ἀρτο-κόπος

ἀρτο-κόπος, ὁ, ἡ,

A baker, whether fem., Hdt.1.51; or masc., Id.9.82, Pl.Grg. 518b (v.l. -ποιός), X.An.4.4.21 (v.l. -ποιός), HG7.1.38, IG3.1452, IGRom.4.1244. (Dissim. from ἀρτοπόπος, cf. Phryn.198, Hsch., Poll.7.21; cf. πέσσω.)

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `bread' (Od.).

Dialectal forms: Myc. atopoqo \/ artopokʷos\/ `baker', s. πέσσω.

Compounds: ἀρτο-κόπος `baker' (Hdt.) w. metathesis. ἀρτοποίος X.

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: Unknown. Hardly to ἀρ- `fit'. Pisani Ricerche Linguistiche 1, 141 derives it from Iranian * arta- `flour', which is impossible for a word already attested in Myc. Hubschmid Sardische Studien (Bern 1953) 104 adduces Basque. arto `id.', OSpan. artal `especie de empanada' etc. and considers the word as a substr. word (or is it a loan from Greek?). Improb. vW.

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Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to ripen, to bake, to cook, to digest' (Il.).

Other forms: Att. πέττω, aor. πέψαι (Il.), fut. πέψω (Ar.), innovation pres. πέπτω (Arist.); pass. perf. πέπεμ-μαι, aor. πεφθῆναι with πεφθήσομαι (Hp., Att.).

Compounds: Also w. κατα-, περι-, συν-. 1. ἀρτο-κόπος s. ἄρτος; 2. δρυ-πεπ-ής `ripening on the tree' (com., AP).

Derivatives: 1. πέμμα n. `pastry, cake' (IA.) with - άτιον (Ath.); 2. πέψις f. `the digestion, the cooking, the ripening' (Hp., Arist.). 3. πεπτός (E. Fr. 467, 4, pap., Plu.), more usu. in compp., e.g. ἄ-, δύσ-πεπτος `indigested', resp. `hard to digest' (Hp., Arist.) with ἀ-, δυσ-πεψ-ία f. (Arist., hell.); cf. Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 18; 4. πεπτ-ικός `fit for digestion' (Arist.), - ήριος `id.' (Aret.). 5. πέπτρια f. `bakeress' H. s. σιτοποιός. With o-vocal.: 6. πόπανον n. `pastry' (Att., hell.) with - ώδης `like pastry' H. s. φυσακτήρ, - ευμα n. `id.' - εῖον panificium Gloss. (: *-εύω); cf. ὄχανον, πλόκανον a.o., Chantraine Form. 198. 7. ποπάς, - άδος f. `id.' (AP); cf. πλοκάς etc., Chantraine 353. --. On πέπων s. v.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [798] * pekʷ- `cook'

Etymology: The yot-present πέσσω agrees exatly with Skt. pácyate (midd.) `ripens', IE *pekʷ-i̯o\/e-; for it elsewhere a themat. root- present * pekʷ-o \/ e- in Skt. pácati = Lat. coquō = OCS pekǫ, Lith. kepù (with inversion, cf. ἀρτοκόπος) etc. Thus the aor. πέψαι agrees with Skt. pákṣat (subj.) and Lat. coxī. The verbal nouns too are often found back outside Greek; but some may be parallel innovations: πέψις = Skt. (Ved.) paktí-, pákti- f. `cooking, cooked meal' = Lat. cocti-ō `id.' (Vitr.) = OCS peštь f. `furnace'; πεπτός (cf. above) = Lat. coctus = Welsh poeth `hot' = Lith. kèptas `baked' (but Skt. not *paktá-, but pakvá-; cf. on πέπων); πέπτρια f.: Skt. paktár- m. = Lat. coctor (Petron etc.). -- WP. 2, 17f., Pok. 798, W.-Hofmann s. coquō, Mayrhofer s. pácati etc. w. lit. and further details.

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