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1 ἀπότομος
ἀπότομ-ος, ον,A cut off,στροφέων ἀ. μῆκος πήχεων πέντε IG11(2).287
A49 (Delos, iii B.C.); esp. sheer, precipitous,ἀ.ἐστι ταύτῃ ἡ ἀκρόπολις Hdt.1.84
, cf. 4.62;ἀ. ἐκ θαλάττης Pl.Criti. 118a
;τὰ ἀ.
precipices,Philostr.
VA3.4; ἀπότομον ὤρουσεν εἰς ἀνάγκαν, metaph. from one who comes suddenly to the edge of a cliff, S.OT 877 (lyr.). Adv.-μως, ἔχειν Philostr.VA2.5
.2 metaph., severe, relentless, (lyr.); . Adv. - ως ib.5.22, Plb.18.11.2, Plu.Crass.3, etc.; brusquely, prob. l. in Cic.Att.10.11.5.b of persons, severe, Ph.2.268.c of gladiatorial combats, a fight to a finish,ἑνόζυγον ἀπότομον IGRom. 4.1632
; ἀπότομα alone,μουσεῖον καὶ Βιβλ. 1876
/8 No.153;μονομαχιῶν τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἀποτόμους Inscr.Magn. 163.10
, cf. IGRom.3.360.9 ([place name] Sagalassus), CIG 2880 ([place name] Branchidae).4 c. gen., οἱ καθηγητῶν οὕτως ἀπότομοι γενηθέντες offshoots of our founders, Phld.Lib.p.22 O.5 ἀπότομοι· οὐκ ἐνεργοί, Hsch.: ἀπότομον· τὸν μὴ ἄξιον προσίψεως, Id.II absolute: Adv. - μως absolutely,οὐδὲν τῶν τοιούτων ἐστὶν ἀ. οὔτε κακὸν οὔτ' ἀγαθόν Isoc.6.50
, cf. D.61.4;ἀ. ἀληθής Phld.Mus.p.98
K.; precisely, in the strictest sense,τοῖς ὀνόμασι χρῆσθαι Isoc.9.10
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀπότομος
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2 κεράννυμι
κεράνν-ῡμι, also [suff] κερανν-ύω Alc.Com.15, Hyp.Fr.69; [dialect] Ep. [full] κεραίω and [full] κεράω (qq.v.); subj.A : [tense] impf.ἐκεράννυν Luc.VH 1.7
: [tense] fut. κεράσω [ᾰ] Them.Or.27p.340D.: [tense] aor.ἐκέρᾰσα Hp.VM3
, (ἐν-) Pl.Cra. 427c, poet. (lyr.), [dialect] Ep.κέρασσα Od.5.93
, [dialect] Ion.ἔκρησα Hp.Int.35
:—[voice] Med., [tense] aor.ἐκερᾰσάμην Ti.Locr.95e
, [dialect] Ep.κεράσσατο Od.18.423
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. κραθήσομαι [ᾱ] Pl.Ep. 326c, ( συγ-) E. Ion 406: [tense] aor. ἐκράθην [ᾱ] Th.6.5, E. Ion 1016, Pl.Phd. 86c; [dialect] Ion.ἐκρήθην Hp.VM19
; , Ti. 85a, X.An.5.4.29, Phylarch.10J.: [tense] pf.κέκρᾱμαι Pi.P.10.41
, etc.; [dialect] Ion.κέκρημαι Hp. VM13
, Acut.21;κεκέρασμαι Arist.Fr. 549
, D.H.Comp.24, Anacreont. 16.13, etc.: [tense] plpf.ἐκέκρᾱτο Sapph.51.1
:—mix, mingle (diff. from μείγνυμι, v. κρᾶσις):1 mostly of diluting wine with water,κερῶντάς τ' αἴθοπα οἶνον Od.24.364
; ;κέρασον ἄκρατον Ar.Ec. 1123
, cf. Th.6.32: abs., τοῖς θεοῖς εὐχόμενοι κεραννύωμεν let us mix a cup of wine, Pl.Phlb. 61b;ἂν μὴ κεράσῃ τις Antiph.85.2
