Ἴσει

ῥαίω

break: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)

ῥαίω

break: fut ind mid 2nd sg

ῥαίω

break: fut ind act 3rd sg

ῥᾱίσει, ῥαίζω

grow easier: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)

ῥᾱίσει, ῥαίζω

grow easier: fut ind mid 2nd sg

ῥᾱίσει, ῥαίζω

grow easier: fut ind act 3rd sg

ῥᾱΐσει, ῥαίζω

grow easier: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)

ῥαίω

break: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)

ῥαίω

break: fut ind mid 2nd sg

ῥαίω

break: fut ind act 3rd sg

ῥᾱίσει, ῥαίζω

grow easier: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)

ῥᾱίσει, ῥαίζω

grow easier: fut ind mid 2nd sg

ῥᾱίσει, ῥαίζω

grow easier: fut ind act 3rd sg

ῥᾱΐσει, ῥαίζω

grow easier: aor subj act 3rd sg (epic)

φθίω, ἔφθιον, each once in Hom. (v. infr. 1.2), the common [tense] pres. being [full] φθίνω, Od.5.161, al. (also [full] φθινύθω, q. v.): [tense] impf.

A

ἔφθῐνον Hdt.3.29

, Pl.Ti. 77a: [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. φθ (ε) ίσω, e)/fq (e) ισα and ἔφθῐσα (v. infr. 11): [tense] pf. ἔφθῐκα v. l. in Dsc.Praef.6 (cf. φθινάω), ([etym.] ἀπ-) Them.Or.28.341d:—[voice] Med. and [voice] Pass. (in same sense), [tense] fut. φθίσομαι (leg. φθείσομαι, in view of φθείσω, v. infr. 11) Il.11.821 ( φθειται PGen. (ii B. C.)), 19.329, 24.86 (v.l.), Od.13.384: [tense] aor. 1 φθίσασθαι ([etym.] ἀπο-) Q.S. 14.545: [ per.] 3pl. [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. ἔφθῐθεν, v. ἀποφθίνω: [tense] aor. 2

ἐφθίμην, ἔφθῐσο A.Th. 971

(lyr.);

ἔφθῐτο Il.18.100

, Thgn.1141 (nisi leg. ἔφθιται), A.Eu. 458, S.OT 962, E.Alc. 414 (lyr.); [ per.] 3pl.

ἐφθίατο Il.1.251

; imper. [ per.] 3sg. φθίσθω ([etym.] ἀπο-) 8.429; [dialect] Ep. subj.

φθίεται 20.173

,

φθιόμεσθα 14.87

; opt. φθίμην ([etym.] ἀπο-) Od.10.51, φθῖτο ([etym.] φθῖτ') 11.330 (the v.l. φθεῖτ' is incorrect); inf.

φθίσθαι Il.9.246

, 13.667, Od.14.117, 15.354, ([etym.] κατα-) 2.183 (always with incorrect v. l. φθεῖσθαι); part. φθίμενος, v. infr. 1.2: rare in [tense] pf.,

ἔφθιται Od.20.340

, [ per.] 3pl.

ἐξ-έφθινται A.Pers. 679

(lyr.). [Hom. has [pron. full] ῑ in φθίῃς (infr.1.2), [pron. full] ῐ in ἔφθιεν (infr.), φθιόμεσθα, φθίεται: [pron. full] ῑ always in [tense] fut. and [tense] aor. φθίσω, φθίσομαι, ἔφθισα (sed v. infr. 11), cf. φθῑσήνωρ, φθῑσίμβροτος (qq. v.): [pron. full] ῐ always in [tense] aor. and [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. (v. supr.), exc. in opt. (v. supr.):—Hom. also uses [pron. full] ῑ in φθίνω (prob. fr. Φθῐ-νϝω, cf. φθίνυθω ) whereas [pron. full] ῐ always in φθῐνω in Pi. and Trag., who use [pron. full] ῐ even in ἔφθισα, v. infr. 11.] (Cf. ψίνω, ψινάς, ψίσις: φθῐ- and ψῐ- correspond to Skt. k[snull ]i-, [tense] pres. k[snull ]iṇā´ti, k[snull ]iṇóti, 'he destroys', [voice] Pass. K[snull ][imacracute]yante 'they perish', ák[snull ]itas ( = ἄφθιτος) 'imperishable', [tense] fut. stem k[snull ]e[snull ]ya- ( = φθεισο-), [tense] aor. stem k[snull ]e[snull ]- (= φθεις-).)

