σᾰτρᾰπ-εύω

σᾰτρᾰπ-εύω,

A to be a satrap, exercise the authority of one,

δεῖ τὴν γυναῖκα σατραπεύειν X.HG3.1.12

, cf. SIG 302 (iv B.C.), al., PEleph.1.1 (iv B.C.); [pref] ξατραπ-, Arr.Fr.10 J., cf. σατράπης.

2 c. gen., rule as a satrap,

σ. τῆς χώρας X. HG3.1.10

, An.3.4.31, cf. Plu.Them.30: also c. acc., τὰ ἐν μέσῳ ς. X.An.1.7.6;

Αἴγυπτον Hld.2.24

: metaph. in [voice] Pass., Philostr.VA1.27.

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: "satrap", governor of the Persian king (since X.).

Derivatives: σατραπ-ικός `belonging to the satrap' (Arist. etc.), f. - ίς (Philostr.), - εύω `to be a satrap, to rule as a satrap' (X. etc.) with - εία, Ion. - ηΐη f. `the office, the province of a satrap, satrapy' (since Hdt.); - εῖα n. pl. `the palace of a satrap' (Hld.).

Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Iran.

Etymology: From OIran. * xšaʮra-pā- `protecting the empire' (OP xšaça-pāvan-), from xšaʮra- (s. on κτάομαι) and pāiti (s. on ποιμήν). The not rare, often attested forms in inscriptions ξατρ-, ἐξα(ι)τρ-, ἐξαιθρ- (also σαδρ-) represent partly the OP xš- and the internal dental more exactly (s. Eilers-Mayrhofer Sprache 6, 120 n. 59 [p. 121], Brandenstein Sprachgesch. und Wortbed. 60), but are also folketymolog. conditioned: ἐξατρ- after ἐξ-; cf. Schwyzer 206 a. 329. The αι-diphthong is by Kretschmer Sprache 2, 70 with Lehmann-Haupt P. -W. s. Satrap col. 84 hardly convincingly derived from an unattested OIran. mixed form. -- Cf. also Skt. kṣatrapa- a. o., s. Schmitt ZDMG 117, 131.

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