: c. dat. pers., give to drink, :—Hom. mostly in [voice] Med., ὅτε περ.. οἶνον.. ἐνὶ κρητῆρι κέρωνται mix their wine in the bowl, Il. 4.260, cf. Od.20.253; κρητῆρα κεράσσατο he mixed a bowl, 3.393, 18.423:—[voice] Pass., πῶς οὖν κέκραται [σκύφος]; E.Cyc. 557; κύλιξ ἴσον ἴσῳ κεκραμένη a cup mixed half and half, Ar.Pl. 1132; κεκρ. τρία , cf. AP11.137 (Lucill.).2 temper, cool by mixing, θυμῆρες κεράσασα having mixed (the water) to an agreeable temperature, Od.10.362.3 generally, mix, blend,ἡδονὴν φθόνῳ Pl.Phlb. 50a
;τοῖς ὀνόμασι τὰ ῥήματα Id.Sph. 262c
;νοῦς μετ' αἰσθήσεων κραθείς Id.Lg. 961d
, cf. Ti.l.c.;πίστεως αἰσθήσει κεκραμένης Plot.4.7.15
;ἀγωγὴν ἐξἀμφοῖν κ. Phld.Acad.Ind.p.77
M.; [οὐσία] οὐκ ἀπὸ τῶν ἄκρων κραθεῖσα Jul.Or.4.139a
; of metals, : metaph., temper, regulate, of climates, ὧραι κάλλιστα κεκρημέναι most temperate, Hdt.3.106;ὧραι μετριώτατα κ. Pl.Criti. 111e
;ἔαρ κ. τῇ ὥρᾳ X.Cyn.5.5
; [πλοῦτον] ἀρετᾷ κεκραμένον Pi.P.5.2
; οὐ γῆρας κέκραται γενεᾷ no old age is mingled with the race, i.e.it knows no old age, ib.10.41, cf. O.10(11).104;ἐν ταῖς εὖ κεκρ. πολιτείαις Arist.Pol. 1307b30
; of tempers of mind,ἤθει γεννικωτέρῳ κεκρᾶσθαι Pl.Phdr. 279a
;τοῖς ἤθεσιν.. τούτοις ἡ φύσις κεράννυται Alex. 278b
(iii p.744 K.); of Music,ἁρμονίας ῥυθμοῖς κραθείσας Pl.Lg. 835b
;τῆς εὖ κεκραμένης ἁρμονίας Arist.Pol. 1290a26
;μετρίως κραθῆναι πρὸς ἄλληλα Pl.Phd.
l.c.III Gramm., in [voice] Pass., coalesce by crasis,τὸ ῥῆμα καὶ ὁ σύνδεσμος συναλοιφῇ κερασθέντα D.H.Comp.22
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κεράννυμι
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3 σπουδάζω
A- άσομαι Pl. Euthphr.3e
, D.21.213, later- άσω Plb.3.5.8
, D.S.1.58, etc.: [tense] aor. , Pl.Phd. 114e: [tense] pf. , Pl.Phdr. 236b, etc.:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. v. supr.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.σπουδασθήσομαι Ael. NA4.13
: [tense] aor.ἐσπουδάσθην Str.17.3.15
, Plu.Per.24: [tense] pf.ἐσπούδασμαι Pl.Ly. 219e
(v. infr.):I intr.,I to be busy, eager to do a thing, c. inf., S.OC 1143, E.Hec. 817, Pl.Euthd. 293a, etc.; σπούδασον ἐλθεῖν.. ταχέως make haste.., 2 Ep.Ti.4.9; ὅτ' ἐσπούδαζες ἄρχειν wast eager to rule, E.IA 337 (troch.): c. part.,ἐσπ. διδάσκων X.Oec.9.1
: freq. σ. περί τινος or τι, Id.Mem.1.3.8, Pl.R. 330c, etc.;ὑπέρ τινος D.59.77
;εἰς τὰ σά Id.21.195
;πρός τι Id.22.76
;ἐπί τισι X.Mem.1.3.11
, cf. D.21.2: c. dat.,σ. γάμῳ Aristaenet.2.3
; σ. ὅπως.. endeavour that.., D.43.12, SIG312.10 (Samos, iv B.C.): abs., ἐσπουδακυῖα in haste, hurriedly, Ar.Th. 572; ἐσπουδακώς eagerly, Men.562.b c. acc. et inf.,σπουδάσαντες τοῦτ' αὐτοῖς παραγενέσθαι Pl.Alc.2.141d
, cf. 2 Ep.Pet.1.15, BGU1080.14 (iii A.D.), etc.2 of persons, σ. πρός τινα pay him serious attention, Pl.Grg. 510c, etc.;εἴς τινα AP9.422
