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τοιγάρτοι

  • 1 τοιγαρτοι

        intens. к τοιγάρ См. τοιγαρ

    Древнегреческо-русский словарь > τοιγαρτοι

  • 2 τοιγάρτοι

    τοιγάρ
    therefore: indeclform (particle)

    Morphologia Graeca > τοιγάρτοι

  • 3 τοιγάρτοι

    τοι-γάρ-τοι, häufige Verstärkung von τοιγάρ, in der Regel zu Anfang einer Rede, einer Erzählung

    Wörterbuch altgriechisch-deutsch > τοιγάρτοι

  • 4 γάρ

    γάρ ([etym.] γε, ἄρα), causal Conj., used alone or with other Particles.
    I introducing the reason or cause of what precedes, for,

    τῷ γὰρ ἐπὶ φρεσὶ θῆκε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη· κήδετο γ. Δαναῶν Il.1.56

    , etc.; but freq. in expl. of that wh. is implied in the preceding clause,

    πολλάων πολίων κατέλυσε κάρηνα.. τοῦ γὰρ κράτος ἐστὶ μέγιστον 2.118

    , etc.: hence,
    b in simple explanations, esp. after a Pronoun or demonstr. Adj.,

    ἀλλὰ τόδ' αἰνὸν ἄχος κραδίην καὶ θυμὸν ἱκάνει· Ἕκτωρ γ. ποτε φήσει 8.148

    , cf. Od.2.163; ὃ δὲ δεινότατον.. ὁ Ζεὺς γ. .. Ar.Av. 514;

    ὃ δὲ πάντων ἀδικώτατον ἔδοξε· τῶν γὰρ προγε γραμμένων ἠτίμωσε καὶ υἱούς Plu.Sull.31

    ; freq. in introducing proofs or examples, μαρτύριον δέ· Δήλου γ. καθαιρομένης .. Th.1.8; τεκμήριον δέ· οὔτε γ. Λακεδαιμόνιοι .. Id.2.39, cf. D.20.10, etc.; in full, τεκμήριον δὲ τούτου τόδε· αἱ μὲν γ. .. Hdt.2.58; παράδειγμα τόδε τοῦ λόγου· ἐκ γ. .. Th.1.2; δηλοῖ δέ μοι τόδε· πρὸ γ. .. ib.3.
    c to introduce a detailed description or narration already alluded to, ὅμως δὲ λεκτέα ἃ γιγνώσκω· ἔχει γ. [ἡ χώρα] πεδία κάλλιστα .. X.An.5.6.6, etc.
    d in answers to questions or statements challenging assent or denial, yes,.., no,.., οὔκουν.. ἀνάγκη ἐστί;—ἀνάγκη γ. οὖν, ἔφη, ay doubtless it is necessary, X.Cyr.2.1.7, cf. § 4 and 13; indicating assent,

    ἔχει γ. Pl.Phdr. 268a

    ; ἱκανὸς γ., ἔφη, συμβαίνει γ., ἔφη, Id.R. 502b, 502c,cf. Ap. 41a, etc.; οὔκουν δὴ τό γ' εἰκός.—οὐ γ.: Id.Phdr. 276c.
    2 by inversion, preceding the fact explained, since, as,

    Ἀτρεΐδη, πολλοὶ γ. τεθνᾶσιν Ἀχαιοί.. τῷ σε χρὴ πόλεμον παῦσαι Il.7.328

    ; χρόνου δὲ οὐ πολλοῦ διελθόντος ([etym.] χρῆν γ. Κανδαύλῃ γενέσθαι κακῶς) ἔλεγε πρὸς τὸν Γύγην τοιάδε, Γύγη, οὐ γ. σε δοκέω πείθεσθαι.. ([etym.] ὦτα γ. τυγχάνει κτλ.) , ποίει ὅκως .. Hdt.1.8. cf. 6.102, al.; εἶεν, σὺ γ. τούτων ἐπιστήμων, τί χρὴ ποιεῖν; Pl.Phd. 117a; the principal proposition is sts.
    b blended with the causal one, τῇ δὲ κακῶς γ. ἔδεε γενέσθαι εἶπε, i.e. ἡ δέ ([etym.] κακῶς γ. οἱ ἔδεε γενέσθαι)

