ποτήριον

ποτήριον, ου, τό (dim. of ποτήρ [πίνω]; Alcaeus, Sappho, Hdt.+) a vessel used for drinking, cup (in Gk. lit. mostly for drinking of wine)

ⓐ lit. Mt 23:25f; Mk 7:4, 8 v.l.; Lk 11:39. π. χρυσοῦν (ChronLind B, 42) Rv 17:4 (s. on πόρνη 2). W. gen. of its contents: π. ὕδατος Mk 9:41 (Just., D. 65, 3; 66, 4). π. ψυχροῦ a cup of cold water Mt 10:42 (on the ellipsis s. B-D-F §241, 7; Rob. 1202). Oft. in the language of the Eucharist λαβὼν ποτήριον Mt 26:27; Mk 14:23; cp. Lk 22:17, 20a; 1 Cor 11:25a; IPhld 4; D 9:2.—The cup stands, by metonymy, for what it contains (Pr 23:31) Lk 22:20b; 1 Cor 11:25b, 26 (τὸ ποτ. corresponds to τὸν ἄρτον).—ἐκ τοῦ ποτηρίου πίνειν vs. 28 (Alcaeus 34 D.²). τὸ ποτήριον τῆς εὐλογίας (JosAs 8:11; s. εὐλογία 3bβ) 1 Cor 10:16. W. gen. of the pers. who bestows the drink (τὸ) ποτήριον (τοῦ) κυρίου πίνειν vs. 21a; 11:27. Opp. ποτήριον δαιμονίων 10:21b (FDölger, D. Kelch der Dämonen: Ac IV 266–70).

ⓑ fig. (in the OT ποτήριον is an expr. for destiny in both good and bad senses, for death in general TestAbr A 1 al. On the concept of drinking a cup of suffering cp. Is 51:17, 22; La 4:21; Ps 10:6; 74:9.—WLotz, D. Sinnbild des Bechers: NKZ 28, 1917, 396–407; F-JLeenhardt, Le Sacrement de la Sainte Cène ’48, 43–45) of undergoing a violent death; first of Christ himself τὸ ποτήριον ὸ̔ δέδωκέν μοι ὁ πατὴρ οὐ μὴ πίω αὐτό; shall I not drink the cup which the Father has given me? J 18:11. Cp. Mt 20:22; 26:39, 42 v.l.; Mk 10:38; 14:36 (Cranfield, ET 59, ’47/48, 137f; DDaube, A Prayer Pattern in Judaism, Studia Evangelica 73, ’59, 539–45); Lk 22:42. Of Peter’s martyrdom πίε τὸ ποτήριον … ἐν χειροῖν τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἐν Ἅιδου drink the cup from the hands of the son, (who is) in Hades ApcPt Rainer 16–18 (on the quest. of the identity of the υἱός s. the comments by Ja. p. 274). The martyrdom of a Christian is corresp. described as a λαβεῖν μέρος ἐν τῷ ποτηρίῳ τοῦ Χριστοῦ share in the cup of Christ MPol 14:2. Cp. Mt 20:23; Mk 10:39 (s. on these pass. ESchwartz, Über den Tod der Söhne Zebedaei: GGAbh. n.s. VII/5, 1904, NGG 1907, 266ff, ZNW 11, 1910, 89–104; FSpitta, ibid. 39–58; CBruston, RTQR 19, 1910, 338–44, RHPR 5, 1925, 69–71; VWeber, Der Katholik 92, 1912, 434–45; JBernard, ET 39, 1928, 456–58).—On τὸ ποτήριον τοῦ οἴνου τοῦ θυμοῦ τῆς ὀργῆς αὐτοῦ Rv 16:19 s. θυμός 1 and 2. On the pass. connected w. it, i.e. Rv 14:10; 18:6, s. κεράννυμι 1.—B. 348. DELG s.v. C 7. M-M. EDNT. TW.

     ποτήριον

    τό чаша, кубок Her., Arph., NT.

ποτήριον

drinking-cup: neut nom /voc /acc sg

ποτήριον, τό,

A drinking-cup, wine-cup, Alc.52, Sapph.Supp. 20a.10, Hdt.2.37, 3.148, Ar.Eq. 120, 237, etc.; οὔποτ' ἐκ ταὐτοῦ μεθ' ἡμῶν πίεται π. ib. 1289;

π. ἀργυρᾶ IG12.232

, al.;

κεραμεᾶ Ath.11.464a

, etc.

