitlich: in; (während) during; (innerhalb) within; Dauer: in drei Tagen in three days; in diesem / im letzten / nächsten Jahr this / last / next year; heute in acht Tagen a week (from) today; im Jahr 2003 in (the year) 2003; im ( Monat) Februar in (the month of) February; im Frühling / Herbst in (the) spring / autumn (bes. Am. fall); in der Nacht at night, during the night; in letzter Zeit lately4. Art und Weise: in größter Eile in a great rush; ich bin in Eile I’m in a hurry; in tiefer Trauer in Todesanzeigen: sadly missed by; wir sind in Sorge, dass... we are worried ( oder concerned) that...5. eine Situation bezeichnend: im Alter von at the age of; in Behandlung sein be having treatment; in Vorbereitung being prepared, in preparation, in the pipeline umg.; in einem Klub etc. sein be in a club etc., belong to a club etc.; in Biologie ist er schwach he’s not very good at biology—* * *in; within; into; at* * *ịn [ɪn]1. prep → auch im, inser ist Professor in St. Andrews — he is a professor at St. Andrews (University)
in die Schule/Kirche gehen — to go to school/church
er ist in der Schule/Kirche — he's at or in school/church
die Heizung in der Schule/Kirche — the heating in the school/church
2) (zeitlich: wann? +dat) inin diesem Jahr (laufendes Jahr) — this year; (jenes Jahr) (in) that year
heute/morgen in acht Tagen/zwei Wochen — a week/two weeks today/tomorrow
bis ins 18. Jahrhundert — into or up to the 18th century
vom 16. bis ins 18. Jahrhundert — from the 16th to the 18th century
bis ins 18. Jahrhundert zurück — back to the 18th century
3)in die hunderte or Hunderte gehen — to run into (the) hundreds
er macht jetzt in Gebrauchtwagen (inf) — he's in the second-hand car business now
sie hat es in sich (dat) (inf) — she's quite a girl
dieser Whisky hat es in sich (dat) (inf) — this whisky packs quite a punch (inf), this whisky has quite a kick (inf)
2. adj pred (inf)* * *1) at2) (state or occupation: The countries are at war; She is at work.) at3) (describing the position of a thing etc which is surrounded by something else: My mother is in the house; in London; in bed.) in4) (showing the direction of movement: He put his hand in his pocket.) in5) (describing the time at, after or within which something happens: in the morning; I'll be back in a week.) in6) (indicating amount or relative number: They arrived in large numbers.) in7) (expressing circumstances, state, manner etc of an event, person etc: dressed in a brown coat; walking in the rain; in a hurry; written in English; He is in the army; books tied up in bundles; She is in her sixties.) in8) (describing something which is fashionable or popular: Short skirts are in at the moment.) in9) (to or towards the inside of; to within: The eggs were put into the box; They disappeared into the mist.) into10) (expressing the idea of division: Two into four goes twice.) into11) on13) (in the state or process of: He's on holiday.) on14) (taking part in: He is on the committee; Which detective is working on this case?) on15) (into a particular state or condition: She tore the letter to pieces.) to16) under* * *in1[ɪn]sie wohnt \in Berlin she lives in Berlinbist du schon mal in New York gewesen? have you ever been to New York?ich arbeite seit einem Jahr \in dieser Firma I've been working for this company for a yearer war nie \in einer Partei he has never been a member of a partydu siehst \in diesem Kleid toll aus you look great in that dresses stand gestern \in der Zeitung it was in the newspaper yesterday\in der Kirche/Schule sein to be at church/schoolwir fahren \in die Stadt we're going into towner warf die Reste \in den Mülleimer he threw the leftovers in the bin\in die Kirche/Schule gehen to go to church/school\in die Mongolei/Schweiz to Mongolia/Switzerland\ins Theater gehen to go to the theatre\in einem Jahr bin ich 18 in a year I'll be 18\in diesem Augenblick at this moment\in diesem Jahr/Monat/Sommer this