πορ-ισμός

πορ-ισμός, ὁ,

A providing, procuring,

τῶν ἐπιτηδείων Plb. 3.112.2

; earning a living, Chrysipp.Stoic.3.172;

ἐφήμερος π. Phld. Oec.p.44J.

;

συγγνώμης J.BJ2.21.3

: abs., Man.4.448(pl.); money-getting, Plu.2.524d, 92b (pl.), 136c (pl.), etc.; means of gain, Chaerem. ap. Porph.Abst.4.8;

δυσὶ π., γεωργίᾳ καὶ φειδοῖ Plu.Cat.Ma. 25

;

π. μέγας ἡ εὐσέβεια 1 Ep.Ti.6.6

; means of livelihood, Muson.Fr. 11p.59H.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to perforate, to pierce, to pervade'; as simplex ep. poet., w. prefix also (late) prose. On the aorist πορεῖν s. v.

Other forms: Aor. πεῖραι, perf. midd. πέπαρμαι (Il.), aor. pass. παρῆναι (Hdt.).

Compounds: Often w. prefix, e.g. δια-, ἀνα-, κατα-, περι-.

Derivatives: (Very condensed survey): A. From the full grade: 1. διαμπερ-ές adv. `right through, continuously' (Il., Schwyzer 513). 2. περ-όνη f. `brooch, buckle' (Il.; like βελ-όνη, ἀκ-όνη a.o.) with - ονίς, - όνιον, - ονίδιον, - ονάω, - όνημα, - ονητήρ, - ονητρίς. -- B. From the full grade with o (1. and 2. semantically independent of the verb): 1. πόρος m. `passage, ford, narrowing, journey, road, way; means, way out', pl. `earnings' (Il.) with a. πορ-εύς, - ιμος; b. πορ-εύομαι, - εύω `to carry, to provide' (IA.), from which - εία, - εῖον, - ευμα, - ευσις, - ευτικός; c. πορ-ίζω, - ίζομαι `to bring about, to provide oneself' (IA.), from which - ισμός, - ισμα, - ιστής, - ιστικός. As 2. member a. o. in ἄ-πορος `with no way out, impassable, destitute' (Pi., IA.) with ἀπορ-έω, - ία. 2. πορ-θμός m. `ferry (ferry place, ferry road), strait, sound' (IA.; like στα-θμός a.o.) with - θμίς, - θμιος, - θμικός, - θμεύς, - θμεύω, - θμεία, - θμεῖον, - θμευμα u.a. - On πόρπη, πόρπαξ s.v.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [816] * per- `bring over'

Etymology: With the yot-present πείρω agrees phonet. and semant. OCS na-perjǫ `pierce'; the aorist πεῖραι has a formal agreement in Skt. aor. subj. párṣat(i) `may he carry over' (IE * per-s-); here the reduplicated pres. pí-par-ti. The meaning `carry over, ferry over' is still found in Greek in πόρος, πορθμός. Beside πόρος stands in Germ. a corresponding IE ā-stem, OWNo. fǫr, OE faru f. `voyage, expedition' (would be Gr. *πορά); here further Thrac. PN in - παρος, - παρα. The family has further a great many representatives in several languages, e.g. in Latin por-ta, - tus, - tāre, in Germ. OHG etc. faran `fare', in Armen. heriwn `piercer', which learn nothing for πείρω a. con.; s. also πορεῖν (and πέρνημι)}. -- WP. 2, 39 f., Pok. 816f., W.-Hofmann s. porta, Mayrhofer s. píparti² w. further details a. lit.

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