ψύαι

ψύα

muscles of the loins: fem nom /voc pl

ψύᾱͅ, ψύα

muscles of the loins: fem dat sg (doric aeolic)

ψόα or [full] ψύα, ἡ, more freq. in pl. ψόαι or ψύαι,

A muscles of the loins (cf. ἀλώπηξ IV), Hp.Art.45 ( ψύας codd.MV), Nat.Hom.11 ([etym.] ψόας), cf. Oss. 18 ([etym.] ψύαν), Morb.Sacr.3 ([etym.] ψύην), and LXX Le.3.9, 2 Ki.2.23, Ps.37(38).8, al.;

ψύαι Euphro 7

, Clearch.72, Aret.CD2.3 (but

ψόαι Id.SD2.3

); acc. pl. ψοιάς (v.l. ψύας, ψυάς) Polybus ap.Arist.HA 512b21:

ψόα LXX Le.

l.c. and three times in cod. Vat. of 2 Ki. (cod.Alex. ψοία) ; ψύαι Ps. l.c. (corrupted to ψυχή): acc. pl. ψόας in Bilabel

Ὀψαρτ. p.11

:—Hsch. has ψίαι, ψειαί, and ψυῖαι, also φοῦαι and ψύλλες: the word in all its spellings is declared un-Attic by Phryn.269, Phot.; the form ψύη was recognized by Irenaeus ap. Orion.col. 168. [[pron. full] ῠ in ψύαι, Euphro l. c.; but [pron. full] ῡ in an Epic Fragm. in Ath.9.399a, ψύας ἔγχεϊ νύξε, where perh. ψοίας shd. be written.]

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `hips, loin(s)' (IA.).

Other forms: Hdn. Gr.; codd. often - ύς.

Compounds: As 1. element a.o. in ὀσφυ-αλγής (A.Fr. 361 = 111 M., Hp.) `suffering from a hip-disease (lumbago)' with - έω, - ία (Hp.);

Derivatives: Dimin. ὀσφύδιον n. (Theognost.).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: Unexplained; for the formation cf. ἰξύς (Strömberg Wortstud. 67), νηδύς a.o. Mostly, but without serious argument (Benveniste Origines 7), connected with ὀστ-έον assuming diff. second members: φῡ- in ἔ-φυ-ν etc. (Kretschmer KZ 31, 332); to σφυ- in σφυδῶν ἰσχυρός... H. (Persson Beitr. 1, 415 a. 2, 717; doubting). Other, also unconvincing hypotheses in Bq s.v., W.-Hofmann s. os, WP. 1, 175, Pok. 783, Schwyzer 302; also Prellwitz s.v. (to ψόαι (s.v.), ψύαι `loinmuscles'; thus Grošelj Živa Ant. 7, 44). Initial ὀ- prothetic acc. to Meillet BSL 27, 131 (because of the circumflex). - Furnée 375 adduces further φύς = ὀσφύς (AB 1096), with Dorian loss of initial σ- before φ. He also accepts (393) the connection with ψύαι, which is too obvious to be discarded. The word, then, is clearly Pre-Greek.

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