year/month/summerheute \in zwei Wochen two weeks todaywir haben bis \in die Nacht getanzt we danced until the early hoursbis \in das neunzehnte Jahrhundert hinein up to [or into] the nineteenth centurybis \in jds früheste Kindheit zurück back to sb's earliest childhooder ist Fachmann \in seinem Beruf he is an expert in his field\in Französisch haben wir eine Muttersprachlerin we have a native speaker in [or for] Frenchich habe mich \in ihm getäuscht I was wrong about himetw hat es \in sich sth has what it takesder Schnaps hat es \in sich the schnapps packs a punch, that's some schnapps!er handelt \in Textilien he deals in textileshaben Sie nichts \in Blau? haven't you got anything in blue?\in Schwierigkeiten sein [o stecken] to be in difficulties\in Vorbereitung sein to be being prepared\in Wirklichkeit in realityin2[ɪn]▪ \in sein to be indiese Musik ist gerade \in this kind of music is really in at the moment* * *I 1.1) (räumlich, fig.) inin Deutschland/der Schweiz — in Germany/Switzerland
in der Schule/Kirche — at school/church
in der Schule/Kirche steht noch eine alte Orgel — there's still an old organ in the school/church
2) (zeitlich) inin zwei Tagen/einer Woche — in two days/a week
[gerade] in dem Moment, als er kam — the [very] moment he came
in diesem Jahr/Monat — this/that year/month
3) (modal) inin Farbe/Schwarzweiß — in colour/black and white
in deutsch/englisch — in German/English
in Mathematik/Englisch — in mathematics/English
4) iner hat es in sich — (ugs.) he's got what it takes (coll.)
der Schnaps/diese Übersetzung hat es in sich — (ugs.) this schnapps packs a punch (coll.) /this translation is a tough one
5) (Kaufmannsspr.)2.in etwas handeln — deal in something; s. auch im
1) (räumlich, fig.) intoin die Stadt/das Dorf — into town/the village
in die Kirche/Schule gehen — go to church/school
2) (zeitlich) into3) (fig.)sich in jemanden verlieben — fall in love with somebody
IIin etwas einwilligen — agree or consent to something; s. auch ins
Adjektiv (ugs.)* * *in1 präpim Haus in(side) the house, indoors;im ersten Stock on the first (US second) floor;im Theater at the theatre (US auch -er);in England in England;waren Sie schon in England? have you ever been to England?;ich habe in München studiert I studied at (US in) Munich;im Kreis in a circle2. räumlich: (wohin?) into, in;in die Kirche/Schule to ( hinein: into the) church/school;in die Schweiz to Switzerland;gehen wir ins Haus let’s go indoors ( oder inside)in drei Tagen in three days;in diesem/im letzten/nächsten Jahr this/last/next year;heute in acht Tagen a week (from) today;im Jahr 2003 in (the year) 2003;im (Monat) Februar in (the month of) February;im Frühling/Herbst in (the) spring/autumn (besonders US fall);in der Nacht at night, during the night;in letzter Zeit lately4. Art und Weise:in größter Eile in a great rush;ich bin in Eile I’m in a hurry;in tiefer Trauer in Todesanzeigen: sadly missed by;wir sind in Sorge, dass … we are worried ( oder concerned) that …im Alter von at the age of;in Behandlung sein be having treatment;in Vorbereitung being prepared, in preparation, in the pipeline umg;in einem Klub etcin Biologie ist er schwach he’s not very good at biology6. WIRTSCH in;in2 adj; nur präd:in sein umg be in, be the fashion1. (Böttcher) cooper2. obs (Warenkontrolleur) etwa port inspector* * *I 1.1) (räumlich, fig.) inin Deutschland/der Schweiz — in Germany/Switzerland
in der Schule/Kirche — at school/church
in der Schule/Kirche steht noch eine alte Orgel — there's still an old organ in the school/church
2) (zeitlich) inin zwei Tagen/einer Woche — in two days/a week
[gerade] in dem Moment, als er kam — the [very] moment he came
in diesem Jahr/Monat — this/that year/month
3) (modal) inin Farbe/Schwarzweiß — in colour/black and white
in deutsch/englisch — in German/English
in Mathematik/Englisch — in mathematics/English
4) iner hat es in sich — (ugs.) he's got what it takes (coll.)
