כתש

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כָּתַש(b. h.; v. כָּתַת) 1) to crush (olives), to pond, beat Shebi. IV, 9 כּוֹתֵש וסךוכ׳ he may crush olives and use the oil for ointment in the field. Sabb.74a וליחשוב נמי כותש let the Mishnah (VII, 2) count (among she forbidden labors) also pounding (grain), v. כְּתִישָׁה. Men.VIII, 4 (86a), Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 8; Pesik. Par., p. 40a> וכוֹתְשִׁין אותה and pound it (the burnt body). Koh. R. to VII, 2 ולמה כותשין על הלב why do mourners beat their hearts?; a. e.Part. pass. כָּתוּש, f. כְּתוּשָׁה crushed. Men.86b, v. כָּתִית.Trnsf. defloured. Y.Kidd.I, 59a top, v. חָרַף. 2) to press, to be closely joined, grouped; שער כּוֹתֵש a thick hair crown, i. e. ramifications forming a sort of arbor. Peah II, 3 אם היה ש׳ כ׳ if the ramifications are intertwined; Y. ib. 17a top (read:) מה כ׳ כעלי במכתשוכ׳ (v. R. S. to Kil. V, 3) what does this כותש mean? Does it mean, like the pestle in the mortar (i. e. the partition is formed by a depression in the ground between the two fields, out of which the fence rises), or does it mean, pressing upon (overgrowing) the fence? Answ. מן מה דתנינן סער כותש ואין הגדר כותשוכ׳ reading as we do ‘the hair (ramification) presses, and not ‘the fence presses, it is evident that it means ‘overgrowing the fence. Nif. נִכְתַּש to be crushed, pounded. Tanḥ. Ki Thabo 3 מה השמן הזה נ׳וכ׳ as oil is pounded, and the more it is pounded, the better it becomes, v. כְּתִישָׁה. Ter. I, 8 זתים הנִכְתָּשִׁין crushed olives. Tosef. ib. III, 14 עתידין לִיכָּתֵש designated for pounding; a. fr. Pi. כִּיתֵּש to crush to powder.Part. pass. מְכוּתָּש, f. מְכוּתֶּשֶׁת. Tosef.Ohol.II, 5 some ed. (oth. מְכוּתֶּתֶת, ed. Zuck. מכתתת; Y.Naz.VIII, 56c מְכוּתָּתִין). Hithpa. הִתְכַּתֵּש ( to come in contact with, to wrestle, fight (cmp. גָּשַׁש). Y.Peah IV, 18b top שנים שהיו מִתְכַּתְּשִׁיןוכ׳ if two persons were fighting about a (forgotten) sheaf; Tosef.Peah II, 2 מִכַּתְּשִׁין ed. Zuck. (Var. מתכשין, corr. acc.). Sifré Deut. 37 ד׳ מלכיות מִתְכַּתְּשוֹתוכ׳ (ed. Fr. מתכחשות) four governments disputed about it (each naming it differently); Yalk. Num. 743 מתרחשות (corr. acc.); Pesik. Zutr. Deut. ed. Bub. p. 9 … מלכים מִתְכַּתְּשִׁין; ib. p. 30 מתכבש׳ (corr. acc.).

כְּתַשch. same, 1) to crush. Targ. Y. Ex. 30:36.Part. pass. כָּתִיש, f. כָּתִישָׁא; pl. כָּתִישִׁין; כָּתִישַׁן. Targ. Ex. 27:20. Targ. Y. Lev. 22:24 (h. text כָּתוּת). 2) (= h. נגע) to touch, strike, afflict. Part. pass. as ab. Targ. Ps. 73:14 (ed. Wil. כַּתִּיש). Targ. Is. 28:1 (h. text הלומי). Ib. 54:4; a. e.Dem. מַכְתַּש. Ithpa. אִתְכַּתַּש, אִכַּתַּש 1) to wrestle, fight. Targ. Y. Gen. 32:25, sq.Gen. R. s. 48, beg. הות מִכַּתְּשָׁאוכ׳ was quarrelling with her maid. Lev. R. s. 9 ולא חמית … מִתְכַּתְּשִׁיןוכ׳ and I never saw two quarrel with one another without making peace between them. Ib. s. 22 פשושין מכתשין Ar. ed. Koh. (ed. ציפרין מתנציין). 2) mostly Ithpe. אִתְכְּתַש to be smitten, afflicted (with leprosy). Targ. Ps. 73:5. Targ. Y. Ex. 2:23 (cmp. Ex. R. s. 1). Targ. Y. Gen. 16:1.(Gen. R. s. 44; Yalk. ib. 77, v. כְּשַׁש. Pa. כַּתֵּש to press, beg persistently. Shebu.30b; Ḥull7b, v. בְּתַש.