2 the Cup in the Eucharist, 1 Ep.Cor.11.25 sq.

3 jar, Gal.13.385.

4 receptacle for offerings in temples, PTeb.6.27 (pl., ii B. C.).

II absorbent preparation, Gal.13.258, Alex.Trall.10 (pl.).

III v. ποτίρριον.

ποτήριον, τό, (1) Trinkgefäß, Becher; (2) eine strauchartige Pflanze, astragalus poterium

4221 ποτήριον

4221 ποτήριον

чашу

чашу

-ου ⁺ τό N 2 5-3-15-9-1=33 Gn

cup Gn 40,11; id. (metaph.) Lam 2,13; content of a cup Jer 16,7

*Lam 2,13 ποτήριον cup-כוס for MT ים/כ as the sea

Cf. HARL 1999 283; WALTERS 1973, 211

ποτήριον

drinking-cup: neut dat pl

ποτήριον

drinking-cup: neut gen sg

ποτήριον

drinking-cup: neut gen pl

ποτήριον

drinking-cup: neut nom /voc /acc pl

πίνω (Hom.+) impf. ἔπινον; fut. πίομαι (W-S. 13, 6; 17; B-D-F §74, 2; 77; Rob. 354), 2 sg. πίεσαι (Ruth 2:9; B-D-F §87; Thackeray p. 218; 282; Rob. 340; Mlt-H. 198); 2 aor. ἔπιον (on ἔπιαν 1 Cor 10:4 D s. B-D-F §81, 3; Mlt-H. 208), impv. πίε, πιέτω, inf. πιεῖν (edd. contracted πεῖν [πῖν]; s. B-D-F §101 p. 48; §31, 2; W-S. §5, 23b; Rob. 72; 204; Mayser 365; Thackeray p. 63f; W-H., app. 170); perf. πέπωκα; plpf. 3 sg. πεπώκει 1 Km 30:12 (W-S. §13, 15; B-D-F §83, 1).