I decay, wane, of Time, πρίν κεν νὺξ φθῖτο (opt. [tense] aor. ) first would the night be come to an end, Od.11.330:

τῆς νῦν φθιμένης νυκτός S.Aj. 141

(anap.); in this sense mostly in [tense] pres. φθίνω, φθίνουσιν νύκτες τε καὶ ἤματα they wane or pass away, Od.11.183, etc.; μηδέ τοι αἰὼν φθινέτω let not thy life be wasted, 5.161: esp.

b of the moon, wane, [

σελήνη] αὐξανομένη καὶ φθίνουσα Arist.Cael. 291b20

; hence, in monthly reckoning, μηνῶν φθινόντων in the moon's wane, i.e. towards the month's end, 10.470, etc.; later, μὴν φθίνων, the last decad, IG12.298.17, 328.13, Th.5.54, etc.; opp. ἱστάμενος (

ἵστημι B. 111.4

), μεσῶν, but in Hom., the second half of the month ([etym.] τοῦ μὲν φθίνοντος μηνός, τοῦ δ' ἱσταμένοιο), Od.14.162, 19.307.

c of the stars, decline, set, A.Ag.7 (prob. interpol.).

2 of persons, waste away, pine, perish,

ὥς κε δόλῳ φθίῃς Od.2.368

(perh. [tense] aor. subj. with [pron. full] ῑ metri grat.); ἤτοι ὁ τῆς ἀχέων φρένας ἔφθιεν was wasting away in mind, Il.18.446 (perh. trans., causing his heart to pine; prob. [tense] impf., but possibly [tense] aor.);

φθίνει καὶ μαραίνεται νόσῳ E.Alc. 203

;

ἐκ φόνων S.Tr. 558

; οἱ φθίνοντες consumptive people, Hp.Aph.3.10, cf. Epid.1.24.

b of life, strength, etc.,

οὐ φθίνει ἀρετά Pi.P.1.94

;

φθίνει μὲν ἰσχὺς γῆς φ. δὲ σώματος S.OC 610

, cf. OT 665 (lyr.);

ὕβρις.. ἀνθεῖ τε καὶ πάλιν φ. Id.Fr. 786

;

ἥβην τὴν μὲν ἕρπουσαν πρόσω, τὴν δὲ φθίνουσαν Id.Tr. 548

;

τοῖς μὲν αὔξεται βίος, τῶν δὲ φθίνει E.Fr.415.5

, cf. Pl.Phd. 71b, Ti. 81b, etc.; c. dat. modi,

πόλις φθίνουσα μὲν κάλυξιν.., φθίνουσα δ' ἀγέλαις S.OT25

; of things, fade away, disappear,

ἐδεστὸν ἐξ αὑτοῦ φ. καὶ ψῇ Id.Tr. 677

;

τὸ σῶμα φθίνει Hp.Loc.Hom.24

; metaph.,

φθίνοντα Ααΐου θέσφατα S.OT 906

(lyr.), cf. Ant. 1013:—[voice] Pass.,

αὐτὸς φθίεται Il.20.173

, cf. 14.87; more freq. in [tense] fut. and [tense] aor., ἤδη φθ<ε> ίσονται 11.821, cf. 19.329, Od.13.384;

τηλόθι πάτρης ἔφθιτο Il.18.100

;

δύο γενεαὶ μερόπων ἀνθρώπων ἐφθίατο 1.251

;