    εἶπε Hdt. 9.109

    , cf. 1.24, 4.149, 200, Th.1.72, 8.30.
    c attached to the hypothet. Particle instead of being joined to the apodosis, οὐδ' εἰ γ. ἦν τὸ πρᾶγμα μὴ θεήλατον, ἀκάθαρτον ὑμᾶς εἰκὸς ἦν οὕτως ἐᾶν, i.e. οὐδὲ γ. εἰ ἦν .., S.OT 255.
    d repeated, οὐ γ. οὖν σιγήσομαι· ἔτικτε γ. .. Id.OC 980, cf. Ant. 659 sq., 1255.
    3 in elliptical phrases, where that of which γάρ gives the reason is omitted, and must be supplied,
    a freq. in Trag. dialogue and Pl., when yes or no may be supplied from the context, καὶ δῆτ' ἐτόλμας τούσδ' ὑπερβαίνειν νόμους;—οὐ γ. τί μοι Ζεὺς ἦν ὁ κηρύξας τάδε [yes], for it was not Zeus, etc., S.Ant. 450, cf. OT 102, etc.;

    καλῶς γὰρ αὐτὸς ἠγάνισαι Pl. Smp. 194a

    ; freq. in phrase ἔστι γ. οὕτω [yes], for so it is, i. e. yes certainly: λέγεταί τι καινόν; γένοιτο γ. ἄν τι καινότερον ἢ .. ; [why,] could there be.. ? D.4.10; with negs., Ar.Ra. 262 τούτῳ γ. οὐ νικήσετε [do so], yet shall ye never prevail by this means: for ἀλλὰ γ., v. infr.11.1.
    b to confirm or strengthen something said, οἵδ' οὐκέτ' εἰσί· τοῦτο γάρ σε δήξεται [I say this], for it will sting thee, E. Med. 1370: after an Exclamation,

    ὦ πόποι· ἀνάριθμα γ. φέρω πήματα S.OT 168

     (lyr.), cf. E.Hel. 857.
    c in conditional propositions, where the condition is omitted, else, οὐ γ. ἄν με ἔπεμπον πάλιν (sc. εἰ μὴ ἐπίστευον) X.An.7.6.33; γίνεται γ. ἡ κοινωνία συμμαχία for in that case, Arist.Pol. 1280b8.
    4 in abrupt questions, why, what, τίς γ. σε θεῶν ἐμοὶ ἄγγελον ἧκεν; why who hath sent thee? Il.18.182; πῶς γ. νῦν.. εὕδουσι; 10.424; πατροκτονοῦσα γ. ξυνοικήσεις ἐμοί; what, wilt thou.. ? A.Ch. 909: generally, after interrog. Particles, ἦ γ. .. ; what, was it.. ? S.OT 1000, 1039, etc.; τί γ.; quid enim? i. e. it must be so, Id.OC 539, 542, 547, etc.; τί γ. δή ποτε; D.21.44; also πῶς γ.; πῶς γ. οὔ;, v. πῶς.
    5 to strengthen a wish, c. opt., κακῶς γ. ἐξόλοιο O that you might perish ! E.Cyc. 261; cf. αἴ, εἰ, εἴθε, πῶς.
    II joined with other Particles:
    1 ἀλλὰ γ. where γάρ gives the reason of a clause to be supplied between ἀλλά and itself, as ἀλλ' ἐν γὰρ Τρώων πεδίῳ .. but [far otherwise], for.., Il.15.739; ἀλλὰ γὰρ ἥκουσ' αἵδ' ἐπὶ πρᾶγος πικρόν but [hush], for.., A.Th. 861; ἀλλ' οὐ γ. σ' ἐθέλω .. but [look out] for.., Il.7.242; in full,

    ἀλλ' οὐ γάρ σφιν ἐφαίνετο κέρδιον εἶναι μαίεσθαι προτ έρω, τοὶ μὲν πάλιν αὖτις ἔβαινον Od.14.355

    ;

    ἀλλ', οὐ γ. ἔπειθε, διδοῖ τὸ φᾶρος Hdt.9.109

    .
    2 γ. ἄρα for indeed, Pl.Prt. 315d, Smp. 205b.
    3 γ. δή for of course, for you know, Il.2.301,23.607, Hdt.1.34, 114, etc.; φάμεν γ. δή yes certainly we say so, Pl.Tht. 187e, cf. 164d;

    οὐ γ. δή S.Ant.46

    , etc.
    4

    γ. νυ Od.14.359

    .
    5 γ. οὖν for indeed, to confirm or explain, Il.15.232, Hdt.5.34, S.Ant. 489, 771, etc.; φησὶ γ. οὖν yes of course he says so, Pl.Tht. 170a;