① to take in a liquid internally, drink, w. acc. of someth. that is drunk Mt 6:25; Mk 16:18; Lk 12:29. αἷμα (Num 23:24; 1 Ch 11:19 al.; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010]): J 6:53f, 56 (cp. the imagery in Jos., Bell. 5, 344 ἐσθίειν … καὶ τὸ τῆς πόλεως αἷμα πίνειν). οἶνον Lk 1:15 (cp. Dt 29:5); 5:39; cp. Mt 26:29b; Ro 14:21 (Is 22:13) al. τί πίωμεν; what will we have to drink? Mt 6:31. φαγεῖν καὶ πιεῖν ὅσον ἄν βούλωνται MPol 7:2. ἐσθίειν καὶ πίνειν τὰ παρά τινος eat and drink what someone sets before one Lk 10:7. Foll. by ἀπό τινος drink (of) someth. (Ctesias: 688 Fgm. 1lβ p. 433 Jac. [Sotion Fgm. 17 in Παραδοξογράφοι W. p. 185] π. ἀπʼ αὐτῆς [a spring], resulting in confession of things perpetrated in secret; Ael. Aristid. 39, 4 K.=18 p. 409 D.; Jer 28:7; GrBar 4:6; Just., D. 140, 1) 22:18. μηδεὶς φαγέτω μηδὲ πιέτω ἀπὸ τῆς εὐχαριστίας D 9:5. Foll. by ἔκ τινος (of) someth. (Gen 9:21; TestJos 19:5; GrBar 5:2; Syntipas p. 43, 15 ἐκ τοῦ δηλητηρίου πίομαι) Mt 26:29a; Mk 14:25a; J 4:13f. Foll. by acc. of the vessel fr. which one drinks, in which case the vessel and its contents are identified (ποτήριον a) ποτήριον κυρίου πίνειν 1 Cor 10:21; cp. 11:26f. The vessel can also be introduced by ἐκ (Hipponax [VI B.C.] 16 and 17 D.²; Aristoph., Equ. 1289; Pla., Rep. 417a; X., An. 6, 1, 4 ἐκ ποτηρίων; SIG 1168, 80) ἐκ τοῦ ποτηρίου πινέτω (s. 2 Km 12:3) 1 Cor 11:28; cp. Mt 26:27; Mk 14:23. Likew. ἐξ αὐτοῦ (=ἐκ τοῦ φρέατος.—Paus. Attic. κ, 56 κρήνη, ἐξ ἧς ἔπινον; Num 21:22; Philo, Deus Imm. 155) from it J 4:12. ἐκ πέτρας 1 Cor 10:4b.—On the acc. κρίμα ἑαυτῷ ἐσθίει καὶ πίνει 11:29b cp. κρίμα 4b.—Abs. Mt 27:34b. W. ἐσθίειν 11:18f; Lk 5:33; 12:19 (Phoenix Col. 1, 9 [Coll. Alex. p. 231]), 45 al.; cp 17:8 (on the protocol in 17:7 cp. ViAesopi G 61 P.). ἔφαγεν καὶ ἔπιεν 1 Cl 3:1 (cp. Dt. 32:15); I Tr 9:1. οὔτε ἐπὶ τὸ φαγεῖν οὔτε ἐπὶ τὸ πεῖν (=πιεῖν) AcPl Ox 6, 7f (=Aa 1, 241, 12f). τρώγειν καὶ π. Mt 24:38; cp. 1 Cor 15:32. ἐσθίειν καὶ π. μετά τινος eat and drink w. someone Mt 24:49; Mk 2:16 v.l.; Lk 5:30. δοῦναί τινι πιεῖν (τι) give someone someth. to drink (numerous exx. of δοῦναι πιεῖν in AKnox and WHeadlam, Herodas 1922 p. 55f; Jos., Ant. 2, 64) Mt 27:34a; Mk 15:23 v.l.; J 4:7 (δὸς πεῖν as POxy 1088, 55 [I A.D.] and Cyranides p. 49, 16. Cp. Lamellae Aur. Orphicae ed. AOlivieri 1915 p. 12 σοι δώσουσι πιεῖν θείης ἀπὸ κρήνης [IV/III B.C.]), vs. 10. πῶς παρʼ ἐμοῦ πεῖν αἰτεῖς, how can you ask me for a drink? vs. 9.—In imagery, of the earth: γῆ ἡ πιοῦσα τὸν ὑετόν Hb 6:7 (this figure and corresp. exprs. Trag. et al.; cp. Hdt. 3, 117; 4, 198; Anacreontea 21, 1; Dt 11:11; SibOr 3, 696). In J, Jesus calls those who are thirsty to him, that they may drink the water he gives them and never thirst again (cp. Lucian, Dial. Deor. 4, 5 πίνειν τῆς ἀθανασίας) J 4:14; 7:37.

② In an idiom πιεῖν τὸ ποτήριον w. added words that make the sense clear drink the cup=submit to a severe trial, or death (ποτήριον b) Mt 20:22f; Mk 10:38f; J 18:11; cp. Mt 26:42; ApcPt Rainer 16 (for the fig. use cp. Herodas 1, 25 π. ἐκ καινῆς=from the new cup. Then, as Mt 20:22f; Mk 10:38f of those who suffer the same fate: Aristoph., Eq. 1289 οὔποτʼ ἐκ ταὐτοῦ μεθʼ ἡμῶν πίεται ποτηρίου=he will never drink from the same cup as we do; Libanius, Ep. 355, 4 F. μνήμη τῶν ἐκ ταὐτοῦ κρατῆρος πεπωκότων). Sim. πίεται ἐκ τοῦ οἴνου τοῦ θυμοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ Rv 14:10; cp. 18:3 (on the rdg. s. RBorger, TRu 52, ’87, 50f; θυμός 1; 2; cp. w. acc. τρώγειν καὶ π. τὸν λόγον τοῦ θεοῦ, τὸν τῆς ἀθανασίας ἄρτον Iren. 4, 38, 1 [Harv. II 293, 12]).—B. 331. DELG s.v. πίνω. M-M. EDNT. TW.

εὐλογία, ας, ἡ (s. prec. two entries; Pind.+).