הֲרִיפוֹתor הָרִי׳ f. pl. (b. h.; הרף, cmp. חָרַף) grits, polenta. Sot.42b (homiletical play on Harafah, 2 Sam. 21:16, a. Orpah, Ruth 1:4) why was she called Harafah? שהכל דשין אותה כה׳ because all pounded (used) her like grits, v. דּוּש. (Cmp. Y.Kidd.I, 59a top a. Kerith. 11a where חרף is taken as the equivalent of כתש, with reference to הריפות Prov. 27:22. Cmp. הַלְטָאָה for obliteration of radical ה.Targ. 1 Chr. 20:4; 6; 8 reads ערפה for h. text הרפאים, הרפא.

הֲרִיפוֹתor הָרִי׳ f. pl. (b. h.; הרף, cmp. חָרַף) grits, polenta. Sot.42b (homiletical play on Harafah, 2 Sam. 21:16, a. Orpah, Ruth 1:4) why was she called Harafah? שהכל דשין אותה כה׳ because all pounded (used) her like grits, v. דּוּש. (Cmp. Y.Kidd.I, 59a top a. Kerith. 11a where חרף is taken as the equivalent of כתש, with reference to הריפות Prov. 27:22. Cmp. הַלְטָאָה for obliteration of radical ה.Targ. 1 Chr. 20:4; 6; 8 reads ערפה for h. text הרפאים, הרפא.

חָבַט(b. h.; cmp. חבש, הבל) ( to use force, 1) to press down. Erub.42b תקרת … חוֹבֶטֶת the roofing of the house presses upon him (keeps him mindful of the Sabbath limit); v. חָבוּט. B. Mets.80b חֲבָטוֹ לאלתר (Ar. חבסו, v. חָבַס) the load pressed him down immediately (before he could find out that it was too heavy for him). Snh.19b חֲבָטָן בקרקע pressed them into the ground. Succ.IV, 6 (45a) חוֹבְטִין אותןע״ג קרקע בצידי המזבח Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 10) they laid them down closely upon one another on the ground by the altar (opp. to זוקפין, Ib. IV, 4). Keth.39a צער שחֲבָטָהּע״גוכ׳ ‘the pain (Mish. ib. 3:4) refers to his pressing her down on the hard ground. 2) to force, to knock open, esp. to knock upon olives to make them burst, before putting them under the press, or upon ears to thresh the grain out. Ex. R. s. 36, beg. מורידין … ונחבט ומשחוֹבְטִיןוכ׳ they take the olive down and it is knocked upon, and after knocking it, they put it into the vat (corresp. to כתש, Men.VIII, 4). Ib. באין או״ה … וחובטין … ממקיםוכ׳ the gentiles come and knock them (the Israelites) from place to place. Men.X, 4; a. e.Part. pass. חָבוּט mashed. Sabb.80b בח׳ when the lime is mashed (and mixed with water); Y. ib. VIII, 11b bot. בחביט (corr. acc.). 3) to lay down for receiving lashes, in gen. to punish, bind over. Gitt.IX, 8 ובנכרים חובטין אותווכ׳ but when the gentile authorities bind him over and say, Do as the Israelites tell thee, (the letter of divorce so enforced) is valid (differ. vers. in Y. ed.); Tosef.Yeb. XII, 13.Tosef.Sot.XV, 7 מסרוהו לבעל זמורה וחֲבָטוֹ ed. Zuck. Var. (Y. Ib. IX, 24b top וחבשו) they gave him in charge of the rod-bearer (v. זְמוֹרָה), and he tried to force him (into submission). Midd. I, 2 חוֹבְטוֹ במקלו he punishes him with his cane. Nif. נֶחְבַּט to be knocked upon; to strike against. Ex. R. s. 36, v. supra.Keth.36b מפני שנֶחְבֶּטֶתוכ׳ because the blind girl may have struck against something (and fallen, so as to have lost her virginity by the shock). Ḥull.51b עוף שנ׳ עלוכ׳ a bird that fell with force upon water.Koh. R. to VII, 8, v. infra. Pi. חִיבֵּט to press down, throw down. Keth. l. c. חִיבְּטָהּע״ג שיראין if he forced her down on (soft) silk garments. Hithpa. חִתְחַבֵּט, נִתְחַבֵּט to prostrate ones self (in prayer, in deep commotion). Gen. R. s. 91 חיה מִתְחַבֵּט לפני רגליווכ׳ he threw himself to the feet of every one (with ref. to Gen. 42:21). Ib. s. 70; Num. R. s. 8, end; Yalk. Gen. 123 דבר שנתח׳וכ׳ a thing for which that patriarch (Jacob) begged in prostration; Koh. R. to VII, 8 שנֶחְבַּט. Deut. R. s. 2, beg. עכשיו הוא מתחנן ומתח׳ now he supplicates and prostrates himself; a. fr.