der Schnaps/diese Übersetzung hat es in sich — (ugs.) this schnapps packs a punch (coll.) /this translation is a tough one
5) (Kaufmannsspr.)2.in etwas handeln — deal in something; s. auch im
1) (räumlich, fig.) intoin die Stadt/das Dorf — into town/the village
in die Kirche/Schule gehen — go to church/school
2) (zeitlich) into3) (fig.)IIin etwas einwilligen — agree or consent to something; s. auch ins
Adjektiv (ugs.)* * *(... hinein) präp.into prep. (hellen) Scharen ausdr.in droves expr. (nach) Übersee adj.overseas adj. adj.on adj. präp.at prep.in prep.into prep. -
7 bourre
bourre [buʀ]feminine noun[de coussin] stuffing* * *buʀ1) ( pour remplissage) stuffing; ( déchets textiles) flock; ( de cartouche) wad2) ( en botanique) down••être à la bourre — (colloq) to be pushed for time
* * *buʀ nf1) [coussin, matelas] stuffing2) (autre locution) *Là j'ai pas le temps, on est à la bourre. — I don't have time right now, we're rushed off our feet.
* * *A ◑†nm ( policier) cop○.B nf2 Bot down.I(très familier) [bur] nom masculinles bourres the cops, the fuzzII[bur] nom féminin————————à la bourre locution adverbialeb. [dans son travail] to be behind -
8 Falcon
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]fl. c.1728 France[br]French improver of the pattern-selection apparatus of Bouchon for weaving.[br]In 1728, Falcon used punched cards, one for each pick, to replace the roll of pierced paper that Bouchon had used for storing the pattern to be woven. The selection of the leashes was the same as the method used by Bouchon. The appropriate card was pressed against a set of horizontal needles at the side of the loom by the drawboy, who then lifted those leashes that had been selected ready for the weaver to send the shuttle across for that pick. The cards could be sewn up into an endless loop so the pattern could be repeated time after time. This apparatus could select a greater width of pattern than Bouchon's because the cards were pressed against the needles by a square block of wood known as the prism or cylinder. This meant that rows of needles could be mounted below each other, allowing for many more to be fitted into the space. Vaucanson tried to make alterations to this apparatus, but the Falcon method remained in use until 1817 at Lyon and formed the basis for the later improvements by Jacquard.[br]Further ReadingM.Daumas (ed.), 1968, Histoire générale des techniques, Vol. III, L'Expansion du machinisme, Paris.Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 1942, Catalogue du musée, section T, industries textiles, teintures et apprêtes, Paris (includes a picture of a model of Falcon's apparatus in the museum).RLH -
9 Dickson, J.T.
[br]b. c.1920 Scotland[br]Scottish co-inventor of the polyester fibre, Terylene.[br]The introduction of one type of artificial fibre encouraged chemists to look for more. J.T.Dickson and J.R. Whinfield discovered one such fibre in 1941 when they derived polyester from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol. Dickson, a 21-year-old Edinburgh graduate, was working under Whinfield at the Calico Printers' Association research laboratory at Broad Oak Print Works in Accrington. He was put onto fibre research: probably in April, but certainly by 5 July 1941, a murky-looking resin had been synthesized, out of which Dickson successfully drew a filament, which was named "Terylene" by its discoverers. Owing to restrictions imposed in Britain during the Second World War, this fibre was developed initially by the DuPont Company in the USA, where it was marketed under the name "Dacron". When Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) were able to manufacture it in Britain, it acquired the brand name "Terylene" and became very popular. Under the microscope, Terylene appears identical to nylon: longitudinally, it is completely devoid of any structure and the filaments appear as glass rods with a perfectly circular cross-section. The uses of Terylene are similar to those of nylon, but it has two advantages. First, it can be heat-set by exposing the fabric to a temperature about 30°C higher than is likely to be encountered in everyday use, and therefore can be the basis for "easy-care" clothing such as drip-dry shirts. It can be blended with other fibres such as wool, and when pressed at a high temperature the creases are remarkably durable. It is also remarkably resistant to chemicals, which makes it particularly suitable for industrial purposes under conditions where other textile materials would be degraded rapidly. Dickson later worked for ICI.[br]Further ReadingFor accounts of the discovery of Terylene, see: J.R.Whinfield, 1953, Textile Research Journal (May). R.Collins, 1991, "Terylene", Historian 30 (Spring).Accounts of the introduction of svnthetic fibres are covered in: D.S.Lyle, 1982, Modern Textiles, New York.S.R.Cockett, An Introduction to Man-Made Fibres.G.R.Wray, Modern Yarn Production.RLH -
