παράσπονδ-ος

παρασπόνδ-ειος, ον,

A at or for a libation: παρασπόνδεια, τά (sc. μέλη), Ph.2.484.

παρασπονδ-έω,

A break a compact or treaty, D.7.36, 18.71, Onos.37.3 ;

εἴς τινα D.H.2.72

.

II trans.,

1 π. τινάς break faith with them, Plb.1.7.8, cf. Plu.Sull.3 ;

τοὺς παρεσπονδηκότας τὰς πόλεις IG 22.687.32

:—[voice] Pass., suffer by a breach of faith, Plb.3.15.7, J. BJ1.19.4 ;

ὑπό τινος Id.Vit.59

.

2 π. πίστεις, δεξιάς, violate pledges, etc., D.H.6.30, 7.46.

παρασπόνδ-ημα, ατος, τό,

A breach of faith, IG7.411 (Orop.), Plb.2.58.4, Plu.Caes.22, App.Gall. 18.

παρασπόνδ-ησις, εως, ἡ,

A breaking of faith, Plb.2.7.5 ;

πρός τινα Str.7.1.4

;

εἴς τινα App.BC2.110

.

παρασπονδ-ητής, οῦ, ὁ, = sq. 2, Eust. 1400.39.

παράσπονδ-ος, ον, ([etym.] σπονδή)

A contrary to a compact or treaty,

ἐπιδρομή Th.4.23

; μηδὲν π. ποιεῖν, παθεῖν, X.HG2.4.30, Ages.3.5 ;

π. τι προστάττειν Isoc.14.45

; τοῦ θηριώδους καὶ π. βίου bound by no compacts, Athenio 1.4. Adv.

- δως App.BC5.80

.

2 of persons, breaker of treaties, forsworn, Lys. 12.74, J.AJ 10.8.2, Heraclit.Incred. 15.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to offer a libation, to pour, to bestow'; `to make a ceasefire agreement (whilst performing a libation)'; the last also in the sense of `to reassure, to promise' resp. `to secure smth.' (Gortyn; on this Willetts Glotta 43, 251 ff.).

Other forms: Aor. σπεῖσαι (Il.), fut. σπείσω (Hdt. etc.), perf. ἔσπεικα (Plu.) midd. σπένδομαι, σπείσασθαι, σπείσομαι, ἔσπεισμαι (IA.)

Compounds: Also w. prefix, e.g. κατα-, ἐπι-.

Derivatives: σπονδή f. `libation, offering of wine' (Β 341 = Δ 159), pl. usu. `ceasefire agreement (sanctified with a libation), truce, peace treaty, pax dei' (IA. etc.). Compp., z.B. σπονδο-φόρος m. `herald of the truce, the pax dei' (Pi.); often as 2. member, e.g. ὑπό-σπονδος `under a ceasefire agreement, under safe-conduct' (IA). From this σπονδ-εῖος `belonging to the offering', also metr. `spondeus' (D.H. a. o.), - εῖον n. `libation vessel' (hell.); also - ειακός, - ειάζω, - ειασμός (late); - ικός `belonging to the offering' (pap.); - ήσιμα n. pl. `id.' (Philem.; after ὀνή-σιμος a. o.; cf. also παρασπόνδησις [Plb.] from παρασπονδ-έω [: παρά-σπονδος] and Arbenz 83); - ῖτις ( σταγών) `id.' (AP; Redard 114); σπόνδικες οἱ τὰς σπονδὰς χέοντες H. (Schwyzer 497). -- Extensive treatment in A. Citron Semantische Untersuchung zu σπένδεσθαι - σπένδειν - εὔχεσθαι (Winterthur 1965).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [989] * spend- `bring a drink-offering'

Etymology: Old expression of cult- and juridical language, also retained in Hitt. and Latin: Hitt. šipant- (e.g. 3. sg. šipant-i [= σπένδει], 3. pl. - anzi) `bring a fluid sacrifice, libate, consecrate (by sprinkling?), execute a ritual' (Kronasser Etymologie 1, 522 ff. with some doubt about the etym.); Lat. spondeō (iterative) `promise ceremonially, assure, guarantee'. Details in Ernout-Meillet a. W.-Hofmann s. v. (w. lit.).

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