    γ. οὖν δή Id.Prm. 148c

    , etc.; οὐ γ. οὖν ib. 134b; cf. τοιγαροῦν.
    6 γ. που for I suppose, esp. with negs., Id.R. 381c, Phd. 62d, etc.;

    οὐ γ. δήπου Id.Prt. 309c

    .
    7 γ. ῥα, = γὰρ ἄρα, Il.1.113, al.
    8 γ. τε, 23.156; also

    τε γ. D.19.159

    , Arist.Pol. 1333a2, al.
    9 γ. τοι for surely.., E.Hel.93, Supp. 564, etc.;

    οὐ γ. τοι Od.21.172

    , etc.; cf. τοιγάρτοι.
    B POSITION: γάρ prop. stands after the first word in a clause, but in Pocts it freq. stands third or fourth, when the preceding words are closely connected, as ὁ μὲν γὰρ .. S.Aj. 764; χἠ ναῦς γὰρ .. Id.Ph. 527; τό τ' εἰκαθεῖν γὰρ .. Id.Ant. 1096; τὸ μὴ θέμις γὰρ .. A.Ch. 641, cf. 753: also in Prose, τὸ κατ' ἀξίαν γὰρ .. Arist. EN 1163b11: sts. for metrical reasons, where there is no such connexion, as third (A.Ag.222.729, S.Ph. 219 (all lyr.)), fourth (Ar.Av. 1545); in later Com. fifth (Men.462.2); sixth (Antiph.26.22); seventh (Men.Epit. 531, Pk. 170, Athenio 1.5); once sixth in S.,

    καιρὸς καὶ πλοῦς ὅδ' ἐπείγει γὰρ κατὰ πρύμναν Ph. 1451

    .
    2 inserted before the demonstr. -ί, as νυνγαρί for νυνὶ γάρ; cf. νυνί.
    C QUANTITY: γάρ is sts. long in Hom. metri gr.,

    θήσειν γὰρ ἔτ' ἔμελλεν Il.2.39

    ;

    φωνῆς γὰρ ἤκουσα h.Cer.57

    .—In [dialect] Att. always short: Ar.Eq. 366, V. 217, Lys.20 are corrupt.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > γάρ

  • 5 τοι

    τοι, prop. ethical dative of σύ (q. v.), but used as an enclit. Particle,
    A let me tell you, mark you, look you (in Engl. we freq. convey the impression by means of emphasis or tone), implying a real or imagined audience, freq. in Hom. and always in speeches (exc.

    ὃς δή τοι Il.10.316

    , Od.20.289),

    αἰσχρόν τοι δηρόν τε μένειν κτλ. Il.2.298

    ;

    ἀλλ' ἐφομαρτεῖτε· πλεόνων δέ τοι ἔργον ἄμεινον 12.412

     codd.; τοῦτο δέ τοι ἐρέουσα ἔπος.. εἶμι surely I will go, 1.419; ταύτης τοι γενεῆς.. εὔχομαι εἶναι (recapitulating) 6.211 (so at the close of a narrative, Theoc. 11.80); οὗτός τοι.. ἀπὸ στρατοῦ ἔρχεται ἀνήρ here comes, look you.., Il.10.341 (vulg.,

    οὗτός τις Aristarch.

    , etc.); freq. it is hard to dist. from the [dialect] Ep. dat., as in

    ποῦ τοι ἀπειλαὶ οἴχονται; 13.219

    ; so in Hes.Op. 287 (addressed to Perses), 347, 719, cf. Emp.17.14 (addressed to Pausanias), Pi.P.2.72 (addressed to Hiero), al.; and so in Trag. dialogue, A.Eu. 729, etc.;

    σέτοι κικλήσκω S.OC 1578

     (lyr.); betw. chorus and actor, Id.Ph. 855 (lyr.), etc.; folld. by a plural, Tyrt.10.11 (cf. 13); so

    ἄρσενάς τοι τῆσδε γῆς οἰκήτορας εὑρήσετε A.Supp. 952

    : hence, as addressed to an imaginary audience, without personal reference, introducing a general sentiment or maxim, Thgn.153;

    τὸ συγγενές τοι δεινόν A.Pr.39

    , al.
    II in subordinate clauses,
    1 temporal and causal,

    ἐπεί τοι h.Merc. 138

    , Pi.I.2.45, S.Tr. 321; freq.