① act of speaking in favorable terms, praise (Pind., Thu. et al.; OGI 74 [III B.C.] θεοῦ εὐλογία. Θεύδοτος Ἰουδαῖος σωθεὶς ἐκ πελάγους; Sb 317; 1117; T. Kellis 22, 11f; Herm. Wr. 1, 30 εὐ. τ. πατρὶ θεῷ; 2 Esdr 19:5; Sir 50:20; Jos., Ant. 11, 80 εἰς θεόν) Rv 5:12f; 7:12.

② in an extended sense of ‘fine speaking’ (Pla., Rep. 3, 400d; Lucian, Lexiph. 1), ἐ. is used in a pejorative sense (Aesop 274 and 274b H.=155 P., 222 Ch., 160 H-H. uses the adj. εὔλογος of an argument that sounds good but is false; cp. Lucian, Abdic. 22) and specifically of words that are well chosen but untrue, false eloquence, flattery Ro 16:18 (v.l. εὐγλωττίας).

③ act or benefit of blessing, blessing

ⓐ by which persons call down God’s grace upon other persons (opp. κατάρα, as Gen 27:12; Sir 3:9; Philo, Mos. 1, 283; Jos., Ant. 4, 302; TestBenj 6:5; JosAs 9:1) Js 3:10. Often the explanation of Hb 12:17 is thought to be given in Gen 27:38. Others place the passage under bα. ἡ εὐ. τοῦ Ζαχαρίου GJs 24:1.

ⓑ of God’s activity in blessing (Wsd 15:19; Sir 11:22 al.) 1 Cl 31:1. ὁδοὶ τ. εὐλογίας the ways of blessing i.e. those which God blesses, ibid.

α. as benefit bestowed by God or Christ (Gen 49:25; Ex 32:29; Lev 25:21 al.; PsSol 5:17; JosAs 24:6) μεταλαμβάνει εὐλογίας shares the blessing Hb 6:7 (but s. 4 below). εὐ. πνευματική spiritual blessing Eph 1:3. εὐ. Χριστοῦ Ro 15:29; κληρονομεῖν τὴν εὐ. Hb 12:17 (s. a above); 1 Pt 3:9. εὐ. τοῦ Ἀβραάμ Gal 3:14 (cp. Gen 28:4). ἐσχάτην εὐ. ultimate/finest blessing GJs 6:2 (cp. Just., D. 91, 1 εὐλογίᾳ, ἥν εὐλόγει τὸν Ἰωσήφ; also s. εὐλογέω 3).

β. in a special sense of divine benefit bestowed in the Eucharist: blessing (εὐλογέω 2b) τὸ ποτήριον τῆς εὐ. the cup that conveys blessing, defined as ‘sharing in the blood of Christ’ 1 Cor 10:16 (JosAs 8:11 καὶ πιέτω ποτήριον εὐλογίας σου; here a technical term for the cup of wine drunk at the close of an Israelite’s meal; HGressmann, Sellin Festschr. 1927, 55ff; ROtto, The Kingdom of God and the Son of Man, tr. FFilson and BLee-Woolf, ’57, 265ff).

ⓒ as benefit brought by humans (Gen 33:11; 1 Km 25:27; 4 Km 5:15.—Cyr. Scyth. uses εὐλογία=‘gift, bounty’ [from humans] without biblical influence: 68, 17 and 28; 217, 16; 238, 12; also εὐλογέω=bestow 137, 9) 2 Cor 9:5a; mng. 4 is in favor with some interpreters.

④ Since the concept of blessing connotes the idea of bounty, εὐ. also bears the mng. generous gift, bounty (opp. πλεονεξία) 2 Cor 9:5b; perh. also 5a, s. 3c above. ἐπʼ εὐλογίαις (opp. φειδομένως) bountifully 9:6ab (Philo, Leg. All. 3, 210: ἐπʼ εὐλογίαις=in order that blessed influence might be felt). This may perh. be the place for Hb 6:7 (s. 3bα above) γῆ … μεταλαμβάνει εὐλογίας ἀπὸ τ. θεοῦ the earth receives rich bounty from God. RAC VI 900–928. JMateos, Análisis de un campo lexematico—Εὐλογία en el NT: Filologí a Neotestamentaria 1, ’88, 5–25; cp. Betz, 2 Cor 96–99, 103.—Renehan ’85, 73f. M-M. TW.