νούσῳ ὑπ' ἀργαλέῃ φθίσθαι 13.667

;

νόσοις ὁ τλήμων ἔφθιτο S.OT 962

; πρὸς φίλου ἔφθισο wast slain by.., A.Th. 971 (lyr.), cf. E.Med. 1414 (anap.): freq. in part. φθίμενος, slain, dead, Od.11.558, al.;

χερσὶν ὑπ' Ἀργείων φθίμενος Il.8.359

;

ἐν πολέμῳ φθίμενον IG12

. 976; φθίμενοι the dead,

φθιμένοισι μετείην Od.24.436

; πενθήσει βασιλῆ φ. Orac. ap. Hdt.7.220, cf. Euph.21;

φθιμένων ζῳῶν τε φωτῶν Pi.I. 4(3).10(28)

, cf. B.5.83;

φθιμένοισιν A.Th. 732

(lyr.);

φθίμενος S.Tr. 1161

, cf. Ant. 836 (anap.);

μηδέτιν' εἰπεῖν.. φθιμένων E.Hec. 137

(anap.): less freq. c. Art. (cf. φθιτός)

, τὸν φθίμενον A.Th. 336

(lyr., codd.);

τῶν φ. Id.Ag. 1023

(lyr.);

τῶν πρότερον φ. Id.Ch. 403

(anap.); φ. δέμας, σῶμα, mortal, IG9(1).882.9,12 (Corc.); Φθιμένη Perishing, personified as a goddess,

Φυσώ τε Φ. τε Emp. 123.1

: rare in Prose,

τοῖς φθιμένοις X.Cyr.8.7.18

.

II Causal, in [tense] fut. φθ (ε) ίσω, [tense] aor. 1 ἔφθ (ε) ισα (usu. written φθίσω, ἔφθισα in codd., but correctly φθεισαν (Od.20.67 ) in PHib.1.23 (iii B. C.), φθείσει (Il.6.407) in cod. A and Et.Gen.cod.B (Miller Mélanges 300)), cause to decay or pine away, consume, destroy,

φθ (ε) ίσει σε τὸ σὸν μένος Il.6.407

; τὸν Πάτροκλος ἔμελλε φθ (ε) ίσειν 16.461, cf. 22.61;

οἳ μεμάασιν Ὀδυσσῆος φθ (ε) ῖσαι γόνον Od.4.741

;

ἵνα φθ (ε) ίσωμεν ἑλόντες αὐτόν 16.369

; τόν ἔθελον φθ (ε) ῖσαι ib. 428;

τοκῆας.. φθ (ε) ῖσαν θεοί 20.67

: rare in Trag. (only lyr., and in the form ἔφθῐσα)

, Μοίρας φθίσας A.Eu. 173

;

τὸν.. ὑπὸ σῷ φθίσον κεραυνῷ S.OT 202

;

φυτὸν ἥμερον μήτε φθίνειν μήτε σίνεσθαι Pythag.

ap. D.L.8.23; νῦν σε μοῖρα.. φθίνει, φθίνει dub. in S.El. 1414 (lyr., fort. σοι).

Ἶσις, ἡ, voc.

A

Ἶσιν UPZ 81 ii 19

(ii B.C.), gen.

Ἴσιδος BGU 993ii10

(ii B.C.), Plu.2.353f, etc.; [dialect] Ion. and later

Ἴσιος Hdt.2.41

, PPetr.3p.216 (iii B.C.), etc. (written

Ἔσιος Schwyzer 749

(v B.C.)), dat.

Ἴσιδι OGI175.4

(ii B.C.), etc., Ἴσῑ or

Ἴσει Hdt.2.59

, OGI61.4 (iii B.C.); acc. Ἶσιν:— Isis, Hdt. Il.cc., Call.Epigr.58, Apollod.2.1.3, Plu.2.351f, POxy. 1380 (ii A.D.), etc.; Ἴσιδος τρίχες, name of a plant, Plu.2.939d, cf. Plin.HN13.142.