10 Trade
Owing to the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, England ( Great Britain after 1707) was, until the 1920s, Portugal's main trading partner. The Methuen Treaty (1703) stipulated that Portuguese wines and English woolens would be exempt from custom duties. The imperial nationalist economic ideas of the Estado Novo directed Portuguese trade toward its Africa colonies of Angola, Mozambique, and Guinea- Bissau. The historical importance of the British export market to Portuguese trade necessitated Portugal becoming a charter member of the European Free Trade Area (EFTA) in 1959.When Britain joined the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1973, Portugal had to follow, with a trade agreement with the European Union (EU). Negotiations between Portugal and the EU produced an accord that stipulated mutual tariff reductions, until their disappearance in mid-1977 on industrial products, while EU member states were allowed to restrict some Portuguese textiles and paper and cork products. Tariffs were also reduced for Portuguese tinned tomatoes and fish, as well as for port wine. Since gaining full membership in the EU in 1986. Portugal's trade has shifted strongly toward continental EU member states. In the 1990s, EEC/EU member states purchased nearly 75 percent of Portugal's exports and supplied nearly 70 percent of its imports. Within the EEC/EU, Britain, Germany, France, and Spain are Portugal's a main trading partners. Portuguese trade with its former colonies fell sharply after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, as Portugal turned away from Africa and toward Europe.In 2007, Portugal's major commodity exports have been textiles, clothing, footwear, machinery, transportation equipment, paper and cork products, wine, tomato paste, chemicals, and plastic products. Portugal's comparative advantage lies in its low hourly costs for skilled labor, which are about 20 percent lower than other EU member states. Manufactured goods account for about 75 percent of merchandise imports; food and beverages about 10 percent; and raw materials (mainly petroleum) about 15 percent. -
11 bourré
bourre [buʀ]feminine noun[de coussin] stuffing* * *buʀ1) ( pour remplissage) stuffing; ( déchets textiles) flock; ( de cartouche) wad2) ( en botanique) down••être à la bourre — (colloq) to be pushed for time
* * *buʀ nf1) [coussin, matelas] stuffing2) (autre locution) *Là j'ai pas le temps, on est à la bourre. — I don't have time right now, we're rushed off our feet.
* * *A ◑†nm ( policier) cop○.B nf2 Bot down. -
12 краситель применяется для окраски
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > краситель применяется для окраски
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13 calesa
f.calash.* * *1 coloquial calash, calèche* * *SF chaise, calash, buggy* * *femenino calash* * *= horse and buggy, buggy, victoria.Ex. It is certainly a new technology in the same sense that the 'horseless carriage' automobile was a different technology from the horse and buggy.Ex. The emphasis on industrial production meant that niceties would have to wait: there were textiles to be made and buggies to be turned out.Ex. When the market for shining victorias and handy runabouts was climaxed by the building of 'horseless carriages,' and tax benefits and lower wages lured mill owners south, thousands emigrated westward.* * *femenino calash* * *= horse and buggy, buggy, victoria.Ex: It is certainly a new technology in the same sense that the 'horseless carriage' automobile was a different technology from the horse and buggy.
Ex: The emphasis on industrial production meant that niceties would have to wait: there were textiles to be made and buggies to be turned out.Ex: When the market for shining victorias and handy runabouts was climaxed by the building of 'horseless carriages,' and tax benefits and lower wages lured mill owners south, thousands emigrated westward.* * *calash* * *
calesa sustantivo femenino buggy
' calesa' also found in these entries:
English:
buggy
- rickshaw
* * *calesa nf= open-topped horse-drawn carriage -
14 coche de caballos
* * *(n.) = horse and buggy, buggy, victoriaEx. It is certainly a new technology in the same sense that the 'horseless carriage' automobile was a different technology from the horse and buggy.Ex. The emphasis on industrial production meant that niceties would have to wait: there were textiles to be made and buggies to be turned out.Ex. When the market for shining victorias and handy runabouts was climaxed by the building of 'horseless carriages,' and tax benefits and lower wages lured mill owners south, thousands emigrated westward.* * ** * *(n.) = horse and buggy, buggy, victoriaEx: It is certainly a new technology in the same sense that the 'horseless carriage' automobile was a different technology from the horse and buggy.