(Apollonid.); σ. περί τινα to be anxious for his success, Isoc.1.10, X.Cyr.5.4.13, etc. (distd. fr. πρός τινα by Luc.Sol.10);περί τινος X.Lac.4.1
;ὑπὲρ τῶν οἰκετῶν Aeschin.1.17
;ὑπέρ τινος D.21.213
, etc.; σ. τινί be a partisan or backer of, Plu.Art.21, Arr.Epict.1.11.27, PGiss.71.6 (ii A.D.);ἀπό τινος Philostr.VS2.27.6
.3 to be serious or earnest, Ar.Ra. 813; opp. σκώπτειν καὶ κωμῳδεῖν, Id.Pl. 557; freq. in Pl., σπουδάζει ταῦτα ἢ παίζει; Grg. 481b, etc.; ἐσπούδακας, ὅτι ἐπελαβόμην ἐρεσχηλῶν σε; did you take it seriously, that I..? Phdr. 236b; ; ἐσπουδάκατον they have worked hard, Ar.V. 694; μάλα ἐσπουδακότι τῷ προσώπῳ with a very grave face, X.Smp.2.17.II trans.,1 c. acc. rei, do anything hastily or earnestly, be earnest about, ;τὰς περὶ τὸ μανθάνειν ἡδονάς Pl.Phd. 114e
, etc.; opp. παρέργοις χρῆσθαι, Id.Euthd. 273d, cf. Ti. 21c;τὰ ἑαυτοῦ ἡδέα X.Smp.8.17
;σ. τοῦτο, ὅπως.. Id.Eq.11.10
:—[voice] Pass., σπουδάζεταί τι is zealously pursued, πᾶν ὅ τι ς. E.Supp. 761;σ. ἀγών X.Lac.10.3
; χρήματα μετὰ πολλῆς δαπάνης ς. Pl.R. 485e; ἡ κωμῳδία διὰ τὸ μὴ σπουδάζεσθαι.. ἔλαθεν because it was not taken up seriously, Arist.Po. 1449b1; οὐ πάνυ σπουδάζεται ὑπ' αὐτῶν is not much valued, Luc.Cont.11: esp. freq. in [tense] pf. part.,πᾶσα ἡ τοιαύτη σπουδὴ οὐκ ἐπὶ τούτοις ἐστὶν ἐσπουδασμένη Pl.Ly. 219e
; προοίμια θαυμαστῶς ἐσπουδασμένα elaborately worked up, Id.Lg. 722e, cf. 659e; so τὰ μάλιστα ἐσπ. σῖτα καὶ ποτά the choicest, X.Cyr.4.2.38; τὰ ἐσπ., of writing tablets, the best quality, Thphr.HP 3.9.7 (also κλίνας καὶ δίφρους καὶ τὰ ἄλλα τὰ σπουδαζόμενα ib.5.3.2); εἰ ταῦτ' ἐσπουδασμένα ἐν γράμμασιν ἐτέθη if those pains were seriously bestowed on letters, Pl.Ep. 344c;αἱ ἐσπουδασμέναι παιδιαί Arist.Rh. 1371a3
, cf. Pol. 1336a34.2 [voice] Pass., of persons, to be treated with respect, opp. καταφρονεῖσθαι, Id.Rh. 1380a26; to be courted, Str.17.3.15, Plu.Them.5, D.L.5.75; of women, Plu.Cim.4, Art.26.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σπουδάζω
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4 ἀποχράω
A- χρῆν D.4.22
, Antiph.161, Luc.Herm.24 (- χρῆναι v.l. in D.H.3.22, condemned by AB81), [dialect] Ion.- χρᾶν Hdt.3.138
, but- χρῆναι Hp.VC14
; part. -χρῶν, -χρῶσα, v. infr.: [tense] impf. ἀπέχρη, [dialect] Ion.- έχρα Hdt.1.66
: [tense] fut. - χρήσω: [tense] aor. - έχρησα:—suffice, be sufficient, be enough:1 abs., in persons other than [ per.] 3sg., [ per.] 1sg. only in εἷς ἐγὼν ἀποχρέω [Epich.] l.c.; [θανάτω] δύ' ἀποχρήσουσιν μόνω Ar.Pl. 484
; ἀποχρήσει (sc. ἡ ὑφαντική) Pl.Plt. 279b; ;ἀποχρῶν ἀνὴρ ἔμοιγε πρὸς τὰ νῦν κακά Pherecr.145.6
;ἡλικία ἀποχρῶσα Ar.Fr. 489
;σύμβουλος ἀποχρῶν τῇ πόλει Pl.Alc.2.145c