II name of a plaster, Gal.11.126,13.774.

III Pythag. name for the δυάς, Theol.Ar.12.

καθαρίζω (s. next entry; also καθερίζω; s. B-D-F §29, 1; W-S. §5, 20c; Mlt-H. 67) Attic fut. καθαριῶ (Hb 9:14; J 15:2 D; B-D-F §101 s.v. καθαίρειν; s. Mlt-H. 218); 3 sg.-ίσει (Num 30:13 cod. B; Mal 3:3) 1 aor. ἐκαθάρισα, impv. καθάρισον. Pass.: fut. καθαρισθήσομαι LXX; 1 aor. ἐκαθαρίσθην (also ἐκαθερίσθην: Mt 8:3b v.l.; Mk 1:42 v.l.), impv. καθαρίσθητι; pf. 3 sg. κεκαθάρισται (1 Km 20:26; TestJob 43:17), ptc. κεκαθαρισμένος. See Reinhold 38f; Thackeray 74. (H. Gk. substitute for the st. καθαίρω: as agricultural t.t. PLond I 131 recto, 192 p. 175 [78/79 A.D.]; PStras 2, 11; PLips 111, 12. In the ritual sense, mystery ins fr. Andania=SIG 736, 37; likew. 1042, 3; Jos., Ant. 10, 70; 11, 153; 12, 286; Just., Mel., P. 72, 526. The word is also found BGU 1024 IV, 16; EpArist 90 and in var. mngs. in LXX; En 10:20, 22; TestJob; TestReub 4:8; TestLevi 14:6.—Dssm., NB 43f [BS 216f]; in var. senses ‘cleanse, clear [as of an area], purify’)

① to make physically clean, make clean, cleanse τί someth. Mt 23:25f; Lk 11:39. The much-discussed passage καθαρίζων πάντα τὰ βρώματα Mk 7:19 may belong here (so BWeiss; HHoltzmann; Schniewind), but s. 3a below.

② to heal a person of a disease that makes one ceremonially unclean, make clean, heal esp. leprosy

ⓐ τινά make someone clean Mt 8:2; 10:8; Mk 1:40; Lk 5:12; AcPl Ha 8, 36/BMM verso 10; s. also BMM verso 12 and 39 (Mel., P. 72, 526 τοὺς λεπρούς). Pass. (Lev 14:7 al.) Mt 11:5; Mk 1:42; Lk 4:27; 7:22; 17:14, 17; PEg² 37; καθαρίσθητι (cp. 4 Km 5:13) be clean! Mt 8:3a; Mk 1:41; Lk 5:13; 17:14 v.l.; PEg² 38.

ⓑ τί remove someth. by or for the purpose of purification (cp. Od. 6, 93 καθαίρειν ῥύπα; Epict. 2, 16, 44; 3, 24, 13) pass. ἐκαθαρίσθη αὐτοῦ ἡ λέπρα his leprosy disappeared Mt 8:3b.

③ to purify through ritual cleansing, make clean, declare clean

ⓐ a Levitical cleansing of foods make clean, declare clean (cp. Lev 13:6, 23) ἃ ὁ θεὸς ἐκαθάρισεν Ac 10:15; 11:9. Many (Origen; Field, Notes 31f; et al.) prefer to take καθαρίζων πάντα τ. βρώματα Mk 7:19 (s. 1 above) in this sense, regarding the words as an observation of the evangelist or a marginal note by a reader: he (Jesus) (hereby) declares all foods clean.—WBrandt, Jüd. Reinheitslehre u. ihre Beschreibung in den Evang. 1910.