Ex: The emphasis on industrial production meant that niceties would have to wait: there were textiles to be made and buggies to be turned out.Ex: When the market for shining victorias and handy runabouts was climaxed by the building of 'horseless carriages,' and tax benefits and lower wages lured mill owners south, thousands emigrated westward.* * *horse-drawn carriage -
15 cordón
m.1 cord, string, lace, cordon.2 shoelace, lace, shoestring.3 chorda, tendon cord.4 tract, channel, funiculus.* * *1 (cuerda) string2 (de zapatos) shoelace, shoestring3 (de adorno) braid, cord4 ELECTRICIDAD flex5 RELIGIÓN cord6 (cadena humana) cordon\cordón umbilical umbilical cord* * *noun m.1) lace, cord2) cordon* * *SM1) (=cuerda) cord, string; [de zapato] lace, shoelace2) (Náut) strand; (Mil) braidpl cordones (Mil) aiguillettes3) (Elec) flex, wire (EEUU), cord (EEUU)cordón detonante — Cono Sur fuse
4) (Anat) cord5) [de policía] cordon6) (Arquit) cordon7) Cono Sur (=bordillo) kerb, curb (EEUU)8) (Geog)cordón de cerros — And, Caribe, Cono Sur chain of hills
* * *1)a) ( cuerda) cordb) ( de zapatos) shoelace, lacec) (Elec) cordd) (Náut) strande) ( de personas) cordon2)a) (CS) ( de cerros) chainb) (RPl) ( de la vereda) curb (AmE), kerb (BrE)* * *= cord, braid, drawstring, lanyard, string.Ex. The cord which trips its shutter may reach down a man's sleeve within easy reach of his fingers.Ex. The author describes the weaving techniques and the designs that appear on the textiles, especially the decorative braids.Ex. He was wearing a pair of navy-blue swimming trunks many sizes too large but they had a drawstring, so that didn't matter.Ex. Attendants will also be provided with lanyards so that they can wear their name tags around the neck.Ex. For example, violins, cellos, harps, guitars and lutes are all musical instruments which produce sound through the bowing or plucking of strings.----* cordón del zapato = shoestring, shoelace.* cordón umbilical = lifeline, umbilical cord, umbilical.* * *1)a) ( cuerda) cordb) ( de zapatos) shoelace, lacec) (Elec) cordd) (Náut) strande) ( de personas) cordon2)a) (CS) ( de cerros) chainb) (RPl) ( de la vereda) curb (AmE), kerb (BrE)* * *= cord, braid, drawstring, lanyard, string.Ex: The cord which trips its shutter may reach down a man's sleeve within easy reach of his fingers.
Ex: The author describes the weaving techniques and the designs that appear on the textiles, especially the decorative braids.Ex: He was wearing a pair of navy-blue swimming trunks many sizes too large but they had a drawstring, so that didn't matter.Ex: Attendants will also be provided with lanyards so that they can wear their name tags around the neck.Ex: For example, violins, cellos, harps, guitars and lutes are all musical instruments which produce sound through the bowing or plucking of strings.* cordón del zapato = shoestring, shoelace.* cordón umbilical = lifeline, umbilical cord, umbilical.* * *A1 (cuerda) cord2 (de zapatos) shoelace, lace4 ( Náut) strand5 (de personas) cordonCompuestos:police cordoncordon sanitaireumbilical cordgreen beltB2 (CS) (de cerros) chain* * *
cordón sustantivo masculino
1
c) (Elec) cord
2
cordón sustantivo masculino
1 Cost (de seda, de franciscano, etc) cord
(de zapatos) shoelace
2 (de un teléfono, una lámpara) cord, flex
3 (de personas) cordon
4 Anat cordón umbilical, umbilical cord
' cordón' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acordonar
- desatarse
- devanar
- ligadura
- anudar
- desatado
- elástico
- pasador
- zapato
English:
bootstrap
- cord
- cordon
- flex
- lace
- rip cord
- shoelace
- umbilical
- burst
- curb
- draw
- rip
- shoe
- umbilical cord
* * *cordón nm1. [cuerda] lace2. [de zapato] lace3. cordón umbilical umbilical cord4. [cable eléctrico] flex5. Náut strand6. [para protección, vigilancia] cordoncordón policial police cordon;cordón sanitario cordon sanitaire7.aparcar en cordón to park end-to-end8. CSur, Cuba [de la vereda] Br kerb, US curb* * *m1 cord; de zapato shoelacekerb* * *1) : cordcordón umbilical: umbilical cord2) : cordon* * *cordón n1. (cuerda) cord2. (de zapato) lace / shoelace3. (cable) lead -