; of ἀρετή, Stoic.3.50: c. inf.,ἀποχρῶσι.. ἑκατὸν νέες χειρώσασθαι Hdt.5.31
;Κνιδίους μούνους ἀποχρᾶν οἱ τοὺς κατάγοντας γίνεσθαι Id.3.138
, cf. 9.48;πεδίον ἀποχρῶν τὴν Ἀσίαν πρὸς τὴν Εὐρώπην ἀντιτάξαι Philostr. Im.1.1
.2 mostly in [ per.] 3sg., c. dat.,a with a nom., [ποταμὸς] οὐκ ἀπέχρησε τῆ στρατιῇ πινόμενος was not enough to supply the army with drink, Hdt.7.43, 196; often in the phraseταῦτ' ἀπόχρη μοι Ar. Av. 1603
, cf. Pl.Phdr. 279a;ἀπόχρη μοι τοσοῦτον ἐὰν.. Isoc.5.28
;οὐκ ἀπέχρησε δὲ αὐτῷ τοῦτο D.21.17
;οὐδὲ ταῦτ' ἀπέχρησεν αὐτοῖς Isoc. 4.97
. b. impers., c. inf., ἀποχρᾷ ([etym.] - χρη) μοι ἡσυχίην ἄγειν, ποιέειν τι, etc., t)is sufficient for me to.., Hdt.1.66, 6.137, 9.79, Hp.Mochl.38; [ἔφασαν] ἀποχρήσειν σφι τὴν ἑωυτῶν φυγάσσειν Hdt.8.130
: c. dat. part., ἀποχρᾶν σφι κατὰ τὸ ἥμισυ ἡγεομένοισι it was enough for them if they shared the command, Id.7.148; μέρος βαιὸν ἐχούση πᾶν ἀπόχρη μοι 'tis all sufficient for me to have a little, A.Ag. 1574 (nowhere else in Trag.);τοσαῦτ' ἀπόχρη προσθήσειν Str.9.1.20
.c impers., ἀπόχρη τινός there is enough of a thing, Hp.Mul.1.12, Vid.Ac.4; ἀποχρῆν ἐνίοις ὑμῶν ἄν μοι δοκεῖ εἰ.. methinks it would have satisfied some of you, D.4.42: abs. in part., οὐκ ἀποχρῆς αν αὐτῷ since it did not suffice him, Arist.Xen. 976b21.3 [voice] Pass., to be contented with a thing, c. dat., ἀποχρεωμένων τούτοισι τῶν Μυσῶν the Mysians being satisfied therewith, Hdt.1.37;τοῖς ὀνόμασι μόνον D.17.31
.b impers.,οὐκ ἀπεχρᾶτο μούνων Μήδων ἄρχειν Hdt.1.102
;ἀπεχρᾶτό σφι ἡσυχίην ἄγειν Id.8.14
.II deliver an oracle, Ael.Fr.59.B ἀποχράομαι use to the full, avail oneself of,ἐπικαιρότατον χωρίον.. ἀποχρῆσθαι Th.1.68
;ἀποχρήσασθε τῆ.. ὠφελίᾳ Id.6.17
, cf. 7.42; ὅταν.. ἀποχρήσωνται χρῶνται λοιπὸν ὡς προδόταις when they have made all the use they can of them, then they deal with them.., Plb.18.15.9.2 abuse, misuse, c. dat.,εἰς ταῦτα ἀποχρῆσθαι τῷ πλουτεῖν D.21.124
;πλεονεκτικῶς ταῖς ἐξουσίαις ἀ. OGI665.16
(Egypt, i A.D.);ἀποχρωμένων μᾶλλον ἢ χρωμένων αὐτῷ Plu.Comp.Alc.Cor.2
;οἷς μὲν χρῆσθαι, οἷς δ' ἀ. Id.2.178c
: c. gen.,θυγατρός Id.Nob.13
.3 c. acc., destroy, kill, Ar.Fr. 358, Th.3.81, Poll.8.74, etc.5 ἀποχρησαμένοις· ἀποσεισαμένοις, Hsch.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀποχράω
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5 ἐπιβολή
ἐπιβολ-ή, ἡ,A throwing or laying on,ἱματίων Th.2.49
(pl.); χειρῶν σιδηρῶν, of grappling-irons, Id.7.62 (pl.);τῶν χρωμάτων Luc.Zeux.5
; σημείων affixing of seals, Id.Tim. 13; χειρῶν ἐπιβολαὶ ἐγίνοντο a fray arose, D.H.10.33.2. metaph., ἐ. τῆς διανοίας application of the mind to a thing, Epicur.Ep.1pp.5,12 U.(pl.), Ph.1.230 (pl.), Plot.2.4.10; αἱ ἐ.τῶν νοημάτων Philostr.VS2.18