חָבַט(b. h.; cmp. חבש, הבל) ( to use force, 1) to press down. Erub.42b תקרת … חוֹבֶטֶת the roofing of the house presses upon him (keeps him mindful of the Sabbath limit); v. חָבוּט. B. Mets.80b חֲבָטוֹ לאלתר (Ar. חבסו, v. חָבַס) the load pressed him down immediately (before he could find out that it was too heavy for him). Snh.19b חֲבָטָן בקרקע pressed them into the ground. Succ.IV, 6 (45a) חוֹבְטִין אותןע״ג קרקע בצידי המזבח Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 10) they laid them down closely upon one another on the ground by the altar (opp. to זוקפין, Ib. IV, 4). Keth.39a צער שחֲבָטָהּע״גוכ׳ ‘the pain (Mish. ib. 3:4) refers to his pressing her down on the hard ground. 2) to force, to knock open, esp. to knock upon olives to make them burst, before putting them under the press, or upon ears to thresh the grain out. Ex. R. s. 36, beg. מורידין … ונחבט ומשחוֹבְטִיןוכ׳ they take the olive down and it is knocked upon, and after knocking it, they put it into the vat (corresp. to כתש, Men.VIII, 4). Ib. באין או״ה … וחובטין … ממקיםוכ׳ the gentiles come and knock them (the Israelites) from place to place. Men.X, 4; a. e.Part. pass. חָבוּט mashed. Sabb.80b בח׳ when the lime is mashed (and mixed with water); Y. ib. VIII, 11b bot. בחביט (corr. acc.). 3) to lay down for receiving lashes, in gen. to punish, bind over. Gitt.IX, 8 ובנכרים חובטין אותווכ׳ but when the gentile authorities bind him over and say, Do as the Israelites tell thee, (the letter of divorce so enforced) is valid (differ. vers. in Y. ed.); Tosef.Yeb. XII, 13.Tosef.Sot.XV, 7 מסרוהו לבעל זמורה וחֲבָטוֹ ed. Zuck. Var. (Y. Ib. IX, 24b top וחבשו) they gave him in charge of the rod-bearer (v. זְמוֹרָה), and he tried to force him (into submission). Midd. I, 2 חוֹבְטוֹ במקלו he punishes him with his cane. Nif. נֶחְבַּט to be knocked upon; to strike against. Ex. R. s. 36, v. supra.Keth.36b מפני שנֶחְבֶּטֶתוכ׳ because the blind girl may have struck against something (and fallen, so as to have lost her virginity by the shock). Ḥull.51b עוף שנ׳ עלוכ׳ a bird that fell with force upon water.Koh. R. to VII, 8, v. infra. Pi. חִיבֵּט to press down, throw down. Keth. l. c. חִיבְּטָהּע״ג שיראין if he forced her down on (soft) silk garments. Hithpa. חִתְחַבֵּט, נִתְחַבֵּט to prostrate ones self (in prayer, in deep commotion). Gen. R. s. 91 חיה מִתְחַבֵּט לפני רגליווכ׳ he threw himself to the feet of every one (with ref. to Gen. 42:21). Ib. s. 70; Num. R. s. 8, end; Yalk. Gen. 123 דבר שנתח׳וכ׳ a thing for which that patriarch (Jacob) begged in prostration; Koh. R. to VII, 8 שנֶחְבַּט. Deut. R. s. 2, beg. עכשיו הוא מתחנן ומתח׳ now he supplicates and prostrates himself; a. fr.

פָּשוֹשָׁא m. name of a bird.Pl. פָּשוֹשִׁין. Lev. R. s. 22 חמא תרין פ׳ מתכתשן Ar. (Ar. s. v. כתש: מכתשין) saw two pashoshin fight (ed. תרתין ציפרין מתנציין).