16 cáñamo
m.hemp, hempen cloth.* * *1 BOTÁNICA hemp2 (tela) hempen cloth\cáñamo indio cannabis* * *SM (Bot) hemp; (=tela) hemp cloth; CAm, Caribe, Cono Sur (=cuerda) hemp ropecáñamo indio — Indian hemp, marijuana plant
* * ** * *= hempen, rope-fibre, hemp.Ex. The raw material of white paper was undyed linen -- or in very early days hempen -- rags, which the paper-maker bought in bulk, sorted and washed, and then put by in a damp heap for four or five days to rot.Ex. The boards were generally made of wood up to the later fifteenth century; then of sheets of paper pasted together ('pasteboard'); and then, from the early eighteenth century in good-quality binding but later in cheap work, of rope-fibre millboard.Ex. Again, in Class M7 Textiles we find that the Personality facet P is considered to be the Fibre (Cotton, Flax, hemp, etc) and in the Energy facet are found the operations (Spinning, Weaving, Carding, etc.).----* suela de cáñamo = rope sole.* * ** * *= hempen, rope-fibre, hemp.Ex: The raw material of white paper was undyed linen -- or in very early days hempen -- rags, which the paper-maker bought in bulk, sorted and washed, and then put by in a damp heap for four or five days to rot.
Ex: The boards were generally made of wood up to the later fifteenth century; then of sheets of paper pasted together ('pasteboard'); and then, from the early eighteenth century in good-quality binding but later in cheap work, of rope-fibre millboard.Ex: Again, in Class M7 Textiles we find that the Personality facet P is considered to be the Fibre (Cotton, Flax, hemp, etc) and in the Energy facet are found the operations (Spinning, Weaving, Carding, etc.).* suela de cáñamo = rope sole.* * *1 (planta) cannabis plant, hemp2 (tela) canvas* * *
cáñamo sustantivo masculino ( planta) cannabis plant, hemp;
( tela) canvas
cáñamo sustantivo masculino Bot Text hemp
' cáñamo' also found in these entries:
English:
hemp
- string
- twine
* * *cáñamo nmhempcáñamo índico Indian hemp;cáñamo indio Indian hemp* * *m1 hemp2 L.Am.marijuana plant* * *cáñamo nm: hemp -
17 entrecruzar
v.1 to interweave.2 to interlace, to intersect, to crisscross, to intertwine.* * *1 to interweave* * *1. VT1) (=entrelazar) to interlace, interweave, intertwine2) (Bio) to cross, interbreed2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo to intertwine, interweave2.entrecruzarse v pron1) hilos/cintas to intertwine, interweave2) razas to interbreed* * *= criss-cross [crisscross], intertwine, interlock, interweave, knot together, interlace.Ex. The university buildings are grouped about stretches of greensward crisscrossed by paths and canopied by impressive trees.Ex. Traditional and emerging markets for library school graduates are likely to intertwine rather than exist as parallel trends in the future.Ex. Panopoulos put her arms on the desk, interlocked her fingers, and forward, her eyes glinting with rage behind her thick spectacles.Ex. Information services should also be interwoven with the social fabric and firmly rooted in a commuity in order to be acceptable.Ex. Every project in this book is made by knotting together some type of cordage.Ex. In structure, baskets were closely related to textiles: both were made by interlacing strands of threads by hand.----* entrecruzar las piernas = overlap + legs.* que se entrecruzan = intertwined.* * *1.verbo transitivo to intertwine, interweave2.entrecruzarse v pron1) hilos/cintas to intertwine, interweave2) razas to interbreed* * *= criss-cross [crisscross], intertwine, interlock, interweave, knot together, interlace.Ex: The university buildings are grouped about stretches of greensward crisscrossed by paths and canopied by impressive trees.