; ἐξ ἐπιβολῆς πάνυ very scrupulously, Antyll. ap. Orib.45.25.5.b. act of direct apprehension, Epicur.Ep.1p.3U.: pl., ib.p.4U.;ἡ ἐκ τῶν ἐ. ταραχή Phld.D.1.14
; , cf.Plot.1.6.2; intuition, [τῇ ψυχῇ] τὴν ἐπιβολὴν ἀθρόαν ἀθρόωνγίνεσθαι Id.4.4.1
; [γνῶσις] ἐφάψεται τοῦ ἑνὸς κατὰ ἐπιβολήν Dam.Pr. 25
bis; opp. συλλογισμός, ibid.c. conception, notion, Iamb.Comm. Math.1, cf.9, Dam.Pr. 258 (pl.); point of view, ib. 201, 396, al.; doctrine, ἡ τοῦ Συριανοῦ θαυμασία ἐ. ib. 270: pl., principles, Ael.Tact.21.1.d. impulse, Stoic.3.41, 149; ἐ. φιλοποιίας ib.96.3. setting upon a thing, design, attempt, enterprise, v.l. in Th.3.45: c. gen., ἡ ἐ. τῆς ἱστορίας writing history, Plb.1.4.2; τῶν ὅλων acquisition of empire, Id.1.3.6, cf.5.95.1; κατασκευασμάτων ἐπιβολαί designs, Plu.Per.12; ἐξ ἐπιβολῆς designedly, D.S.13.27.b. of surgical operations, οὐδεμία ὄνησις τῆς ἐ. Philum.Ven.4.7; μὴ κατακολουθεῖν ἀδυνάτοις ἐπιβολαῖς Hegetor ap.Apollon.Cit.3.4. hostile attempt, assault, Plb.6.25.7 (pl.), cj. for - βουλάς in Th.1.93.5. application of name to thing, Procl.in Cra.p.109 P., al.II. that which is laid on, ἐπιβολαὶ πλίνθων courses of bricks, Th.3.20; βυρσῶν layers of hide, Luc.Nav.4; superstructure, gallery, Ph.Bel.80.36 (pl.); λεπιδοειδεῖς ἐπιβολαί the squamous commissures of the skull, Gal.10.452.2. penalty, fine, IG12.84.29 (pl.), Ar.V. 769;ἐπιβολὴν ἐπιβάλλειν Lys.20.14
(pl.), X. HG1.7.2, etc.;ἐπιβολὰς ὀφλεῖν And.1.73
; ἡ ἐ. τῆς βουλῆς the penalty imposed by the council, Aeschin.2.93; ἐξ ἐπιβολῆς in consequence of infliction of a fine, Lys.6.21.3. requisition, number of men required, Plb.3.106.3; impost, public burden, Plu.Cat.Ma.18 (pl.), cf. Procop.Arc.23;τῆς λαογραφίας PTeb.391.19
(i A.D.); requisition of corn, PFay.81.9 (ii A.D.).b. additional quantity, IG22.1672.285,297.c. κατ' ἐπιβολήν τινος in proportion to.., pro rata, CPR 28.17 (ii A.D.), etc.III. a thing put over for shelter or protection, Thphr.CP3.16.4.2.ἐ. χώματος
embankment,PPetr.
3p.80 (iii B.C.).3. cloak, POxy.298.9 (i A.D.), etc.IV. Rhet., = ἐπαναφορά, Phoeb.Fig.2.4, Rut.Lup.1.7.2. introduction, approach to a subject, Hermog.Id.1.3; ἐ. τοῦ ῥυθμοῦ ib.2.1.3. power, `grasp', of style or treatment, χάρις καὶ ἐ. D.Chr.18.14; general survey, consideration, Ptol.Tetr. 204; Ἀλεξάνδρου τὴν ἐν ταῖς παρατάξεσιν ἐ. Ael. Tact.Praef.6.4. `trimmings', ornament, τὸ ἀφαιρεῖν τὰς ἐ. καὶαὐτοῖς χρῆσθαι τοῖς ὀνόμασι Aristid.Rh.p.522S.
V. in Alchemy, `projection', i.e. chemical reaction intended to produce transmutation, Syn.Alch.p.58B. (pl.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπιβολή
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