ⓑ of moral and cultic cleansing

α. cleanse, purify fr. sin (LXX) τινά or τί: (τὰς ψυχάς Hippol., Ref. 10, 14, 10) τὴν καρδίαν Hs 6, 5, 2. τὰς καρδίας v 3, 9, 8. χεῖρας Js 4:8; ἑαυτούς Hs 8, 7, 5; τὸ ἐντὸς τ. ποτηρίου the contents of the cup, which must not be acquired in a sinful manner, nor used for a sinful purpose Mt 23:26. ἐλθέτω τὸ ἅγ. πνεῦμά σου ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς κ. καθαρισάτω ἡμᾶς let your Holy Spirit come upon us and make us pure Lk 11:2 v.l. In parable τοὺς λίθους Hs 9, 7, 2 and 6; 9, 8, 4.—Pass. Hv 4, 3, 4. ἅπαξ κεκαθαρισμένους Hb 10:2. καθαρισθήσεται ἡ ἐκκλησία Hs 9, 18, 2; cp. 3. καθαρισθήσομαι 1 Cl 18:7 (Ps 50:9).—τινὰ (τὶ) ἀπό τινος (on the constr. w. ἀπό s. the two pass. fr. SIG at the beg. of that entry; Lev 16:30 καθαρίσαι ὑμᾶς ἀπὸ τ. ἁμαρτιῶν; Ps 18:14; 50:4; Sir 23:10; 38:10 and oft.; En 10:20, 22; PsSol 10:1; 17:22; Jos., Ant. 12, 286; TestReub 4:8; Just., D. 116, 2) κ. τινὰ ἀπὸ πάσης ἁμαρτίας 1J 1:7; cp. vs. 9; 1 Cl 18:3 (Ps 50:4). κ. ἑαυτὸν ἀπὸ μολυσμοῦ σαρκός cleanse oneself from defilement of the body 2 Cor 7:1. ἀπὸ τῆς λύπης Hm 10, 3, 4. ἀπὸ πάσης ἐπιθυμίας Hs 7:2. τῶν πονηριῶν 8, 11, 3; ἀπὸ τούτου τοῦ δαιμονίου 9, 23, 5. κ. τὴν καρδίαν ἀπὸ τῆς διψυχίας cleanse the heart of doubt m 9:7. ἀπὸ τῶν ματαιωμάτων from vanities 9:4. κ. ἑαυτῶν τὰς καρδίας ἀπὸ τῶν ἐπιθυμιῶν 12, 6, 5. κ. τὴν συνείδησιν ἡμῶν ἀπὸ νεκρῶν ἔργων Hb 9:14. Pass. καθαρίζεσθαι ἀπὸ τ. ἁμαρτιῶν Hv 2, 3, 1; ἀπὸ τ. ὑστερημάτων 3, 2, 2a; cp. b and 3, 8, 11.—κ. τινά (τί) τινι (dat. of instr.): τῇ πίστει καθαρίσας (i.e. God) τὰς καρδίας αὐτῶν Ac 15:9. Of Christ and the community of Christians καθαρίσας τῷ λουτρῷ τοῦ ὕδατος ἐν ῥήματι Eph 5:26 (OCasel, Jahrb. für Liturgiewiss. 5, 1925, 144ff). Of Christ and baptism ἵνα τῷ πάθει τὸ ὕδωρ καθαρίσῃ so that through (his) suffering he might purify the water IEph 18:2.—καθάρισον ἡμᾶς τὸν καθαρισμὸν τῆς σῆς ἀληθείας purify us w. the cleansing of your truth 1 Cl 60:2.—Of Christ and Christians κ. ἑαυτῷ λαὸν περιούσιον Tit 2:14.—PEg³ 57f.

β. remove by or for the purpose of purification τὶ someth. (s. 2b and cp. Dt 19:13; κεκαθάρισται ἡμῶν ἡ ἀνομία TestJob 43:17) τὰς ἁμαρτίας τινός Hs 5, 6, 2f.

ⓒ Hb 9:22f occupies an intermediate position, since ceremon. purification and moral purification merge, and the former becomes the shadow-image of the latter.

ⓓ set free τινά τινος someone from someth. 1 Cl 16:10 (Is 53:10).—DELG s.v. καθαρός. M-M. EDNT. TW.