Ex: Traditional and emerging markets for library school graduates are likely to intertwine rather than exist as parallel trends in the future.Ex: Panopoulos put her arms on the desk, interlocked her fingers, and forward, her eyes glinting with rage behind her thick spectacles.Ex: Information services should also be interwoven with the social fabric and firmly rooted in a commuity in order to be acceptable.Ex: Every project in this book is made by knotting together some type of cordage.Ex: In structure, baskets were closely related to textiles: both were made by interlacing strands of threads by hand.* entrecruzar las piernas = overlap + legs.* que se entrecruzan = intertwined.* * *entrecruzar [A4 ]vtto intertwine, interweaveA «hilos/cintas» to intertwine, interweaveB «razas» to interbreed* * *
entrecruzar ( conjugate entrecruzar) verbo transitivo
to intertwine, interweave
' entrecruzar' also found in these entries:
English:
crisscross
* * *♦ vt[líneas, trazos, hilos] to interweave* * *entrecruzar {21} vtentrelazar: to interweave, to intertwine -
18 entrelazar
v.1 to interlace, to interlink.2 to intertwine, to mat, to enlace, to interlock.* * *1 to entwine, interweave, interlace\entrelazar las manos to join one's hands, hold hands* * *verbto intertwine, interweave* * *1.verbo transitivo <cintas/hilos> to interweave, intertwine2.entrelazarse v pron to intertwine, interweave* * *= lock together, criss-cross [crisscross], intertwine, entwine, interlock, mesh, braid, knot together, interweave, twine, interlace.Ex. As the water was draining away between the wires of the sieve, he gave the mould a sideways shake locking the fibres together and 'shutting' the sheet.Ex. The university buildings are grouped about stretches of greensward crisscrossed by paths and canopied by impressive trees.Ex. Traditional and emerging markets for library school graduates are likely to intertwine rather than exist as parallel trends in the future.Ex. The Zimbabwe Library Association history is entwined with library development in Zimbabwe (Rhodesia).Ex. Panopoulos put her arms on the desk, interlocked her fingers, and forward, her eyes glinting with rage behind her thick spectacles.Ex. Meshing together the many means of communication remains the central task of libraries and this task continues to require financial support = La tarea central de las bibliotecas sigue siendo la de combinar los númerosos medios de comunicación, algo que continúa necesitando apoyo económico.Ex. This is a painting of a girl in a red dress with her hair braided, seated behind a parapet near a window.Ex. Every project in this book is made by knotting together some type of cordage.Ex. Information services should also be interwoven with the social fabric and firmly rooted in a commuity in order to be acceptable.Ex. This liana has an old stem twining around a tree branch in the tropical deciduous forest of Michoacan, Mexico.Ex. In structure, baskets were closely related to textiles: both were made by interlacing strands of threads by hand.----* entrelazarse = become + intertwined.* * *1.verbo transitivo <cintas/hilos> to interweave, intertwine2.entrelazarse v pron to intertwine, interweave* * *= lock together, criss-cross [crisscross], intertwine, entwine, interlock, mesh, braid, knot together, interweave, twine, interlace.Ex: As the water was draining away between the wires of the sieve, he gave the mould a sideways shake locking the fibres together and 'shutting' the sheet.
