σιγ-αλέος

σῑγ-ᾰλέος, α, ον,

A silent, still, AP7.597 (Jul.), Orph.A. 1003, etc.

Grammatical information: Adv.

Meaning: `silently, in silence', also interj. `be quiet!, hush!' (trag.).

Derivatives: Besides σιγάω (Hom. only ipv. σίγα; ind. since h. Merc.), fut. σιγήσομαι (S., E., Ar. a. o.), - ήσω (AP, D. Chr. a. o.), perf. σεσίγηκα (Aeschin.), pass. σιγ-άομαι (S.), aor. - θῆναι (Hdt., E.), -ᾱθῆναι (Theoc.), fut. - ηθήσομαι (E.), perf. σεσίγ-ημαι, Dor. -ᾱμαι (Pi., E.), sometimes with κατα- a. o., 'to be quiet, to keep secret', pass. `to be kept secret'. Subst. σιγή, Dor. -ά (Pi.) f. `silence, secrecy' (Il.; Hom. only σιγῃ̃; cf. below); late innovation σῖγος n. `id.' (An. Ox.; cf. Schwyzer 512). -- Derivations. 1. From σιγή: σιγ-αλέος `silent' (AP, Orph.), - άζω (Pi., X., D.C. a.o.; κατα- σῖγα Arist. a.o.) `to make silent'; κατασιγαίνει H to πραΰνει. 2. From σιγάω: σιγ-ηλός, Dor. (Pi.) -ᾱλός `silent' (Hp., S., Arist. etc.; may also come from σιγή, Thieme Studien 50 A. 3), - ηρός `id.' (Men., LXX a. o.), - ητής m. `silent person' (Latium II^p), - ητικός `silent' (Hp.), -ημονᾳ̃ς σιγᾳ̃ς H. -- On the unclear σιγ-άρνης m. (Call. Epigr. 45, 6) s. Schwyzer RhM 75, 447 a. 77, 105.

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: As basis of this wordgroup is prob. to be considered the first interjectival adv. σῖγα; from there the ipv. σίγα and the instrumental dat. σιγῃ̃ (cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 74) of a gradually built verbal and nominal inflection (Schwyzer 722 n. 3 a. 726, Schw.-Debr. 257 n. 1, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 357; diff. Georgacas Glotta 36, 181 f.). -- For σῖγα onomatop. origin is prob., s. Schwyzer 307 w. lit. On the other hand ῥίγα (i.e. Ϝίγα) σιώπα H. points to orig. *σϜιγ-, which fits best to the WestGerm. verb for `schweigen (be silent)' in OHG swīgēn (only the velar is genetically deviant); on the anlaut cf. the doublet ὗς: σῦς. Further forms w. lit. and hypothetic connections in Bq, WP. 2, 534, Pok. 1052. -- Cf. σιωπάω, -ή. On the IE expressions for `be silent' Porzig Gliederung 107.

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