    ἐπεί τοι καί E.Med. 677

    , Ar.Ach. 933, Pl.Tht. 142b, etc.;

    ὅτι τοι Id.R. 343a

    .
    2 conditional, εἴ τοι.., ἐὰν δέ τοι .., S.OT 549, 551, Ant. 327; in apodosi,

    εἰ γὰρ κτενοῦμεν.., σύ τοι πρώτη θάνοις ἄν Id.El. 582

    , cf. Il.22.488.
    3 final,

    ὅπως.. τοι S.El. 1469

    , cf. Hp.Morb.2.33.
    III freq. combined with other Particles,

    ἀλλά τοι Thgn.656

    , Pi.P.3.19, etc.;

    ἀλλὰ.. τοι A.Pers. 795

    , Ag. 1304, etc.; γάρ τοι (

    γάρ A. 11.9

    ); γέ τοι (γε 1.5); ἤτοι, καίτοι (v. sub vv.); μέν τοι (

    μέν B. 11.4

    ); μή τοι, οὔ τοι; cf. also τοιγάρ, τοιγάρτοι, τοιγαροῦν, τοίνυν; so in τοι ἄρα, τοι ἆρα, which however are mostly contracted by crasis into τἆρα; as also τοι ἄν into τἄν, μέντοι ἄν into μεντἄν.
    B Position: τοι usually stands early in the sentence (or clause), e.g.

    Ζεύς ἐστιν αἰθήρ, Ζεὺς δὲ γῆ, Ζεὺς δ' οὐρανός, Ζεύς τοι τὰ πάντα A.Fr.70

    , etc.
    2 hence τοι is sts. placed betw. Art. and Subst. or Adj., or betw. Prep. and Subst.,

    τό τ. μέγιστον Pl.Sph. 261c

    ;

    ἐπί τ. Ἀκράγαντι Pi.O.2.90

    , cf. Ar.Ec. 972, etc.; also after Prep. in compd. Verb,

    ἔκ τ. πέπληγμαι E.Hipp. 934

    , cf. Or. 1047, Ar.V. 784.
    3 τοι repeated,

    σύ τ. σύ τ. κατηξίωσας S.Ph. 1095

     (lyr.).
    ------------------------------------
    τοι, [dialect] Dor., [dialect] Aeol., [dialect] Ion., and [dialect] Ep. dat. sg. of σύ (q. v.).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τοι

  • 6 τοιγάρ

    τοιγάρ, an inferential Particle,
    A therefore, accordingly, well then,

    κέλεαί με.. μυθήσασθαι μῆνιν Ἀπόλλωνος.. · τοιγὰρ ἐγὼν ἐρέω Il.1.76

    , cf. 10.427, Od.3.254, 8.402, A.Supp. 309, Th. 1038, Pers. 607, S.Ant. 931 (anap.), 994, Aj. 666, etc.; rare in Com. (Ar.Lys. 516 (anap.), 901, 902 ) and Prose (Hdt.8.114, Hp.Cord.10 (s. v. l.)); never in [dialect] Att. Prose.
    II strengthd. by other Particles, [full] τοιγαροῦν, [dialect] Ion. [full] τοιγαρῶν, for that very reason, therefore, Hdt.4.149, Pl.Sph. 234e, 246b, X.An.1.9.9, al., D.18.40, Arist.Pol. 1271b3, etc.; also in Poets, as S.Aj. 490, OT 1519 (troch.), Ph. 341, Ar.V. 1098, etc.
    2 [full] τοιγάρτοι, Hdt.3.3, Th.6.38, And.1.108, Pl.Phd. 82d, etc.; rare in Poets, Emp. 145, A.Supp. 654 (lyr.), Ar.Ach. 643 (anap.):—Hom. always inserts a word between τοιγάρ and τοι

    , τοιγὰρ ἐγώ τοι Il.10.413

    , Od.1.179, 214, al.—These forms must begin the sentence, exc. in late Gr., where τοιγαροῦν may be postponed, as Cleom.1.8, Wilcken Chr.491.7 (ii A. D.), Gal.Libr.Ord.2, Vett. Val.356.3, Sammelb.6222.12 (iii A. D.), Jul.Caes. 318d. (It is doubtful whether τοι- contains the demonstr. stem το-.)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τοιγάρ

См. также в других словарях:

  • τοιγάρτοι — Α (συμπερ. μόριο) επιτεταμένος τ. τού τοιγάρ και τού τοιγαροῡν. [ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < τοιγάρ* + μόριο τοι (ΙΙ) (πρβλ. καί τοι)] …   Dictionary of Greek

  • τοιγάρτοι — τοιγάρ therefore indeclform (particle) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

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