Ex: The university buildings are grouped about stretches of greensward crisscrossed by paths and canopied by impressive trees.Ex: Traditional and emerging markets for library school graduates are likely to intertwine rather than exist as parallel trends in the future.Ex: The Zimbabwe Library Association history is entwined with library development in Zimbabwe (Rhodesia).Ex: Panopoulos put her arms on the desk, interlocked her fingers, and forward, her eyes glinting with rage behind her thick spectacles.Ex: Meshing together the many means of communication remains the central task of libraries and this task continues to require financial support = La tarea central de las bibliotecas sigue siendo la de combinar los númerosos medios de comunicación, algo que continúa necesitando apoyo económico.Ex: This is a painting of a girl in a red dress with her hair braided, seated behind a parapet near a window.Ex: Every project in this book is made by knotting together some type of cordage.Ex: Information services should also be interwoven with the social fabric and firmly rooted in a commuity in order to be acceptable.Ex: This liana has an old stem twining around a tree branch in the tropical deciduous forest of Michoacan, Mexico.Ex: In structure, baskets were closely related to textiles: both were made by interlacing strands of threads by hand.* entrelazarse = become + intertwined.* * *entrelazar [A4 ]vt‹cintas/hilos› to interweave, intertwinecaminaban con las manos entrelazadas they walked along hand in handto intertwine, interweave* * *
entrelazar ( conjugate entrelazar) verbo transitivo ‹cintas/hilos› to interweave, intertwine;
entrelazarse verbo pronominal
to intertwine, interweave
entrelazar verbo transitivo, entrelazarse verbo reflexivo to entwine
' entrelazar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
entrelazarse
- trabar
- entretejer
English:
entwine
- interlock
- intertwine
* * *♦ vt[dedos] to interlace; [líneas, trazos] to intertwine; [hilos, cintas] to interweave; [historias, destinos, vidas] to intertwine, to weave together;entrelazaron sus manos they joined hands* * *v/t interweave, intertwine* * *entrelazar {21} vtentrecruzar: to interweave, to intertwine -
19 entretejer
v.1 to interweave.2 to intertwine, to braid, to mat, to string together.* * *1 to interweave, intertwine* * *VT1) [+ hilos] to interweave, intertwine2) (=entremezclar) to interweave* * ** * *= intertwine, interweave, knot together, weave together, interlace.Ex. Traditional and emerging markets for library school graduates are likely to intertwine rather than exist as parallel trends in the future.Ex. Information services should also be interwoven with the social fabric and firmly rooted in a commuity in order to be acceptable.Ex. Every project in this book is made by knotting together some type of cordage.Ex. She does this by weaving together, in a highly structured pattern, pieces from a variety of texts.Ex. In structure, baskets were closely related to textiles: both were made by interlacing strands of threads by hand.* * ** * *= intertwine, interweave, knot together, weave together, interlace.Ex: Traditional and emerging markets for library school graduates are likely to intertwine rather than exist as parallel trends in the future.
Ex: Information services should also be interwoven with the social fabric and firmly rooted in a commuity in order to be acceptable.Ex: Every project in this book is made by knotting together some type of cordage.Ex: She does this by weaving together, in a highly structured pattern, pieces from a variety of texts.Ex: In structure, baskets were closely related to textiles: both were made by interlacing strands of threads by hand.* * *entretejer [E1 ]vt‹hilos› (en una tela) to weave; (entrelazar) to interweaveuna composición entretejida de citas an essay interwoven o interspersed with quotes* * *
entretejer ( conjugate entretejer) verbo transitivo ‹ hilos› ( en tela) to weave;
( entrelazar) to interweave
' entretejer' also found in these entries:
English:
twine
- weave
- interweave
* * *entretejer vt1. [hilos] to interweave2. [enlazar] to interlace3. [incluir] to insert, to put in;entretejer citas con el texto to insert quotations throughout the text* * *v/t interweave* * *entretejer vt: to interweave -
20 lino
m.1 linen, flax.2 Linus, Lino.* * *1 (tela) linen2 BOTÁNICA flax* * *noun m.1) linen2) flax* * *SM1) (Bot) flax2) Cono Sur (=linaza) linseed3) (=ropa fina) linen; (=lona) canvas* * ** * *= linen, flax.Ex. The raw material of white paper was undyed linen -- or in very early days hempen -- rags, which the paper-maker bought in bulk, sorted and washed, and then put by in a damp heap for four or five days to rot.Ex. Again, in Class M7 Textiles we find that the Personality facet P is considered to be the Fibre (Cotton, flax, Hemp, etc) and in the Energy facet are found the operations (Spinning, Weaving, Carding, etc.).* * ** * *= linen, flax.Ex: The raw material of white paper was undyed linen -- or in very early days hempen -- rags, which the paper-maker bought in bulk, sorted and washed, and then put by in a damp heap for four or five days to rot.
Ex: Again, in Class M7 Textiles we find that the Personality facet P is considered to be the Fibre (Cotton, flax, Hemp, etc) and in the Energy facet are found the operations (Spinning, Weaving, Carding, etc.).* * *1 (planta) flax* * *
lino sustantivo masculino ( planta) flax;
( tela) linen
lino sustantivo masculino
1 Bot flax
2 Tex linen
' lino' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
mezcla
- hilo
- linóleo
English:
flax
- linen
- lino
* * *lino nm1. [planta] flax2. [tejido] linen* * *m linen; BOT flax* * *lino nm1) : linen2) : flax* * *
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