μάραθ(ρ)ον

Μάραθα, Μάραθα

fem nom /voc sg

Μάραθαι, Μάραθα

fem nom /voc pl

μάραθα, μάραθον

fennel: neut nom /voc /acc pl

μάραθε, μάραθος

fennel: masc voc sg

μᾰρᾰθ-οειδής, ές,

A like fennel, v.l. for μαράθῳ ὅμοια in Dsc.3.139. Adv. [suff] μᾰρᾰθ-οειδῶς, v.l. for μαράθῳ ὅμοια in Id.2.139.

μᾰρᾰθ-ον (proparox.), τό,

A fennel, Foeniculum vulgare, D.18.260, Anaxandr.41.58, Thphr.HP1.12.2, al.: pl., Epich.156, 159:—also [suff] μᾰρᾰθ-ος, ὁ, Python 1.13, but ἡ, Lyd.Mag.1.42; of doubtful gender, Hermipp.81, Lycusap.Orib.8.32.4.

μᾰρᾰθ-ίς, ίδος, ἡ,

A = ἱππομάραθον, Ps.-Dsc.3.71.

μᾰρᾰθ-ίτης [ῑ], ου, ὁ,

A flavoured with fennel,

οἶνος Dsc.5.65

, Gp.8.9.

Grammatical information: n.

Meaning: `fennel, Foeniculum vulgare' (Epich., D., Thphr.), - ος m. f. (Hermipp.), also (without loss of the ρ) μάραθρον (Alex., hell. pap., Dsc.)

Dialectal forms: Myc. maratuwo \/ marathwon\/

Compounds: Compp. εὑ-μάραθος `rich in fennel' (AP), ἱππο-μάραθ(ρ)ον'Prangos ferulacea' (Diocl. Med., Thphr., Dsc.; διὰ τὸ μέγεθος, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 30).

Derivatives: μαραθίς, - ίδος f. = ἱππομ. (Ps.-Dsc.), μαραθᾶς m. `fenneltrader' (Robert Rev. de phil. 70, 52 f.), μαραθίτης οἶνος (Dsc., Gp.; Redard 97), Μαραθών, - ῶνος m. f. (η 80) a. other PN (Tovar Emer. 12, 320).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: As plant-name suspected to be of foreign origin (Schwyzer 61). Explanation from IE by Hesselman Symb. Danielsson 94ff.: to NSwed. mjärd(r)e, OSw. miærdher m. n. `fishtrap resp. its funnel-like entrance', PGm. * merdra-, IE * mer(ǝ)- dhro- (cf. βέρεθρον: βάραθρον); further connections in WP. 2, 272, Pok. 733 [?]. The plant was then called after its funnel-like flower; cf. Strömberg Pflanzenn. 50. Doubts by Debrunner IF 51, 209. The Myc. dorm refutes the proposal. Rather a Pre-Greek word (note α-α), cf. Schwyzer 1, 61.

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Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `band, string' (κ 23, D. S. 3, 21), dat. pl. - θαις (Agatharch. 47); acc. sg. - θον (H.), nom. - θος (Zonar.).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: Formation like ἕλμις ( μέρμινθα v. l. D. S. l. c. like ἕλμινθος etc.), ὄρνις γέλγις a. o. (Schwyzer 510, Chantraine 366). Further analysis unknown; a suffixal - μι- (with θ-enlargement) is possible; broken reduplication may be considered. A primary verb mer- `twist, bind' (WP. 2, 272 a. Pok. 733) is nowhere attested; cognates have been supposed in μηρύω as well as in βρόχος and μάραθ(ρ)ον (s. vv.), both without further confirmation. For foreign (Pre-Greek) origin Chantraine l.c., Deroy Glotta 35, 191ff. Fur. 289 compares μήρινθος, σμήρινθος `string, thread' and further σμῆριγξ `hair', σμήριγγες πλεκταί, σειραί, βόστρυχοι H.

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